Upload
bona
View
31
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Corporate Seminar. FAA Guidance on Icing Bird Strikes Airspace Tom Evans thanks to david keyser…IT. FAA Icing Guidance. 1. In the Past FAA’s defines Icing as Moisture and Temperature. 2. A violation if in a non-approved Icing - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Corporate Seminar
FAA Guidance on IcingFAA Guidance on Icing
Bird StrikesBird Strikes
AirspaceAirspace
Tom EvansTom Evans
thanks to david keyser…ITthanks to david keyser…IT
FAA Icing GuidanceFAA Icing Guidance
1. In the Past FAA’s defines Icing as Moisture1. In the Past FAA’s defines Icing as Moisture and Temperature.and Temperature. 2. A violation if in a non-approved Icing2. A violation if in a non-approved Icing plane….plane…. 3. Now Ice must be present…3. Now Ice must be present… 4. No action on cautious pilots who 4. No action on cautious pilots who accidentally.. Case by caseaccidentally.. Case by case 5. Reasonable and Prudent Behavior 5. Reasonable and Prudent Behavior 6. Violations for those that have a callous 6. Violations for those that have a callous disregard for conditions …disregard for conditions … 7. “All available information”….due diligence 7. “All available information”….due diligence
Bird StrikesBird Strikes1.1. 75% of Bird Strikes Occur at or below 500 agl 75% of Bird Strikes Occur at or below 500 agl 2.2. Takeoffs and Landings account for 41% of StrikesTakeoffs and Landings account for 41% of Strikes3.3. 90% occur near airports90% occur near airports4.4. AvoidanceAvoidance: Check departure leg for flocks : Check departure leg for flocks 5.5. Climb thru 3000’ agl as quickly as possibleClimb thru 3000’ agl as quickly as possible
6.6. A 2 pound can create an impact force 2.8 tonsA 2 pound can create an impact force 2.8 tons7.7. A bird 12 to 15 # can impart 60 tons at 350kts (120,000)A bird 12 to 15 # can impart 60 tons at 350kts (120,000)8.8. Same bird 30 tons at 260 kts (52,000)Same bird 30 tons at 260 kts (52,000)9.9. Stay on the slow side of climb if birds are present .. Stay on the slow side of climb if birds are present ..
Constant Attitude.Constant Attitude.10.10. Only 20 to 30% of the strikes are reported…. Billion $ Only 20 to 30% of the strikes are reported…. Billion $
DamageDamage
AirspaceAirspace
Mostly Determined by Weather Mostly Determined by Weather
and and
Special UseSpecial Use
Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZ—Land and SeaADIZ—Land and Sea Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
Class “B” Airspace VFR Transition RoutesClass “B” Airspace VFR Transition Routes
AAir ir DDefense efense IIdentification dentification ZZonesones
Land Based ADIZLand Based ADIZ
1. Can be Activated or Deactivated over geographic areas as needed.
2. Report Leaving or Entering, if too Low for Radar. 3. A position report +/- 5mins
4. Flight Plan-DVFR or IFR, two way radio Transponder----Air Filed Flight Plan
5. Authorization to deviate from the requirements..
ADIZ/FRZADIZ/FRZ
Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZADIZ Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
Class “B” Airspace VFR Transition RoutesClass “B” Airspace VFR Transition Routes
Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions
1.1. To protect persons and property in the air or on the To protect persons and property in the air or on the ground.ground.
2.2. Opens the airspace for Relief aircraft.Opens the airspace for Relief aircraft.
3.3. Normally limited to within 2,000’ agl and 3 NM radius Normally limited to within 2,000’ agl and 3 NM radius National Disasters for Humanitarians reasons.National Disasters for Humanitarians reasons. Political officialsPolitical officials Safe environment for the Space Agency.Safe environment for the Space Agency. Hijacking and only through the local ARTCC.Hijacking and only through the local ARTCC.
Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZADIZ Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
Class “B” Airspace VFR Transition RoutesClass “B” Airspace VFR Transition Routes
Low Altitude Training RoutesLow Altitude Training Routes Low level training exercise speeds in excess of 250 ktsLow level training exercise speeds in excess of 250 kts IFR designated by “IR”.IFR designated by “IR”. VFR designated by “VR”VFR designated by “VR” Military Training Routes : Military Training Routes : Below 1500’ 4 numbers - IR 1206…VR 1207Below 1500’ 4 numbers - IR 1206…VR 1207 Above 1500’ 3 numbers – IR 206… VR 207Above 1500’ 3 numbers – IR 206… VR 207 Contact Flight Service or Local authority.Contact Flight Service or Local authority. Flights permitted but use Extreme vigilance.Flights permitted but use Extreme vigilance. Flight Planning for these areas are a must. Flight Planning for these areas are a must.
Military Training RoutesMilitary Training Routes
Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZADIZ Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors Class “B” Airspace VFR Transition RoutesClass “B” Airspace VFR Transition Routes
Airspace and Weather Minimums Airspace and Weather Minimums For VFRFor VFR
Part 91.155Part 91.155– – (d)(d) “ “No PersonNo Person”” may take off may take off or land an aircraft, or land an aircraft, or or enter the traffic pattern enter the traffic pattern of an airport, under VFR, within the lateral of an airport, under VFR, within the lateral boundaries of surface areas of Class B, C, D, boundaries of surface areas of Class B, C, D, or E airspace designated for an airport-or E airspace designated for an airport-
1) Unless ground visibility is 3 SM1) Unless ground visibility is 3 SM (c)(c) When the ceiling is less than 1000’ When the ceiling is less than 1000’ Exception is a Exception is a Special VFRSpecial VFR From ATC From ATC
Lateral Boundaries of Tampa “B”Lateral Boundaries of Tampa “B”
Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces
1.1. Flyways Flyways
2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes
4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA) Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)
5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)
6.6. Prohibited P50Prohibited P50
VFR FlywaysVFR Flyways
Maybe Heavily Congested with many types of AC.Maybe Heavily Congested with many types of AC.
A General Flight Path, not a Specific course.A General Flight Path, not a Specific course. For Planning Flights into, out of, through or near “B” For Planning Flights into, out of, through or near “B” Clearance not RequiredClearance not Required Can Extend to the GroundCan Extend to the Ground Not Sterile of Traffic, VFR rules apply ….See and Avoid…Not Sterile of Traffic, VFR rules apply ….See and Avoid… ConcernsConcerns: Over flying airports with Control Towers: Over flying airports with Control Towers
VFRVFRFlywaysFlyways
VFR FLYWAYSVFR FLYWAYS
Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces
1.1. Flyways D.A.D.Flyways D.A.D.
2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes
4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA) Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)
5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)
6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50 Prohibited ( attachment) P50
7.7. ““B” “C” “D” “E” Lateral BoundriesB” “C” “D” “E” Lateral Boundries
VFR CorridorVFR Corridor
Uncontrolled Traffic-Uncontrolled Traffic-------- ------- No Clearance-No Clearance-----SFRSFR
Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces
1.1. Flyways D.A.D. Flyways D.A.D.
2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes
4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA) Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)
5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)
6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50Prohibited ( attachment) P50
VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes Accommodates VFR traffic through very heavy traffic areas Accommodates VFR traffic through very heavy traffic areas
in “B”.in “B”. Must have a clearance to enterMust have a clearance to enter A Heading, Altitude, Speed change, Squawk code, does not A Heading, Altitude, Speed change, Squawk code, does not
constitute a Clearance.constitute a Clearance. Must comply with ATC instruction and Fly the Route Must comply with ATC instruction and Fly the Route
depicted.depicted. Altitudes a must because of opposing trafficAltitudes a must because of opposing traffic Cross runways mid fieldCross runways mid field
VFRVFRTransitionTransition
RouteRoute
Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces
1.1. Flyways D.A.D. Flyways D.A.D.
2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes
4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA) Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)
5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)
6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50 Prohibited ( attachment) P50
Terminal Radar ServiceTerminal Radar Service TRSA do not fit into any of the Airspace classesTRSA do not fit into any of the Airspace classes TRSA over lies a very busy Class “D” airspace.TRSA over lies a very busy Class “D” airspace. The over lying area is class “E” from 700’ to 1200’The over lying area is class “E” from 700’ to 1200’ Voluntary.Voluntary. Highly recommended that pilots participateHighly recommended that pilots participate
TRSATRSA
Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces
1.1. FlywaysFlyways
2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes
4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)
5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)
6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50Prohibited ( attachment) P50
National Security AreaNational Security Area
NSA an Area for the need for increase Security and Safety of ground facilities.
Pilots are ask to voluntarily avoid flying through these areas.
Concerns: Can temporarily become a Prohibited area.
National Security AreaNational Security Area
Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces
1.1. FlywaysFlyways
2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors
3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes
4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)
5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)
6.6. Prohibited P 50 Prohibited P 50
Prohibited P-40Prohibited P-40
““EE” Airspace” Airspace
SixSix Types of “ Types of “EE” Airspace” AirspaceLess than 10,000’-3sm..500 below, 1,000 above, 2000’ horizontalLess than 10,000’-3sm..500 below, 1,000 above, 2000’ horizontal
1.1. Surface Area Designated for an Surface Area Designated for an AirportAirport
Understanding AWOS & Understanding AWOS & ASOSASOS
ASOS ASOS Automated Surface Observation SystemAutomated Surface Observation System
Weather TextWeather Text
ASOS
AWOS
Florida’s Surface Class “E”Florida’s Surface Class “E”
When Towers Close “C” or “D”When Towers Close “C” or “D”
Lakeland Tower Lakeland Tower
VsVs
St Pete/ClearwaterSt Pete/Clearwater
Class E AirspaceClass E Airspace
Gainesville RegionalGainesville Regional
Sarasota/Bradenton INTL “C”Sarasota/Bradenton INTL “C”
Hot Spots FloridaHot Spots Florida
Daytona Bch Int.- Daytona Bch Int.- Twy W to S turningTwy W to S turning on to Runwayon to Runway..
Miami Intl.-multiple intersections Miami Intl.-multiple intersections closely spaced.closely spaced.
This Has Been An Airspace Review This Has Been An Airspace Review But Not in It’s EntiretyBut Not in It’s Entirety
Please Drive and Fly Safety Please Drive and Fly Safety And Appreciate and Help Each OtherAnd Appreciate and Help Each Other
Difference between Upwind and Difference between Upwind and Departure legs.Departure legs.
Self-Announce Position and/or IntentionsSelf-Announce Position and/or Intentions
Pilots stating Pilots stating ”Traffic in the area, ”Traffic in the area, please advise” please advise” is not recognized Self-is not recognized Self-Announce Position and /or intention Announce Position and /or intention phase and should phase and should not be used not be used under any condition..under any condition..