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COLORADO’S MULTIMETRIC
INDEX AND THRESHOLD
CONCEPTS
WQCD - Sabin Room - February 18, 2009
TOPICS FOR TODAY
Recap MMI
Transition Zones and Fuzzy Set Site Classes
Threshold Concepts
Upcoming Topics
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MULTIMETRIC INDEX (MMI)
Designed to assess biological condition by
examining aquatic macroinvertebrates
Based on Reference and Stressed sites
Output is a unitless score (0-100 scale)
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MMI DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Collect, compile, & QC data
Identify Reference and Stressed sites
Site classification (Fuzzy Sets)
Calculate metrics
Find discriminating metrics (each site class)
Score metrics
Combine scores in an Index (determined by site
class)
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CURRENT MMI VERSION 2.0
Based on additional Reference and Stressed Sites
Utilizes Fuzzy Set Site Classification Technique
Elevation of the point
Slope of the stream at the point
Precipitation (average) at the point
High and Low Index
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OLD HARD-LINE BIOREGIONS
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FUZZY SET SITE CLASSIFICATION
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ELEVATION FUZZY SET DEGREE OF
MEMBERSHIP
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COARSE FUZZY SET PREDICTIVE SITE CLASSES
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CONCEPTUAL SITE CLASSES
1. Mid-elevation, semi-cold, low gradient, moist
2. High elevation, cold-water sites
3. Mid-elevation, semi-cold, high gradient, drier
4. Low/mid-elevation, transitional temperature, low
gradient, drier
5. Low elevation, warm-water, low gradient, dry
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FINAL MMI METRICS
HIGH INDEX
• Clinger Taxa
• EPT Taxa
• Predator/Shredder Taxa
• HBI
• Total Taxa
LOW INDEX
• Clinger-sprawler percent
• Coleoptera percent
• Insect taxa
• Non-insect percent of taxa
• Predator-shredder taxa
• Sensitive plains familiesSITE CLASS
PREDICTION
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4,5
1,2,3
TRANSITION ZONE CASE
STUDIES
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TRANSITION ZONE CASE STUDIES
Objective
Apply Fuzzy Set Classifications to transition zone
Case studies
La Plata River
Elkhead Creek
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LA PLATA RIVER CASE STUDY
Spatial information
Located in Southwest Colorado
Tributary to San Juan River
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FUZZY CLASSIFICATIONS APPLIED TO LA
PLATA RIVER
Method
Fuzzy classes calculated for 5000 points along La
Plata River mainstem
2:1/3
1:2
1:4
4:1
4:5
Primary : Runner-Up
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WHICH MULTI-METRIC INDEX DO I USE?
Application rules
High Elevation Index applied to FZ Classes 1, 2, and 3
Low Elevation Index applied to FZ Classes 4 and 5
Low Elevation Index
High Elevation Index
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LA PLATA RIVER SAMPLING POINTS
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LA PLATA RIVER TRANSITION ZONE
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ELKHEAD CREEK CASE STUDY
Spatial information
Located in Northwest Colorado
Tributary to Yampa River
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FUZZY CLASSIFICATIONS APPLIED TO
ELKHEAD CREEK
Method
Fuzzy classes calculated for 5000 points along
Elkhead Creek mainstem
2:1/3
1:2
1:4
4:1
4:5
Primary : Runner-Up
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WHICH MULTI-METRIC INDEX DO I USE?
Application rules
High Elevation Index applied to FZ Classes 1, 2, and 3
Low Elevation Index applied to FZ Classes 4 and 5
Low Elevation Index
High Elevation Index
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ELKHEAD CREEK SAMPLING STATIONS
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ELKHEAD CREEK TRANSISTION ZONE
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THRESHOLD CONCEPTS
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REFINED AQUATIC LIFE USE
CLASSIFICATION IMPLICATIONS
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H-MMI RESULTS AND THRESHOLDS
Examine case studies to illustrate range of MMI
results
Start thinking about impairment threshold
concepts
Overall Percentile
Reference Site Percentile
Overall or Reference Site Percentile Within Each Site
Class
Bin-let Percentile
Other Options
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OTHER APPROACHES TO THRESHOLDS
CO-EMAP (MMI Version 1)
25th percentile of all MMI values (55.76)
50th percentile of all remaining MMI values below 25th%ile
(43.02)
Arizona
Impaired if value is <10th percentile of reference condition
Cold <45
Warm <39
Idaho
Narrative criteria—MMI threshold of approximately <20
Ohio
25th percentile of reference sites for all ecoregions
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Fuzzy Set Site Class
1 2 3
n 202 185 58
5th %ile 18.17 22.67 28.18
15th %ile 29.40 37.74 33.88
Median 62.42 66.50 58.19
85th %ile 82.42 84.39 76.67
95th %ile 89.16 90.63 85.79
H-MMI RESULTS
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STRESSORS AND BINLETS (SC-1)
25th %ile
Ref
Sites
25th %ile
Stressed
Sites
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STRESSOR GRADIENT EXAMPLE
25th %ile
of Ref
Sites
25th %ile
Stressed
Sites
*
*linear miles within a 5km radius near-field watershed
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FZ SITE-CLASS 1MID-ELEVATION, SEMI-COLD, LOW
GRADIENT, MOIST
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FZ Site Class 1Elevation: 2111m Slope: .0381 Precip: 465cm/year
MMI 19.93
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FZ Site Class 1MMI 62.97
Elevation: 1996m Slope: .0018 Precip: 540cm/year
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FZ Site Class 1MMI 91.46
Elevation: 2074m Slope: .0362 Precip: 584cm/year
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FZ SITE-CLASS 2
HIGH ELEVATION, COLD-WATER
SITES
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FZ Site Class 2MMI 12.30
Elevation: 3088m Slope: .0521 Precip: 656cm/year
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FZ Site Class 2MMI 63.48
Elevation: 2702m Slope: .032 Precip: 489cm/year
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FZ Site Class 2MMI 92.72
Elevation: 2659m Slope: .0529 Precip: 668cm/year
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FZ SITE-CLASS 3MID-ELEVATION, SEMI-COLD, HIGH
GRADIENT, DRIER
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FZ Site Class 3MMI 57.60
Elevation: 1950m Slope: .0466 Precip: 273cm/year
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FZ Site Class 3MMI 83.43
Elevation: 2710m Slope: .0668 Precip: 312cm/year
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FZ Site Class 3MMI 29.43
Elevation: 2268m Slope: .0598 Precip: 461cm/year
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UPCOMING TOPICS IN APRIL
Lakes and Reservoirs
Desired Condition vs Thresholds
Direct Use Reservoir
Rivers and Streams
O/E Bioassessment Tool: Recap and thresholds
Impairment Thresholds for the L-MMI
Initial look at nutrient levels paired with MMI
Next Meeting: 1:30-4:30 pm April 14, 2009 –
Sabin Room
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Blake Beyea [email protected] 303-692-3656
Chris Theel [email protected] 303-692-3558
O/E and MMI reports posted online at the Aquatic Life Workgroup page
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