Computers Nowadays

8/14/2019 Computers Nowadays

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Ministry of Education of Republic of Moldova

Technical University of Moldova

Radioelectronics and Telecommunications Faculty

English Chair

REPORT

Theme: Computers Nowadays

Made by:

Baranov Elena

student of TLC 072group

Verified by :urcanu Viorica

University lecturer


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Chisinau !!"

Computers Nowadays

Computer, machine that performs tasks, such as mathematical calculations or electronic

communication, under the control of a set of instructions called a program. Programs

usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computers

electronics, and the program results are stored or routed to output devices, such as video

display monitors or printers. Computers are used to perform a wide variety of activities with

reliability, accuracy, and speed.

People use computers in a wide variety of ways. In homes, tiny computers embedded in

the electronic circuitry of most appliances control the indoor temperature, operate home

security systems, tell the time, and turn videocassette recorders on and off. Computers in

automobiles regulate the flow of fuel, thereby increasing gas mileage. Computers also

entertain, creating digitized sound on stereo systems or computer-animated features from

a digitally encoded laser disc. Computer programs, or applications, eist to aid every level

of education, from programs that teach simple addition or sentence construction toprograms that teach advanced calculus. Computers are used etensively in scientific

research to solve mathematical problems, display complicated data, or model systems that

are too costly or impractical to build, such as testing the air flow around the net

generation of space shuttles. !he military employs computers in sophisticated

communications to encode and unscramble messages, and to keep track of personnel and

supplies

"ince the first computer was made in the late fifties, the technology has

developed etremely. Computers which took the place of a living-room then,

are now being made in creditcard-formats. #ore and more areas are being

taken over by the computer.

$s computers are capable of handling large amounts of data in a very short

time, they are well suited for wordprocessing. I guess that it wont be

long till all the paper-archives are replaced by magnetic tapes and

diskettes. $ diskette can contain much more data than a written page, and

it takes less place It is possible to get the %orwegian telephone book on


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&ust one diskette.

In near future, a new area will be taken over by computers, namely maps.

'ifferent routes are stored on one single compact-disk. Imagine, simply

insert the C' into the C'-driver in your car, and tell the computer where

to go. !he rest will be done automatically. !his will be a safer, faster,

and more comfortable way to travel.

$nother new area, called (virtual reality( is currently being tested. !his

is a way to simulate reality on a monitor. In order to feel this so-called

reality you have to wear special electronic glasses and an electronic suit.

)astened to the suit are sensors, which send information to the main

computer. !his computer works with the data and displays them on the

electronic spectacles. !his is a techni*ue which use three-dimentional

views, therefore the scenery seems incredibly realistic. If you want to be

a boer, simply change the scenery on the main computer, and you are in the

ring.

!oday, many kids have got video games. +ou could say these games are the

presents answer to ludo and monopoly. In a way, it is a great advantage

that the kids are being presented to computers at an early age, because

they will definitely have to use them later, when they start to work. In

the future there will be few occupations which wont use computors, one way

or another. ut the videogames are often being presented as something

negative, which hinder the kids from doing homework and other more useful

activities. !his partially true, if they do much of it. ut generally, I

think the young peoples contact with computers is positive.

In %orway today, it is getting more common to have a computer at home. +ou

can use a personal computer to keep household-budgets or other economics.

It is also possible to get in touch with your bank and transwer money while

youre in your sitting-room.

It is possible to contact other databases and gather information from them.

!he use of computers has lead to other criminal actions. (acking( is oneof them. $ (hacker( steals and manipulates information from other databases.

!hese crimes can be very harmful. In !he "$, hackers have managed to break

into %$"$s database.


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!he computer-programmes, the software, are etremely high priced, sometimes

they are even more epensive than the hardware. !herefore it is not unusual

to make copies of these programmes. !his is strictly illegal, but nobody

seems to care, because it is difficult to control it. "oftware producers

loose I//I0%" of dollars each year because of this.

#any methods have been invented to prevent this, but since the (hackers(

often are more intelligent than those who make the software, I doubt that

there will ever be a successfull way to hinder this.

Computing professions and disciplines

In the developed world, virtually every profession makes use of computers. owever,

certain professional and academic disciplines have evolved that specialize in techni*ues to

construct, program, and use computers. !erminology for different professional disciplines

is still somewhat fluid and new fields emerge from time to time1 however, some of the

ma&or groupings are as follows1

Computer engineering is the branch of electrical engineering that focuses both on

hardware and software design, and the interaction between the two.

Computer science is an academic study of the processes related to computation,

such as developing efficient algorithms to perform specific tasks. It tackles

*uestions as to whether problems can be solved at all using a computer, how

efficiently they can be solved, and how to construct efficient programs to compute

solutions. $ huge array of specialties has developed within computer science to

investigate different classes of problems.

"oftware engineering concentrates on methodologies and practices to allow the

development of reliable software systems while minimizing, and reliably estimating,

costs and timelines.

Information systems concentrates on the use and deployment of computer systems

in a wider organizational 2usually business3 contet.

#any disciplines have developed at the intersection of computers with other

professions4 one of many eamples is eperts in geographical information systems

who apply computer technology to problems of managing geographical information.


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!here are two ma&or professional societies dedicated to computers, the $ssociation for

Computing #achinery and I555 Computer "ociety.

Summary:

%owadays, the world is full of new inventions, different technologies that make our lives

more interesting, dynamic and easier. Computer is the child of 67 thcenturys sensations.

#any people are convinced that computer isnt very important and necessary for

people, but they are for away from reality.

)irst of all computer replaces the man or lightens a lot the mans work in many economical

branches. $ lot of companies and factories are e*uipped with computers that are provided

with the corresponding soft ware, so their &ob is done more *uickly and efficiently.

$nother 8step of computers that saves out spare time is the Internet access. If you

need some information its enough &ust to click a link and the material that you are

searching for will appear immediately.Computer has also a big importance for the international relations. !hanks to Internet it is

possible the connection and communication between people from different parts of the

world. %ow people learn and compare information possibilities in ordinary libraries with

the ones which use electronic facilities.

!here is a well know, saying that 6 heads are better than one. !his means that 6 ways of

thinking about an idea are better &ust one way.

Dictionary:

perform - a eecuta, a efectua

embedded - a 9ncastra, a zidi

handle : a m9nui, a controla, a manipuladata - date

storage - acumulare,memorare

simulate - a simula


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display - afi;are,epunere

database - baz< de date

machine - ma;in


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http1==en.wikipedia.org=wiki=Computer

http1==www.essayworld.com=essays=computer=>[email protected]

http1==www.referat.ro

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Computers Nowadays