Under the guidance of prototype theory in cognitive psychology, it is prototype rather than appearance of an object that stored in peoples long-term memory. Prototype refers to the internal elements that constitute objects. (Qiu Zhiwen, 2008) For alphabet-based language, letters are the prototypes while for Chinese, The components making up characters are the prototypes, including strokes, radicals and other components. Based on the theory above, component-based Chinese teaching method has been adopted in primary schools in China. Initial learners will be required to memorize some simple characters and radicals. On the basic of understanding essential Chinese character elements, learners can proceed to next step, memorizing some compounds.