Codebook for the Union Bank of Australia Micro-Data Set

Andrew Seltzer, Royal Holloway, University of London

Acknowledgements:

I would like to thank Brendon Avallone, David Choa, Jeremy Feiglin, Richard Iliffe,Ben Jensen, Sarah Martin, Geoffrey Sinclair, David Varney, Rita Yeoh, and Ming Yu for their efforts in collecting and encoding the data. I also want to thank the staff at the ANZ Group Archive−Trevor Hart, Peggy Kennedy, and Tony Miller−for their help with the UBA primary materials. I also want to thank my collaborators Andre Sammartino and Kenneth Simons for suggestions about data management and applications. I want to particularly single out David Merrett who introduced me to the ANZ Archives and to the Staff records. Finally, I wish to acknowledge financial support for this research from the Arthur C. Cole Grant in Aid Fund, the AustralianResearch Council, the University of Melbourne Faculty of Commerce, and the University of London Central Research Fund.

Introduction: This micro-data is drawn from employment records of Union Bank of Australia Staff, housed at the ANZ Group Archive in Melbourne. The records contain background information on all “officers of the bank” (date of birth, date of entry to the bank, details of prior experience); continuous information about their employment (branch of employment, position, and salary); and details of exit (date and reason). For all but a few employees in the sample, these records cover their entire career. Employment information has been recorded annual in the data (see appendix 1). Any queries about the data should be addressed to Andrew Seltzer at a.seltzer@rhul.ac.uk

Note for genealogists: Note for genealogists: There exists a version of this data set containing names of staff. Please contact grouparchive@anz.com for further information on staff records.

References: Please cite the original sources and the data codebook. You can cite the articles listed below at your discretion.

1) Original Sources

Information about UBA staff:

ANZ Group Archive, The Union Bank of Australia Limited, Register of Officers, U/271/1 (all staff present in 1887), U/271/2 (1888-1894 entrants), U271/3 (1894-1900 entrants).

Information about UBA branches:

ANZ Group Archive (1930), The Union Bank of Australia Limited, Annual Report, U/218 (Victoria and Tasmania), U/219 (New South Wales), U/220 (Queensland), U/221 (South Australia), U/222 (Western Australia), U/223 (New Zealand).

Information about position at the Bank of Australia in 1891

ANZ Group Archive. The Bank of South Australia, SA/20/1 Record of Colonial Staffvarious years.

2) Citation for the Codebook

Andrew Seltzer, Codebook for the Union Bank of Australia Micro-Data Set, memo.

3) Articles and chapters using this data set:

Jesper Bagger and Andrew Seltzer, “Data Survey: Administrative and Survey Data in Personnel Economics”, Australian Economic Review, 47, 1 (2014), pp. 137-46.

Andrew Seltzer, “Did Firms Cut Nominal Wages in a Deflationary Environment?: Micro-Level Evidence from the Late 19th and early 20th Century Banking Industry”, Explorations in Economic History, 47, 1 (2010), pp. 112-125.

Andrew Seltzer and André Sammartino, “A New Look at Australian Labour Contracts: Evidence from Inside Large Firms”, Australian Economic History Review, 4, 2 (2009), pp. 107-137.

Andrew Seltzer, “The Effects of Mid-Career Military Enlistment on Civilian Career Prospects: Evidence from the Australian Banking Industry During World War II”, Cliometrica, 1, 3, (2007), pp. 239-261.

Andrew Seltzer, “Internal Labour Markets in the Australian Banking Industry: Their Nature Prior to the Second World War and Their Recent Decline”, Accounting, Business & Financial History, 14, 3 (2004), pp. 237-256.

Andrew Seltzer, “Can Incomes Policies Reduce Real Wages?: Micro-Evidence from the 1931 Australian Award Wage Cut”, Research in Economic History, 21 (2003), pp. 105-133.

Andrew Seltzer and Kenneth Simons, “Salaries and Career Opportunities in the Banking Industry: Evidence from the Personnel Records of the Union Bank of Australia”, Explorations in Economic History, 38, 2 (2001), pp. 195-224.

Andrew Seltzer, “Controlling and Motivating the Workforce: Evidence from the Banking Industry in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries”, Australian Economic History Review, 40, 3 (2000), pp. 219-238.

Andrew Seltzer and David Merrett, “Personnel Practices at the Union Bank of Australia: Panel Evidence from the 1887-1900 Entry Cohorts”, Journal of Labor Economics, 18, 4 (2000), pp. 573-613.

David Merrett and Andrew Seltzer, “The Nature of Bank Work and Worker Monitoring: A Study of the Union Bank of Australia in the 1920s”, Business History, 42, 3 (2000), pp. 133-152, also published in David Merrett, editor, Business Institutions and Behaviour in Australia, Frank Cass, London & Portland, OR., 2000, pp. 133-152.

Andrew Seltzer, “Labour, Skills, and Migration”, in Simon Ville and Glenn Withers, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of Australia, Cambridge University Press, pp. 178-201, 2014.

Andrew Seltzer, “Wages and Incentives in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Australia Banking Industry”, International Journal of Development and Conflict, 1, 1 (2011), pp. 11-26.

Information Contained in the Records

Variable DescriptionNO Observation number (from U/271)NAME NAMEYOB Year of BirthMOB Month of birthDOB Day of birth (1 – 31)YOEN Year of Entry to the UBAMOEN Month of Entry into the UBADOEN Day of entry to the UBA (1 – 31)ENT_AGE Age at the time of entry (in years)EXP Dummy, 1 if having work experience at the time of entry to UBAYRSEXP Years of experience prior to entry. Actual experience if given either in U/271 or

SA/60. AGE – 16 if EXP=1 and actual years of experience is not given.BANKEXP Dummy, 1 if having previous banking experienceEBANK1 Dummy, 1 if prior European banking experienceBSA Dummy, 1 if employed at the Bank of South Australia prior to joining the UBATENBSA Total time served at the BSA prior to joining the UBAP1891BSA Position in 1891 at the BSA – see Appendix 1 and Appendix 3L1891BSA Branch location at the BSA in 1891 – See Appendix 2YOEX Year of exit from the UBAMOEX Month of ExitDOEX Day of exitREA Reason for exit – see Appendix 4RESIGNS Career at UBA ends with voluntary resignationDEATH Career at UBA ends with deathFORCED Career at UBA ends with forced resignationSACKED Career at UBA ends with dismissalRETIRED Career at UBA ends with retirementCENSURED Record censured before end of UBA careerYEAR Year of ObservationAGE Age (in years) at the time of entry to the UBAAGESQ Age Squared (in years) at the time of entry to the UBATENURE Tenure (in years) in the current observationTENURE2 Tenure squareTENURE3 Tenure cubedTENURE4 Tenure to the fourth powerTENSTAR Current observation is the Nth calendar year of tenure at the UBA (integer value)WAGE Nominal wage in the year of observation, see Appendix 1RWAGE Real wage, deflated using PC31 – see Appendix 1LNRW Natural long of the real wage.POSITION Position in the year of observation – see Appendix 1 and Appendix 3CLERK Dummy, 1 if POS=1 See Appendix 3TELLER Dummy, 1 if POS=2 See Appendix 3ACCOUNT Dummy, 1 if POS=3 See Appendix 3ACCTEL Dummy, 1 if POS=4 See Appendix 3MANAGER Dummy, 1 if POS=5 See Appendix 3INSPECT Dummy, 1 if POS=6 See Appendix 3GENMAN Dummy, 1 if POS=7 See Appendix 3PROMOTED Dummy, 1 if promoted in current yearPROMOTED1 Dummy, 1 if promoted in previous yearDEMOTED Dummy, 1 if demoted in current yearDEMOTED1 Dummy, 1 if demoted in previous yearLOC Location code – see Appendix 1 and Appendix 2

VIC Dummy, 1 if LOC is in VictoriaNSW Dummy, 1 if LOC is in New South WalesQLD Dummy, 1 if LOC is in QueenslandSA Dummy, 1 if LOC is in South AustraliaWA Dummy, 1 if LOC is in Western AustraliaTAS Dummy, 1 if LOC is in TasmaniaNZ Dummy, 1 if LOC is in New ZealandLONDON Dummy, 1 if LOC is in LondonBRSIZE Employment at the branch in 1930 (continuous)BRMAN Interaction, BRSIZE * MANAGERCAPITAL Dummy, 1 if branch is located in a capital city (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth,

Aukland, Adelaide, London, Hobart)POP1930 Population (in 1930) of locationMOVED Dummy, 1 if moved branches in the current yearMOVED1 Dummy, 1 if moved branches in the previous year

Appendix 1

I. Notes on the Recording of Annual Information

In order to keep the number of cells manageable, information on wages, position, and location has been recorded only once per year, as of October 1 each calendar year. October 1 was used in preference to December 31 because fewer members of staff were on annual leave or on short-term appointments relieving another member of staff on annual leave. There are two exceptions to this rule. The information is recorded as of December 31 in the calendar year in which they were appointed if a member of staff was appointed after October 1. The information is recorded as of the date of exit if the member of staff left before October 1. TENURE (in years) is calculated as of the date of the observation. TENSTAR is a count of the number of calendar years for which the employee has been present (i.e. for an employee beginning December 31, 1888 and leaving Jan 1, 1889 TENSTAR takes a value of 1 for the 1888 observation and 2 for the 1889 observation).

II. Notes on Economy-Wide Statistics

All economy-wide statistics are from Vamplew, ed. Australians: Historical Statistics. There are gaps in the inflation over the entire period 1850 – 1970. The coverage is as follows:

PC31 – Retail price index. Covers 1861-1970PC79 – GDP price deflator index. Covers 1851 - 1970

The correlation between PC31 and PC79 from 1861-1970 is .997To obtain real wages, nominal wages were deflated using PC31 and PC79 spliced to PC31 at the 1861 values for the 145 observations between 1851 and 1860.

III. Notes on Branch Employment

In each observation the branch employment (BREMP30) is the 1930 value. If the branch was not open in 1930, this value is given as zero. While this leads to some inaccuracies, these are generally very small, as the correlation between branch size in different years is generally very high. The 1930 value of branch employment was used because it is the latest year for which every Annual Report of the branches is available at the ANZ Group Archive. Recording values of zero is likely to introduce little measurement error, as both newly open branches and branches being shut down were invariably very small.

IV. Notes on Position Codes

In order to do any analysis of relationships involving hierarchical rank, it is necessary to convert job titles into positions. It is a priore not clear how to do this. At one extreme every job could be viewed as unique; i.e. 2nd teller at Melbourne, teller at Wagga Wagga, and 2nd at Sydney are all distinct classifications. At the other extreme all employees could be classified as bankers. Neither is satisfactory for purposes of analysis. I have also rejected the approach of classifying positions based solely on tasks, as this would likely create too many clerical codes to draw meaningful conclusions from any analysis and would create problems if the records were not consistent in their classification. A number of contemporary banking magazines suggest that clerks were all hierarchically similar, even if they were performing very different tasks. Following the magazines I have created the following classifications: clerk, teller, accountant/teller, accountant, manager, inspector, head office staff, and

agent. In many cases the job title suggests two different classifications, for example “manager and inspector” or “accountant and manager”. In these cases they have been classified as the higher hierarchical level, with the exception of accountant/teller which has a separate classification. The tasks performed by Accountant/tellers differed little from those performed by tellers and accountants, and this was probably not viewed by the bank as a distinct hierarchical level. However, the job of accountant/teller was distinct in that it was universally associated with smaller branches. Because of this distinction and because there are a large number of observations, I have classified it as a separate level. In some cases the job title was simply given as the department of employment, for example “general manager’s office” or “Standing Committee”. Depending on the age and previous and subsequent positions of the specific employee they were assigned a level, normally that of clerk.

Appendix 2Location Codes

Branch State CodeMelbourne VIC 1Alexandra VIC 2Bairnsdale VIC 3Ballarat VIC 4Bendigo VIC 5Bentleigh VIC 6Berrigan NSW 7Brunswick VIC 8Bruthen VIC 9Camperdown VIC 10Casterton VIC 11Clunes VIC 12Cohuna VIC 13Colac VIC 14Collingwood VIC 15Daylesford VIC 16Deniliquin NSW 17Dimboola VIC 18Donald VIC 19Echuca VIC 20Elizabeth Street VIC 21Fitzroy VIC 22Footscary VIC 23Geelong VIC 24Hamilton VIC 25Horsham VIC 26Jeparit VIC 27Kerang VIC 28Kyabram VIC 29Loch VIC 30Marnoo VIC 31Maryborough VIC 32Miniyip VIC 33Moonee Ponds VIC 34Murtoa VIC 35Newmarket VIC 36Orbost VIC 37Portland VIC 38Prahran VIC 39Rochester VIC 40Rupanyap VIC 41Russell Street VIC 42Shepparton VIC 43South Melbourne VIC 44Stawell VIC 45Swan hill VIC 46Tarnagulla VIC 47Toora VIC 48Traralgon VIC 49Walla Walla NSW 50Wangaratta VIC 51Warnambool VIC 52Warracknabeal VIC 53

Yarram Yarram VIC 54Yerong Creek NSW 55Castlemaine VIC 56Allendale VIC 57Casterton VIC 58Gippsland VIC 59Jamison VIC 60Pigoreet VIC 61Smythesdale VIC 62Wood's Point VIC 63Matlock VIC 64Benalla VIC 65Bright VIC 66Burnley VIC 67Cobram VIC 68Euroa VIC 69Foster VIC 70Katamatite VIC 71Keroit VIC 72Leongatha VIC 73Mirboo North VIC 74Mooroopna VIC 75Morwell VIC 76Nathalia VIC 77Numurkah VIC 78Port Fairy VIC 79Rutherglen VIC 80Sale VIC 81St Kilda VIC 82Strathmerton VIC 83Tallangatta VIC 84Williamstown VIC 85Yackandandah VIC 86Kerong Vale VIC 87Wunghnu VIC 88Walhall VIC 89Telford VIC 90Creswick VIC 91Corryong VIC 92Chiltern VIC 93Beechworth VIC 94Llancelby VIC 95306 Little Collins St VIC 203075 Collins St East Melbourne VIC 2088Balwyn VIC 2062Box Hill VIC 2041Camberwell VIC 2028Corner Bourke and King Sts VIC 2031Eastern VIC 2032Elsternwick VIC 2029Flinders Lane VIC 2087Hampton VIC 2051Hartwell VIC 2064Korumburra VIC 2033Malvern VIC 2063Oakleigh VIC 2042Richmond VIC 2086

Ripponlea VIC 2043Sandhurst (Later Bendigo) VIC 2005South Camberwell VIC 2093Stock Exchange VIC 2046Swanston St VIC 2035Toorak VIC 2047Victoria Markets VIC 2068Warragul VIC 2096Wedderburn VIC 2081Wodonga VIC 2034Yarrawonga VIC 2075Gardenvale VIC 2118Mordialloc VIC 2119Benalla VIC 2135Frankston VIC 2136Elizabeth St North (Melbourne) VIC 2138Sunshine VIC 2143Korong Vale VIC 2147Rutherglen VIC 2148Drouin VIC 2154Ormond VIC 2163Abbotsford VIC 2170Nathalia VIC 2182Castlemaine VIC 2183Packenham East VIC 2193Walwa VIC 2194Glenferrie VIC 2201Kew VIC 2202Morwell VIC 2212Maffra VIC 2213Charlton VIC 2220Sydney NSW 101Albury NSW 102Ballina NSW 103Balmain NSW 104Barellan NSW 105Bondi Beach NSW 106Burrowa NSW 107Burswood NSW 108Canowindra NSW 109Castlereagh Street NSW 110Cessnock NSW 111Coolamon NSW 112Coonabarabran NSW 113Cootabmundra NSW 114Coraki NSW 115Crows Nest NSW 116Cumnock NSW 117Dubbo NSW 118Forbes NSW 119George Street NSW 120Gilgandra NSW 121Grenfell NSW 122Gundagai NSW 123Gunnedah NSW 124Harden NSW 125Haymarket NSW 126

Henty NSW 127Inverell NSW 128Junee NSW 129Murwillumbah NSW 130Narandera NSW 131Newcastle NSW 132Newtown NSW 133Orange NSW 134Oxford Street NSW 135Parkes NSW 136Parramatta NSW 137South Grafton NSW 138Southern NSW 139Tamworth NSW 140Trundle NSW 141Wagga Wagga NSW 142Wellingotn NSW 143West Maitland NSW 144West Wyalong NSW 145Yass NSW 146Yeoval NSW 147Young NSW 148Peak Hill NSW 149Greta NSW 150Bathurst NSW 151Godfrey's Creek NSW 152Goulburn NSW 153Grahamstown NSW 154Hay NSW 155Mount Pleasant SA 156Maryborough NSW 157Bega NSW 158Blyney NSW 159Corowa NSW 160Crookwell NSW 161Dorrigo NSW 162Howlong NSW 163Hurstville NSW 164Jerildene NSW 165Kogarah NSW 166Kyogle NSW 167Leichardt NSW 168Narrabri NSW 169Nowra NSW 170Petersham NSW 171Pitt St NSW 172Tullamone NSW 173Wentworth Avenue NSW 174Teridgerie NSW 175Berry NSW 176Hurstville NSW 177Narromine NSW 178Northern NSW 179Ashfield NSW 2059Auburn NSW 2099Broadway NSW 2037Campsie NSW 2084

Casino NSW 2021Cowra NSW 2002Elizabeth St South NSW 2061Epping NSW 2040Finley NSW 2004Grafton NSW 2085Kings Cross NSW 2058Lismore NSW 2070Manly NSW 2057Market St (Sydney) NSW 2098Mosman NSW 2054Muswellbrook NSW 2039Newcastle West NSW 2083North Auburn NSW 2100Port Kembla NSW 2074Rand NSW 2036Stroud NSW 2038Temora NSW 2003Waterloo and Alexandria NSW 2060Woolongong NSW 2097Corowa NSW 2114St Leonards NSW 2115Brookvale NSW 2117Caringbah NSW 2120Rockdale NSW 2121Nowra NSW 2139Bathurst NSW 2140Jerilderie NSW 2141Gladesville NSW 2144Macquarie St (Sydney) NSW 2145Mayfield NSW 2150Mascot NSW 2151South Grafton NSW 2152Ramsgate NSW 2153Captain's Flat NSW 2168Hay NSW 2173Panania NSW 2174Randwick NSW 2185Petersham NSW 2187Kingston VIC 2188Moree NSW 2189Gordon NSW 2191Leichhardt NSW 2196Camperdown NSW 2197Hurstville NSW 2205Liverpool St (Sydney) NSW 2206Mobile Bank Savings Bank - NSW NSW 2214Annandale NSW 2215Brisbane QLD 201Ayr QLD 202Bundaberg QLD 203Cambooya QLD 204Charters Towers QLD 205Clifton QLD 206Dalby QLD 207Gayndah QLD 208Gympie QLD 209

Jandowae QLD 210Kilcoy QLD 211Kingaroy QLD 212Mackay QLD 213Maryborough QLD 214Pittsworth QLD 215Rockhampton QLD 216Tingoora QLD 217Toowoomba QLD 218Townsville QLD 219Warwick QLD 220Blentleigh QLD 221Albion QLD 222Aramac QLD 223Bascaldine QLD 224Beaudesert QLD 225Beenleigh QLD 226Blackall QLD 227Burketown QLD 228Cairns QLD 229Charleville QLD 230Cloncurry QLD 232Cooktown QLD 233Croydon QLD 234Cunamulla QLD 235Dugandon QLD 236Eidswold QLD 237Esk QLD 238Gatton QLD 239Georgetown QLD 240Geraldton QLD 241Herberton QLD 242Hughenden QLD 243Ingham QLD 244Ipswich QLD 245Isisford QLD 246Killarney QLD 247Laidley QLD 248Longreach QLD 249Mayton QLD 250Mitchell QLD 251Montalbion QLD 252Mount Morgan QLD 253Muttaburra QLD 254Normanton QLD 255North Pine QLD 256Pittsworth QLD 257Port Douglas QLD 258Ravenswood QLD 259resie Terrace QLD 260Rona QLD 261Sandgate QLD 262South Brisbane QLD 263St George QLD 264Tambo QLD 265Thargomindah QLD 266Thursday Island QLD 267

winton QLD 268Wollongarra QLD 269Allora QLD 270Oakey QLD 271Beaudesert QLD 272Childers QLD 2045Chinchilla QLD 2048Fortitude Valley QLD 2055Kilkivian QLD 2050Maleny QLD 2044Maroochydore QLD 2113Miles QLD 2049Morningside QLD 2095Southport QLD 2094Woodford QLD 2079Wooloongabba QLD 2056George St (Bribane) QLD 2128Elizabeth St (Brisbane) QLD 2129Adelaide St (Brisbane) QLD 2130Southern (Brisbane) QLD 2131Toogoolawah QLD 2149Baralabah QLD 2159Nambour QLD 2175Home Hill QLD 2176Cairns QLD 2177Nundah QLD 2184Staff Training Centre - Qld QLD 2216Adelaide SA 301Broken Hill SA 302Gawler SA 303Jamestown SA 304Kadina SA 305Kingscote SA 306Kingston SA 307Laura SA 308Maitland SA 309Melrose SA 310Millicent SA 311Moonta SA 312Mount Gambier SA 313Naracoorte SA 314Orroroo SA 315Port Adelaide SA 316Port Pirie SA 317Port Victor SA 318Robe SA 319Charlestown SA 320Port Augusta SA 322Snowtown SA 323Victor Harbour SA 324Port germain SA 325Gumeracha SA 326Silverton SA 327Georgetown SA 328Two Wells SA 329Manoora SA 330Border Town SA 331

Yorktown SA 332Goolwa SA 333Wallaroo SA 334Strahallyn SA 335Aduna SA 336Angaston SA 337Balaklava SA 338Blyth SA 339Brinkworth SA 340Broughton SA 341Caltowis SA 342Ceduna SA 343Clive SA 344Clune SA 345Cowell SA 346Crystal bay SA 347Cummens SA 348Curramulka SA 349Edinburgh SA 350Freeling SA 351Georgetown SA 328Gumeracha SA 326Hammond SA 352Hawker SA 353Hindmarsh SA 354Hoodside SA 355Jailem bend SA 356jumby bay SA 357juno SA 358kapunda SA 359karoonda SA 360keith SA 361lameroo SA 362loxton SA 363mannum SA 364mcclaren vale SA 365minlaton SA 366moorook SA 367morgan SA 368mt pleasant SA 320murray b SA 369owen SA 370parilla SA 371pinnaroo SA 372port victoria SA 373pt augusta SA 374pt brgtn SA 375pt lincoln SA 2106sedan SA 376snow reach SA 377snowtown SA 323spalding SA 378ssty bay SA 379streaky bay SA 380swan reach SA 381truro SA 382tumby bay SA 383

unley SA 384waikerie SA 385wooside SA 386yankalilla SA 387yorketown SA 332Paruna SA 388Rundle St SA 389Tailem bend SA 390Trevio SA 391Barmera SA 392Booborowie SA 393Crystal Brook SA 394Hindley St SA 2162Kimba SA 395Wudinna SA 396Tanunda SA 397Saddleworth SA 398Powell SA 399Nudinna SA 2222Longer st SA 2223Gouger st SA 2224Edwardstown SA 2225East Maitland SA 2226Kooringa SA 2227Wirribarra SA 2228Charleston SA 2229Burra SA 2111Grenfell St - Adelaide SA 2091Market Branch SA 2110North Adelaide SA 2109Penola SA 2080Port Lincoln SA 2106Norwood SA 2200Grote St - Adelaide SA 2217Hobart TAS 401Burnie TAS 402Launceston TAS 403Latrobe TAS 404Oatlands TAS 405Scottsdale TAS 406LaTrobe TAS 407Stanley TAS 408Wynyard TAS 409Zeehan TAS 410Waratah TAS 411Devonport TAS 412Deloraine TAS 2155Perth WA 501Albany WA 502Beverley WA 503Broome WA 504Broomehill WA 505Bunbury WA 506Burtville WA 507Capel WA 508Carnavon WA 509Coolgardie WA 510

Corrigin WA 511Cue WA 512Dumbleyung WA 513Fremantle WA 514Geraldton WA 515Goomaling WA 516Jasper Hill WA 517Kalgoorlie WA 518Kanowna WA 519Katanning WA 520Kookynie WA 521Lawlers WA 522Marble Bar WA 523Meckering WA 524Menzies WA 525Mulline WA 526Narrogin WA 527Norseman WA 528Northam WA 529Pingelly WA 530Port Hedland WA 531Ravensthorpe WA 532Sandstone (formerly called Black Range) WA 533Sir Smuel WA 534Southern Cross WA 535Wagin WA 536Wickepin WA 537Wiluna WA 538Wongan Hills WA 539Wyaltkatchem WA 540York WA 541Day Dawn WA 542Peron WA 543Egerton WA 544Gnowangernpri WA 545Moora WA 546Lennonville WA 547Laverton WA 548Davyhurst WA 549Broad Arrow WA 550Duketon WA 551Barrack St Perth WA 2067Cossack WA 2001Japerstiel = Jasper Hill WA 2019Roebourne WA 2016St Georges Terrace WA 2107Town Hall (Perth) WA 2073Western Perth WA 2066Murray St (Perth) WA 2167Mount Lawley WA 2171East Victoria Park WA 2172Nedlands WA 2178Applecross WA 2181Mount Hawthorn WA 2207Christchurch NZ 601Ashburton NZ 602Auckland NZ 603

Dunedin NZ 604Greymouth NZ 605Grisbourne NZ 606Hastings NZ 607Invercargill NZ 608Lyttelton NZ 609Napier NZ 610Nelson NZ 611Oamaru NZ 612Palmerston North NZ 613Rangiora NZ 614Timaru NZ 615Waimate NZ 616Wellington NZ 617Hokitika NZ 618Ross NZ 619Blenheim NZ 620Geraldine NZ 621Hawera NZ 622Kumara NZ 623Ohura NZ 624Opotiki NZ 625Opunake NZ 626Queenstown NZ 627Sefton NZ 628Southbridge NZ 629Teawamutu NZ 630Thames NZ 631Wairarapu NZ 632Port Alwriri NZ 633Tanorora NZ 634Featherston NZ 635Levin NZ 636Mangonui NZ 637Morrisville NZ 638Napier NZ 639Rotura NZ 640Taihape NZ 641Tauraga NZ 642Waverley NZ 643Whangarei NZ 644Mobu NZ 645River Cargill NZ 646Blenheim NZ 2092Buckley NZ 2009Customs St (Auckland) NZ 2104Dannevirke NZ 2011Dargaville NZ 2024Feilding NZ 2012Geraldine NZ 2105Gore NZ 2013Hamilton NZ 2020Hawera NZ 2102Helensville NZ 2065Hunterville NZ 2053Kaeo NZ 2072Martinborough NZ 2008

Marton NZ 2069Masterton NZ 2006Matata NZ 2025Mount Roskill NZ 2103New Plymouth NZ 2014Newton NZ 2018Otaki NZ 2052Otorohanga NZ 2082Pahiatua NZ 2023Petone NZ 2101Stratford NZ 2071Te Aivamutu NZ 2026Te Araroa NZ 2007Te Puke NZ 2076Tekuiti NZ 2027Temuka NZ 2112Tolaga Bay NZ 2077Wairoa NZ 2015Wanganui NZ 2010Whakatane NZ 2078Taneatua NZ 2116Greytown NZ 2122Waipukarau NZ 2123Ngatea NZ 2124Courtenay Place (Wellington) NZ 2125Hamilton North NZ 2126High Street (Auckland) NZ 2127Hereford St (Christchurch) NZ 2132Cuba St (Wellington) NZ 2133Lower Hutt NZ 2134Pukekohe NZ 2137Mount Maunganui NZ 2142Levin NZ 2146Windsor House (Auckland) NZ 2156High St (Christchurch) NZ 2158Huntly NZ 2160Town Hall (Auckland) NZ 2164Patea NZ 2165Newmarket NZ 2166Tampo NZ 2169Opotiki NZ 2179Taumarunui NZ 2180Nominee and Registrar Dept - NZ NZ 2190Balclutha NZ 2192Kaikohe NZ 2195Featherstone NZ 2198Otahuhu NZ 2199Matamata NZ 2203Thames NZ 2204Morrinsville NZ 2208Panmure NZ 2209Eltham NZ 2210Waipawa NZ 2211Octagon NZ 2218Upper Symonds St - Auckland NZ 2219London UK 701Levuka Fiji Fiji 702

Suva Fiji 703Shortland Solomon Islands 704Port Moseby PNG 801Darwin NT 901Canberra ACT 902General Manager's Department 1000Inspector's and Divisional Offices (Vic & Tas) 1001Inspector's and Divisional Offices (Vic & Tas & SA) 1002Inspector's and Divisional Offices (SA) 1003Inspector's and Divisional Offices (NSW) 1004Inspector's and Divisional Offices (QLD) 1005Inspector's and Divisional Offices (WA) 1006Inspector's and Divisional Offices (NZ) 1007Inspector's and Divisional Offices (NSW & QLD) 1008Inspector's and Divisional Offices (NT) 1009Inspector's and Divisional Offices (TAS) 1010

Note: Some branches will have no observations in the UBA data set because either 1) they were opened later and no employees from this period were ever assigned to these branches or 2) they are branches of other Australian banks (Bank of South Australia, Queensland National Bank, Bank of Adelaide, Bank of Australasia)

Appendix 3

Position Code RankClerk 1 1Teller 2 2Accountant 3 3Accountant/Teller 4 4Manager 5 5Assistant sub-inspector 6 6Sub-inspector 7 6Assistant general manager 8 7General Manager 9 7Ledger keeper 10 1Securities Clerk 11 1Inspector 15 6Sub-Manager 16 5Acting Manager 17 5Acting General manager 18 7Correspondent Clerk 19 1Acting Sub Inspector 20 6Registrar 21 1Draft Clerk 22 1Sub Accountant 23 3Confidential Clerk 24 1Share Clerk 25 1Bill Clerk 26 1Acting Accountant 27 3Pro Manager 28 5Stationary Clerk 29 1Agent 30 8Acting Agent 31 8Pro Agent 32 8Chief Officer 33 1Pro Accountant 34 3Assistant 35 1Secretary 36 7Supernumary 37 1Sub Agent 38 8Assistant Accountant 39 3Assistant Manager 40 5Bullion Clerk 41 1Apprentice 42 1Junior 43 1Senior Clerk 44 1Assistant Inspector 45 6Auditor 46 1Chief Assistant 47 7Supervisor 48 1Ledger Clerk 49 1Chief Inspector 50 6Acting Accountant and Teller 51 4Resident Inspector’s Department 52 1Advance Clerk 53 1Relieving Officer 54 1Branch Clerk 55 1

Teller and Pro Accountant 56 3Probationer 57 1Relieving Officer 58 1GM Department 59 1Resident Inspector 60 6Chief Correspondent 61 1Sub Manager and Accountant 62 5Relieving Manager 63 5Head Ledger Keeper 64 1Acting Sub Accountant 65 3Acting Sub Manager 66 5Property Officer 68 1Acting Inspector 69 6Audit Clerk 70 1Acting Assistant Accountant 39 3Chief Ledger Keeper 71 1In Charge 72 5Accountant Manager 73 52nd Teller 74 2Acting Accountant Manager 75 5Acting Accountant/Clerk 76 3Code Clerk 77 15th Teller 78 2Senior Relieving Officer 79 54th Teller 80 23rd Teller 81 2Senior Sub-Inspector 82 6Manager Clerk 83 1Assistant Chief Inspector 84 6Securities Clerks Dept 85 1General Manager's Confidential Clerk 86 1Acting Chief Inspector 87 6Clerk & General Manager's Dept 88 11st Teller 89 2Relieving Clerk 90 17th Teller 91 28th Teller 92 2Manager & Pro Accountant 94 5Relieving Teller 95 2Relieving Assistant to Accountant 96 3Relieving Accountant 97 3Acting Teller 98 2Resident Inspector's Dept Clerk 99 1Relieving Accountant & Teller 100 4Typist 101 1Stationary Dept 102 1Standing Committee 103 1Receiving Teller 104 2General Books Clerk 105 1Assistant to Banks Property Agent 106 1Sub Inspector Accountant 107 6Resident Inspector's Dept Vic + Tas 108 1Debenture Clerk 109 1Decimal Clerk 110 1Admin Officer 111 1Assistant General Manager 112 7

Senior Deputy General Manager 113 7Exchange Manager 114 5Chief Manager 115 7Deputy Chief Manager 116 7General Books 117 1Special Duties 118 1District Manager 119 7Agency Clerk/Officer 120 1Admin Officer 121 1Minute Clerk 122 1Note Clerk 123 1Staff Clerk 124 1Senior Minute Clerk 125 1Accountant's Clerk 126 1Inspector's Accountant 127 3Inspection Officer 128 6Travel Officer 129 1Premises Officer 130 1Senior Inspection Officer 131 6Assistant District Manager 132 5Cable Clerk 133 1Exchange Clerk 134 1Valuation Officer 135 1Assistant Staff Inspector 136 6Temporarily Attached 137 1Investment Clerk 138 1Nominee and Registrar Clerk 139 1Chief Clearing Officer 140 1Ledgerkeeper and Agency Officer 141 1Decimal and Reference Clerk 142 1Accountant Teller and Agency Officer 143 4Deposits Officer 144 1Standing Committe Clerk 145 1Relieving manager and Audit officer 146 5Principal 147 1Standing Committee Department 148 1

Manager and Inspector 149 6

II. Rank Codes

1 Clerk2 Teller3 Accountant4 Accountant/teller5 Manager6 Inspector7 General manager/Head office8 Agent

Appendix 4

Reason for Exit Codes

1 resigned/left2 died3 forced resignation4 dismissed/absconded/suspended5 retired on a pension6 forced to retire on a pension31 Record censured in 1921, 1926, or 1931