Classification Videos

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F38BmgPcZ_I

Classification Definition

Classification: The science of placing living organisms into categories on the basis of their observable characteristics.

Why Classify? Scientists have identified and named about

1.5 million species, they estimate that anywhere from 2 to 100 million remain

Why Classify?

To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner

Why Classify?

Taxonomy – a discipline of Biology in which scientists work to classify and assign each organism a name

IB Assessment Statement

List seven levels in the hierarchy of taxa—kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species—using an example from two different kingdoms for each level.

New Frog Species in BorneoMicrohyla nepenthicola

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Animalia

Chordata

Mammalia

Cetacea

Balaenopteridae

Balaenoptera

musculus

Plantae

Coniferophyta

Pinopsida

Pinales

Taxodiaceae

Sequoia

sempervirens

King Phillip Came Over For Good Supper

Blue Whale Coast Redwood

King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup Kissing P

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tter Feels

Gross S

ometim

es

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Did King Phillip Come Over For G ood Soup?

KingdomsEubacteria

Archaebacteria

Protista

Plantae

Fungi

Animalia

DOMAIN EUKARYA

DOMAIN ARCHAEA

DOMAIN BACTERIA

Section 18-3

THREE DOMAINS

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Linnaeus's System of Classification

Species and genus are the two smallest categories.

Grizzly bear

Black bear

Grizzly bear

Black bear

Giant panda

Genera that share many characteristics are grouped in a larger category, the family.

Linnaeus's System of Classification

Red fox

Grizzly bear

Black bear

Giant panda

An order is a broad category made of similar families.

Linnaeus's System of Classification

Black bear

Giant panda

Grizzly bear

Red fox

Linnaeus's System of Classification

The next larger category, the class, is made of similar orders.

Abert squirrel

PHYLUM Chordata

Black bear

Giant panda

Grizzly bear

Red fox

Abert squirrel

Coral snake

Several different classes make up a phylum.

Linnaeus's System of Classification

Black bear

Giant panda

Grizzly bear

Sea star

Abert squirrel

Coral snake

The kingdom is the largest and most inclusive of Linnaeus's taxonomic categories.

Linnaeus's System of Classification

Red fox

Grizzly bear

Black bear

Giant panda

Sea star

Coral snake

Abert squirrel

IB Assessment Statement

Outline the binomial system of nomenclature.

Assigning Scientific Names

A Swedish botanist, Carolus Linnaeus developed a two-word naming system called binomial nomenclature

Assigning Scientific NamesIn binomial nomenclature each species is assigned a

two-part scientific name

1. Genus – a group of closely related species like Ursus – bears, it is the first word in the species name

2. Species – the second part of binomial nomenclature that is specific to the species

Binomial nomenclature

Rules for binomial nomenclature:1. the first name is the genus name2. the genus name is capitalized3. the second name is the species name4. the species name is not capitalized5. italics are used if the name is printed6. the name is underlined if handwritten

Homo sapiens, Panthera leo, etc.

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Hierarchy of classification

Organisms are classified into the 5 -kingdoms : 1. Prokaryotae,

2. Protoctista,

3. Fungi,

4. Plantae

5. and Animalia.

This system uses the five kingdom classification system of Margulis and Schwartz (based on Whittaker), which is found in most textbooks.

Amit Mishra - NES International School Mumbai