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INTERACTIONS AND ADAPTATIONS
Competition
Two major types of interactions between organisms include competition and predation
Competition: the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resourceIf two organisms occupy the same niche, one will
eventually die offOrganisms that survive have adaptations that allow
them to reduce competition
Video: Animal Defenses
Predation
• Predation: an interaction in which one organism kills another for food
• Predator: the organism that does the killing
• Prey: the organism that is killed • Ex. Tiger shark and albatross, snake and mouse
Video: Shark and turtle
Adapting to the Environment Natural Selection: a process by which
individuals that are adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others of the same speciesoffspring also live and reproduce
http://www.brainpop.com/science/ecologyandbehavior/naturalselection/
Adapting to the Environment Adaptations: the behaviors and
physical characteristics that allow organisms to live successfully in their environmentsovertime poorly suited characteristics may
disappear from the species, favorable characteristics will be passed down from generation to generation.
Predator/Prey Adaptations Predator Adaptations: adaptations that
help predators catch and kill their prey
Prey Adaptations: adaptations that help organisms avoid becoming prey
Defense Strategies include:mimicry, false coloring, protective
covering, and warning coloring, chemicals
(adaptation game)
Niche
Every organism has a variety of adaptations that are suited to its specific living conditions.
Niche: the role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its livingIncludes type of food it eats, how it gets its
food, who uses it as food, when and how it reproduces, and any physical conditions it needs to survive
Symbiosis
A close relationship between two species that benefits as least one of the species
http://www.brainpop.com/science/ecologyandbehavior/symbiosis/
Mutualism
Both species benefit from the relationship
They are so dependent on each other that they could not live with out each other.
Video: Ancient Farmers of the Amazon
Commensalism
When one species in the relationship benefits and the other does not get helped or harmed by the relationship
Elf Owl lives in a cactus
Parasitism One organism living
on or inside another organism and is harming it. Parasite: the organism
that benefitsHost: the organism it
lives in or onThe parasite is usually
smaller than the host
Video: Unlikely Travel Companions
Coyotes and Jackrabbits
You will get 3 different sizes of paperBlue= coyoteBrown= rabbitsRed= habitat
You start out with 5 rabbits equally spaced, and dropping the coyote once.
Fill in the table as you go. Stop playing after 22 population cycles