Classification of Instruments and It's rec

8/3/2019 Classification of Instruments and It's rec

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SCISSORS

this surgical instrument is mainly used to cut body tissues.

SUTURE SCISSOR

Have blunt points to prevent structures close to the suture from

being cut. The scrub person may use scissors to cut sutures

during preparation if needed.
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Bandage scissors are angled tip scissors, with a blunt tipon the bottom blade, which helps in cutting bandagewithout gouging the skin.

Bandage scissors are very popular in any health carfacility because they are designed to safely lift bandageaway from skin for easy cutting. The bottom blade of th

scissor is longer and goes easily under the bandages. Thblunt tip design of the scissor prevents accidental injur while making bandage removal very easy, smooth, anquick. The scissors safely lifts bandage away from skin foeasy cutting.

CURVED MAYO SCISSOR Used to cut heavy tissues (fascia, muscle,

Uterus, breast)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scissorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_facilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_facilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accidental_injuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scissorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_facilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_facilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accidental_injury


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MAYO STRAIGHT

Common to most surgical trays, used for cutting densetissue where Metz scissors are too delicate.

used to cut suture and supplies

L

O

N

G

METZENBAUM SCISSOR

SHORT METZENBAUM SCISSOR
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C

U

RVED METZENBAUM (PRINCE)

The most common scissors use for cutting delicate

tissue.

HEMOCLIP APPLIERS AND HEMOCLIP

FOLDER WITH HEMOCLIPS

A device for applying a plurality of hemoclips to blood

vessels and the like includes a longitudinally disposed frame

having a pistol grip and an opposed trigger lever extending from


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the proximal end thereof. A narrow, internal passageway extends

the length of the frame, from a loading opening at the proximal

end to a fixed lower jaw at the distal end of the frame. A plurality

of U-shaped hemoclips is disposed in the passageway with the

points thereof extending toward the distal jaw portion. An upper

jaw extends from a clevis member which straddles the frame andis pivotally joined to an upper medial portion thereof. The

trigger lever is pivotable to cause the clevis member to pivot

upwardly and the upper jaw to close upon the lower jaw to crush

a hemoclip disposed there between. A piston resiliently biased in

the internal passageway urges the hemoclips toward the jaw

portion, and a feed release lever is disposed at the proximal end

of the passageway to discharge a hemoclip from the passagewayto the jaw portion with each full actuation of the upper jaw.

NEEDLE HOLDERS


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WEBSTER NEEDLE HOLDER

Needle holders are surgical instruments, similar to a

hemostat, used to hold a suturing needle for suturing tissue

during surgical procedures. The parts of a simple needle holder

are the jaws, the joint and the handles
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Straight_needle_holding_forceps.jpg


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CUTTING INSTRUMENTS,

SCALPEL HANDLES AND

BLADES

SCALPELS

The type of scalpel most commonly used has a reusablehandle with a disposable blade.

Most handles are made of brass; the blades may bmade a carbon steel. The blade is attached to the handle byslipping the slit in the blade into the grooves on the handle.

An instrument, never the fingers, is used to attach anddetach the blade; this instrument, usually a heavy

haemostat or Kelly clamp, should not touch the cuttingedge. Blades vary by size and shape; handles vary by widthand length:

A No. 10 blade is used most often. This blade has
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Various_scalpels.png


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a rounded cutting edge along one side and fits on

Nos. 3, 7, 9 handles.

Nos. 20, 21 , and 22 blades are the same shape but

are larger; they fit on No. 4 handles.

A No. 11 blade has a straight edge that comes to asharp point, it fits on Nos. 3, 7, and 9 handles.

A No. 12 blade is shaped like a hook, with the

cutting edge on the inside curvature. It fits on

Nos. 3, 7 and 9 handles.

A No. 15 blade has a smaller and shorter curved

cutting edge than a No. 10 blade. This blade also fits on Nos. 3, 7 and 9 handles.

A No. 15 C blade has the same shape but is smaller

for tiny incisions, such as those for some pediatric

procedures.

A No. 23 blade has a curved cutting edge tha

comes

to more of a point that Nos. 20, 21, and 22 blades.

The No. 23 blade fits on a No. 4 handle.

An assortment of blades with angulations an

configurations for specific uses, such as Beaver blade

also are used. These blades insert into a speciauniversal handle that secures by turning a screw-in

collar. Disposable scalpels are available.


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TISSUE FORCEPS

1.TISSUE FORCEP WITH TEETH
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2. RUSSIAN TISSUE FORCEP

3. ALLIS TISSUE FORCEP

4. RUSSIAN TISSUE FORCEP

are forceps which have been designed to grip tissue.

The ends of the forceps are equipped with small teeth

which act to grasp the tissue under consideration,

allowing people to manipulate it as needed.

GRASPING

INSTRUMENTS


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BOBCOCK CLAMP

For grasping soft tissue or bowel.

forceps with loop blades which are also semicircular

in sagittal cross-section. Designed to hold a short length ofintestine without compressing it.


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ALLIS CLAMP

Often used for grasping soft tissue such as breast

tissue or bowel tissue


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KOCKER(OCHSNER) CLAMP

Used to grasp bone or fascia.


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FOERSTER SPONGE FORCEPS


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a two-bladed instrument with a handle, used forcompressing or grasping tissues in surgical operations,

handling sterile dressings, and other purposes.


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BACKHAUS TOWEL CLAMP

a clamp used for fixing drapes to the skin of anesthetizedpatients. A scissor action with ratchet fixation at the finger

loops and sharp, incurving, needle-like blades.

CLAMPINGINSTRUMENTS


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MOSQUITO(HALSTED)CLAMP

A small, straight or curved hemostatic forceps used to

hold delicate tissue or compress a bleeding vessel.
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KELLY CLAMPS:CURVED AND STRAIGHT

a curved hemostat without teeth, introduced forgynecologic surgery.
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CURVED CRILE CLAMP

A forceps with pronged jaws designed to engage the jawof a rubber dam clamp so that they may be separated to pass

over the widest buccolingual contour of a tooth.

RETRACTORS

When an incision is made, it has to be kept

open during surgery. This job of keeping the

incision wide open by retractors.

These instruments are used to pull back

the tissues so that the surgeon can easily access.

Retractors are made available in different

sizes and shapes.

For instance, lung retractors may be used

to push aside the lungs gently for getting an

unobstructed view of the surgical site.


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ARMY NAVY RETRACTOR

Common to the both major and minor orthopedic andgeneral surgery trays

(manual) is used to retract shallow or superficial

incisions. Other names: USA, US Army


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DEAVER RETRACTORS

(manual) is used to retract deep abdominal or chest

incisions. Available in various widths.


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RICHARDSON RETRACTOR

(manual) is used to retract deep abdominal or

chest incisions. Available in various widths.

MALLEABLE RETRACTORS

A malleable retractor is a flat length of low-
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carbon stainless steel , silver or silver plated copper

that may be bent to the desired angle and depth

for retraction.


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DEEP GELPI RETRACTOR

Most commonly used in orthopedic and spine surgery.

BALFOUR ABDOMINAL RETRACTOR

A Balfour retractor is a surgical instrument which is

used by a surgeonto hold open abdominal incisions during alaparotomy. Retractors of all shapes and sizes are used toclearly expose the surgical site during surgeries so that thesurgeon can see what he or she is doing, and they work in a

variety of ways. In the case of a Balfour retractor, the deviceholds itself in place, leaving the hands of surgeon and

assistants free to focus on surgical tasks. In laparoscopic
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-laparotomy.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-laparoscopic.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-laparotomy.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-laparoscopic.htm


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surgery, retractors are not used, with the surgeon making aseries of small incisions and viewing the site of the surgery

with cameras.

This particular retractor consists of a long rod with twoattached loops on either side and a central retractor blade.

The loops can be pushed apart to open up the wound, and aratcheting device holds them in place, although Balfourretractors have been known to slide themselves closed underintense pressure. The central blade can be raised or loweredto increase the view of the surgical field or to hold tissue out

of the way so that a surgeon can operate


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WEITLANER RETRACTOR

Available with both sharp and dull jaws.

an instrument or appliance for drawing back an impeding

part, as the edge of an incision.

RIB SPREADER A rib spreader is a type ofretractor specifically

designed to separate ribs in thoracic surgery.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/thehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retractor_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/thehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retractor_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib


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Senn Retractors


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Senn retractors are double ended retractors used in

surgical procedures. One end is typically L shaped, and

the other has three bent prongs. The pronged ends come

in sharp and dull tips.

They are regularly used in hand and foot surgeries.
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ACCESORY

INSTRUMENTS

FRAZIER SUCTION TIPS

It is a right angle tube with a small diameter , it is used

when encountering little or no fluid except capillary bleeding

and irrigating fluid , such as in brain, spinal, plastic, or

orthopaedic procedures . The frazier tip keeps the field dry

without the need for sponging.
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POOLE ABDOMINAL TIP

It is a hollow tube with perforated outer filter shield .It i


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used during abdominal laparotomy or within any cavity inwhich

copious amounts of fluid or pus are encountered. The outerfilter

filled prevents the adjacent tissues from being pulled into theSuction apparatus.

ASPIRATIONBlood, body fluid, or tissue may be aspirated manually to

obtain specimen for laboratory examination or to obtainmarrow

For transplantation. Suction is often performed with a needle

and syringe.


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TROCARIt is needed to cut through tissues for access to fluid or a body cavity

A trocar has sharp cutting edges at the end of a hollow tube. Acannula

with a blunt end fits inside the trocar to keep fluid or gad fromescaping

until the cannula is removed.
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CANNULA

A cannula with a blunt end and perforation around thetip

may be used to aspirate fluid without cutting into tissue.

Cannulas also are used to open blocked vessels or ducts for

drainage or to shunt blood flow from the surgical site.
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VIEWING Surgeons can examine the interior of body cavities,

hollow organs or structures with viewing instruments and

can perform any procedures through them.

SPECULUMS

The hinged blunt blades of a speculum enlarge and holdopen a canal (e.g vagina, rectum) for a cavity(e.g nose.) An

ear speculum is like a funnel.
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ENDOSCOPES

The round or oval sheath of an endoscope is insertedinto a

body orifice or through a small incision, each type ofendoscope

Is designed for viewing in a specific anatomic location.
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STAPLERS

Whether reusable or disposable ,all surgical staples are

Bulky, heavy instruments. Reusable staplers have many

moving parts and are disassembled for cleaning andassembled

at the sterile field before use. Sterile- single use, disposable

staplers that are completely assembled eliminate the many

problems associated with reusable instruments .The staples

are usually made from titanium , stainless steel , or
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absorbable material.

CLIP APPLIERS

Individual staples can be placed with a preloaded orsingle

clip applier. These clips are used to mark tissue and to


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occlude vessels or small lumens of tubes. Powered or

manual styles are available. Endoscopic clip appliers have

been used for many years with laparoscopic tubal occlusion

for reproductive sterilization.

SURGICAL NEEDLES

COMMON SUTURE NEEDLES AND USES

NAME BODY EYE POINT COMMONUSAGE

Keith Straight Both Spear SkinKing 3/8 circle Both Spear Rentention

sutures


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Fistula 1/2circle(heavy)

Eye Spear Back and thighmuscles

Trocar 1/2 circle Both Trocar CervixScalp 1/2 circle Eye Trocar Scalp

Reverse Cutting 3/8 circle Both Spear Skin, plasticsurgery

Ferguson 1/2 circle

(medium size)

Both Round Subcutaneous,

fascia,peritoneum,abdominal

muscleMayo

Gastrointestinal1/2 circle heavy Both Round Uterine muscle

Cardiovascular 1/2 circle(thin)1/2circle(doublearm 2-needles)

Bothatraumatic

RoundRound

GastrointestinaCardiovascular

SUGICAL SUTURE

Is a medical device used to hold body tissuestogether after an injury or surgery. It generally
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Atraumatisches_Nahtmaterial_17.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_(biology)


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consists of a needle with an attached length ofthread.

Different Surgical

Instruments andTheir Functions

Various basic maneuvers are common to all surgical procedures.

The surgeon dissects, resects, or alters tissues and/ or organs to

restore or repair bodily functions or body parts. Bleeding must be

controlled during process.Surgical instruments are designed toprovide
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Needlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Needlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread


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the tools the surgeon needs for each maneuver , whether they aresmall

or large , short or long straight or curved, sharp or blunt , all

instruments can be classified by their function . Because the nomen-

clature is not standardized, names of specific instruments must be

learned in the clinical practice setting. All instruments should beused

only for their intended purpose, and they should not be abused.


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University of Perpetual Help System Jonelta- GMA

Campus

Barangay San Gabriel, GMA Cavite

College of Nursing

Requirement

In RLE

Submitted by:Buergo, Melanie

Bunan, Edgar AllanCabagong, Jonah Mae

Cadalin, Glory AnnCalica, Ma.Fe

Caluya, EdgardoCarunungan, Leni

Caserial, Glorie AnnCastillo, Cristine May

Celis, Edgil Edison

BSN IIIA/ Group 4

Submitted to:

Araceli Amurao, RN, RM, MANClinical Instructor


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Operating

Room

Instrumentsand Their

FunctionsBSN IIIA/Group 4

04 May 2011

Documents

Classification of Instruments and It's rec