Composites - overview Composites - overview

Artificial combination of matrix phase & dispersed phase Artificial combination of matrix phase & dispersed phase

Matrix:metal, alloyceramic mat'lpolymer

Matrix:metal, alloyceramic mat'lpolymer

Dispersed phase:particulatefiber

Dispersed phase:particulatefiber

Composites - metal matrix composites (MMCs) Composites - metal matrix composites (MMCs)

Particulates:ThO2-dispersed Ni (TD Ni)sintered Al powder (SAP)

Particulates:ThO2-dispersed Ni (TD Ni)sintered Al powder (SAP)

- except strengthening maintained at hi T- except strengthening maintained at hi T

Improves:strengthcreep resistancehi T corrosion resistance

Improves:strengthcreep resistancehi T corrosion resistance

Works like precipitation hardeningWorks like precipitation hardening

Composites - metal matrix composites (MMCs) Composites - metal matrix composites (MMCs)

Fibers:Conts - C, SiC, B, Al2O3

Disconts - C, Al2O3 , SiC whiskers

Fibers:Conts - C, SiC, B, Al2O3

Disconts - C, Al2O3 , SiC whiskers

May get rxn betwn phases at hi TMay get rxn betwn phases at hi T

Matrix mat'lsMatrix mat'ls

Composites - ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) Composites - ceramic matrix composites (CMCs)

Particulates, fibers:SiC, B, Al2O3 , C, SiC & Si3N4

whiskers

Particulates, fibers:SiC, B, Al2O3 , C, SiC & Si3N4

whiskers

Improve fracture toughness:Improve fracture toughness:

slow crack growthdeflect crack tipsredistribute stresses around crack

tipsbridge crack tips

slow crack growthdeflect crack tipsredistribute stresses around crack

tipsbridge crack tips

MatrixMatrix

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

CompositesComposites

Fibers - variablesamountfiber lengthdistributionorientation

Fibers - variablesamountfiber lengthdistributionorientation

Fiber orientation can berandom aligned intermediate

Fiber orientation can berandom aligned intermediate

Crystal whiskers - SiC Crystal whiskers - SiC

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Fibers:mainly - glass (GFRPs), carbon (CFRPs),

aramid,others - B, SiC, Al2O3

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Carbon fibers frequently used as woven fabrics impregnated with an epoxyCarbon fibers frequently used as woven fabrics impregnated with an epoxy

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Woven carbon fiber fabrics in auto industry -Woven carbon fiber fabrics in auto industry -

2006 BMW M6 - roof (unpainted)2006 BMW M6 - roof (unpainted)

'vette Z06 - front fenders, wheel wells, floor'vette Z06 - front fenders, wheel wells, floorPorsche Carrera GT ($440,000) - framePorsche Carrera GT ($440,000) - frame

Scion accessories - gear shift knob ($49), fuel-filler door ($39), roof pillar appliqués ($75-189), etc.

Scion accessories - gear shift knob ($49), fuel-filler door ($39), roof pillar appliqués ($75-189), etc.

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) MatrixMatrix

Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs) Composites - polymer matrix composites (PMCs)

Very common - polyesters, vinyl estersVery common - polyesters, vinyl esters

CompositesComposites

Role of matrix in FR composites:a. transfer stresses betwn fibersb. provide barrier to environmentc. protect fibers

Role of matrix in FR composites:a. transfer stresses betwn fibersb. provide barrier to environmentc. protect fibers

Matrix/fiber bond:matrix must wet fiber physical & chemical bond desirablemechanical interlocking

Matrix/fiber bond:matrix must wet fiber physical & chemical bond desirablemechanical interlocking

Fibers frequently coated w/ coupling agentFibers frequently coated w/ coupling agent

non-couplednon-coupled

CompositesComposites

coupledcoupled

CompositesComposites

Fibers - variablesamountfiber lengthdistributionorientation

Fibers - variablesamountfiber lengthdistributionorientation

CompositesComposites

Fibers - variablesamountfiber lengthdistributionorientation

Fibers - variablesamountfiber lengthdistributionorientation

Fiber orientation can berandom aligned intermediate

Fiber orientation can berandom aligned intermediate

CompositesComposites

CompositesComposites