ConjunctivaConjunctiva

ConjunctivaConjunctiva

It is a mucous membrane covering the inner It is a mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelids and reflecting to cover surface of the eyelids and reflecting to cover the anterior part of the eyeball over the the anterior part of the eyeball over the sclera, upto the corneal margin.sclera, upto the corneal margin.

Discussion

• Parts and structure of the conjunctiva

• Disease of the conjunctiva

• Complications

Part of the conjunctivaPart of the conjunctiva

• Palpebral Palpebral It consists of marginal, tarsal and orbital part. It It consists of marginal, tarsal and orbital part. It

is firmly adherent to the deeper tissue.is firmly adherent to the deeper tissue.

• BulbarBulbarIt lies over the sclera and it is freely mobileIt lies over the sclera and it is freely mobile

• FornixFornix It is the junction of palpebral and bulbar conjunctivaIt is the junction of palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva

• LimbalLimbal It is the junction of cornea and conjunctivaIt is the junction of cornea and conjunctiva

Structure of the conjunctivaStructure of the conjunctiva

• EpitheliumEpithelium

• Sub epithelium layerSub epithelium layer

• Fibrous layerFibrous layer

Nerve and blood supplyNerve and blood supply

• Nerve supply: Trigeminal 5Nerve supply: Trigeminal 5thth Crainal nerve Crainal nerve

• Blood supply:Blood supply: – Ciliary arteryCiliary artery– Lacrimal arteryLacrimal artery– Nasal arteryNasal artery

Disease of the conjunctivaDisease of the conjunctiva

• Any inflammation in the conjunctiva is called Any inflammation in the conjunctiva is called conjunctivitis.conjunctivitis.

Classification of conjunctivitisClassification of conjunctivitis

• InfectiveInfective

• AllergicAllergic

InfectiveInfective

• CatarrhalCatarrhal

• SerousSerous

• Muco-purulentMuco-purulent

• PurulentPurulent

• MembraneousMembraneous

Inflammatory conditionInflammatory condition

• Trachoma : Chronic inflammation of cornea andTrachoma : Chronic inflammation of cornea and conjunctivaconjunctiva

Allergic conjunctivitisAllergic conjunctivitis

• Non specific urticarial reaction due to a Non specific urticarial reaction due to a large amount of allergen reaching the large amount of allergen reaching the conjunctival sac.conjunctival sac.

Phlycenular conjunctivitisPhlycenular conjunctivitis

• It is an allergic reaction of the conjunctiva It is an allergic reaction of the conjunctiva caused by endogenous bacteria. It is caused by endogenous bacteria. It is characterised by bleb or nodule formation characterised by bleb or nodule formation near the limbus.near the limbus.

Vernal conjunctivitisVernal conjunctivitis

• It is an allergic condition caused by It is an allergic condition caused by exogenous allergens.exogenous allergens.

PingueculaPinguecula

• A yellowish triangular deposit on the A yellowish triangular deposit on the conjunctiva near the limbus.conjunctiva near the limbus.

PterygiumPterygium

• A triangular fold of tissue mass to invade A triangular fold of tissue mass to invade the cornea covered by conjunctival the cornea covered by conjunctival epithelium.epithelium.

DermoidDermoid

• A solid mass at the limbus area.A solid mass at the limbus area.

Squamas cell carcinomaSquamas cell carcinoma

• It appears as a slightly elevated, fleshy It appears as a slightly elevated, fleshy mass with tuft of blood vessels at the mass with tuft of blood vessels at the limbus.limbus.

Conjuctival xerosisConjuctival xerosis

• A dry, lusterless condition of the A dry, lusterless condition of the conjunctiva.conjunctiva.

Sub conjunctival heamorrhageSub conjunctival heamorrhage

• Spontaneous rupture of conjunctival blood Spontaneous rupture of conjunctival blood vessels.vessels.