Contact quality based forwarding strategy for delay tolerant network

Qaisar Ayub, Sulma Rashid, M.Soperi Mohd Zahid, Abdul Hanan Abdullah

Adviser:Frank. Yeong-Sung LinPresent by Li-Min Zheng

Agenda

IntroductionThe review of DTN routing protocolsSystem modelSimulations and results Conclusion

Introduction

Introduction

The ad hoc protocols maintain routing information about intermediate links from source to destination before the transmission of data.

These privileges are impossible in delay tolerant network, where frequency of disconnections is high due to network partitioning, node movement, dynamic topology change and periodic shutdown of low energy nodes.

The applications such as wildlife monitoring, military and urban areas network are possessed with such attributes.

Introduction

In delay tolerant network, the message transmission is achieved via intermittent opportunistic connections by adopting store carry and forward paradigm wherein node stores an incoming message in its buffer, carries it while moving, and forwards when comes within the transmission range of other nodes.

The DTN routing protocols can be either single copy or multi-copy.

single copy multi-copy.

Introduction

Consider a city-based environment partitioned into multiple regions caused by the intersection of buildings.

Pedestrians Bus Trains cars cabs

DTN in city-based environment good-quality nodes message drops

Introduction

We have proposed message forwarding strategy called as Contact Quality Based Forwarding Strategy(CQBFS) for city based environments composed of heterogeneous network traffic, including pedestrians, cars, city buses, trains and cabs.

We have monitored the current activity of nodes by modifying the transmit factor and drop factor with detailed algorithmic descriptions.

We have proposed an efficient buffer management quality impact based buffer management policy to reduce the impact of message drop on the network throughput.

We have analyzed the performance of existing and proposed strategy by the real time trace Sassy and Helsinki city Finland with well known routing protocols such as PRoPHET,Epidemic, Maxprop and Time to live(TTL)basedrouting.

The review of DTN routing protocols

The review of DTN routing protocols

The review of DTN routing protocols

System model

System Model

System Model

Model Name:Contact quality based forwarding strategy (CQBFS)

The existing probabilistic models compute quality value for a node in terms of delivery probability that is based on encountering frequency to meet message destination.

The proposed CQBFS modifies the operational architecture of transmit and drop factor(Ayub et al.,2013a) along with quality impact based buffer management policy and presents the comprehensive algorithmic descriptions of designed methodology by using following fourmodules:

Self-Statistical Update Module(SSUM) Neighboring Statistical Update

Module(NSUM) Quality Update Module(QUM) Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS)

System Model

System Model

Self-Statistical Update Module(SSUM)

System Model

System Model

Neighboring Statistical Update Module(NSUM)

The following four vectors are used to store the statistics about neighboring nodes:

(i) Recent Encounter Vector (REV)(ii) Trans- mit Count Vector (TCV)(iii) Drop Count Vector (DCV) (iv) Receive Count Vector (RCV).

System Model

Neighboring Statistical Update Module(NSUM)

Recent Encounter Vector (REV)

System Model

Neighboring Statistical Update Module(NSUM)

Transmit Count Vector (TCV)

System Model

Neighboring Statistical Update Module(NSUM)

Drop Count Vector (DCV)

System Model

Neighboring Statistical Update Module(NSUM)

Receive Count Vector (RCV).

System Model Neighboring Statistical Update

Module(NSUM)

System Model

System Model

Quality Update Module(QUM)

(i) DF(Drop fator)(ii) TF(Trasmit factor)(iii) QV(Quality vector)

System Model

Quality Update Module(QUM)

System Model

Quality Update Module(QUM)

System Model

Quality Update Module(QUM)

System Model

System Model

Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS)

The CQB scheduler consists of

(i) Message Forwarding Unit (MFU)(ii) Buffer Management Unit (BMU)

System Model

Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS) Message Forwarding Unit (MFU)

System Model

Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS) Buffer Management Unit (BMU)

In the proposed buffer scheduling policy, we have used a vector titled as Quality Impact Vector (QIV).

The quality impact vector consists of Message Id and its Quality Impact (QI).

The QI has different meanings for source and relay. source message relay message

System Model

Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS) Buffer Management Unit (BMU)

System Model

Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS) Buffer Management Unit (BMU)

System Model Contact Quality Scheduler(CQS)

Simulations and results

Simulations and results

The assessment of routing protocols has been investigated under ONE (Keränen et al., 2009) simulator. ONE is a discrete event simulator written in JAVA and has been particularly used by a numerous researchers to analyze the disrupted store- carry-forward applications.

We have compared the CQBFS with PRoPHET, Epidemic MAXPROP and TTL based routing protocols in terms of minimizing the number of transmissions, message drop, overhead and increasing delivery ratio.

Two Scenario: SCENARIO-01: real time trace sassy SCENARIO-02: Helsinki city based environment

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-01: real time trace sassy The trace consists of 25 mobile devices carried by the

pedestrians.

In scenario 1 the proposed CQBFS is compared with PRoPHET, Epidemic, Maxprop and TTL based routing protocols under the metric of

transmissions message drop delivery ratio

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-01: real time trace sassy

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-01: real time trace sassy

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-01: real time trace sassy

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-02: Helsinki city based environment

Consists of heterogeneous traffic :(i) Pedestrians (20 each community , 0.5 km/h to 1.5

km/h, 2MB)(ii) Cars (20 each community ,3 km/h to 7 km/h ,2MB)(iii) Cabs (20, 3 km/h to 14 km/h , 2MB)(iv) Trams (3, 7 km/h to 10 km/ h ,50MB)(v) Buses (3, 7 km/h to 10 km/ h ,50MB)

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-02: Helsinki city based environment

In scenario 2 we have compared the proposed CQFS with PRoPHET, Epidemic and TTL based routing protocols based on

delivery ratio end-to-end delay hop count average

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-02: Helsinki city based environment

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-02: Helsinki city based environment

Simulations and results

SCENARIO-02: Helsinki city based environment

Conclusion

Conclusion

In this paper, we have proposed Contact Quality Based For- warding Strategy that observes the quality of current contact in terms of its ability to carry the received messages. The various heuristics were used to determine the accuracy of suitable inter- mediate node as a message carrier. Moreover, a buffer manage- ment policy was proposed to reduce the impact of message drop on network throughput. We have measured the accuracy of existing and proposed forwarding by using real time mobility traces such as Sassy and Helsinki city. The proposed CQBFS out- performs existing PRoPHET, Epidemic, Maxprop and TTL based routing protocols in terms of minimizing the transmissions, delivery delay, hop count average and raising the delivery ratio.

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