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Computing at Météo-
France
CAS 2003, Annecy
1. News from computers
2. News from models
Fujitsu VPP 5000/31
dec 1999 – june 2003
31 PE
297.6 Gflops
208 Gbytes main memory
Crossbar 2x1,6 GB/s
CAS 2003, Annecy
VPP 5000/64 and VPP
5000/60 june 2003 – sept 2006
Research system : 64 PE
614.4 Gflops
300 GBytes main memory
Operations system : 60 PE
576 Gflops
280 GBytes main memory
CAS 2003, Annecy
Final configuration
SYS-OP (60)SYS-RD (64)
3400 GB 2680 GB
File server
HIPPI switch
CAS 2003, Annecy
HIPPI switch
2 HIPPI links
Météo-France computing
centre
CAS 2003, Annecy
HIPPI 800 Mbit/s
Switching bandwith 64 Gbit/s
STK silos 150 TB
SGI O2K
H-P servers
Operations & development
Workstations
Fujitsu VPP’s
Historical point of view
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Cray 2
C98-4
Cray 2
C98-8
J916
VPP700E
VPP5000-31
VPP5000-64
VPP5000-60
CAS 2003, Annecy
Performance and the Moore
law
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puissance crête puissance soutenue loi de Moore
CAS 2003, Annecy
Archived data volume and the
Moore law 1
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volume loi de Moore
CAS 2003, Annecy
Archiving system main requirements
CAS 2003, Annecy
Phase A (march 2004) :
230 TB, 8.5 M files, I/O : 2.5 –5.2 TB/day
Phase B (sept 2004) :
360 TB, 12 M files, I/O : 3.4 – 7.1 TB/day
Phase C (sept 2005) :
560 TB, 17 M files, I/O : 4.5 –9.4 TB/day
During all three phases :
4 days on disk cache
75 % of data must be accessed in less than 45 seconds
100 % of data must be accessed in less than 340 seconds
Computing at Météo-France
part 2 : News from models
CAS 2003, Annecy
CAS 2003, Annecy
IntegratedForecastingSystem
A numerical weather prediction system developed and supported by Météo-France and the European Centre (ECMWF)Includes all contituents needed for global numerical prediction : A global spectral model (and associated
tangent linear and adjoint models) 3D et 4D-VAR global assimilation etc
Action deRecherchePetiteEchelleGrandeEchelle
CAS 2003, Annecy
ECMWF (European Centre forMedium-range Weather Forecast)
Reading – United KingdomGlobal spectral model T511, 60 levels (up to 0.1 hPa). « Linear » (lat/lon) grid, 35 to 40 km. « Semi-lagrangian, semi-implicit » temporal integration, time step 20’.Forecasts up to 10 days, starting at 12 UTC every day4D-VAR assimilation on a 12h window, through 2 minimisations at T159 (increment resolution)Ensemble forecast (EPS - Ensemble Prediction System) through 51 integrations of the same model, with resolution T255 / 40 levels
CAS 2003, Annecy
Grid for the ARPEGE model
The ARPEGE global model
Global spectral model
TL358 C2.4, 41 levelsAssociated grid: 23 km (France)
133 km (antipodes)
Representation on the globe with stretching and turning of the pole over the interest zone
Collaboration with ECMWF
CAS 2003, Annecy
The ARPEGE-Tropiques model
• Uniform resolution
- horizontal grid without stretching (TL359 grid)
- vertical levels unchanged (41 levels)
• Run once a day
from 00 UTC up to 72h range
CAS 2003, Annecy
The ALADIN project
Genesis
• Project started by Météo-France in 1990• A mutually beneficial collaboration with National
Meteorological Services of Central and Eastern Europe concerning numerical prediction
• Acronym: Aire Limitée, Adaptation dynamique, Développement InterNational = Limited Area, dynamical Adaptation, InterNational Development
CAS 2003, Annecy
The ALADIN project
Different operational domains
CAS 2003, Annecy
The Aladin-France limited area model
• A spectral model
• Domain: – a square 2740 km in side, centered on the point of maximal
resolution of Arpège
• Vertical levels: – same as Arpège (41)
• Horizontal resolution – (9 km) ~ 2.5 × max resolution in Arpège
• Coupling: – applied every three hours to the global model Arpège
Principles of 4D-VAR assimilation
9h 12h 15h
Assimilation window
Jb
Jo
Jo
Jo
obs
obs
obs
analysis
xa
xbcorrectedforecast
previousforecast
CAS 2003, Annecy
A short description of the 4D-VAR used at Météo-France (Toulouse) since June 2000
Minimization window 6h (maximum)INCREMENTAL technique: increments are evaluated by 2 minimizations at T107 and T149 (c=1) for the T358/c2.4 modelStructure functions are not separableOBSERVATIONS WE USE: conventional, satellite winds, ATOVS radiances (no diffusiometer data)Weak constraint based on digital filters (also used to smoothen the trajectory after the last minimization)
CAS 2003, Annecy
Operational use of models at Météo-France (June 2002)
• ARPEGE model (variable mesh), routine run 4 times a day– starting 00h UTC, until 96h– starting 06h UTC, until 42h– starting 12h UTC, until 72h– starting 18h UTC, until 30h
• Uniform ARPEGE model, routine run once a day– starting 00h UTC, until 72h
• ALADIN/France model, routine run 4 times a day– coupled to the corresponding ARPEGE model that gives boundary
conditions and initial conditions, until the same forecast ranges
• Initial conditions are given by a 4D-VAR assimilation – run on 6h long time windows, centered on each of 00, 06, 12 and 18h
UTC.– ARPEGE/Tropiques has its own 4D-Var. – Digital Filter Initialisation (DFI) is used for ARPEGE and ALADIN.
CAS 2003, Annecy
Other operational models
• Oceanography : the MERCATOR project– North-Atlantic & Mediterranean sea : high
resolution model (1/15°)– Global ocean : low resolution model (2°)– 6 PEs (8 GB), 6 hours, 1week(http://www.mercator.com.fr/html/science/concept_en.html)
• Ocean wave models
• Pollutant dispersion models
CAS 2003, Annecy
Research models
• Climate model : ARPEGE-Climat– TL63 or TL159C2.5
– 31 or 60 levels
– TL63 L31 used for seasonal forecasting
• Mesoscale model : MESO-NH– Mesoscale non-hydrostatic model
– Joint development with Laboratoire d’Aérologie (Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier)
(http://www.aero.obs-mip.fr/mesonh/index2.html)
CAS 2003, Annecy
Météo-France plans for 2000-2010 concerning Numerical Weather Prediction
• Optimization of the ARPEGE-ALADIN system• mainly for physics, observation use and assimilation algorithms
• AROME project (Application de la Recherche à l’Opérationnel à Méso-Échelle = Applying Research to Operational use at Meso Scale) • NWP system with a 2-3 km horizontal mesh over France in about 2008-2010
• Target • more concern for short-range prediction of dangerous phenomena (eg.
precipitations), together with a greater coordination with other organizations using such predictions (eg. hydrologist)
CAS 2003, Annecy
Météo-France cooperations concerning NWP
ECMWFALADIN communityHIRLAM
EUMETSAT (SAF)Spatial Agencies
CAS 2003, Annecy
AROME PROJECT
• NH model based on existing dynamics in ALADIN.
• Largely derived from Meso-NH for physical parameterizations.
• Specific meso-scale data assimilation system (inspired from existing ALADIN 3D-VAR to start with).
CAS 2003, Annecy
Regional use of observations for AROME
• Priority on infra-red radiances and imagery from new satellites, and on radar observations.
• Use of all surface regional and national networks
• Use of other satellite data: micro-waves, GPS (especially ground-based), lidar winds.
