Microgrid Research at Mitsubishi

1. Microgrid in Japan

2. Melco’s Activity

3. Quality of power system

4. Microgrid Project in Hachinohe-city, Japan

5. Microgrid Project in Hsinchiang UighurAutonomous Region, China

6. Microgrid Project for condominium

2005-6-17

CONTENTSCONTENTS

Tadahiro Goda

2

Micro Grid in Japan

(1) Necessity or purpose

△○Power supply to island and/or remote place

○To ensure diversity of energy supply

○○To keep environmental condition

(ex. Reduction of Co2)

○○Reduction of energy cost

○Reduction of investiment in plant and equipment

Reduction of erection period

○Reliability of power Supply

JapanEUAmericaNecessity or Purpose

3

(2) Future plan of Japanese government for spread of renewable energy resource

4.2GW1.0GWGeneration by combustible waste

330MW70MWGeneration by biomass waste

3.0GW144MWWT

4.8GW330MWPV

20102000

(3) Support Program

METI(Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) and Ministry of Environment support to develop micro grid

- Budget of METI 120M$ / this year- Budget of Ministry of Environment 15M$ / this year

GeneratorYear

Microgrid in Japan

4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1996 2000 2010 2020 2030

（（GWGW））

Objectives of the 2010Objectives of the 2010--year year of PVof PV--system Installation plansystem Installation plan

●● Residential EnergyResidential Energy 3.9GW3.9GWnumber of PV installed 1M systemnumber of PV installed 1M system

●● Public system & Industrial systemPublic system & Industrial system0.9GW0.9GW

number of PV installed 18k systemnumber of PV installed 18k system

28.7GW28.7GW12.9B$12.9B$

82.8GW82.8GW21.4B$21.4B$

Microgrid in Japan

(4) Objectives of the 2030-year of PV-system Installation plan

4.8GW4.8GW4.5B$4.5B$

0.3GW0.3GW

5

(1) Melco classfies micro grid into 3 groupes

(2) Four jobs are in progress

This program starts at this AprilMinistry of Environment

Microgrid project for condominium

Feasible study starts at this AprilMETIMicrogrid project in Oki-island

Under production in Melco’sworks

METIMicrogrid project in Hachinohe-city

Under operationMETIMicrogrid project for Aichi EXPO

Under operationMETIMicrogrid project in Hsinchiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China

Existing stateSponsor

3000-small area network-condominium-island and remote area

renewable energy10MWSmall Scale

100Industrial parkheavy oil and/or coalrenewable energy100MWMiddle Scale

10-20Industrial complexheavy oil and/or coal1000MWLarge Scale

Market sizeApplicationFuelGeneration

capacity

Melco’s Activity

6

Power Network

Power GeneratorUsing renewable

energy

Co-generationequipment

Power and Heat

StorageHeat Load Power Load

Power Line

Steam and/or not-waters pipe

Energy Management System

IT Network

Microgrid

Power flow control at connection point Energy Balance Control in Microgrid

Melco’s Activity

(3) Basic system configuration of Microgrid

7

Melco’s Activity

(4) Operation Mode of Microgrid

1. Main purposes is to keep-reliability of power supply-power quality

2.Generator operation:F-V (or P-V) control

Island Mode

When blackout occurs in power network, Operation mode of microgrid changes from connection mode to island mode.

1.Main purposes are-reduction of energy cost- reduction of environmental burdens

2.Generator operation:P-θ(orP-Q) control

Connection Mode

NoteFeature

P: Active power Q: Reactive power θ: Power facterF: Frequency V: Voltage

8

PV FC BiomassWT

DeviceInverter

Microgrid

Melco’s Activity

(5) Melco’s products

Renewable energy technology

Power electronics

EMS

9

surge

(sec)10-6 10-4 10-2 100 102

Quality of power system

Pow

er Netw

orkS

cale of

Po

wer system

Micro G

rid

Big

Small

Big

harmonic

Waveformdistortion

Short circuit current

InstantaneousVoltage drop

Voltage flickerFrequencyvariation

Time

Over voltage

Under voltage

InterphaseLoad unbalance

Negative phaseCurrent problem

10

EMSEMS

apricot Digital

Primary School(47kW)

City Office (360kW）

Junior high School (59kW)

Engine-generator170kw×3

PV 50 kW

BT50 kW×2(800kWh)

6.6kV distribution power line(5km)

Gas holder

Wood chip Wood chip Boiler

Methane gaschamber

BoilerJunior high School

(49kW)

PV 10 ｋＷ

PV 10 ｋＷ

Primary School (50kW)WT 8ｋＷ

Exhaust gas

Methane gas

(1) System Configuration

WT 8ｋＷ

PV 10 ｋＷ

WT4ｋＷTohoku Electric Power Co.

Sewage works

Information network

Microgrid Project in Hachinohe-city

11

Digestion Gas holder(Capasity:6000m3)

Microgrid Project in Hachinohe-city

(2) Overview of Generation System at Sewage works

Gas Engine Generator Area

Wood chip boiler(Steam production:1t/h)

12

Microgrid Project in Hachinohe-city

(3) Renewable Generators

10kW PV System(installed at roof of city office and Junior high school)

8kW WT Generator(installed at primary school)

13

Gasholder

EMS

Power Network

Metering system

LoadLoad

Micro GridConnection

line

Digester chamber

Digestion gas

Control command

Private power line

PV WT

ＡＦＣ

Load forecast(Electric power and Heat)

Microgrid Project in Hachinohe-city

(4) Energy Management System

Digestion gasboiler

Wood chipboiler

1

Microgrid Project in Hachinohe-city

(5) Power System Analysis

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

10:08:43 10:08:47 10:08:51 10:08:55 10:08:59

(A) Inrush current of Induction Moter

Inrush current for elevator (IM:15kW)

Inru

sh

Time

Inru

sh

Time

Inrush current for Air condition (IM:37kW)

(a) Induction Moter for elevator

(Hz)

（S)

(B) Frequency drop caused by inrush current

(C) Effect of BT control

(a) Induction Moter for Air condition

(Hz)

（S)

46.5

47.0

47.5

48.0

48.5

49.0

49.5

50.0

50.5

0 2 4 6 8 10

二次電池制御無し

二次電池制御有り

Time(S)

(Hz)

Battery control

Non control

2

Engine generator(100kW) Home consumer

(40 families)

BT(80kW/400kWh

)

PV(60kW)

Shop andRestaurant

LocalController

LocalController

LocalController

PV(10kW)

VillageOffice

1. Electric Power GenerationEngine Generator 100kWPV 70kWBT 80kW (400kWh)

250kW

2. Peak Load 90kW (at night time)

3. Distribution feeder 380V /500m

(40)

(20)

0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

kW

Power consumption

PVEG

BT

Time

Load and Generation curve

Water cooling type

380V distribution feeder Line

Microgrid in Hsinchiang UighurAutonomous Region, China

Electric Pole

PV

Distribution line

Switch Room

3

Electric Pole

Distribution line

Switch Room(DG, BT, EMS)

Toll houseRestaurant Gas station

Police Station

Office

Hotel

Hospital

Highway

Microgrid in Hsinchiang UighurAutonomous Region, China

4

A宅ｶﾞｽｴﾝｼﾞﾝ燃料電池など

熱

電気

B宅

熱

電気

・・・

C宅

熱

電気

D宅

熱

電気

・・・

・

・

屋内LAN

個別制御装置

ルータ

蓄熱槽

蓄熱槽

熱・・・

・・・

・

・

LAN

Router

(1) System Configuration

Microgrid Project for condominium

Control Center

Internet

- Load forecast- Generation plan- Reporting- Accounting- Clearance

Power Network

- EDC- Power flow control at

connection point - metering

Condominium

Localcontroller

Connection Line

Generator & Battery

Heat Storage

House A House B

House C House D

5

35.5m

12m

38.5m

約4m52m

17.9m

7m12m

Elevator

Switch Room

Invetor

Load

FC

Battery

Single phase Power Line(100/200V)

GE GE GE GE GE GE

・・・ ・・・ ・・・

FC FC

Power network in condominium

Microgrid Project for condominium

(2) Model condominiumHigh-rise apartment building

Low-rise apartment building

Load Load

Three phase Power Line

(6.6kV)

ElevatorHigh-riseLow-rise

Induction Moterof RempandAirconditioner

Light for common

use

(Note) GE:Single PhaseGas Engine Generator(10kW x 12units)

FC:Fuel Cell1kW x 100units)

Power Network