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Classical Greece
Lasting Legacies
Forms of government
Literature
Philosophers
Scientific Advances
Early Civilizations
MycenaeansLasted until circa 1200 BC
Conquered Minoans and Phoenicians
Fought Trojan WarHelen was kidnapped
Lasted about 10 years
Trojan Horse
Map
Greek Forms of Government
Monarchy
Aristocracy
Oligarchy
Democracy
Republic
Major Greek City-States
Sparta (800-350 BC)
Oligarchy
Slavery
Physical Dominance
Society focused on physical attributes, force, athletics
Dominant City-State
Map
Athens (700-400 BC)DemocracyGovernment similar to U.S.SlaverySociety focused on beauty and perfection of entire personConquered by Sparta
Map
Wars of Greece
Persian War (circa 490 – 479 BC)Fought between Persia and Greece (Athens/Sparta)
Marathon
Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC)Fought between Athens and Sparta
Plague kills about 1/3 to 2/3 Athens population
Sparta conquers Athens, ending Athens City-State
Greek Art and Literature
ParthenonBuilt in Athens on Acropolis
Considered one of the most perfect buildings ever built
Art and Sculpture
Art and Literature (cont.)
LiteratureHomer
Odyssey and Iliad
DramaComedy
TragedySophocles – Oedipus Trilogy
Significant Greek Individuals
Pericles (494? – 429 BC)
Athenian Statesman
Three GoalsStrengthen Athenian Democracy
Hold and Strengthen Empire
Glorify Athens
Socrates(469 – 399 BC)
Teacher, urged students to
question everything …
Socratic Method
Believed we are born with all our personality and character traits and they simply come out as we live
Teacher of Plato
Put on trial for corrupting the youth of Athens
Plato(427 – 347 BC)
Wrestler, Poet,
Teacher/Philosopher
Founded school in Athens,
The Academy
“Blank Slate” – belief opposite of Socrates
Wrote The Republic - Democracy doomed to failure due to human flaws/weaknesses
Teacher of Aristotle
Aristotle(384 – 322 BC)
Scientist, Teacher, PhysicianFirst to use Scientific Method (or something close to it)Questioned nature of world, humans, nature, etc.Worked in fields of science, physics, biology, medicine, governmentTeacher of Alexander the Great
Alexander The Great(356 – 323 BC)
King of Macedonia
Conquered Greece then moved to control everything from Greece to India by 327 BC
Ruthless and Merciless
See map in book on page 130
Map
Hellenistic Culture
Blending of Greek culture with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian cultures
Hellenistic Advances
•Aristarchus – Sun is center of our universe
•Eratosthenes – Size of the Earth
•Euclid – Geometry
•Archimedes – Value of Pi
Map