CLASSIFICATION CANCELED DOE NSI DECl../\SSIFICATION REVIEW E.O 12958 BY· .J ..... •roe.ls~ DOE/S0-70 /0·3-0!f"

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M D tl - \ - t £..b 1 THIS DOCUMENT CONSISTS OF ..... .l.9 . ... PAGE(S) I NO . .... , . .3 ....... OF .. .... :4. .... . COPIES, SE;:tIES .... A ... .

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BOOK I,. G.Blfl'}F..AL • V\1L'OM'£ 4, AUXlulAHY AC'l:lVI'l'lllS C~li 7, CvNfR!l:HJ'.i'lOli.$ OF ~.Plt1!;$"t~fA.TlVFIS

~n~ THE MANliA1'T.b.N DIST.RIOT TO THE DI .SCUS.SlON$ A.~1) .Plt'OWStW..S li\Hi INT:t~mlATI~INAL C0iaTI~1.:L.

UBLEi Ot, CO.NTENTS ..................... - .

fbe 'N"ee•Nation .Agroed U.clvatio-u

lf&etlng ot the· Fot>e1"1 Mild stfJrs in Y'..o •c::QW

'fh« <hne,a.1 Aeeeb.ly • • .A:u.thoril6:Ltitnii .of the t1ni tad. N!ktiona Atomio ~&.rQ' G.:itnmieeio-n

W.emberahlp· oE tlw Com;mi:ssien

'.l?htt united $taw• Deiega:tto.n

•rtie Se.ot"etary ot $tate•a· ~ttfle

'lihe Boa.l'"d ot Co.tiwl t<in ta

'.fl\$ Ae.heaou•.tilienthal. Report ·

t'lftt. 13&ruoh'$ Or~ia.tion

Individuals

Ptlb.lioa. t1o:ne

Omiastoua

Statue a.1 of ,1 Deoem.ber l'i46

AppondiX • keteronoea

szetlftI!¥ INFORMA~ION

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BOOK 1. G&"tl;f~ - f~)1,,Ulv$ 4, Ali:<l:WivJl AC'.t'IvlXIi.i!S CHA.PX';>lt 71 OCNTRl.UlJtlON S OF Ri.fila\li?A'llYES

OF THE MANHA!?JU; DISTRICT '10 Tlm llISCUSSI0NS AND PROl'OSAtS FV.R Il'.U'l:~R.NAt!OliAL OON'ff!.DJ ...

l•l• :the Preaid!fJ'lt'• ?le,••&• to .~'fl.l!l••,•,• • l?red.dent fr.'*1An,

1n hla aea&age to Congreae Qu } October 1~5. advocated p~t aotlott

tor th& contitO'& ot atomio en&J'gy, not only domeatloal.ly but int~-

tionall7. Whll• requosttng imm.odiate ooae•tie legj.u•t!.Qn he emphAaia•

ed. &lao the UJ'gElaO)f Of O~ning bternathna1 &gt'~H•&n\t nnt.aoueato.n

of' the tnternatlo•l ,ptQblGIQ oamiot be• •t•l.1 d•l~ until the· Uhi tea.

NatloDi• \lr£~md.u.tlO'n l• tw:i.otioning", he s:t:atea. and, tb&rotoJ'o. di.­

ouaa1on•, .tii'•t Jd.\h ~eat :atoltatn ·and flrmaa., aa4 ·fr.hen with o~ u•

ti~ri•• woul.d 0. inltlated i.n "an ei'tort i» ~.-k out anang1mwta oover­

!ng the term• W1dor ~fJ4 bltetnatt.onal oellal»ration aatl exonango ot

aclttntt.tlo Wor.matlon llipt $af;Uy pl"Ooeeui. n ''In 1:at.emat1o:&tA1 rela•

ttou•, ba saicl" 1'•• ~ doll.es-ti• affair•• the ffl•ae ot e.tomlo en/J,~§'

con•Utuw• • new tore• too ~no1uti<>•rf' to oon•idw in. the ~rt

ot old td••1' fte etm, no 1onF r.13 ¢11. tllo alo:w· pr<>,.•• ot time w

develop • pjiogl'Ul ot c.ntrol eaong Mt.ion•••• fhe hl.:>p• ot e1Vil1sation

ll•• bi int4rnat1ona1 ·~g-.nt• looklng. lt po sable, to the rew:i..­

oiation ot tni. \ti& and dewlOJ.l"nt ot the atomio borab., and direot:t;.ng,

and &noouraging the us• ot atomio energy end all future aoientifio in•

fol'mAtion towJl'd pMoe:t'ul and hW.JUWi~rian cmd•• Th• dU'.ficu.lt1es in

working out euoh arrangements a:re gr-.t. The alternative to overcoming

these ditf'1oult1cu. however. may be a desperate &.rll16\li:.e:nt race vrhioh

might well end. in dieauter ••• '' (Re:feren<.!esr l, PP• 15. l6J and 2.)

\'iashi>1gton w1 th lTilno Minioter King ot• Canada and Prime :Minister Attlee

ot Great Brita.in. 10 bJ, 15 Nov•ber 191+5, it \ft!Ls agreed that the ini t1•

ati:ve fo~ instituting movea t0We.rd international agreement res~d on

"tho tlwoe aouutrte• wich po1ueaa the • ,pentttll. knowledge ct a~o

·•uara"• It •• uao mad.• olear. howv.er, that tn.. reeponel. b1l1ty tor

devi•lll& mHn• to control tho r1ew dlnov•f7 reeted on all nations 61~ ...

lfupon the whole civ111.1od world"• 1t ·na; deo1d•d• thflt•fo.re* w n~·

a~d th.at a coJDJat aJ•1~n $hould be •t up Ullld•r the Un1 ted ti at!.ont to ,

prepare recomlfil.d&tione on atomic •n1Jrgy .tor ai;ibmi.aaion to ·that oriw•

nt1on. Thia reoo_.nU..ti.on wa-e •bodied in ,thl1 fbree-r~atie>n .Agreed

n.claration, of 1!5 NQ,..l>el- l.~5• , (Ref'.ereno••• l. P• 341 ~d '•)

1•3· , ?le•ti!i& 9-t th• .Ferne •ni~t•i:! yi •~'!!. .. fh8 tonigu

Ui.nts~• of th4J Soviet f!n!Qnt, th• Unlted Kt.ti~, and the ,United,

Sta ttl• held th•S.l' next meeting in lib $00\r ~ 16 to 2.6 Del~ l.~5•

qd the proposal• 09ntaino4 in thf>. '.O\ree-N'•tioii Agreed lieolan.t;:ton f;;f

15 Novt!!Cn~r 19!~5. weH introduoed at that .meeting. fhe draftin'5; Q~ a

propos•l tnr a. ilnlted Nations Colmrd.seion <>n Atomio Enel"'gy •• one ot

tho aetivit:lea on which, agreeinont •s reached. A• p:ropoaed. th• mea•

bor-oh1p of the Commia•ion would consist OJ one r.eprea~te.ti:v• troa eaoh

of those stat.ea 1•eprodnted on the S$e~ity Council. and Oatlada whon

th.at state waa not a member of the Security CoWloil• The tlwee Gowrn•

s~rrr. INFORMA'.CION

with th• in oul:mitting the proposed re&:>lution to the Auembly ot the

1-4• .Th~ .. l!_erl;er8'1 Assemb!J:'.~'lorization or the Ui\it$d Na'tiona

Atomi!'. !5~erq C~S$io17. - At the .t'it"at m•etittg of the General Assem­

bly,. in tfJndon trom 10 January t» 14 February 1~, the British Gowrn-

m.ent propoeed that the reeolution . which ltad be<m dl"afiied at fib scow be

&tided to . the a.go:nd.& of' the .:.,\oem.bly (on 4 J•nuary lS\!P),. CUJ4 on 2J+ J$Xl•

uaey .lstt(> the roeolutton autbori1!n:g the Oon:d.esio~ on Atom.lo Enerr3

ftt approved in the General A.a~bly nth no 4!1''911t1xig wtea. 4\ftQr

~· obang•• in seh.;du.U.ng, it•• arran~d that. th• ~••1t?n ahO.uld.

h()ld ita firet uet:f.ng ln N.,- fork City on. ll.a. .Jlune l~P• (W~r-eno•tH

1 .. pp • . 29-,11 and; • .)

1•5• . ~bet:,ht,, .ot · ~~ . ~aeio~ • :l!he. me-r~p o~ ~. Coa­

mies1on •• ~aecl ~t't Auatral ... , Brnd•lj o.i.da. Cbtnai, ~mt.

Ir.no•, Nmct.oo# Netherland~, PolNKt, Union of Soviot So0,~aliat Repubooo

U~O$• tfh1:ted lttngdOli!l1 o.n4 t)d~d statee or kitJl"iaa. (EQf~OnCtU l.'

P• 'l•) · .

1-0. ~b.e . 11n.1~ stat~• Dtt~9etion. • ~\• ~ced on l Augaot ·

19'.;6. the tollWldng serve~ fol' th• United Sta.to~u

1..froe John M. IfN.i;oook

lb". feJ"dill$.nd lilber:stadt

~y INFORMillON

Mr. ?lwa:nae F • .Parr•ll

Mr. John h.rka .oovia, ix"'wtl.ve O.ftiov

Le:YAl Advieoraa Ur. Chul•• lahy (Depa.r~t of State)

Ur. John B. Howard (~i-rt.mont ot State)

Mr· ! enry G. lngrahaa (.liepa:r1:m~nt ot State)

S\'mtativ. to the Coml!liaa14l>n o~ 18 .fitutob l~. {Ret.,.eoe• lt P.P• 31•33. ,.

In the '1i'trat f<e,POrt ot tlw Llnited. ~ationa Ato~4 Energr

Oommiaeion to ~ S.our-l ty Council'&• <:latod Jl DeOeilllber 1~1 tu 1.'ol•

low.ing are liatod a• -the "Rep:rctaontatiw• •nd Aiiv'i.a.ra'' tor ~ Ul:d.t94

Btatest

t&r. ~er<linancl Kboret:aclt

*J• o.m. l'bDma• i'• larr.-11

~.John L ~oQJt

Mr. Joapeh Chase

l1r. Arthur lie Compton

:Ar. John f1arks JJa.vi&

Mr. Charles J/a!ry

Dr .• Paul c. Fine

lti'• Denna r. i'lllllling

Dr· lJ.nooln GoJ'don

*J• ~. IA.U• R. <Jron•

r1r. John a • .l.:lo-wari

~. .Franklin '"* lAndaat

Dr. J,. Robert Oppenheimeri

Dr. .Isado~ r. ftabi

.L.t. Col. John R. Ruhott

sir. Joseph Volpe, Jr• (RefoJ'ctnoea 6,. Annex 2)

~~~' . w. .. .. . . . t •..

~e'!fli1Ii¥ INFORMATION

R ... r@lt•·~~- .. , •. , t " .... ' ,, . - . . •. ~ .. . .A., . .,,,,. J.., . ' ' ...... .... ,

the United Nations General Assembly, Seoreta:ry of State Byrnaa. a.ntioi•

p&ting tb&t f&vorabl• anion \10uld bo taken, appo1nted a Committee of

t1ve members• "tx> study the subjeot 0£ oontrola and aafe~rds necea­

ee.ry to pro~t th1• Government so tha. t ths per19o·ns lt$refll'tlir selected

tct ril'preffn.t the t1nit1.ul ~tee on ·tho CoJlmlission oo.n he.v• the oonoi'it

of the Study. T.lw <lcllftdttH will be reql.leatcd, whil$ en~t;6d in tltoir

atu.dy. 'bba't tl1ey k .. p in tiouob w1 th. the appl'optia t. Oon~l"$GQOX!,8.l Com.•

mitt•••"•· tft>• Byni•1• e.ppotnted the tollowing w tb.1:S Commit.toe:

!fr .. Dean Acheson. Under Secre~ry ot State. tt'\fhu will act a.a

QM,1~"•

Yr. John J. !foQloy .. tomer Aatistant Seor.eta:rr ot wt;r~

and "tM three men no ~pttniaed and di.rsoted th$ dovelQpz..t•n'b ot

IlP. Vann.eva.r !hum;

Dr. Jame.t. i. CQ.ruu1t1 a?ld°

were a. part and that tlw C011uuia:d.011 would look to w Aia.ei-1Q&ll l"epre ...

aentative to put forwai-d e. plan"~ Tho Committee a.l.ao agre~ tba't it

as. first essential "to ha.ve a. report propa.reti EW&lydng and e.ppraiaing

all the relevant taota and f1:>m\ll.ating propoaal.s", und it appo1ntod.,on

Dr. 4'ii Robert Oppenheim.e:r. W.reotor of ~ ~tiold., l»alJ- lalior&:-tory

•t Loa Alamoa· durin& t he war1

Dr. ChOrlee .iUl·Qn :CM=.a,. Vioo• ·"r1taidwtt a,nc'i Teolmioal l:lireowr~ . . ' .

Mon $.t.n to Chomico.l · <4•up~ l ·

Mr ·• ~27 4. ?ibi."le, Vico•P1"•-1d4m"- ~ ~~ ~t' · Sn~neerit\$ Poli•

l-9• T~• . Ache.,n•~U.;.entMl ~fea"~ • 1'h• n"'1t t1E tr. ®abiJi•

e.¢ etfort• et th.Oat ·t.o vo\ilpa ·wt.a ·~ ''ReP'> .. , ~a vi. Int~rna~onal

Cont r<>l of A~io Bno.rg"" thcf aa•Qal.l.,e4 Aolw,On~W.l1enthal lte.PQ-rt.

whioh "*'• dt.ted 16•17 *roh 1946 and ud• p~blict on 28 lluo.b l~.

?h:i11 repo:-t wa1 into-nfl,sd ~• i.. •~king pet.per to~ PQl1o~ng o.t'£1•

c~la• and. •• ~ C9n•ultuta point.4 O&&t. l "b aW.ci be oonalct.'4

ttno:t aa a fln&l plan. but a piao. to begil'lt a .t.'oWJ.datlon OA whioh· 'Co

'builti '*. /l..'l()the.r ,fu;r1otion of th.• npor·t wae to ae'i-v• 11 a• a eul. table

•ta~ing ,poililt i'cr tho ini'on;.ecl ,pu'blio dl\.-aouatiou. whioh 1• or;u, ot tho

essential. facrtoi~a in develo;ping aound. polioytt, •• •tated. a,- Geor•tai'f

Byrn•• in a toreWDrd ot the io•port. (Rot'•renoeaa l., PP• '4. 35J and

SECTION 2. CO?JT!UBUTIONS or MPJUfATTll.N DISTRICT l'EROOlfi:iBL.

2•1• J{r• Buuohi~ Or§an!s&tio~i. • fhe tongoing pnsenta & we

outline of tn. <Wente leading up to the cliaouesiona and d•libet"ation•

ot the United Nat1ona Atold.a Bnero COmmiesion. 1n Whioh the tlnited

Statee R.,.,eam&ta.tiv•. ?,,.. Bernard M • .Baruoh• took a l..cling pat"t• &I

he waa compelled, by the leadtna poaition o~ the United ·State1 1n ~

ti•l4 ot atomie energy,; t.o ®• A number ot ilanhatta.n D1atr1ot and tor­

_.,. !fanhattau D1atr1ot per1JO.nnel •de invaluable oontribut1ona. ot in•

.tt.oneatt.on an.d a.d.viQ•, to the wurk ot 1*-. &wen -.nd hi• d•legation.

SQJne ot thoae repre11ei'lA*ti'fta aDCl ISOJ.l• ot tho ulp they ooutributed

haft alJ"ed)' bMn mAmtlonecl ·Sn ~ proc11d1ng lntnduoto17 paragrapluu

Mt.jor Gueral Grov.e • .or. O.Pi>.nMim•r• ~. Tolman, Pr. Thoma•• Najor

General Fan'•ll. Dr. Bkeher, ~. Comptliln, • rt'a.rl, ~. X.lley, Lt.

Col.- Ruhott, Dr+ ttny,, fU1d Ur ... Volpe. It wa-e natunl u4 1.ne'ri.tahl•

that *• Jilaruoh IMUld lean btaY11¥• tor. ••aiatano•, upoa tho• Who bad

taken on aot tY• part in the •n ot the l'lanhe.tt&n Diat riot. Ae. u au •t tho tis ot hl• IlQldnat1:0zi., h4J l ookod to the 1115tion• a fol"a<>.at. aol•

entlata tor "tu n•c.•..,., eo1entit1o guldaace" • a.n4 tor th• lnduatl"1al.

details ot un~0.Wr• he looi.G "to Gener&l Grovea e.nd those in AnleFi""' ·

can ind~•tl'y Who ban aad• a evo••• ot thtt us• of e. tGaio ener gft.. ln

adcli'bion to th• a•be:r• ot h1a •taft li•teci a.bow •• ot l Auguat l~.

Mr• Ba.ruoh l'llQrled Gen•ral Grove• aa hia oonaultAnt and appointed a Soi..;

~tif'ic Panel• to aaaiat hi• Soien.tifio Adviaer, Dr. Tol:i.n. Thia

panel inelu.ded1 Dr•• ft• '• koher:t. A•· Ji• Oompton, J• :a. Opponheiaor,

o. A• 1'hOB1Aa, a.nd u. c. Urey • .Ul nwn who had. taken leading parts in

~l!etliiiiV lNFORMATION

the 'WOrk ot the .11.!ianha.ttan D1etJ!'iot. (R$t'•r•noei i • . PP• 48. 49 •. )

2-2. IndiTidu&la. • lh th• sub•paragrfl.~Whioh tollow tM oon•

tri~tiona of individual Aranhattan Distrlot "r•pre1entat1vee1t are r.­

oapitulated and amplifi4Nl.

a. f\if.JQr G;G8i"•l L,• R. Grove! aened aa a wber ot the

. Secretary ot State•• Coalttee (o:t whj.oh »• Acheson.•• ohafl"Jllan.)

whloh acppointff th• loud ot Corurul tan" {ot Whio.h ur. Lilienthal -·

ohail'll6n) and •• ja1at17 r••pons1bl• ~r the ao•o.all•4 Acbeaon•

L.tlientbal lteport. O.Mrkl aro.... hl"Y•d. .... conal t.ant '° .... Baruch

and hla atatt. B'4 al• made a•i.,._,l• to 1'r• av.on•• ott'i- pu.on•

nfll. Wonaatio-n and tao111ti•• tbrougti 'V&rioua paitt• ot W. Uanbattu

Di atri.o.t.

b. lt• {jfo~r. 1a~Ol'1 G.n!i;t-;l) ~· ';• ~J.li~ who baQ

aene4 •• 4-puty to Gtmeral G.-owa 1n tlw ~ttarl Diatriot d\U'ing ti.

war, .. FYed a• • m•ber ot 1lr'• ~h•e gou.p of Aas>o~•te•1 &ppoihted

in n.y l5i16•· fl.Jnaral JW~ll pe.rtiolpated in numeroua •ta.tr oonf•r­

enc•• and •P,.V•d btfto~ ~ttw Sot the!· United Nat.ion• A.to.lo in•

•ra aa..taslon 1n ltova~r l~ .. dving tlw d1 ..uadqtl ot t.ohni-1

aaf•g.131'4• required tor tbo in:ternationil cont:rol ot a.1b:a.t.c mug.

O• ~11., ~n. Kenne~ D. »ic,bo,1,1, Diatriot. Engin•• of

. the Manbai;taa D!.ati-to-t, ••ai.te.d Gcmenl aro ..... 1n hi• ael"'Yioe t.o Mr.

f3&ruoh and hi• •tatt. deaoribed abc!>v•• lie also oontribuWd Wl"1tten in•

fomation in the puili•tion1 hereinafter d••or1bod.

de Dr. J • Ro'be!t Oppenhe~•.i:• Who had ~ DiJ"ootor ot

the Lo• Alazlloa 1aborft.tol")", aerwel aa a manber ot the Boa.rel ot Ooneu.ltanta

;: r::1'"f F. . , ( ~~.NJ!'O:R.MA'l" T ()J\T

{of whioh. Mr. Lilienthal was oha1.rmn:n) w'.oJ.oh was jointly respond.bl••

with the Se.crotary or atate•a Cor.unittoe., for tU. so-called Ach.eson­

Lilien thal Report. ita o.lao served as a manber or the Scientifio Pan•l

appointed by 1,JJt. Baruch w aadst ~. Tolman, Soientitic Advioet'• and

assisted 1n roprosont1ng the United Stittos on th• So1entitio ao.d reoh•

nioal Coan'.itte& of the lb'MC. ll• EUSI) eontribllted wr1 tten intoi'mAtion

i.~l tn. publioo.tiona h&rcsi.na.t'tor de11cribed. a.n.4 wrote a pr•tac. to one

ot theft\.

et. 1-r.• IU.o,IUl.ra e~ ~1.ptan,. who had beo11 So1ent1£1o Ad:ri•

•t" to- m.n.ral Cirone 1.n tho ~ttan Dia:~iot diuri.ng ·the •r1 sened

•• a ••ber ot ~· kruon•• FOUP .ot adviaor•• 6ppo·i.nted in ~ l~'•,

Dr• tolm..en ser-v.cl Ml•tlice •• the a:oient.1.Zlo •dvi •v to the· um. tecl

State• Dtllega·l.rl:on through mo.at ot .the de11bor.,.ti.ons Md ntlJ~titttl.ona

dw.!ng l'iila6• 'M.tb th# •isair..Nioe o:t Dr~ Opponheimt»" 4nd Dr• Baohe1r

<m•bar• of. tho So1ent1ftQ Panel a~~.intod by tar• Saruob).f PF• fo1*n

repre,aentesd 'th• Uni~ ~t$• on the $t;1<mt1fio ancl t~cbn1CAl ~tue

ot the · -UNAme~ which pr&d.Uc•d a ~il• ..-.par~ on 26 $0ptembff i~

Dr• fol.man a.1·ao auponl•a4 the prct-ptu1itlon c$ tn. pu'blioa.ti.one httreiJP­

att•~· d4'acribe4 and wrote prehoeis or fo~rd• tMroto ...

"' " .... . . . .

·nr. R. F:. llaoh-er;t, whli ha4 b~en clotely aseociatil4

Vii th tho 1~~tten Project threugoo" ·imd had b•esi a lJiT.i#ion ~or in

P!lYaioa at .t.o• Al.amta eerv~ •• a. m:~bo.- ot th$ $oi•ntit1o Panel ap.•

90~tecl h1 Mr .. l3aruoh, Md auia-ted in r~-".&ent~g tho United. Statos

. on the Seio:n.tif!.c and Tec01 .. 'l!Cal Committoe o.f t~ fill.ABC~ aa doacrilied

publioationa hereinafter described.

(ot 'Which 1i.l-. Lilienthal we.is chairniM) '\vhich we.• jo1ntlf l'C&pOnai'ble

fol'" tll1' so-o-alled Aeheson-Lili•mthal lleport. Di·. 'flll:mllla also sorved ••

a member of thEt S~i9X'ltii'io VU.:no1 appointed by Mr. l1a.r1..u1h1 h$ a.lao au•

pervised a atuq. on "Nuclear ~", which wa.a l"EJpo.rteci 1n th:• pu'bl1•

ca.tions llft'&ine.ftor doaci-ibe.d., and to:atitie-4 baf'oro Cowu:Ustee lfot 2 ot

h. Dr. A. .U. Com.gton, who Md GGl'Wd on the A!i6u1hattan

F~jeet i:ie Dirootot ot the !ietall~gio'al Lamon.tory, "8rve4 a.a A ~bei,r

ot' the Soient:it'io l?o.n.,1 app"~tod by Ur. ~tth• Di". Compteii alM ~n­:;·

tn.but~ written Wol"Mti<:.in 1n the publioa.tiona 1*:'einatter d&seribft··

i• Dr. ,parql~ 9• ~ll who iv.d 'beqn olosoly aaoooi~tecl

vdtb th• iqa:Wa·e:~ Projoot tht'oueho\.lt and had sene4 aa Di.l'eo~~ 0£ tzw

St-Ul Labo,rato.ritHJ.• $Ei.rVQd e.a a ••b~I' ot tha 301ent:lf1.o P&nel apgointe:cl

by ~~ Baruch. Dr• Urey also. co.utributerl 'WJ"l°ttfin i.nt'orm.atioa in tn.

pu'bl1eationa huo1nAfter de•or"il>ed•

j. Colon~l G&ort;• •1•, .ll&&).er, J\l·~ Engine.or for th• 1.4aUi•

eon Squa,ra Arcia ot the Ma.nhatt&n Di.;tr'iot., provl.d@d useful aaaiatainc•

to Mr. llaruoh'• Qffii)e, aupplyin' aeeJ"et&rial p~aonnel and. faoilitlee

ot various kinda.

k. &t• Col• Jp!;B lf• nu_t-1.~f'.f, 0£ the J~ttan D1etriot.

w&a detailEJd to aid Ur. Tolman fl'Om the encl ot .JJAf to the end ot Jwie,.

s:selmH'l8 INFORMATION

l~. U. collected and organiz.cl acienti.f'io information and prepa1'ed a

literature IUJ"V&f in tho field or atomio enerQI'• Se helped 1n the pr••

p!iU"at:lon ot publ1oat1ona hereinaft.r des0t'11:>od. Ti• •• aa.S.•tecl by l~. -Geo,.e w. Rua .. 1.~•· tormei-11 a Major in tn. ltanhattan Diatriot, by ~·

We.nen F. X. Mi.cheer .. formel"lJ •t Oak ltidge, and by Lt. Rob•rt f.

Dodi,!• Mr.• a •. ~d JU.:~,r1 and• num:OV ot ellliated m.en from Oak lU.di;e•

J.., Colonel Kenneta lll. li•lu, ot tn. r.aahington ottloe

ot th• *Ma.ttan lli•tnot. AAd Lt~ Col. Willia s. Hutohin110n; Jr .. • ... • ... , t .. •• . • ... .

Mt.joF -¥ton p. ~nn•l\• fir• JJ.~r~ '•, b.o9•n,1 "1'•1 and z~. a. W&ri

. ilter ot Oak RJ.dge, all oontr1~tec1 by •upplying 1.ntonaation aa 1- d.­

olatalt'1oat1on pollc, and ta dMla1.df'lcat10.a atatua of soienUfio

aJ>ticl•••

-.. Mr,• JQe•ph ;voi:e,e, .Jr•• t'o:nMti-11 & C..ptain and then •

oon..,alten:t 1n th• Mlw.batt.aa Di•t.r1ot. •• •••iQ11ecl by Gen•Nll Grov•• to

••el•t in the wo:rk ot tiw Untte4 statea U.logatlon whl.l.• the 8ol•t1.tio

and Teohnical Oo.S. tb .. ot the Ull.ABC •• P"~ng it~• repo-rt during

Auguat -.i,id S.ptaoer. Ke alao atbi.•n the u. "• Repre.-ntat ive 011 •t•

t•r• pettai!U.ng to atoing an4 nw mateJ"i&l••

n. *· ~l~ . E • . K•l.lez., tOftll411'1y • .Li•u.taant Colonel.

Deput)' AHA Engineer ot the MacUeon ~o Area, •• aaaignod by Gener­

al Grov•e to provide teohnio&l ••a1atanc• to ~ Unite4 Stat&a U.l•g•l'il

· tion. He ,.. on• of the 'C&li t•4 St&tea oxperta who teati1'1e4 befor•

'ON.AEC Committee 2, •• lutffinatter d.eacrlbed.

o. Mr. Ola.reno• N. Karl, £onnerly a *-jo.l" in the Manhat•

tan Diatriot, •• aslipocl by- the !Miaon Square Area aa an

7.11

MO~l0iif,{jf~

ioiiilU'D' i TY INJ!'OKM.~J'Y:ON

i

P• Jlr. Robert W. Kirk:Un 1-dled all pereonnel tnveeti~

gat1ona from a ••curi ty standpoint. and cond\loted apeoial aeouri ty 1.n~ I

r veatlgationa •• requeewd. I

ti• tho te oonuotod wt. th tn. l~ttan Dietr1ot Who -~~

tri'bll"tttd ~t t.1tbao1t1 bGtor. Comniitte• 2 ot th• Unlttd Nation•

4tomio Energy eo.tatd.on incladed aom• ot tho• alr•«1 mimt1ou4 Gerieva.l Thomao;. f. f~ffel\,

&bo'ff •"l>it• ~harlea· A. ~· -.nd *'• W'ilbllr' s. bllq •and alto th9

toll~wlngt

VJtill Jo~ ij• Vancte. fot:INioly a .U.nt~t. Col<>n•l 1r1 tn•

*JUia"- Dlttriota in cwge or P»'ooo•• dev•lopast and cu.lytioal .~;

oonvol oi th• prc-dl1, tS.on of v-1• JJA4t'IJh'lial$'J '

\ \

I I

'\ l '· \ '

.·.•, nr•, ~re f..•. ,,lf/'>110.ok• V1e••h4'·td.dQl1t Of Ca.rbl(:l• 04. 06r•n

Cb.a.iaioal• Oorpt>r•tt.on.. 111 c~a• or th.e orgazdutJ.oa an4 op•ratt.011 of

the ga.tteous diti\ud.on pl.Qt •t oak Rtelge• (h;t-..en.o•.1 • 1, 6, 9•)

2•~ ;Nblioatlon•• • ti. pll\ll\l.ct.tio~a t'•lorl."•4 to n.relu .-.,,... . . . .

pnpar'od und•r. t>h• 4tlP6rvi-1011 ot Di-t to~ oo.o.tiat at a•v•a wiUIUi•

cm\t:t1e4 ttSo1•ntit1o Xntanaation TNA--1.ttecl to ~ United ~ .. ttou1

Atotnio. En.era ·Oomtzd.a.Uo.n b¥ tM. tkd.tod State• 'ttpreeenta-tiv.e•" fbe

t1r1"t wlu•,' oontain• a petao. by Dr'• tolman. who alm wrote a for•~

word tor- noaa-11 nery othezr vol••• The•• wlua•• oonta.1xiM. art1clee

by the following per•nn•l or termer p•r.unn•l ot thtt Uanhattan Pia•

tl1Pet, 'ot wbcm a ntaber have alrea~ bMn ~tioned.

Volume x. "13aclc:p-oW1d ln.totmatiGn" • 14 June 1946.

Dr. R. F. Sticher (see above) .....,._.._ ______ _ Alamo.s

Ooneral 1t. D. Nichole (He abo.vo)

Lt. Col. John R. Ruho:t' f . ( $Oe a.bove) - ~ .. - .

D,r• .Pht~!? }~~rri son, · pr1ysiaist o.t Loa J\lemos

DJ".- ii'laldq g ,. Gohn,, Chief at the Iladio:\.aotope Dav&lop-.

1nent Se.o·tton ot the Cl::Urt:ort Labovat<>rlea $.t 1J.k lUdg•

,Dr• _r. ~Ha:t.1 aop., .t:a,v11t•.> senior meillb~~ of thilJ Ch~$tey'

Di Vision ot the Clinton Labo.re. torte a Qt Oak ~tdge

!Jr• J'1hn 11,. ll·~~ne. Jr., seniGl" mem.b$1! of the Cnem1stey'

I.ii vi oi'>n ot th• Clinton :r.Abc:rat<>ti.e• • ·t Oak fi1dg•

Di>. :R. s. 'J)tonG, tor.merl;y i n ob.&.ra;t1 of li-1f.<lie-l Re.Be~h

of the Un.tve:rs1 ty of ea11r.0rnia. tor . th• • nnatt.an N.ttrio't

Volume Il, ":Beneficial t]eo8 ot Awmie t nerQ"'* ~ 10 Jul)'

Ii"r • .L:rnest o. I.p.w.r•enc.e., bireoti:.ir of the PAdi$.tion - • . l : • . . . ;

the J~tta.n Project throughout

I.Jr. JtiWOB ii'ra.nck,. form.er Dirootor of the Ch.U.stry

Divis~on 01' t he Metallurgical l.ra.boratory

$".tCURIW INFORMAIION

1..r • l.!'il to~ Burton, f!;)nr..or .:3eo'tion. Chi et of the Ohemi stzoy

Division ot' th~ Metallur~ica.l .t...;.l.) rv.Lc1·y

Dr. ~,ro ld c. ~rel ( eeo n oow)

Dr. Clarke Willia.ins, foru.ar Group Leader of the MM

Volu:ne III, "'Biblioe:;r~11hy im.d Cheek L1sttt • 15 August 1~

(Thia volwe inolud.ed a lis·t of publis®d artiqle~ o:u atomic fm .. erg:r#

~ e>i.' th'-14 by h.ill.nhattan Lli&tr1ct pt:1rson.nel..)

VolUllle IV, !1it' uc:Uaar l:'e-.-mr" f 5 Septe.:niber l9i..;0.. .~ at-udy.

~Cf ·WJ.d&;r the 1Up$rv1s1.on ot Dr. Cha.rlea A• 'l'~, (see aoo~). The

following m.w~r• of th~ Oli:nton Lal)orab:li·io.:; s~ "f cantioibuted to thi•

j;r. 4 Gal~ Youni

Voluta~ v, '*.MBd1.oal Use• of .1\'Wl!l:io E.uergn, 2} Septetlbor

(Ho Manhatta.n :Ci.strict fer~nnal eont1•:t.'butl;,d to this volu;i:;.e .)

Volunte Vl, 1''ft1olu.l0lo61cal Co~trol of ;i..to11uo E:ner(.;:f J.l.ctivi•

t;ies 11, ~ uc t;ober 1946

7.14

smeUftt!IP molW.AtlOI .

Nll.nhattan District und$1' the direction of Major General L. R. (h·ov\Ja,.

e.n<l the resulta Qf ·thoso studies have been iu.corparta.ted in thie report.

In 1 ta preparation• v-0at aaaiat&noii 'yJJ.5 gained troa two atudiea mado

~Y ll.'fe.nr~ttan Diatriot teohn1oe.l committoe• on this aubjeot... The na.:.oe1

which follow a.ro ·Chon; liaw.d, and it 11 ata.ted that tt~l of tneff men

'?{llohnioaJ. Committee on lrt•peot:.loll end Cont.J"ol,1 ·

Dra. .m. llenodJ.q,t (Cbdnaaa) i L. w. /t.l~u.11 1 • . '•

JJ~cbo*'° (seo a1'ove),. ~· f-. Bl.~.••.- $~. a. *(!1•1'. A~ af, .Kipa,~~ !,•

lb,t .. 1ao~ ~~ a. Sf!dd,J.n&- c .• s~, o.nd w- J. WiU.iaiia.

Seoc;m;d C()Di}J.t'9••

Ll'a• U• BemKUot e.iw f't: ~rz;i~~ z.:;,, Col• 4~ ~ ~tt

(ue above) and. ~· ~i• J. Willi••• . .

Vol\ala VIX. "~rt s••tj.ao»t on i·~~p-1 O'ontr"Ql. ot

Atom.lo ~•ra Aoti'd, tiea(t • 15 Dec•bor 19'P•

thi• volume. it a ooUaotlcn Qf vt1ql•• baaed 011 tU. t.eet:lmony

&i••n by l1il1 tea ~t.• o.a,.;t1 in tu lnto~l CO'nveF•tlOn• ot ·OCmt.­

ml ttn 2 O·f tlt•. um. td Na ti on• Atomic Enorg,y co.d lJ.aiQlh ~ Uni tecl

Stat.• expeJtt• appa.l\'ei bo.for• th.ti ~tte.e at v.a~au• JJOotingo t1!'01A

15 Ootobo;r to 21 Nov~.,.~ mad• pt'ei*J."•d atatem.en:te1 and participated

1n th• diaQueuon•· ngarding the oonti-ol ot miaea, lllill•• r•tinerioa,

chemioal and lWtallW"gi4al plant.,. iaotope ~t1.on planta,. primaey

reactor•• and M~ndary reaoto~a. Tho• tm0ng thon expert witn•aaee

who were or had been tnoluded U!Ong the personnel of the .Man.h&tta.n

·1.1s

BBS'f!t!O'l'tae

SQHIUXV INFORM.AXION

-~-Mijfjq?l'l ·r~..,. ,P.H'J) ~~\i , .. ...... l . '.I •..... ! .

District have alrea.dJ" been l."1&ntJ.oned in a. previous pare.graph. (Refer•

eneeas a. 10.)

judgment. Throughout thle ohaptet', the et.tort has boon made to be

conseJ"V&tivo in ma.king th11 detorminat1.on, an4 eome ot tboff. •ho• con•

neot1Ga "1th th• ~ttan Dlatl'tot w been mon or loee 1nd.1rect hari

bit•n Qilitted trom tbe ~1'$ting• Qf tho• wbo oontrlbUted ~ t.t-. d1JtOU••

et.on• a.n4 fropo-1•• toi- exampl•t ationg tho• who gav• e•r:t ~ati•

llllOD¥ 'botorlt Commlttff a of th& UNAEc. and not M.Cmtloned aa peraonrutl o-,

.fomer p·el""aonn&l ot 'tho llani.tt.ii lJ1atriot. ft;-• (a) . !f.r-.. JMlG• R.

Qr1toh•t\• '100:-...Preaident bf the El•otro ifett.llui-"col; ~8.tl1 Of Unlon

Qarld.d.e an4 ~lion "Corl!»r'tl.tion. W14 (b.) lir• liar11!' A.. Winn•, :n.~fred•

d~t in char~ ot lngine.ering Foli.q ot th• Ge-n•J."•1 ateotrio <:caapao,y.

lt thb lattv •~r• olai)aed u a former JRerabel' ot the 1A:l.s;hf.ttan Ul•tr1c-~

par.otmel• then hl• ee:nie~ on the Ilo8.l".d ot Con.W.ta.nts ix> 'the ~·­

tary ot Sf:a.te,t1. Qamidtt.Je, and hi• joint T•Ap;m$1b11ity fo~ theJ a.o•oal•

·led Aoh•son•UUontbal Report., •hould &1$0 ~ ·•J?hAslllK• (Mr. Winne••

nam• 1# o.f eourse includad in th1.t 11.at Qf l\ellDDel."I Of the Boa.rd; i:n a

previQ\&s ~graph.) Even JnOff important QC3"nt:rS.butore to the efforta

tor intorna.tlonal control a.ci: a. tlho·l•• ltho.se pAl"tl in the -.to:mlo. bomb

projeGt wore vite..l. werea Dr. Y-amtevar- Buah and Dr. J. a. Cl?mmt (who

are mentioned t.a member~ of tha $$cretru7 ot S~te' 11 Committee). 'lhea

2-5• Sta.tu.• as o~ ,Z.l .Deoember 19..0. • The dat4t of termination

of the l.\iQnllAtta:n ru.atric't !il.story, 31 Deoabar l~. ooinoided almost

\klited !iationa A'l:iomio EJ:l•rQ' Co.mmiaeion, and .nth th• .retiption ot

Mr!. kruoh e.a 'Uni wd Sliat&t Reproeentat1ve on that Commission. In !Ir.

D'aruoh 1• letter of i:"etignat.ion ~ the P:reaid.ct, da.t4td 4 lan1JAZ7' 1~7 •. 'I '

M pointed out that the .first phaM {jt this •rit ot the ~aiJlon bad

been oompl•ted and -14a 1trru. ba•io priaoJ.plea haw. be~ oloarlv

•to4 1n the Oolnmlallion•a report; .W.oh ha• beea autaf.tted t.o 'tlte S.­

cur-ii t1' CounQS.l and npo llGd to. tb.e atudy of thtt: tiOS--ld." A lur~ qu~·

tation from tbio -.n.• 1A;tter ·•U.l bring thi• chap• • tt. tJ.tt1ns oon•

alual.oni "Ac:o•pting tlae prino1plea:, ~bat4ati•lly tnoeo tir•t enUll.oi•

ated by th• \Jnit"4 ate.tee n.l•ga.tio~ on Jt.U'l8 l4 laet. thlJ Comni1h1ion.

f.tter more than a hundre4 .oont.nno~a, voted on Pec•~r 30 (last i.n•

~) by .l,O to Q Otu••i& an.fl 'Pol&xld •?'ltaintng) to approw the fo*"1ae

iJU.laitte« bJ' th• 'Qnlted ~te•1 ._ tn ke.~1ng with tho deai.r•• ot the • i

t:·

S1'etJRH\' INFORMATION

RliUiTBlO'fED Book I, Vol. 4

la Intomattonal Control ot A-tome Energy .. Growth ot & .Polioy• 0 .An .Informal S\lnl:ll8.l"y leoor4 ot the Ot.t'1oi&l Deolut.tion• and ITopoole .S..lat1ng to th• lntor.nat.lonal Contzoul ot At.om1o Energy MM\• Between A\lgu•t 61 l~~ and 0Qto~ 15. lsilO"• i'Niphl.•t of tht Dopi.rtaaent ot Sta ta (TJSl.l:Po) 281 PP•

2. P.rea1det Tl"'Ulli&n t $ !lt.ae&git to Coagffas. 30 OetoMi- l~,. s.a. pam,phlet, App.. No• 4.

'• ~ ~Nation ~e4 ~ts.on oa Atoa.J.e ~gr. Waahinr ton. 15 lloTelllb$r l~5• Gut• ~1•t• APP• •• 6.

4• fbo $ovi•t•Ang.\~.-1oq ~tll'luo, 27 Tie~'bor 1~ (Eaoet'pta) • ••.a.pert ot the ,_.ting ot th9 l&nJ. •t•r• of ionip A.tf'air• ot tbtl tmion ol SoYl•t SoQl&11•t B8P'&bl.1oa.,, tM t:&d.te4 sta~• of hrutt.'1.oo• the Unit-.4 UqQcin"• Sea• i?•Phl•t, APP• No• a ..

;. A Resolution of the Genel"al AaQ•l>ly of th9' t1nite4 Jlatiolia1

E•bU•bJ.ng a Comm1•alon on Ato.m10, &lerg, ,U:>nd.on, a4. Januar-1 l~ .. SUi•-puaphlet. A.PP• N'Q• 10•

. 6. The "1tt•lt l•P<>rt. :Qf tlw Uni te4 Bat1ona Atoliio ~a 0om1.­a1oo to th• Seo.ur1tJ' Couno11; 'l 'I»q.a~ l.9/.t6• ~ us. am t.13 t1I

; Repovt ~ie• a. ~-t ot th9 Departm•t ot st.w (USGPO) 101 PP•

7. A Roport on ..... lQ.t.r.u&ticu•l Con'tro.l ot Atomio inel!'§ • he• pared tor the S.v•taJT ot Sta••• ~tt" ~A A~o Inergy 0, the Board ot Con.W.tant• {w1 tll fot4hf0rci by th• Secretaey ot Statct &r.14 IA.tter ot 1'rana1ttal by t1W Committee), W.lbington., JJ. o ... l.6 Ji\l'()h 19!J6. Pamphlet ot ta. llepa:rtm.ent of State, 61 PP•

a. "Contribution.a by ~h• Mil.nhs.tt&A Diatriot an.4 Former ~ttan :Dietriot P9re:>nne1 to trut fi>l'k ot the tbited Stat.ea Delegation ~ th• United Nation• Atoii.de 1:.lnerg:y CQmmia11ioa from •1 through ll•o•ber tsti6•,. by Dr. Plt.ul c. Pim.t• tol"\llU'de<l to Mljw General L• R• Ot'Ovoa with letter dated 9 Ocrtx>O.r 1~7• In tlanhattail D1str1ot liiswey Filo••

I

9• Lettor fro~ a-. ClarenCM L. Itarl to Ml"• Corbin .i'Ulardice. 30 January 19+'1• In Manhattan ru.atrio-t Hiatory Files.

\ n h .. 'l'fldt\oria \ 10. "The iaterB&l,.. Control of Atom.to Energy • So1ent1:t'ic lntortiation

transmitted. to the tJnited ~tationa 1~tc.mio Energy ~a.d.on. - June 14, l~ • Ocw'ber 14. l~ - Prepa.red in the Oftioe ot Ml°• .Bernard .M. l9&ruch• thited Statea ltepresenta.tivo". '!h. O'S and 'ON Roport Seriea 5• Pamphlet of the lJeparilnent ot Sta't» {tJSGOO) 195 PP•

(