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CoPulsationtm
Milking System
The only humane way to milk a dairy animal with a machine
www.dairysolutions.nl
www.CoPulsation.com
www.Facebook.com/CoPulsation
Copyright 2012
Mastitis – Root Cause
• Bacteria responsible for udder infections
• Milking machine is the delivery system
– Core of the milking machine (liner, pulsation) provide the cow to milking system interface
– The design and performance of milking system affects teat condition, milking action and cow behavior
– Evidence proves that an incorrectly designed milking system significantly increases mastitis
• Creates environment for bacteria to enter the teat sinus and udder
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Milking Machine – Delivery System
• Dr. Derek Forbes research proves liner pinch forces bacteria up teat sinus
• Cornell University research proves conventional pulsation causes 16X more Staph aureus infections than CoPulsation
• Dr. Sybren Reitsma shows short D phase increases new infections
• Teagasc proves teats swollen and injured by conventional milking machines
• More claw vacuum fluctuation events with alternating and sequential pulsation
• “the milking machine is one of the best washing machine ever built, the teats are bathed with milk during the milking process” – Dr. Andy Johnson: 2000 NMC Annual Meeting
• Atlantic Vet College research shows >23% of teats not sealed 6 weeks after dry off
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Dr. Forbes Research
• Milk samples extracted from teat end and directly from teat sinus
• Bacteria present in teat end for many days – no mastitis
• Teat end pinched by liner – forced bacteria up sinus causing new infection
• The pinching action of conventional milking machines can be felt with your fingers in the liner
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Cornell University Research • Compared GEA to CoPulsation
• 30 best cows from CU herd selected
• 15 cows in each group milked 6 months and switched
• First group milked by CoPulsation started with 5 Staph AU cases caused by ??
• Final result: 1 new Staph AU infection with CoPulsation and 16 new infections with GEA
• Supports Forbes research
• Study duration to short for teat health improvement based on averages
.02 new IMI per 100 d
.31 new IMI per 100 d
.31/.02 = 16 16X MORE NEW INFECTIONS with conventional
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Dr. Reitsma Research – D duration
• Compared infection rates for different liner closure (D phase) durations
• Short D phase causes more infections
Consider the following:
• Anatomy of teat and time for blood recirculation requires D phase of .4 to .5 seconds
• Example: tightly squeeze your forearm, release and note time it takes for redness to go away
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Teagasc Research
• Research at Teagasc in Ireland proves conventional milking machines cause teat swelling and teat sinus injury
• Evidence that conventional milking machines cause the teat to swell (congestion) while milking and experience physical damage to the teat canal and teat sinus
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Simultaneous vs. Alternating Pulsation
• 2 x more vacuum fluctuation events with alternating
• Claw vacuum fluctuation during milking interrupts milk flow and causes backwash (video)
• Alternating originally designed to allow front quarters to milk 50:50 and rear 60:40 and never reduced mastitis as claimed – no one uses alternating pulsation as originally intended
• Claw vacuum stability with simultaneous is as good or better than alternating with proper venting and claw volume
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Objective Observations
• Many facts can be visually observed proving that conventional milking machines cause physical harm, pain and result in high rates in new infections – Teats soaked in milk – backwash
– Teats swollen and reddened
– Teat sinus injury – lightly pinch and roll teat end and fell scar tissue within teat (video)
– Milk flow never stops during the rest phase, it only slows down (video)
– Feel pinching action of liner with your finger
Research and observations exist to support the fact that conventional milking machines are the delivery system for bacteria causing the conventional milking system to be responsible for new infections
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Dairy Industry has focused on the bacteria and cleanliness to solve mastitis
• Impact: US cull rate doubled in 50 years • Average US dairy cow production life = 1,8 lactations
Replacement Rate
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CoPulsation – Eliminates the delivery system
• The CoPulsation Milking System solves the problems created by conventional milking machines
– Simultaneous pulsation with a long D phase
– Eliminates liner pinch
– Eliminates backwash (video)
– Eliminates teat swelling, injury and pain (video)
– Provides a true rest phase with no milk flow (video)
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Conventional Pulsation
Fresh air enters top
A and C phase: 120 to 160 millisecond range
High restriction to fresh air flow
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CoPulsation
A and C phase: 40 to 60 millisecond range
Eliminates restriction to fresh air flow
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Performance Difference
Liner crawl
Pinched teat
Milk flow
Vacuum pull
No liner crawl
Massaged teat
No vacuum
No milk flow
Rest Phase
Comparison
Conventional
CoPulsation
Healthy teat canal
Teat canal stressed and damaged with scar tissue
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Conventional Milking Machine Reverse Milking Action
• Research by Dr Derek Forbes demonstrated that the pinching action forces non-motile bacteria up the teat canal
• New infections result
• Liner pinch can be felt with your finger
Bacteria forced up
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CoPulsation – Gentle Massage
• Liner closes about full length of teat
• Eliminates pinch
• Provide gentle compressive massage – similar to calf or hand milking action
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Recognize Damage of Conventional Milking Machines
Cow at Eurotier ‘10
Cow featured in ad for California Dairy
From website for conventional milking machine company
Advertisement – udder damage obvious
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Evidence of performance difference with CoPulsationtm
• Change in liner wear
• No teat swelling
• No teat wetting
• Improved teat end health
• Reduced SCC
• Increased production
• Increased duration of peak flow rate
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Summary • Significant proof exists showing that conventional milking
machines are the delivery system for mastitis
• CoPulsation solves the problems caused by conventional milking machines
• Quality milk, low antibiotic use and low cull rates can only be achieved with CoPulsation
• It is important that the other parts of the milking facility be correct – vacuum regulation, detacher settings, pipe size and design – Milk must flow freely from the cow
– Vacuum supply must be proper and consistent
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Lameness – a result of mastitis ?
• Mastitis causes udder pain
• Udder pain causes cows to hold feet further apart – Utrecht Mastitis Conf. 2011
• Incorrect hoof placement damages hoof causing lameness
Farmer in Ireland first noted significant hoof improvement with CoPulsation. Recent email from Ireland:
“Don’t forget to tell the Dutch about the cows feet, that is a big problem as well over there”
Typical lame cow
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Known Problems with Conventional Alfa Laval Agri United States Patent 5,697,323 Issued December 16, 1997 In milking machines currently marketed by Alfa Laval, the pulsation chamber…. The relatively strong milking vacuum is needed primarily for ensuring a safe attachment of the teat cups to the teats and, secondary, for achieving a rapid milking and a high milk yield. However, a disadvantage of such a strong milking vacuum is that it might treat the teats roughly, especially at the beginning and at the end of the milking interval when there is no or insignificant milk flow through one or more teats. Attempts have been made to eliminate this disadvantage by milking according to different…
WestfaliaSurge patent application: During traditional manual milking, which is a pressure milking method, almost the entire amount of milk present in the udder can be milked. In the machine suctional milking method there is a problem, first of all some quarters are milked too long although no more milk flow is present, and, on the other hand, in individual quarters, the milking process is ended too soon and therefore residual milk remains in the udder.
Delaval, WestfaliaSurge, Boumatic and others have known for many years that problems exist with their milking machines. They have made many attempts to solve those problems with no success. Goran Olofsson, past VP Engineering for Delaval: “you have done what I have tried to do for over 25 years”
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Liner Wear Evidence
• Massage action from CoPulsationtm changes liner wear
• Liner wear shows outline of teat
• Conventional pulsation does not change liner shape
Left two liners used with CoPulsationtm, right liner used with conventional pulsation
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Teat Study
Before milking: 30 mm After milking: 25 mm
Details published in International Dairy Topics
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Teats not milk-wetted
• Teats wetted with milk during milking process – contaminated with bacteria
• “ Since the milking machine is one of the best washing machine ever built, the teats are bathed with milk during the milking process. ” – Dr. Andy Johnson, 2000 NMC Annual Meeting
• CoPulsation does not wash the teat in milk
Glooved hand applied to teat just after machine removal – no milk present on teat
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Improved Teat End Health
• Teat end condition improved as pinching is eliminated
• Teat canal health also improved as scar tissue no longer created
Cow teat with Delaval
Same teat with CoPulsation 8 weeks later
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SCC Reduced
• SCC reduced as animals are consistently milked out each milking
• Bacteria not forced up teat canal
• Teat canal healthy and closes after milking
SCC data – original test farm
SCC Data for small commercial herd
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Udder Infections Reduced
• Small commercial herd
• Multi-year side-by-side study
• Significant reduction in both contagious and environmental mastitis
Milking System Cow Number Pathogen
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 1 none
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 2 Staph aureus
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 3 Strep Species
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 4 none
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 5 none
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 6 Staph species
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 7 none
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 8 none
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 9 Staph species, C. bovis
CoPulsationtm
Milking System 10 Staph species
Conventional 11 Staph aureus, Staph species Conventional 12 Staph aureus Conventional 13 none
Conventional 14 Staph aureus, Strep species, G. bacillus Conventional 15 Staph aureus, Staph species Conventional 16 Staph aureus Conventional 17 Staph aureus, C. bovis
Results published in International Dairy Topics
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Increased Production
• Production and butterfat increase with full milkout
• Empty udder keeps animal at peak production longer
• Highest butterfat in last milk removed
800 cow herd: within two months production increased 2.2kg and butterfat increased .3% yielding increased revenue of $8000US per month
Goat herd consisting of 54 goats: 40600kg in 2010, 50430kg in 2011 providing a 20% increase
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Production data: GEA to CoPulsation to GEA
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Additional Herd Production Data
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Milk Flow Rate
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Conventional CoPulsationtm Milking System
teat damage and irritation damage and liner crawl
CoPulsation provides a sustained peak let down. Liner crawl and liner squall eliminated as cows milk quickly in comfort
CoPulsation cows achieve milk flow rates as high as 4.5 to 6 kg/minute
12.3 kg yield 11.7 kg yield
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Cull Rate Reduced
• Cull rate reduced with fewer udder infections
– 20 per month prior
– 12 per month after 7 months
• Udders remain healthy
• Cow remains healthy Data for 400 cow herd switching to CoPulsation
Monthly cull rate data
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Scientific Evidence • University study (Journal of Dairy Science)
– 16:1 reduction in new Staph aureus infections – Study duration (1 year) too short to evaluate environmental mastitis,
more time required to improve teat canal health
• Multi-year side-by-side study (Int’l Dairy Topics) – Small commercial herd – University based data – SCC levels reduced 75% with CoPulsationtm – Overall mastitis levels reduced 50% with CoPulsationtm – Contagious mastitis virtually eliminated with CoPulsationtm
• Teat condition study (Int’l Dairy Topics) – No teat swelling caused by CoPulsationtm
• Milk flow study (Int’l Dairy Topics) – Peak flow rate maintained for about 2/3 of milking duration to only about 1/3 of
duration for conventional – Milking time about 10% to 20% faster with CoPulsationtm
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Performance benefits
• Compressive liner action massages teat for a gentle, pain free milking – No teat swelling, no canal damage, no milk wetting of teat
• Eliminates teat end pinching by liner, prevents reverse milking action by not forcing bacteria through the teat canal
– Calm cows, no liner crawl/squall
• Milk flow fully stops during rest phase allowing tissue around the teat canal to rest – No teat canal damage, canals close quickly
• No milk back flow – Prevents bacteria contamination of teat – Teats dry when machine is removed
• Efficient milk let down – Longer duration at peak let down – Quick completion of milk out works well with auto-detachers
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CoPulsation Milking System
• Pulsators
• Electronics
• Shells
• Liners
• Splitter Tees Parlor Style Pipeline Style
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Installations
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Cows milked with CoPulsationtm
Even udders that remain high and not dropped down
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Goats Milked with CoPulsationtm
• Goats milk quickly, no stepping, no pulling down on cluster
• SCC reduced, less than 500,000 all year achievable
• Increased production, less dumped milk – 20% increase in production for John Hall herd, SCC data below
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2010: GEA 2011: CoPulsationtm Milking System
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Questions to ask
• How will you cut antibiotic use by 50% in two years?
• How will you increase the average life of a dairy cow by 2 lactations by 2020?
• How will you prevent udder and teat damage?
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Summary
• Consider two conclusions:
– Mastitis is a symptom of management (Utrecht Mastitis Conference 2011)
– Mastitis is a result of a failure to provide the cow with the proper milking environment
• Given the information provided, which conclusion best supports the evidence and experience on dairy farms?
The dairy industry has taken the path of focusing on management for 50 years and still mastitis is the most expensive problem on the dairy farms
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CoPulsationtm Milking System
Making quality milk a priority!
Improves udder health of dairy herd in an animal friendly manner
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Period 2011
Period 2012
W.Schep, 140 cow herd, 2 x 6 DeLaval, since 04-2012
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‘No clinical cases during lactation for half a year’
Wim Bakker, 130 cow herd, 2 x 10 DeLaval
Since 04-2012
‘Constant scc, antibiotics on udderhealth cut in half’ Jan Brugging, 130 cow herd, 2 x 12 GEA
Since 05-2012
‘From one day to the other they stopped kicking..’
Hans Scholman, 100 cow herd, 2 x 8 Manus
Since 06-2012
‘Dunno why, but there’s no mastitis anymore’
Hans Scholman
References
1. Machine Milking, Irish Veterinary Journal, Volume 56, January 2003, author: Dr Eddie O’ Callaghan, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork, Ireland
2. Effect of liner design, pulsator setting, and vacuum level on bovine teat tissue changes, Irish Veterinary Journal, Volume 57, May 2004
3. Fluid Dairy Product Quality, Boor, Journal Dairy Science 84:1-11
4. See www.copulsation.com website and click on “Mastitis Conference Information & Research”
Copyright 2012
Conventional milking machines proven to cause problems
• Teat damage & teat swelling – Irish studies show conventional milking systems cause teat
swelling and physical damage (references 1, 2)
• One in four teat canals remain open during the dry period per Randy Dingwell, Atlantic Vet. College
• Teats wetted with milk and bacteria – “Since the milking machine is one of the best washing machine
ever built, the teats are bathed with milk during the milking process.” Dr. Andy Johnson, NMC meeting 2000
• More mastitis since converting from simultaneous to alternating pulsation (USDA replacement data)
• Teat ends pinched during liner closure (Dr. Forbes) – Pushes bacteria up teat canal
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Studies Proving Problems
• R. Dingwell – teat ends do not close
• Teagasc – teat swelling, canal damage
• U of Wash., Fox – Staph aureus spread
• G. Mein – flow rate slow down
• Forbes – reverse milk action
• U. MI – increase mastitis, lameness w/robot
• Udder dissection video
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