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Congress II
I. Intro
II. From a bill to a law
Six Steps
IV. Conc.
Key Terms• Hearing• Mark-up• Filibuster• Cloture• Earmarking (Pork-
Barrel Projects)
For A Bill To Become Law:
• A majority vote of support is needed in both the House & Senate.
• The House & Senate version of the bill must be exactly the same.
Step One: Introduction of a Bill
House Senate President
Given a number Read out-loud Referred to
Committee
Given a number Read out-loud Referred to
Committee
Can propose legislation, but no actual power
Step One
HR # 755
1.Raise the minimum wage to $10.00 per hour.
Step Two: In Committee
House Senate President
Hearings & Markup
Recommended action: pass or kill
Rules for debate are set
Hearings & Markup
Recommended action: pass or kill
No specific power or authority
Step Two: In Committee
Baseball players testifying at a Congressional Hearing
A bill is literally “marked-up” with its changes
Tobacco Executives Testifying
Step Two: In Committee
HR # 755
1.Raise the minimum wage to $10.00 per hour. 9.00
2.Overtime for people working over 40 hours per week is $20.00 per hour.
Based on the testimony at the hearings, the original bill is “marked-up” or modified.
Step Three: On the Floor(Full House/Senate)
House Senate President
Debate Earmarking Vote-(majority)
Debate Earmarking Vote-(majority)
No specific power or authority
Filibuster (Senate Only)
• One Senator (or a group) engage(s) in continuous speech, bringing to a halt ALL Senate activity.
• Only if they:– Keep talking– Remain standing
Today, they usually just “talk” an issue to death{
• Cloture Vote: Ends a filibuster (60 votes are required).
Filibuster
Jimmy Stewart Strom Thurmond
(24 hours & 18 minutes)
Ear-marking or Pork-Barrel Projects
• Funding for a specific project in a member’s district; it brings money and/or jobs.
Press Conference at WSCC(11/29/04)
WSCC received $400,000 to retrain displaced workers
HR # 755
1.Raise the minimum wage to $9.00 per hour.
2.Overtime for people working over 40 hours per week is $20.00 per hour.
SB # 130
1.Raise the minimum wage to $11.00 per hour.
2.Overtime for people working over 40 hours per week is $15.00 per hour.
Step Four: In Conference
House Senate President
Committee made up of House & Senate members must reach a compromise on different versions
No specific power or authority
Step Four: Conference
HR # 755
1.Raise the minimum wage to $9.00 per hour.
2.Overtime for people working over 40 hours per week is $20.00 per hour.
SB # 130
1.Raise the minimum wage to $11.00 per hour.
2.Overtime for people working over 40 hours per week is $15.00 per hour.
$10.00 $10.00
$17.50 $17.50
Step Five: Vote on Compromise
House Senate President
Compromise version is accepted by majority of House
Compromise version is accepted by majority of Senate
No specific power or authority
Step Six: Sent to the President
House Senate President
Veto Override (if necessary by a 2/3 vote)
Veto Override (if necessary by a 2/3 vote)
Signs, vetoes or does nothing
Congress II
I. Intro
II. From a bill to a law
Six Steps
IV. Conc.
Key Terms• Mark-up• Filibuster• Cloture• Earmarking (Pork-
Barrel Projects)
