Upload
kevin-berry
View
218
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
11
EDUCATION and TRAINING
How to Develop the Safety Culture of Human Resources Dealing with Nuclear Energy
Claude Faidy Eric MERMET
French Component Design and Safety Expert General [email protected] [email protected]
International Nuclear Academy +33 (0)3 85 42 36 98
September 13, 2013 WNA - Annual Symposium 2013September 13, 2013
www.inuclear-academy.comRev. 3
2WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 2
Content
Introduction to INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ACADEMYCultureSafetySafety CultureExample: Design/ Construction/Operation of SSC
Reference systemSpecificationsCodes & StandardsSafety Analysis ReportRegulation
INA Safety Culture training coursesPrinciplesExamples
Conclusions
September 13, 2013
www.inuclear-academy.com
3WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 3
International Nuclear Academy
Initiated in 2009 by the PNB –
Continuing Professional Development dedicated to Nuclear, from Operators to Executives
Get access to unique facilities :the CETIC is a training centre displaying 1:1 scale mocks-up of primary system components designed for training on maintenance and refueling operations.
Speakers are originated from a wide network of experts, with a large nuclear experience, renowned in France and abroad
September 13, 2013
www.inuclear-academy.com
4WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 4
INA nuclear training courses
September 13, 2013
www.inuclear-academy.com
EXENUC
EXENUC – EXPORTUK-China-CZ-P
SAFETYNUC
MARKETNUC
DISMANTNUC
EXPORTNUCUK-China-India
QUALINUC_RCC-M
QUALINUC_ASME
QUALINUC_RSE-M
DESP-ESPN
Human Performance
RISKNUC
DEVELOPPING NUCLEAR SAFETY CULTURE
ADDRESSING NEW MARKETS
IMPLEMENTING NUCLEAR MANAGING
TOOLS
DEVELOPPING CODES & STANDARDS
UNDERSTANDING
STANDARDNUC
OUR TRAINING SESSIONSDesigned for your nuclear expertise
YOUR GOAL to match nuclear market expectations
5WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 5
Culture
Culture emerges in adaptive interactionsCulture consists of shared elements (shared language, and the opportunity to interact). Culture is transmitted across time periods and generations (modern communications results in cultural diffusion in films and television). Culture is a complex concept
Culture is deepCulture is broadCulture is stable○ Any prospective cultural change creates great anxiety and resistance to change○ If you want to change some elements of your culture, you must recognize that you are tackling some
of the most stable parts of your life.
September 13, 2013
www.inuclear-academy.com
6WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 6
Safety
covers the actions taken to prevent nuclear and radiation accidents or to limit their consequences all along the total life of the plant: design, construction, operation and dismantlement
Actions could beTechnicalHumanOrganizational…
Assure the normal operations limited exposition of workerslimited production of radioactive waste
Prevent incidental or accidental conditions
Limit consequences of potential incidental or accidental conditions
Consider all internal/external hazards
September 13, 2013
77
Major Nuclear Safety Principles
Defense in depthSystematic failure considerationProtection against consequences by successive lines of defense○ Prevention (avoidance)○ Surveillance (anticipation)○ Action (limitation)
3 barriers (without any leak in all conditions…)Fuel claddingPrimary system (mainly the pressure boundary)Containment building
Single failure criterionSystem Design has to consider failure of the systemAll possible accidental conditions But never all the 3 barriers in the same timeLimitation through RISK evaluation (probability of failure x consequences)Redundancy / Common mode of failureExternal / Internal hazard consideration
3 major safety functions:Reactivity controlFuel cooling controlRadioactive products confinement
September 13, 2013 WNA - Annual Symposium 2013
8WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 8
Nuclear Safety Principle Consequences1- Before nuclear plant construction, safety analysis have to be:
developed by Utility and reviewed/approved by National Safety Authority
2- Technical and human actions are defined by Utility to:assure normal conditionsprevent incidental and accidental conditionslimit potential consequences of incidental /accidental conditions
3- During the plant construction, quality of safety class Systems, Structures and Components (SSC) are controlled to be in accordance with detailed specifications
4- During operation, the Operator has to make periodic tests and surveillance to assure continuous fulfillment of Safety Functions
5- Regulation is defined by National Safety Authority for Design-Construction – Operation – Dismantlement:
Definition of general objectives on nuclear safetyPrepare general technical rulesAnalyze the utility proposalsCheck through inspections Release remarks and agreements (up to plant shutdown requirements…)
6- Safety Analysis Report remains the key document developed by the Utility and Review by Safety Authority , including set of Codes & Standards to be used to answer to Safety Analysis
September 13, 2013
9WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 9
Safety culture
NRC Nuclear Safety Culture :
Core values and behaviors resulting from a collective commitment by leaders and individuals to emphasize safety, over competing goals to ensure protection of people and the environment
Extremely large concern:
Apply to all licensees, certificate holders, permit holders, authorization holders, holders of quality assurance program approvals, vendors and suppliers of safety-related components and applicants for license, certificate permit, authorization, or quality assurance program approval, subject to NRC authority
September 13, 2013
www.inuclear-academy.com
10WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 10
Safety Culture Principle and Philosophy
September 13, 2013
1- Independence2- Openness3- Clarity4- Efficiency5- Reliability
1- to maintain the highest safety level2- to open safety information to the public3- to promote research on safety and
technology development4- to abide by the international treaties and
to expand international cooperation5- to reinforce the safety related laws and systems6- to promote a safety culture7- to induce the general public to participate
in the establishment of a safety policy8- To secure independence and justification of the regulation
Principles
Philosophy
www.inuclear-academy.com
11WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 11
Example: design and construction of components
Reference systemSafety Analysis ReportCodes & StandardsRegulationSpecificationsQuality Management System
DesignSelect the materialsManufactureExamineTestProtectInstallOperateDismantleAssociated with Internal / External communication
September 13, 2013
All the actors concern by safety classified Systems, Structures or Components need a "Safety Culture" in relation with their particular tasks: from the top managers / project managers, to the welders, the drawer, the NDE personal or the maintenance people…
www.inuclear-academy.com
12WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 12
A reference system: mechanical components
September 13, 2013
Laws
Decrees Orders
Safety rules
Technical CodesStandards
Technical specifications
Project documents
Parliament
Government
Safety Authority
Industry / Utilitywith SA assessment/approval
Multi-industrynational/international
Utility / Group of Utilities
Utility
List and Main Consequences in Safety Analysis Report
Plant owner
Standard Development Organizations
Particular QA-QMfor Safety Class SSCs
13WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 13
Requirements and Code Selection
September 13, 2013
Safety functions
Utility / End User specifications
National Regulation,In particular
Pressure Equipment
-Design specification developed by the Utility / End user
-Equipment specification developed by the Manufacturer
+ associated Quality Management rules
Code selection + complementary requirements
14WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 14
Example: French Nuclear C&S
September 13, 2013
Nuclear added requirements to regular component construction rules:High quality levelHigh confidence level in the Quality○ Traceability○ Justification and Checks by Designers/Manufacturers○ Surveillance/Audits/ Inspection by Utility, Vendors and Safety Authority
Accidental conditions and external hazard considerationDedicated Quality Management System Required○ IAEA GSR-3: Partly in the Code / Partly outside through specifications
20022012 2012
a Set of tools :
- to assure Safety, - to optimize Construction and Operation, with graduated requirements- to assure Long Term Operation and Replaceability of Components
15WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 15
Safety Analysis Report
September 13, 2013
DEMONSTRATIONof Conformity to Requirements
APPLICABLESafety
Requirements
Volume I GENERAL
PRESENTATIONVolume II
PLANT SSC and OPERATION
Volume III SAFETY
DEMONSTRATION
STRUCTURE : 4 VOLUMES
Volume IV
PERIODIC SAFETY
REVIEWS
DESCRIPTIVEParts
Of Plant and SSC
16WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 16
Safety Analysis Report : IAEA
September 13, 2013
Safety Analysis ReportChapter I: Introduction Chapter II: General plant description Chapter III: Management of safety Chapter IV: Site evaluation Chapter V: General design aspects Chapter VI: Description and conformance to the design
of plant systemsChapter VII: Safety analysesChapter VIII: CommissioningChapter IX: Operational aspectsChapter X: Operational limits and conditionsChapter XI: Radiation protectionChapter XII: Emergency preparedness Chapter XIII: Environmental aspectsChapter XIV: Radioactive waste managementChapter XV: Decommissioning and end of life aspects
17WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 17
Examples of Safety Functions for Pres. Equip.
Safety classification: associated to "graduation of integrity reliability"
Operating conditions classified in normal, exceptional, accidental, faulted and severe accident (associated to an annual frequency)
Operability of active components in accidental situations
Functional capability of passive components in accidental conditions
Systems dedicated to manage plant "accidental " conditions
"Break exclusion" or "Incredibility of Failure" of Structures and Components
Leak tightness requirements in all situations, including accidental conditions
External – Internal Hazards description and associated criteria
September 13, 2013
18WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 18
Examples of Utility Design Specifications
Equipment general description, including precise limits (attachments/appurtenances) and expected life
All information that can affect the component pressure boundary design or fabrication
Safety class and all safety requirements and associated criteria
Radioprotection classification
Overpressure protection / all other protections
Transport/ Storage/ Installation
Field experience, when available
Maintenance, surveillance, inspection requirements, ageing considerations
List of documents to be transferred to Utility by Manufacturers
September 13, 2013
19WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 19
Typical INA Safety Culture Bespoke Courses
September 13, 2013
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Safety Organization
Your product or your service in a NPPPossible deviations and consequences on NPP
Safety Culture in your company
1- Introduction2- Plant Description3- SSCs
1- Safety Principles2- Safety Regulation3- Safety Analysis
1- Place of your product or service2- Associated Safety Functions3- Safety Analysis and Consequences of deviation
1- collective commitment by leaders and individuals to emphasize safety in your company
20WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 20
Exemple 1 : Valinox Nucléaire (SG tube)
September 13, 2013
Safety Culture Training of 500 employeesSimulation of SG tube rupture and safety consequences
21WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 21
Exemple 2 : Velan (Valves)
September 13, 2013
Safety Culture Training of 250 employeesIdentification of VELAN valves in NPP and safety consequences in case of dysfunction
Safety Injection SystemReactor Heat Removal System
22WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 22
Conclusions
September 13, 2013
Safety Culture: collective commitment by leaders and individuals to emphasize safety
with extremely large different persons concernedLarge concern training has to be adapted case by case to each safety concerned actor
INA is an actor through different training courses to support Safety Culture:Safety Culture adapted to particular "components" or "services" in a given companyNational and International Nuclear RegulationInternational Nuclear Codes & StandardsComparison of international practices
INA can design specific training programs adapted to your process and your environment:from few hours to few days format depending on your needsfrom designers and manufacturers to operators and managing teamBased on the large French Nuclear Experience grouped around the Partner in Nuclear Business
2 important examples of company "Safety Culture Training Courses" are on-going:Steam generator tube manufacturer: 500 employeesSafety valve manufacturer: 250 employers
www.inuclear-academy.com
23WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 23September 13, 2013
Thank you
: + 33 385 423 698
www.inuclear-academy.com