Class12 Sanskrit Textbook2

7/29/2019 Class12 Sanskrit Textbook2

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Hknza d.ksZfHk% k`.kq;ke nsok%Hknza i';sek{kfHk;Zt=kk% A

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ouLifr;kgekjs fy, e/qj gksosa] lw;Ze/qj (vUukfn nsus okys) gksosaA xk;sagesaekqj(nw/ nsus okyh) gksaAA4AA


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izFke laLdj.kfnlacj 2006 ikS"k 1928

iqueZq.kvDrwcj 2007 vkf'ou 1929

tuojh 2008 ikS"k 1930

PD 3 T ML

jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.kifj"kn~] 2006

#- 55-00

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 70 th-,l-,e- isijij eqfnzrA

izdk'ku foHkkx esalfpo] jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/kuvkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan ekxZ] u;h fnYyh110 016 }kjk izdkf'kr rFkk isfydu izSl],&45] ukjk;.kk baMfLV;y ,fj;k] isQt&II]ubZ fnYyh 110 028 }kjk eqfnzrA

ISBN 81-7450-638-1

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izdk'ku lg;ksx

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vkoj.k ,oafp=kkadu

v:i xqIrk

,u- lh- bZ- vkj- Vh- osQ izdk'ku foHkkx osQ dk;kZy;

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108] 100 iQhV jksMgsyh ,DlVsasa'ku] gksLMsosQjscuk'kadjhIII bLVstcSaxywj 560 085 iQksu % 080&26725740

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mi;qDrrjadrqfo'ks"kKS% vuqHkfofHk% v;kidS'p izsf"krkukalRijke'kkZukalnSo Lokxrafo/kL;frA

uo nsgyh funs'kd%

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v;{k] Hkk"kk lykgdkj lfefr

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eq[; ijke'kZd

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jketUe 'kekZ]izksisQlj,oav;{k] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh

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laLr Hkkjr dh vkRek vkSj Hkkjrh; laLfr dk ksr gSA oSfnd dky ls vkt rd lrrizogeku laLr lkfgR; dh vt ksrfLouh esagekjs ,sfgd rFkk ikjykSfyd fpUru] ns'kHkfDrvkSj fo'ocU/qRo dh Hkkouk dk izlkj] vkpkj ,oafopkj dk etqy ef.kdkpu leok;] KkuvkSj foKku osQ {ks=k esaxEHkhj fpUru] vkRek vkSj ijekRek esa,sD; osQ ek;e ls izkf.kek=k esalerkosQ Hkko dh LFkkiuk vkSj mnkk laLdkjksaosQ }kjk Js"B ukxfjdksaosQ fuekZ.k dh {kerk fo|eku gSA

laLr Hkk"kk vkSj mldk le` ok~e; jk"V dh ,d ,slh fuf/ gS] tks lukru ewY;ksavkSj vfHkuo izo`fk;ksaesaleUo; LFkkfir djus dh vn~Hkqr {kerk ls lEiUu gSA ns'k dh bllokZf/d izkphu Hkk"kk us Hkkjr dh e;dkyhu vkSj vk/qfud Hkk"kkvksaosQ fodkl esaviukeguh; ;ksxnku fd;k gSA vk/qfud Hkkjr dh izk;% lHkh Hkk"kkvksaus laLr ls 'kCnlEink xzg.kdj vius 'kCndks'k esavfHkof dh gSA vkt lewpk fo'o laLr Hkk"kk vkSj mlosQ lkfgR;osQ ego dks Lohdkj dj blosQ izlkj dh fn'kk esavxzlj gSA vkt fo'o osQ vusd fo'ofo|ky;ksa

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izLrqr ladyu dh i`"BHkwfe

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tc f'k{kk HkkjeqDr gksxh rks og Lo;eso ,d ^vkuUnizn vuqHkwfr* fl gksxhA ;gikB~;p;kZ&2005 dk nwljk y{; gSA vkuUn rHkh izkIr gksrk gS tc fdlh dk;Zesam}sx u gks]v#fp u gks] Fkdku u gksA f'k{kk osQ HkkjeqDr gksus ij ;s xq.k Lor% mn~Hkwr gksaxs vkSj rc Nk=kLo;avius ikB~;e esavk"V ,oavuqjDr gksxkA bl vkuUno`f osQ fy, ikB~;e esa,slsKku&lUnHkksdk lekos'k fd;k tkuk pkfg, ftuesamnkk thou ewY; gksa] ftuesa?kVuk&oSfp=; osQlkFk gh lkFk vk/qfud tuthou dk izfrfcEc Hkh gksA

oLrqr% f'k{kk ,oaikB~;e dk ;g i{k vR;Ur egoiw.kZgSA nsook.kh laLr dk ok~e;osnksals izkjEHk gksdj vk/qfud ;qx rd O;kIr gSA ;g ok~e; Hkkjro"kZosQ fiNys ikp gtkj o"kks

dk ,d thoUr nLrkost gS ftlesajk"V dk bfrgkl] Hkwxksy] n'kZu] laLfr] lkekftd mFky&iqFky]fuR; ifjorZu'khy tuthou lc oqQN fo|eku gSA

,slh fLFkfr esavko';d gS fd izkphu xzUFkksa ls ge ,sls gh va'k ikB~;e esalekfo"V djsaftuesavkt dk Hkh jk"Vh; ,oalkekftd ifjos'k lejl gksA Jo.k oqQekj dh ekr`firHkfDr]gfj'pUnz dh lR;fu"Bk] okYehfd&of.kZr rqvksadk 'kk'or lkSUn;ZrFkk dFkklfjRlkxj] iprU=k]fgrksins'k ,oaiq#"kijh{kk vkfn izkphu xzUFkksadh f'k{kkizn dgkfu;kblh izdkj dh gSaA budk lUnHkZlkoZdkfyd gS vr% budh lEisz"k.kh;rk Hkh tSlh dh rSlh gSA

ikB~;p;kZdk rhljk y{; Hkh ;gh fuf'pr fd;k x;k & thou osQ ifjos'k lsf'k{kk dk?kfu"B lEcU/Abl y{; dh iwfrZrHkh gks losQxh tc ladfyr ikBka'kksa,oavk/qfud thou&ifjos'kosQ chp lsrqgks] vUr%lEcU/ gksA

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lekt vR;Ur laosnu'khy gSA vr% ;g ;ku j[kk gh tkuk pkfg, fd fdlh Hkh ladfyr va'k lslekt osQ fdlh Hkh oxZdh Hkkouk vkgr u gksA ikBksals loZkeZ&leHkko] loksZn; rFkk lkekftdlekurk vkfn dk leFkZu gksuk pkfg,A fdlh Hkh oxZ] tkfr] leqnk; vFkok izo`fk dh voekuukughagksuh pkfg, vkSj u gh fdlh osQ izfr izR;{k vFkok ijks{k jhfr ls dksbZvk{ksi gksuk pkfg,A

ikB~;p;kZdk vfUre y{; vR;Ur egoiw.kZgS] fo'ks"kdj laLr ikB~;e osQ lUnHkZesaa !;g y{; gS & Nk=kksadksfpUru osQ fy, izsfjr djukAikB~;e ,slk cuk;k tkuk pkfg, tks Nk=kksadks Lo;aLiwQrZcuk losQA izk;% f'k{kd Nk=kksadks ^fu#ik;* cukrk gS ;g dgdj fd d.BLFk djusosQ vfrfjDr vkSj dksbZmik; ughaA*


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ix

'kCn:Ik ,oa/krq:Ik d.BLFk djrs&djrs vf/dka'k Nk=k fujk'k] oqQf.Br ,oagrizHk gksdj

laLrk;;u ls fojr gks tkrs gSaA Nk=kksaesa,d Hkze&lk O;kIr gks tkrk gS fd laLr esalc oqQNjVus ls gh fl gksxkA tcfd ,slk fcYoqQy ughagSA dkSu ,slh Hkk"kk gS ftlesaNk=k egoiw.kZva'kksadks d.BLFk ughadjrk\ fo|k dk d.BLFk gksuk rks iz'kaluh; ckr gS] bldh fuUnk oSQlh\

ijUrqlaLr Hkk"kk esaizoh.k gksus osQ fy, lc oqQN jV Mkyus dh dksbZvko';drk ughaAvko';drk gS rks osQoy bl ckr dh fd Nk=k loZ=k ^v;kidkfJr* gh u gksA og Lo;a Hkh oqQNlkspuk fopkjuk vFkok djuk lh[ksA fdlh ikB dks i


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laLr v;;u'kkyk] foe fo'ofo|ky; mTtSu (e-iz-) ,oaizks- nhfIr f=kikBh v;{k] laLrfoHkkx fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ls tks iwoZesaHkh jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqlU/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ dhlaLr lEcUkh vusd ifj;kstukvksa] laxksf"B;ksa,oamieksaesaviuk lf; ;ksxnku nsrs jgs gSaAlfefr osQ vU;kU; leLr lnL; Hkh fo"k; ,oaHkk"kk osQ eeZK] ;'kLoh izk;kid gSaA

izLrqr lyu esackjg ikB gSaA ^fo|;kere'uqrs* uked izFke ikB bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kn~lslfyr fd;k x;k gSA blesabZ'oj dh loZ&O;kidrk] deZdh egkk] vkRek dh fo'ks"krk rFkkfo|k vkSj vfo|k nksuksadh mikns;rk dk fu:i.k ,oa fo|k ls vejRo dh izkfIr dk izfriknu fd;kx;k gSA

f}rh; ikB^j?kqdkSRllaokn%* egkdfo dkfynkl iz.khr j?kqoa'k egkdkO; osQ ipe lxZlslax`ghr gSA blesajktk fnyhi osQ iq=k j?kqdh nkuohjrk dk o.kZu gSA

r`rh; ikB^ckydkSrqde~* egkdfo HkoHkwfr }kjk fojfpr mkjjkepfjre~uked ukVd osQprqFkZv ls lfyr fd;k x;k gSA blesa pUnzosQrq}kjk jf{kr jktk jke osQ v'oes/h; v'o dksns[kdj vkJe osQ ckydksaesa mRiUu dkSrwgy rFkk yo }kjk ?kksM+s dks vkJe esays tkdj ck/us dh?kVuk dk ekfeZd fp=k.k fd;k x;k gSA

prqFkZikB^deZxkSjoe~* Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk osQ f}rh; ,oar`rh; v;k;ksa ls lfyr gSA blesa

deZdh egkk rFkk dehZdh oqQ'kyrk dk izfriknu fd;k x;k gSAipe ikB^'kqduklksins'k%*egkdfo ck.kHk^ osQ }kjk fojfpr dknEcjh uked x|dkO;

ls lfyr fd;k x;k gSA blesajktk rkjkihM dk uhfrfuiq.k ,oavuqHkoh eU=kh 'kqdukl jktoqQekjpUnzkihM dks jkT;kfHk"ksd osQ iwoZokRlY; Hkko ls mins'k nsrs gSavkSj :i] ;kSou] izHkqrk rFkk ,s'o;Zls mn~Hkwr nks"kksals lkokku jgus dh f'k{kk nsrs gSaA ;g izR;sd ;qod osQ fy, mikns; mins'k gSA

"k"B ikB^lwfDrlq/k* esaif.Mrjkt txUukFk] ek?k] HkoHkwfr] Hkkjfo rFkk HkrZgfj ukedlaLr osQ dfri; izfrfuf/ egkdfo;ksadh lwfDr;klfyr gSaA

lIre ikB ^foeL;kSnk;Ze~* lgklu}k=kf'kdk uked dFkklaxzg ls mn~k`r gSA blesamTtf;uh osQ U;k;fiz;] ijkeh] fo|kizseh ,oa mnkjeuk lezkV~foekfnR; dh nkuohjrk rFkkmnkjrk dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA

v"Ve ikB ^HkwfoHkkxk%* eqxy lezkV~'kkgtgk osQ fo}ku~iq=k nkjkf'kdksg }kjk fojfprleqnzle uked xzUFk ls lax`ghr gSA bl ikB esaiFoh osQ lkr foHkkxksadk jkspd o.kZu gSA blesalaLr rFkk iQkjlh Hkk"kk osQ 'kCnksadk etqy ef.kdkpu leok; ifjyf{kr gksrk gSA


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xi

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xii

3- egkdfo HkoHkw fr }kjk fojfpr ^mkjjkepfjre~* ukVd ls ladfyr ^ckydkSrqde~* ikBdk d{kk esaNk=kksa ls vfHku; djk;saA

4- Jhen~ Hkxon~xhrk fo'oizfl xzUFkjRu gSA ^deZxkSjoe~* ikB osQ vk/kj ij dj.kh; dk;ksesalnk layXu jgus osQ fy, Nk=kksadks iszfjr djsaA

5- egkdfo ck.kHk^ laLrlkfgR; osQ loksZ"V x|dkj gSaA muosQ O;fDrRo vkSj jpukvksalsNk=kksadks ifjfpr djk;saA ^dknEcjh* ls mn~/`r ^'kqduklksins'k* ikB osQ vuqlkj ;qokoLFkkesaizos'k dj jgs Nk=kksadks vuq'kkflr djsaA ikBxr leLr inksadk foxzg vkfn le>krsgq, Hkko Li"V djsaA

6- ^lw fDrlq/k* osQ vUrxZr if.Mrjkt txUukFk] ek?k] HkoHkwfr] Hkkjfo ,oaHkr`Zgfj dh jpukvksals lqHkkf"kr ladfyr fd, x, gSaA lwfDr;kfuf'pr :i ls Nk=kksaosQ fy, mi;ksxh gSaAvr% lqHkkf"krksaosQ ego dks le>k,rFkk Nk=kksadks rnuqlkj izsfjr djsaA

7- ^foeL;kSnk;Ze~* ikB osQ ek;e ls Nk=kksadks dFkk&lkfgR; ls ifjfpr djk;saA ikB osQek;e ls fe=krk] mnkjrk ,oanku'khyrk vkfn xq.kksaosQ izfr Nk=kksaesa#fp mRiUu djsaAdFkkf'k{k.k dh fof/ dk mi;ksx djrs gq, x| dk vkn'kZokpu ,oe~vuqokpu dk HkhNk=kksadks vH;kl djk;saA

8- ^leq nzle%* ls ladfyr ^HkwfoHkkxk%* ikB dk v;kiu dk;Z djkrs le; Nk=kksa dksnkjkf'kdksg osQ thou ,oan'kZu rFkk jpukvksals voxr djk;saA Nk=kksadks jpuk dh 'kSyh],sfrgkfldrk ,oax|kRedrk dks fo'ks"k:i ls le>k,A

9- laLr osQ izeq[k vokZphu x|dkj ia- vfEcdknk O;kl osQ thou ,oafr;ksadk Nk=kksadks ifjp; nsaA ikB osQ vuqlkj drZO;fu"Bk osQ izfr Nk=kksadks izsfjr djsaA

10- vU;kU; Hkk"kkvksa ls vuwfnr laLrjpuk,vktdy izpqjek=kk esamiyC/ gSaA mfM;kHkk"kk lsvuwfnr ikB ^nhucU/q% Jhuk;kj%* osQ ek;e ls deZn{krk] nkf{k.; vkSj lsokHkko vkfnxq.kksa dks viukus osQ fy, Nk=kksa dks izsfjr djsaA laLr esa i=kys[ku dk Nk=kksadks vH;kl

djk;saA bl volj ij v;kid cU/q mfM;k osQ orZeku lkfgR; ,oays[kdksadk Hkhifjp; nsaA11- ^mn~ fHkTtifj"kn~* ikB esalHkkifr v'oRFk (ihiy) osQ Hkk"k.k osQ ek;e ls o{kksa osQ izfr

ekuoh; O;ogkj dk o.kZu gSA Nk=kksadks o{kksa osQ ego dks crkrs gq, o`{kkjksi.k osQ izfrizsfjr djsaA ia- "khosQ'k Hk^kpk;ZrFkk ck.kHk^ dh x|'kSyh dh fo'ks"krk,rqyukRednf"Vls Nk=kksadks le>k,A blh osQ lkFk gh i;kZoj.k osQ Hkh izfr Nk=kksaesapsruk mRiUUk djsaA

12- ia- Jh Hk^ eFkqjkukFk 'kkL=kh osQ thou&ifjp; o jpukvksals Nk=kksadks voxr djk;saA^fdUrks% oqQfVyrk* ys[k osQ vuqHkwr Hkko Nk=kksaosQ le{k Li"V djsaA


15/133

fo"k;kuqef.kdki`"Bkk%

iqjksoko~Q III

Hkwfedk VII

eye~ 1izFke% ikB% fo|;ke`re'uqrs 2

f}rh;% ikB% j?kqdkSRllaokn% 11

r`rh;% ikB% ckydkSrqde~ 27

prqFkZ% ikB% deZxkSjoe~ 38

ipe% ikB% 'kqduklksins'k% 47

"k"B% ikB% lwfDrlq/k 57

lIre% ikB% foeL;kSnk;Ze~ 67

v"Ve% ikB% Hkw&foHkkxk% 74

uoe% ikB% dk;ok lk/;s;ansgaok ikr;s;e~ 78

n'ke% ikB% nhucU/q% Jhuk;kj% 86

,dkn'k% ikB% mn~fHkTt&ifj"kn~ 92}kn'k% ikB% fdUrks% oqQfVyrk 98

ifjf'k"V

1- NUn 107

2- vykj 112

3- vuq'kaflr xzUFk 117


16/133

Hkkjr dk lafo/ku


17/133

izFke% ikB%

fo|;ke`re'uqrs

izLrqr ikB bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kr~ls ladfyr gSA ^bZ'kkokL;e~* in ls vkjEHk gksus osQ dkj.k bls

bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kr~dh laKk nh x;h gSA ;g mifu"kr~ ;tqosZn dh ek;fUnu ,oadk.o lafgrk dk40okv;k; gS] ftlesa18 eU=k gSaA

bl ladyu osQ vk| nks eU=kksaesabZ'oj dh loZ=k fo|ekurk dks n'kkZrs gq,] drZO; Hkkoukls deZdjus ,oa R;kxiwoZd lalkj osQ inkFkks dk mi;ksx ,oalaj{k.k djus dk funsZ'k gSAvkReLo:i bZ'oj dh O;kidrk dks tks yksx Lohdkj ughadjrs gSamuosQ vKku dks r`rh; eU=kesan'kkZ;k gSA prqFkZeU=k esapSrU; Lo:i] Lo;aizdk'k ,oafoHkqloZO;kid vkRe ro dkfu:i.k gSA ipe ,oa"k"B eU=kksaesavfo|k vFkkZr~O;kogkfjd Kku ,oafo|k vFkkZr~vk;kfRed

Kku ij lw{e fpUru fufgr gSA vfUre eU=k O;kogkfjd Kku ls ykSfdd vH;qn; ,oav;kReKkuls vejrk dh izkfIr dks crykrk gSA

bl ikB~;ka'k ls ;g lUns'k feyrk gS fd ykSfdd ,oav;kRe fo|k ,d nwljs dh iwjdgS rFkk ekuo thou dh ifjiw.kZrk ,oalokZh.k fodkl esaleku :i ls ego j[krh gSaA

bZ'kkokL;fena lo ;fRdp txR;ka txr~A

rsu R;Drsu HkqthFkk ek x`/% dL;fLon~/ue~AA1AA

oqQoZUusosg dekZf.k ftthfo"ksPNra lek% A

,oa Rof; ukU;FksrksfLr u deZ fyI;rs ujs AA2AA

vlq;kZ uke rs yksdk vU/su relko`rk% A

rkLrs izsR;kfHkxPNfUr ;s osQ pkReguks tuk% AA3AA


18/133

fo|;ke`re'uqrs 3

vustnsoaQ eulks toh;ks uSun~nsok vkIuqoUiwoZe"kZr~A

rkorksU;kuR;sfr fr"BkfLeUuiks ekrfj'ok n/kfr AA4AA

vU/Ure% izfo'kfUr ;sfo|keqiklrs A

rrks Hkw; bo rs reks ; m fo|k;kajrk% AA5AA

vU;nsokgqfoZ|;k vU;nkgqjfo|;k A

bfr 'kqJqe /hjk.kka ;s uLrf}ppf{kjs AA6AAfo|ka pkfo|ka p ;Lrn~osnksHk;a l g A

vfo|;k e`R;qa rhRokZ fo|;kere'uqrs AA7AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

bZ'kkokL;e~ & bZ'kL; bZ'ksu ok vkokL;ke~A bZ'k osQ jgus ;ksX; vFkkZr~bZ'oj ls O;kIrAtxr~ & xPNfr bfr txr~ A lrraifjorZeku% izip%A lrr ifjorZu'khy lalkjA

HkqthFkk% & HkksxaoqQ#A Hkksx djksA fo"k; oLrqdk xzg.k djksA Hkqt~(ikyus vH;ogkjsp) kkrq] vkReusinh] fof/fy~] e;e iq#"k] ,dopuA

ek xk% & yksyqi% ek HkoA yksyqi er gksA yksHk er djksA x`k~(vfHkdka{kk;ke~)/krqA y~ydkj] e;e iq#"k% ,dopu esa^vx`/%* :i curk gSAO;kdj.k fu;ekuqlkj fu"kskkFkZd vO;; ^ek~* osQ ;ksx esa ^vxk%* osQvkjEHk esafo|eku ^v* dkj dk yksi gksrk gSA

dL;fLon~ & fdlh dkA bl osQ lekukFkZd in gSa&dL;fpr~] dL;puA vO;;A

oqQoZUuso & djrs gq, ghA $ 'kr` iq afy] izFkek foHkfDr] ,dopuoqQoZu~ $ ,oA

ftthfo"ksr~ & thforq e~bPNsr~A thus dh bPNk djsaA tho (izk.kkkj.ks) kkrq] bPNkFkZdlu~izR;; ls fof/ fy~A tho $ lu~$ fof/fy~A


19/133

4 'kk'orh

deZ u fyI;rs & deZ fyIr ughagksrkA fyi (minsgs) /krq] yV~] deZf.k iz;ksxA ^deZujs u fyI;rs&;g ,d fof'k"V oSfnd iz;ksx gSA rqyuk dhft;s&^fyI;rsu l ikisuA* (Hkxon~xhrk&5-10)

vlq;kZ% & izdk'kghuA vFkok vlqj lEcUkhA vfo|kfn nks"kksals ;qDr] izk.kiks"k.kesafujrA vlqj $ ;_ vlq$ jk $ ;A cgqopuA

vUksu relk & vR;Ur vKku :ih vUkdkj lsA ^re%* 'kCn vKku dk ckskdA

vko`rk% & vkPNkfnrA vk $ o` (oj.ks) $ DrA

izsR; & ej.ka izkI;] ej.k izkIrdjA b.k~(xrkS) /krqA iz $ b $ Y;i~AvkRegu% & vkRekua ;s ?ufUrA vkRek dh O;kidrk dks tks Lohdkj ughadjrsA^vkRekua bZ'kaloZr% iw.kfpnkuUna?ufUr frjLoqQoZfUr ('kkjHkk";s)*A

vustr~ & dEiu jfgrA fodkj jfgr] fLFkj] vpyA ,t` (dEius) /krqAu $ ,t~$ 'krA uiqald fy] izFkek foHkfDr ,dopuA

toh;% & vfr'k;su toor~A vf/d osxokykA to $ erqi~$ bZ;l~A uiqaldfy] izFkek foHkfDr ,dopuA

u vkIuqou~ & izkIr ughafd;kA vkIy` (O;kIrkS)] y~ydkj izFke iq#"k cgqopuAv"kZr~ & xPNr~ A xeu'khyA "kh (xrkS) /krqA 'kr` izR;;] uiqald fy] izFkek

foHkfDr ,dopuA vFkok (xrkS) /krq] ysV~ydkjA

fr"Br~ & fLFkj jgus okykA ifjorZu jfgrA LFkk $ 'kr] uiqald fy] izFkekfoHkfDr ,dopuA

ekrfj'ok & ok;q A izk.kok;qA ekrfj vUrfj{ks o;fr xPNfr bfr ekrfj'okAudkjkUr iqafy] izFkek foHkfDr ,dopuA

izfo'kfUr & izos'k djrs gSaA iz $ fo'k~(izos'kus) yV~ydkj izFke iq#"k cgqopuAmiklrs & mikluk djrs gSaA mi $ vklrsA vkl~ (mios'kus) kkrqyV~ydkj

izFke iq#"k cgqopuA vkLrs vklkrs vklrsA

rrksHkw; bo & mlls vf/dA rhuksain vO;; gSaA

jrk% & je.k djrs gSaA fujr gSaA je~(hMk;ka) $ DrA izFkek foHkfDr cgqopuA

osn & tkurk gSA fon~(Kkus) /krq] yV~ydkj izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

mHk;e~ & nksuksaA


20/133

fo|;ke`re'uqrs 5

rhRokZ & rj.kdjA r (Iyourj.k;ks%) $ DRokA vO;;A

ve`re~ & vejrk dksA tUe&e`R;qosQ nq%[k ls jfgr vejRo dksA

v'uqrs & izkIr djrk gSA v'k~ (Hkkstus) /krqA HkkstukFkZd kkrq bl lUnHkZ esaizkfIr osQ vFkZesagSA (v'uqrs izkfIrdekZ_ fu?k.Vq% 2-18)

vkgq% & dgrs gSaA czwk~(O;Drk;kaokfp) yV~ydkj izFke iq#"k cgqopuA

'kqJqe & lqu pqosQ gSaA Jq(Jo.ks) /krq] fyV~ydkj mke iq#"k cgqopuA

foppf{kjs & Li"V mins'k fn;s FksA fo $ pf{k~ (vk[;kus) kkrq] fyV~ ydkj

izFke iq#"k cgqopuA pp{ks pp{kkrs ppf{kjsAfo|k & Kku] v;kRe KkuA fon~ (Kkus) $ D;i~ $ Vki~A ;gk ^v;kRe

fo|k* osQ vFkZesa^fo|k* 'kCn dk iz;ksx gqvk gSA bl pjkpj txr~esa loZ=k O;kIr vkReLo:i bZ'oj osQ Kku dks ^v;kRefo|k* dhlaKk nh x;h gSA ;g ;FkkFkZKku ^fo|k* gSA eks{k fo|k uke ls Hkhtkuk tkrk gSA

vfo|k & v;kResrj fo|k] O;kogkfjd fo|kA v;kRe Kku ls fHk lHkh

KkuA u $ fo|kA ^u* dk vFkZgS ^brj* vFkok ^fHk*A vFkkZr~ vkRefo|kls fHk* tks Hkh Kkujkf'k gS tSls l`f"VfoKku] ;Kfo|k] HkkSfrdfoKku] vk;qfoZKku] izkS|ksfxdh] lwpuk&rU=k&Kku vkfn vfo|k in esalekfgr gSaA

vH;kl%

1- la LrHkk"k;k mkja fy[kr&(d) bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kn~dL;k% lafgrk;k% Hkkx%\

([k) txRlodhn`'ke~ vfLr\

(x) inkFkZHkksx% dFkadj.kh;%\

(?k) 'kralek% dFka ftthfo"ksr~\

() vkReguks tuk% dhn`'kayksoaQ xPNfUr\

(p) eulksfi osxoku~d%\


21/133

6 'kk'orh

(N) fr"Bfi d% /kor% vU;ku~vR;sfr\

(t) vU/Ure% osQ izfo'kfUr\

(>) /hsjsH;% "k;% d JqroUr%\

(k) vfo|;k d rjfr\

(V) fo|;k d izkIuksfr\

2- ^bZ'kkokL;e~------dL;fLoue~* bR;L; Hkkoa ljylaLrHkk"k;k fo'kn;rA

3- ^vUkUre% izfo'kfUr------fo|k;ka jrk%* bfr eU=kL; Hkkoa fgUnhHkk"k;k vkaXyHkk"k;kok fo'kn;rA

4- ^fo|ka pkfo|kap------e`re'uqrs* bfr eU=kL; rkRi; Li"V;rA

5- fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) bnalotxr~-------------------------A

([k) ek x/% ------------------------- A

(x) 'kra lek% ------------------------- ftthfo"ksr~A

(?k) vlq;kZuke yksdk------------------------- vko`rk%A

() vfo|ksikldk% ------------------------- izfo'kfUrA

6- vkksfyf[krkukalizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k dk;kZ&

(d) rsu R;Drsu HkqthFkk%A

([k) u deZfyI;rs ujsA(x) rfLeUuiks ekrfj'ok n/kfrA

(?k) vfo|;k eR;qarhRokZ fo|;kere'uqrsA

() ,oaRof; ukU;FksrksfLrA

(p) rkaLrs izsR;kfHkxPNfUr ;s osQ pkReguks tuk%A

(N) vustnsoaQ eulks toh;ks uSusok vkIuqou~iwoZe"kZr~A


22/133

fo|;ke`re'uqrs 7

7- mifu"kUeU=k;ks% vUo;a fy[kr&vU;nsokgqfoZ|;k vU;nkgqjfo|;k A

bfr 'kqJqe /hjk.kka ;s uLrf}ppf{kjs AA

vustnsoaQ eulks toh;ks uSun~nsok vkIuqoUiwoZe"kZr~A

rkorksU;kuR;sfr fr"BkfLeUuiks ekrfj'ok n/kfr AA

8- izr izR;;ap ;kstf;Rok injpukaoqQ#r&

R;t~$ Dr_ $ 'kr`_ rr~$ rfly~

9- izfrizR;;foHkkx% f;rke~&

izsR;] rhRokZ] /kor%] fr"Br~] toh;%

10- vkksfyf[krkfu inkfu vkfJR; okD;jpukaoqQ#r&

txR;ka] /ue~] HkqthFkk%] 'kre~] dekZf.k] relk] Rof;] vfHkxPNfUr] izfo'kfUr] /hjk.kka]fo|k;ke~] Hkw;%] lek%A

11- l U/ lfU/foPNsnaok oqQ#r&

(d) bZ'kkokL;e~ -------------------- $ --------------------

([k) oqQoZsosg -------------------- $ -------------------- $ --------------------

(x) ftthfo"ksr~$ 'kra --------------------

(?k) rr~ $ /kor%--------------------

() vustr~$ ,oaQ --------------------

(p) vkgq% $ vfo|;k --------------------

(N) vU;Fksr% -------------------- $ --------------------

(t) rkaLrs -------------------- $ --------------------


23/133

8 'kk'orh

12- v/ksfyf[krkukaleqfpra ;kstuaoqQ#r&

/ue~ && ok;q %

lek% && vkRekua;s ?ufUr

vlq;kZ% && Jq roUr% Le

vkRegu% && relko`rk%

ekrfj'ok && o"kkZf.k

'kqJqe && vejrka

ve`re~ && foke~

13- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkukai;kZ;inkfu fy[kr&

ujs] bZ'k%] txr~] deZ] /hjk%] fo|k] vfo|k

14- v/ksfyf[krkukainkuka foykseinkfu fy[kr&

,de~] fr"Br~] relk] mHk;e~] toh;%] e`R;qe~

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

lexzsfLeu~fo'os KkuL;k|aksrks osnjkf'kfjfr lqf/;% vkeufUrA rkn`'kL; osnL; lkj% mifu"kRlqlekfgrks orZrsA mifu"knk a ^czfo|k* ^Kkudk.Me~* ^osnkUr%* bR;fi ukekUrjkf.k fo|UrsAmi&fu bR;qilxZlfgrkr~ ln~ ("kn~y) /krks% fi~ izR;;s rs mifu"kr~&'kCnks fu"i|rs] ;suvKkuL; uk'kks Hkofr] vkReuks Kkualk;rs] lalkjpL; nq%[kaf'kfFkyhHkofr rkn`'kks Kkujkf'k%mifu"kRinsu vfHk/h;rsA xqjks% lehis mifo'; v;kRefo|kxzg.kaHkorhR;fi dkj.kkr~mifu"kfnfr

inalkFkZoaQ HkofrAizflklq108 mifu"kRLofi 11 mifu"kn% vR;Uraegoiw.kkZ% eguh;k'pA rk% bZ'k&osQu&

dB&iz'u&eq.Md&ek.MwD;&,srjs;&rSfkjh;&NkUnksX;&c`gnkj.;d&'osrk'orjk[;k% osnkUrkpk;kZ.kkaVhdkfHk% ifjef.Mrk% lfUrA

vk|k;ke~bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kfn ^bZ'kk/huatxRloZe~* bfr izfrik| HkxoniZ.kcq~;k Hkksxks fufnZ';rsAbZ'kksifu"kfn ^txR;k a txr~* bfr dFkusu leLrczk.ML; ;k xR;kRedrk fu:firk lkvkkqfudxos"k.kkfHkjfi lR;kfirkA lrra ifjorZekuk czk.MxrkpyuLoHkkok ;k l`f"V%&i'kwuka

izkf.kuka] rst%iqtkuka] unhuka] rjk.kka] ok;ks% ok_ ;k p fLFkjRosu voyksD;ekuk l`f"V%&ioZrkuka]


24/133

fo|;ke`re'uqrs 9

o{kk.kka] Hkouknhukaok lk lokZvfi l`f"V% bZ'ojk/huk lrh pyRLoHkkok ,oA bZ'ojL; foHkwR;klokZvfi l`f"V% ifjiw.kkZpyRLoHkkok p pdkLrsA rnqDra Hkxon~xhrk;ke~&

;|f}HkwfreRloa JhenwftZreso ok ArknsokoxPN Roaee rstksa'klEHkoe~AA bfr AA

Hkxon~xhrk&10-41

mifu"kRizLFkkujgL;a fo|k;k vfo|k;k'p leUo;eq[ksu v=k mn~?kkfVrefLrA ;s tukvfo|kinokP;s"kq ;K;kxkfndeZlq] HkkSfrd&'kkL=ks"kq] ykSfdds"kq Kkus"kq nSufUnulq[klk/ulp;ukFk

layXuekulk HkofUr rs ykSfddhe~mr izkIuqoUR;so_ fdUrq rs"kkars"kkatukuke~vk;kfReoaQ cye~]vUrLloa ok fuLlkja HkofrA ;s rq fo|kinokP;s vkReKkus ,o osQoya layXueul% HkofUr]HkkSfrdKkuL; lk/ulkexzh.kkap frjLdkjaoqQoZfUr rs thoufuokZgs] ykSfdosQH;qn;s p Dys'keuqHkofUrA

vr ,ovfo|;k HkkSfrdKkujkf'kfHk% ekuodY;k.kdkjhf.k thou;k=kklEikndkfu oLrwfulEizkI;fo|;kvkReKkusu&bZ'ojKkusu tUeeR;qnq%[kjfgre~ve`rRoaizkIuksfrA fo|k;k vfo|k;k'pKkusu ,o bg yksosQ lq[kaij=k p ve`rRofefr dY;k.khaokpe~mifn'kfr mifu"kr~ ^vfo|;ke`R;qarhRokZ fo|;kere'uqrs* bfrA

ikBka'ksu lg HkkolkE;ai;kZyksp;r&

fu;raoqQ# deZRoadeZT;k;ksdeZ.k%A'kjhj;k=kkfi p rs u izfl~;sndeZ.k% AA Hkxon~xhrk&3-8

v'kCneLi'kZe:ieO;;arFkkjla fuR;exUkoPp ;r~Avuk|uUraegr% ija kzqoafupk; rUe`R;qeq[kkRizeqP;rsAA dBksifu"kr~&3-15

dBksifu"kfn izfrikfnraJs;% izs;'p vf/R; l~x`hr&fn~ek=ka;Fkk&Js;'p isz;'p euq";esrLrkS

laijhR; fofoufDr /hj%AJs;ks fg /hjksfHkizs;lks o`.khrs

izs;ks eUnks ;ksx{ksekr~o`.khrsAA

dBksifu"kr~&2-2


25/133

10 'kk'orh

fofo/klqmifu"kRlq izfrikfnrke~vkReizkfIrfo"k;dftKklka fo'kn;r&uk;ekRek izopusu yH;ks

u esk;k u cgquk JqrsuA

;esoS"k o`.kqrs rsu yH;LrL;S"k

vkRek foo`.kqrs ruwaLoke~AA

dBksifu"kr~&2-23

oSfndLojk%

oSfndeU=ks"kq mPpkj.kn"V~;k f=kfokkuka ^Lojk.kka* iz;ksxks HkofrA eU=kk.kke~ vFkZefkR; fpUruaizfrizR;;;ks% ;ksxa] leklaokfJR; HkofrA r=k vFkZfukkZj.ks Lojk egow.kkZHkofUrA ^mPpS#nkk%*^uhpSjuqnkk%* ^lekgkj% Lofjr%* bfr ikf.kuh;kuq'kklukuq:ie~mnkkLoj% rkYokfnLFkkus"kqmifjHkkxsmPpkj.kh;%] vuqnkkLoj% rkYoknhukauhpS% LFkkus"kq] mHk;ks% Loj;ks% lekgkj:is.k (leizkkuRosu)Lofjr mPPkkj.kh; bfr mPpkj.ke%A oSfnd'kCnkukafuoZpukFkizo`ks fu#Drk[;s xzUFks ikf.kuh;f'k{kk;kap LojL; egoe~bRFkeqDre~&

eU=kks ghuLLojrks o.kZrks ok

feF;kiz;qDrks u reFkZekgAl okXotzks ;tekua fgufLr

;FksUnz'k=kqLLojrksijk/kr~AA

eU=kk% Lojlfgrk% mPpkj.kh;k bfr ijEijkA vr% LofjrLoj% v{kjk.kke~mifj fpsu] vuqnkkLoj%v{kjk.kka uhpS% fpsu] mnkkLoj% fdefi fpafouk p eU=kk.kka iBu&lkSd;kZFkizn';ZrsA


26/133

f}rh;% ikB%

j?kqdkSRllaokn%

izLrqr ikBka'k egkdfo dkfynkl }kjk fojfpr j?kqoa'k egkdkO; osQ ipe lxZls ladfyr gSAblesaegkjkt j?kq,oaojrUrqf"k osQ f'k"; dkSRl uked czpkjh osQ e; lkosQr uxjh esa

gqvk laokn of.kZr gSA

dkSRl osn] iqjk.k] osnk] n'kZu vkfn 14 fo|kvksadk v;;u lekIr djosQ xq#nf{k.kk

nsus dh bPNk ls vius xq# ojrUrqls ckj&ckj xq#nf{k.kk ysus dh izkFkZuk djrk gSA xq# }kjk

xq#HkfDr dks gh xq#nf{k.kk :i esaekuus ij Hkh dkSRl dh fujUrj izkFkZuk ls #"V gksdj ojrUrq

mls xq#nf{k.kk osQ :i esa14 djksM+ Lo.kZeqnzk;sansus dh vkKk nsrs gSaA

dkSRl fo'oftr~uked ;K esaloZLo nku dj pqosQ egkjkt j?kqosQ ikl xq#nf{k.kk osQ

fy, ku ekxus vkrk gSA egkjkt j?kq/uifr oqQcsj ij vke.k djus dh ;kstuk cukrs gSaA

Hk;Hkhr oqQcsj j?kqosQ dks"kkxkj esalqo.kZ&o`f"V dj nsrs gSaA j?kqdkSRl dks /u iznku dj lUrq"V

gksrs gSavkSj dkSRl Hkh xq# dks nsus osQ fy, xq#nf{k.kk izkIr dj lUrq"V gks tkrs gSaA

izLrqr ikBka'k ls ;g lUns'k feyrk gS fd 'kkld dks loZlk/kj.k tu osQ izfr mnkj ,oadY;k.kdkjh gksuk pkfg, rFkk ;kpd dks viuh vko';drk ls vf/d izkIr djus dh bPNk

ughaj[kuh pkfg,A


27/133

12 'kk'orh

reojs fo'oftfr f{krh'kafu%'ks"kfoJkf.krdks"ktkre~ Amikkfo|ks xq#nf{k.kkFkhZdkSRl% izisns ojrUrqf'k";% AA1AA

l e`Ue;s ohrfgj.e;Rokr~

ik=ks fu/k;k?;Zeu?kZ'khy% AJqrizdk'ka;'klk izdk'k%izR;qTtxkekfrfFkekfrFks;% AA2AA

repZf;Rok fof/of}f/K%riks/uaeku/ukxz;k;h Afo'kkaifrfoZ"VjHkktekjkr~

rktfy% R;fofnR;qokp AA3AA


28/133

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 13

vI;xz.kheZU=krke`"kh.kkaoqQ'kkxzcqs oqQ'kyh xq#Lrs A;rLRo;k Kkue'ks"kekIrayksosQu pSrU;feoks".kj'es% AA4AA

rokgZrks ukfHkxesu r`Iraeuks fu;ksxf;;ksRlqoaQ es A

vI;kK;k 'kkflrqjkReuk okizkIrksfl lEHkkof;rqaoukUeke~ AA5AA

bR;?;Zik=kkuqferO;;L;

j?kks#nkjkefi xkafu'kE; A

LokFkksZiifkaizfr nqcZyk'k&

LrfeR;oksp}jrUrqf'k";% AA6AA

loZ=k uks okrZeosfg jktu~~!ukFks oqQrLRo;'kqHkaiztkuke~ A

lw;sZ riR;koj.kk; n`"Vs%

dYisr yksdL; dFkarfek AA7AA

'kjhjek=ks.k ujsUnz fr"Bu~

vkHkkfl rhFkZizfrikfnrfZ% A

vkj.;dksikkiQyizlwfr%LrEcsu uhokj bokof'k"V% AA8AA

rnU;rLrkonuU;dk;ksZ

xqoZFkZekgrqZega;fr";s A

LoLR;Lrqrs fuxZfyrkEcqxHk

'kjn~?kuauknZfr pkrdksfi AA9AA


29/133

14 'kk'orh

,rkonqDRok izfr;krqdkea

f'k";aeg"ksZu`ZifrfuZf"k; A

d oLrqfo}u~! xqjos izns;a

Ro;k fd;}sfr reUo;q AA10AA

rrks ;Fkkof}fgrkojk;

rLeS Le;kos'kfooftZrk; A

o.kkZJek.kkaxqjos l o.khZfop{k.k% izLrqrekpp{ks AA11AA

lekIrfo|su e;k egf"kZ&

foZKkfirksHkwn~xq#nf{k.kk;S A

l es fpjk;kL[kfyrksipkjka

rkaHkfDresokx.k;RiqjLrkr~ AA12AA

fucZU/ltkr#"kkFkZdk';Z&efpUrf;Rok xq#.kkgeqDr% A

fokL; fo|kifjla[;;k es

dksVh'prks n'k pkgjsfr AA13AA

bRFkaf}tsu f}tjktdkfUr&

jkosfnrks osnfonkaojs.k A

,uksfuo`ksfUnz;o`fkjsua

txkn Hkw;ks txnsdukFk% AA14AA

xqoZFkZeFkhZ Jqrikjn'ok

j?kks% ldk'kknuokI; dkee~ A

xrks onkU;kUrjfeR;;aes

ek HkwRijhoknuokorkj% AA15AA


30/133

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 15

l Roaiz'kLrs efgrs enh;s

ola'prqFkksZfXufjokXU;xkjs A

f}=kk.;gkU;gZfl lks


31/133

16 'kk'orh

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'pfo'oftfr vojs & fo'oftr~ uked ;K esaA

dks"ktkre~ & /u lew gA lEiw.kZ/ujkf'kA

foJkf.kre~ & iznk_ nku esa fn;k gqvkA fo $ J.kq(nkus) $ Dr_ nke~A

mikkfo|% & fo|k dks izkIr fd;k gqvkA fo|klEiA

xq#nf{k.kkFkhZ & xq#nf{k.kk nsus dh bPNk ls izkFkZuk djus okykA

izisns & igq pkA iz $ in~(xrkS) fyV~$ iz-iq- ,dopue`.e;s & fe^h osQ cus gq,A e`r~$ e;V~A

ohrfgj.e;Rokr~ & lksus osQ cus gq, ik=kksaosQ u jgus lsA fgj.;L; fodkj% fgj.e;e~Afo $ b.k~$ DrA

fukk; & j[kdjA la LFkkI;A fu $ /k $ Y;i~A

v?;Ze~ & v?kZ fufekd nzO;A v?kkZFkZe~;ksX;e~bnanzO;e~v?kZ$ ;r~A

vu?kZ'khy% & vlk/kj.k vkpkjoku~A eguh; LoHkkookykA vewY;LoHkko%] vlkkkj.k&LoHkkoks okA uk~$ v?kZ%A vewY;e~A

Jqrizdk'ka & osnkfn 'kkL=kksa osQ v;;u ls izflA Jqr 'kkL=kA Jqrsu izdk'k%Are~A

Jqre~ & osnkfn 'kkL=kA Jw;rs bfr Jqra&osnkfn'kkL=ke~A Jq$ DrA

izR;qTtxke & ikl mBdj x;kA izfr $ mr~$ xe~$ fyV~A izFkeiq#"k ,dopuA

vkfrFks;% & vfrfFk lRdkj djus okykA vfrFk;s lk/q%A vfrfFk $


32/133

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 17

vkjkr~ & lehi esaA nwj vkSj lehi nksuksa vFkks esa ^vkjkr~* in dkiz;ksx gksrk gSA vO;;A

R;for~ & vius drZO; ,oamkjnkf;Ro dks le>us okykA $ ;r~$fon~$ fDoi~A

mokp & op (ifjHkk"k.ks) /krq] fyV~] izFke iq#"k] ,dopuA

eU=krke~ & eU=knz"VkvksaesaA euu djus okyksaesaA fpUru djus okyksaesaAizFke vFkZ esa &/krq dk vFkZ gS ^n'kZu* u fd fuekZ.kA"k;ks eU=knz"Vkj%A

oqQ'kkxzcqs & gs lw{en'khZ ! oqQ'kL; vxz oqQ'kkxza oqQ'kkxzfeo cqf;ZL; l%oqQ'kkxzh;e~A rRlEcks/ue~A oqQ'k ,d fo'ks"k izdkj dh rh[khukasd okyh ?kkl gksrh gS ftldk mi;ksx ;K&;kxkfn esafd;ktkrk gSA

v'ks"ke~ & lEiw .kZA vfo|eku% 'ks"k% ;fLeu~ rr~A u $ 'ks"ke~A 'ks"k ujgus rdA

yksosQu & yksxksalsA lewgokph inA

m".kjf'e% & lw;ZA m".k% jf'e% ;L; l%A cgqozhfg leklA

vkIre~ & izkIr fd;k x;kA vkIy` (O;kIrkS) $ DrA

vgZr% & iz'kalk osQ ;ksX; dkA vg~Z(iwtk;ke~) $ 'kr`] "k"Bh ,dopuAvgZ~&kkrqls îz'kalk* osQ vFkZesagh 'kr` izR;; gksrk gSA

vfHkxesu & vkxeu lsA

rÌre~ & lUrq "VA rì~(izh.kus) $ DrA

fu;ksxf;;k & vkKk lsAmRlqoaQ & mRdf.BrA

lEHkkof;rqe~ & rkFkZ djus osQ fy,A le~$ Hkw$ f.kp~$ rqequ~A

v?;Zik=kkuqferO;;L; & (e`.e;) v?;Z ik=k ls gh ftlosQ lEiw.kZ /u osQ O;; gkstkus dk irk yxrk gS mldkA v?;ZL; ik=ke~A v?;Zik=ks.kvuqfer% O;;% ;L; l%A rL; j?kks%A

xke~ & ok.kh dksA xks 'kCn vusdkFkZd gSA bl LFkku ij ok.kh dk

okpd gSA


33/133

18 'kk'orh

fu'kE; & lqudjA fu $ 'ke~$ Y;i~A

LokFkksZiifke~ & vius iz;kstu (dk;Z) dh flf dksA ;gkvFkZ'kCn iz;kstuokpd gSA

nqcZyk'k% & fujk'k gksrs gq,_ f'kfFky euksjFk gksrs gq,A nqcZyk vk'kk ;L;l%A

vokspr~ & cksykA op~$ (ifjHkk"k.ks) y~izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA

okrZe~ & oqQ'kyrk] uhjksxrkA ^okr] LokLF;e~] vkjksX;e~] vuke;e~* bfr

i;kZ;inkfuAvosfg & tkuksA vo $ bfg (b.k~xrkS) yksV~e;eiq#"k ,dopuA

lw;sZ rifr (lfr) & lw;ZosQ izdk'keku gksus ijA lrh lIreh iz;ksxA rifr & ri$ 'kr` lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu (iqa-)

dFkadYisr & oSQls i;kZIr gksxk (leFkZughagksxk) Dy`i~(lkeF;sZ) fofkfy~A izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

rfek & vUkdkj lew gA ^rfek rqreLrrkS*A

'kjhjek=ks.k & osQoy 'kjhj lsA osQoya'kjhja'kjhjek=ke~A ek=kp~izR;;AvkHkkfLk & lq'kksfHkr gks jgs gksA vk $ Hkk (nhIrkS) yV~ e;e iq#"k

,dopuA

rhFkZizfrikfnrfkZ% & lRik=kk sa dks lkjh lEifk nku djus okysA rhFk sZ&lRik=k sizfrikfnrk&nkk f%&lef% (lEir~) ;su l%A

vkj.;dk% & vj.; esa fuokl djus okys eqfutu vkfn vj.;s Hkok%vkj.;dk%A

LrEcsu & Mka B (MaBy) ek=k lsA r`rh;k foHkfDr ,dopuAuhokj% & kkU; fo'ks"kA taxy esaLor% mRiUu gqvk kkU; fo'ks"kA

vuU;dk;Z% & ftls fufnZ"V ms'; osQ vfrfjDr vU; dk;Zu gksA iz;kstukUrj&jfgr%A u fo|rs vU;dk; ;L; l%A vU;Pp rr~ dk;ZpvU;dk;Ze~A

vkgrqZe~ & xzg.k djus osQ fy;sA vk $ (gj.ks) $ rqe~A

;fr";s & iz;Ru d:xkA ;rh (iz;Rus) $ y`V~mke iq#"k cgqopuA


34/133

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 19

fuxZfyrkEcqxHk & ftlosQ xHkZ ls ty fudy pqdk gksA vECoso xHkZ% vEcqxHkZ%AfuxZfyr% vEcqxHkZ% ;Lekr~l%A

'kjn~/ue~ & 'kjr~ dkfyd es?kA

uknZfr & ;kpuk ugha djrk gSA u $ vnZfrA vn~Z(xrkS ;kpus p) yV~izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

pkrd% & iihgk (i{kh fo'ks"k) pkrd i{khA

izfr;krqdkee~ & ykSV tkus dh bPNk okys dksA izfr;krqadke% ;L; l% re~A

izfr $ ;k (izki.ks) $ rqe~A ^rqadkeeulksjfi* bl vuq'kkluls ^rqe~* izR;; osQ edkj dk yksi gksrk gSA

fuf"k; & fuokj.k djA fuok;Z A fu $ f"kk~(xR;ke~) $ Y;i~A

izns;e~ & nsus ;ksX;A iz $ nk (nkus) $ ;r~A

fd;r~ & fdrukA d ifjek.ke~ \A

vUo;q~Dr & iwNkA vuq $ ;qt~ $ y~ izFke iq#"k ,dopuA v;q~Drv;qtkrke~v;qtrA

;Fkkor~ & fof/or~ A 'kkL=kksaosQ fu;ekuq:iALe;kos'kfooftZrk; & tks xoZosQ vkos'k ls oftZr gksA xokZfHkfuos'k'kwU;k;A Le;%

xoZ%A

o.khZ & czpkjhA o.kZ$ bu~A

vkpp{ks & dgus yxk FkkA vk $ pf{k~(O;Drk;kaokfp) fyV~izFkeiq#"k,dopuA

xqjos & fu;ked dksA iztkukafu;kedk;A

xq#nf{k.kk;S & xq#nf{k.kk Lohdkj djus gsrqAfpjk; & fpjdky ls (cgqr o"kksls@cgqr fnuksals)A ;g ,d vO;;

gS ftl osQ vUr esaukuk foHkfDr;ksaosQ :i fn[kkbZiM+rs gSaAtSls fpje~] fpjkr~] fpjL;A ;s LkHkh lekukFkZd gSaA

vx.k;r~ & fxu fy;kA x.k~ (la[;kus) $ f.kp~$ y~A pqjkfn x.kA

iqjLrkr~ & lc ls igysA vO;;A

fucZUksu & ckj ckj izkFkZuk fd;s tkus lsA izkFkZukfr'k;suA


35/133

20 'kk'orh

vFkZdk';Ze~ & vFkZ ladV] nkfjn~z;A

vfpUrf;Rok & fcuk lkspsA uk~$ fprh (laKkus) $ f.kp~$ RokA

fo|kifjl~[;;k & fo|k dh x.kuk (la [;k) osQ vuqlkjA

vkgj & ykvksA vk $ $ yksV~A e;e iq#"k ,dopuA

,uksfuo`ksfUnz;o`fk% & ftrsfUnz;A ikiksa ls fuo`k bfUnz; o`fk okysA ,u% iki]vijkkA

txkn & dgkA xn~ (O;Drk;kaokfp) $ fyV~A izFkeiq#"k ,dopuA

Jqrikjn`'ok & 'kkL=kK] 'kkL=keeZ KA JqrL; ikjan`"Voku~A Jqr $ ikj $ n`'k~$ fui~A

ldk'kkr~ & ikl lssA vO;;A

onkU;kUrje~ & nwljs nkrkA onkU;% nkuhA vU;% onkU;% onkU;kUrje~A

ekHkwr~ & u gksosA ek~$ vHkwr~A

ijhokn% & fuUnkA ^ifjokn* 'kCn Hkh fuUnkFkZd gSA

olu~ & jgrs gq,A ol~(fuokls) $ 'krA izFkek foHkfDr] ,dopuA

prqFkZ% vfXu% bo & pkSFkh vfXu tSlkA nf{k.kkfXu] xkgZiR;kfXu vkSj vkgouh;kfXuuke ls vfXu osQ rhu izdkj gSaA

vXU;xkjs & vfXu'kkyk esa A ;K'kkyk esaA

RonFklkkf;rqa;ko|rs & rqEgkjk iz;kstu iwjk djus osQ fy, ;Ru d:xkA ro $ vFkZe~] RonFkZe~ ;kor~ $ ;rsA ^;fr";s* bl vFkZ esa ^;rs* dkiz;ksxA ;rh (iz;Rus) $ yV~] vkReusinhA mkeiq#"k ,dopuA

vforFke~& lR;A forFke~ feF;k] u forFke~ vforFke~A

lje~ & izfrKk dksA ^laj* ukukFkZd 'kCn gSA

xke~ & Hkw fe dksA vusdkFkZd 'kCnA

pdes & bPNk dhA de~ (dkUrkS)] fyV~] vkReusinh] izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

dks"kx`gs & [ktkus esaA ^dks'kx`g* in Hkh izpkj esagSA

'k'kalq% & dgk FkkA dFk;keklq %A 'kal~$ fyV~izFke iq#"k cgqopuA

uHkLr% & vkdk'k dh vksj lsA uHkl~$ rfly~A vO;;A


36/133

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 21

Hkklqje~ & pedrs gq,A pedhykA HkkLoje~AvfHk;kL;ekukr~ & vke.k fd;s tkus okys (oqQcsj ls)A vfHk $ ;k (izki.ks)

$ y`V~ (deZf.k) ;o~Q $ 'kkup~A vfHkxfe";ek.kkr~Afnns'k & ns fn;kA fn'k~(vfrltZus) fyV~izFke iq#"k ,dopuAlqesjks% & lqes# ioZr dkA iqjk.kksaosQ vuqlkj ;g Lo.kZe; ioZr gSAotzfHkUue~ & otzk;q/ ls dVk gqvkA ^otz* bUnz dk vk;qk gSA mlus otzk;qk

ls ioZrksaosQ ia[k dkV fn;s] ,slh ikSjkf.kd dFkk gSAikne~ & fxfjikn%A rygVhA izR;UrioZrfeo fLFkre~A

vfHkuU|lokS & iz'kaluh; O;ogkj okys (nksuksa)A vfHkuU|aloa ;;ks% rkSAxq#izns;kf/dfu%Li`g% & xq# dks nsus ls vf/d nzO; dks ysus esabPNk u j[kus okyk

(vFkh)vfkdizn% & vf/d nsus okykA vf/oaQ iznnkfr bfrAlkosQrfuokflu% & v;ks;k osQ fuoklh yksxA lkosQr $ fuokl $ bu~A "k"Bh

foHkfDr ,dopuA

vH;kl%1- la LrHkk"k;k mkja fy[kr&

(d) dkSRl% dL; f'k"; vklhr~\

([k) j?kq% de~voje~vuqfr"Bfr Le\

(x) dkSRl% fdeFk j?kqaizki\

(?k) eU=krke~vxz.kh% d% vklhr~\

() rhFkZizfrikfnrfZ% ujsUnz% dFkfeo vkHkkfr Le\(p) pkrdksfi oaQ u ;kprs\

(N) dkSRlL; xq#% xq#nf{k.kkRosu fd;ua ns;fefr vkfnns'k\

(t) j?kq% dLekr~ijhoknkr~ Hkhr% vklhr~\

(>) dLekr~vFk fu""Vqe~j?kq% pdes\

(k) fgj.e;hao` "V osQ 'k'kalq%\

(V) dkS vfHkuU|lokS vHkwrke~\


37/133

22 'kk'orh

2- dks"Bdkr~leqfpraineknk; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) ;'klk------------------------- vfrfFkaizR;qTtxkeA (izdk'k%] ".k%] vkfrFks;%)

([k) eku/ukxz;k;h------------------------- rikskue~mokpA (fo'kkEifr%] vrktfy%] dkSRl%)

(x) oq Q'kkxzcqs! ------------------------- oqQ'kyhA (rs f'k";%] rs xq#%] vxz.kh%)

(?k) gs jktu~loZ=k------------------------- vosfgA (nq%[ke~] okrZe~] vlq[ke~)

() LrEcsu vof'k"V% ------------------------- bo vkHkkflA (kkU;e~] uhokj%] o{k%)

(p) gs fo}u~! ------------------------- xqjos fd;r~izns;e~A (Ro;k] e;k] yksosQu)

(N) ------------------------- vfpUrf;Rok xq#.kk vgeqDr% ('kjhjDys'ke~] vFkZdk';Ze~] jksxDys'ke~)

3- vkksfyf[krkukalizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k dk;kZ&

(d) dksVh'prks n'k pkgjA

([k) ekHkwRijhoknuokorkj%A

(x) f}=kk.;gkU;gZfl lks


38/133

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 23

6- v/ksfyf[krkukainkukaleqfpra;kstua oqQ#r&

(v) (vk)

(d) rs (1) prqnZ'k

([k) pr% n'k p (2) xq #nf{k.kkFkhZ

(x) vL[kfyrksipkjka (3) vgkfu

(?k) pSrU;e~ (4) LofLr vLrq

() dkSRl% (5) izcksk% izdk'kks ok(p) f}=kkf.k (6) HkfDre~

7- izfrizR;;foHkkx% f;rke~&

(d) vFkhZ ([k) e`.e;e~ (x) 'kkflrq% (?k) vof'k"V% () mDRok (p) izLrqre~

(N) mDr% (t) vokI; (>) yCke~(k) vos{;A

8- foHkfDr&fyX&opukfnfunsZ'kiwoZoaQ inifjp;a oqQ#r&(d) tuL; ([k) }kS (x) rkS (?k) lqesjks% () izkr% (p) ldk'kkr~ (N) es

(t) Hkw;% (>) fokL; (k) xq#.kk

9- vkksfyf[krkuka f;kinkuke~ vU;s"kq iq#"kopus"kq :ikf.k fy[kr&

(d) vxzghr~ ([k) fnns'k (x) vHkwr~ (?k) txkn () mRlgrs (p) vnZfr

(N) ;kprs (t) vokspr~

10- vkksfyf[krkuka inkuka foykse inkfu fy[kr&(d) fu%'ks"ke~([k) vlr~ (x) mnkjke~ (?k) v'kqHke~ () leLre~

11- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka okD;s"kq iz;ksxa oqQ#r&

(d) u`i% ([k) vFkhZ(x) Hkklqje~(?k) o`f"V% () foke~(p) onkU;% (N) f}tjkt%

(t) xoZ% (>) ?ku% (k) okrZe~


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24 'kk'orh

12- v/ksfyf[krkuke~ vUo;a oqQ#r&

(d) l e`.e;s ohrfgj.e;Rokr~ ------------------------- vkfrFks;%A

([k) lekIrfo|su e;k egf"kZ% ------------------------- iqjLrkr~A

(x) l Roa iz'kLrs efgrs enh;s ------------------------- RonFkZe~A

13- vkksfyf[krs"kq iz;qDrkuke~ vyjk.kka funsZ'ka oqQ#r&

(d) ^;rLRo;k Kkue'ks"kekIrayksosQu

pSrU;feoks".kj'es%*AA

([k) 'kjhjek=ks.k ujsUnz! fr"B Hkkfl ------------------------- bokof'k"V%AA

(x) ra HkwifrHkkZlqjgsejkf'ka ------------------------- otzfHke~AA

14- vkksfyf[krs"kq NUn% fufnZ';rke~&

(d) reojs fo'oftfr f{krh'ka ------------------------- ojrUrqf'k";%AA

([k) xqoZFkZeFkhZ Jqrikjn`'ok ------------------------- uokorkj%AA

(x) l Roa iz'kLrs efgrs

-------------------------

RonFkZe~AA15- ^j?kq&dkSRllaokna* ljylaLrHkk"k;k Lodh;S% okD;S% fo'kn;rA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%dkfynklh;k dkO;'kSyh ln;kukaeuks furjkajt;frA izfregkdkO;alqyfyrS% lqekqjS% izlknxq.kHkfjrS%p 'kCnlUnHkSZ% euksgkfj.k% laoknku~ dfo% lek;kst;frA r=k n;ek% ifjljlfUuos'kk%vkJeksioukn;%] yrkxqYekn;%] 'kqd&fid&e;wj&ejUn&gfj.kkn;% LoHkkoje.kh;k% dfouk fp=;UrsArkn`'kk% laoknk% dkfynklh;egkdkO;;ks% lUR;usosQA ;Fkk&j?kqoa'ks ,o f}rh;lxsZ lg&fnyhi;ks%laokns&

^vyaeghiky ro Jes.k iz;qDreI;L=kferks oFkk L;kr~Au ikniksUewyu'kfDrjag% f'kyksPp;s ewPNZfr ek#rL;AA**

j?kqoa'ke~ 2-34

lEcUkekHkk"k.kiwoZekgqo`Zk% l ukS lr;ksoZukUrsA

rn~HkwrukFkkuqx! ukgZfl RoalEcfU/uks es iz.k;afogUrqe~AAj?kqoa'ke~ 2-58


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j?kqdkSRllaokn% 25

dkfynkl% miekykjfiz;%A rL; losZ"kqdkO;s"kqmiek;k% n;gkjhf.k mnkgj.kkfu yH;UrsA ;Fkk&

oU;o`fkfjeka 'k'onkRekuqxeusu xke~Afo|keH;lususo izlknf;rqegZflAA

j?kqoa'ke~ 1-88

v?;Ze~ & v?;Ze~bfr insu vfrfFklRdkjkFkl~xzkanzO;e~vfHk/h;rsA Hkkjrh;k;ke~vfrfFklRdkjijEijk;ke~,rs"kkanzO;k.kkafurjkaegoaorZrsA rkfu nzO;kf.k nwjknkxrL; vfrfFktuL;v?oJee~ viusraq leFkkZfu_ vr ,o rkfu v?;ZnzO;s"kqLFkkuaHktUrsA v?kZL;] v?;ZL;

ok nzO;kf.k rq& nwokZ] v{krkfu] l"kZ;k%] iq"ikf.k lqxU/hfu] pUnukfnlqxfU/nzO;kf.k]Loknq'khryatypA v?kZ% v?;ok vfrFkhuke~mipkjkFk] vknjkFkok fo/h;r bfr;kKoyD;% izkgA r|Fkk&

^nwokZl"kZiiq"ik.kkanok?k iw.kZetfye~* bfrA

fo|k & izkphudkys prqnZ'k fo|k% ikB~;Urs LeA rk% Le`fr"kqmfYyf[krk% lfUrA r|Fkk

vkfu osnk'pRokjks ehekalk U;k;foLrj%Aiqjk.ka /eZ'kkL=ka p fo|k srk'prqnZ'kAA

f'k{kk] O;kdj.ka] NUn%] fu#Dra] T;kSfr"ka] dYi% bfr "kV~ osnkkfu_ o~Q] lke];tq%] vFkoZ.k bfr pRokjks osnk%A osnkFkZfopkjk; izo`kaehekalk'kkL=ke~] U;k;foLrj'kCnsuKk;ekuk vkUohf{kdh] n.Muhfr%] okrkZ] p_ v"Vkn'k&iqjk.kfu_ keZ'kkL=kp prqnZ'k&fo|klqvUrHkZofUrA

eU=k% & eU=k bfr ina êf=k* (xqIrHkk"k.ks) /krks% ?kk~izR;;s rs fu"i%] f"kfHk% n`"Vkuke~vkuqiwokZiz/kukuke~X;tqLlkekFkokZ[;kukalkekU;su ckskde~A izR;soaQ osns vUrxZrkuka

eU=kk.kkackskdr;k fHkk% fHkk% 'kCnk% iz;qT;UrsA osQoye~ ~eU=k.kkars ^p*bfr lkeeU=kk.kka^lkekfu* bfr] ;tqeZU=kk.kka^;twaf"k* bfr vFkoZeU=kk.kka^vkFkokZ* bfrp laKkA

KkukFkZdkr~ êu~* /krks% vfi eU=k'kCnL; O;qRifkaizn'kZ;fUrA ;kukoLFkk;kaeU=kku~"k;% vi';u~bfr dkj.kkr~rs êU=knz"Vkj* bR;qP;UrsA loZnk euuaoqQoZfUr] ;kueXukHkofUr bfr dkj.kkr~"k;% eU=kr bR;fi mP;UrsA


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26 'kk'orh

cgqHkk"kkKkue~& vkksfyf[krkuke~vU;Hkk"kk'kCnkuka lekukFkZdkfu inkfu ikBs vUos"VO;kfu

estcku (Host) vxokuh (to receive) ftn (insistance)

fof'k"VokD;fuekZ.kdkS'kye~

^lw;sZrifr dFkarfek*&,rRln'kkfu okD;kfu fuesZ;kfu

1- lw;sZvLre~------------------------- (xe~) pUnz mnsfrA

2- ef; ekxsZ------------------------- (LFkk) ;kue~vkxre~A

3- rfLeu~-------------------------

(izPN~) vge~mkje~v;PNe~AvusdkFkZd'kCn% &ikB~ka'ks n`"Vkuke~vusdkFkZd'kCnkukal~xzgaRok ukuk vFkkZu~mfYYk[krA

dkO;lkSUn;Zcks/% &dkfynklL; vU;s"kq dkO;s"kq & rqlagkj&es?knwr;ks%] ekyfodkfXufe=k&foekSoZ'kh;kfHkKku'kkoqQUrys"kqoqQekjlEHkos p Hkof% voyksfdrk% vykjS%lq'kksfHkrk% 'yksdk% l~xzkk%] dkO;lkSUn;p leqiLFkkiuh;e~A

fp=kys[kue~ &dkfynklra izfrfp=k.ke~] vkJefp=k.ka] o{kknhuka i'kqif{k.kkap fp=k.ka'yksdksYys[kuiwoZoaQ iQyosQ"kqi=ks"kqok o.kSZ% ysiuh;e~A


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r`rh;% ikB%

ckydkSrqde~

izLrqr ikB d#.k jl osQ vuqie fprsjs egkdfo HkoHkwfr fojfpr mkjjkepfjre~ ukedizfl ukVd osQ prqFkZvad ls ladfyr fd;k x;k gSA jktk jke }kjk fuokZflrk Hkxorh lhrkosQ tqM+okiq=kksa yo ,oaoqQ'k dk egf"kZokYehfd osQ }kjk ikyu&iks"k.k fd;k x;k] mUgsa 'kL=kksa,oa'kkL=kksa dh f'k{kk nh x;h rFkk Lojfpr jkek;.k osQ lLoj xku dk vH;kl djk;k x;kAegf"kZokYehfd osQ vkJe esavfrfFk :i esai/kjs jktf"kZtud] dkSlY;k ,oav#U/rh [ksyrsgq, ckydksaosQ chp ,d ckyd esajke ,oalhrk dh Nk;k ns[krs gSaA os mUgsacqykdj xksn esafcBkdj okRlY; dh o"kkZdjrs gSaA brus esagh pUnzosQrq}kjk jf{kr jktk jke dk v'oeskh;v'o vkJe esaizos'k djrk gSA uxjh; v'o dks ns[kdj vkJe osQ ckydksaesadkSrwgy mRiUugksrk gSA os mls ns[kus osQ fy, yo dks Hkh cqyk ykrs gSaA yo ?kksM+s dks ns[krs gh tku tkrsgSafd ;g v'oeskh; ?kksM+k gSA j{kdksadh ?kks"k.kk lqudj ckyd yo ?kksM+s dks vkJe esaystkdj ck/us dk vkns'k nsrs gSaA bldk vR;Ur ekfeZd fp=k.k bl ikB esa gqvk gSA

(usiF;sdydy%A losZvkd.kZ;fUr)

tud% % v;s] f'k"Vku;k; bR;L[kfyra[ksyrkacVwukadksykgy%AdkSlY;k % lqyHklkS[;fenkuha ckyRoa HkofrA vgks] ,rs"kka e;s d ,"k

jkeHknzL; eqX/yfyrSjSnkZjdksLekoaQ ykspus 'khry;fr\v#U/rh % oq Qoy;nyfLuX/';ke% f'k[k.Mde.Muks

oVqifj"knaiq.;Jhd% fJ;So lHkkt;u~Aiqujfi f'k'kqHkwZrks oRl% l es j?kquUnuks>fVfr oqQ#rs n`"V% dks;an`'kksje`rktue~AA1AA

tud% % (fpjafuoZ.;Z ) Hkks% fdeI;srr~AefgEukesrfLeu~fou;f'kf'kjks ekSX;el.kksfonXkSfuZxzkZks u iqujfonXkSjfr'k;% A

euks es laeksgfLFkjefi gjR;s"k cyoku~v;ks/krqa;}Rifjy?kqj;LdkUr'kdy% AA


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28 'kk'orh

yo% % (izfo';] Loxre~) vfoKkro;% ekSfpR;kr~iwT;kufi lr%dFkefHkoknf;";s\ (fofpUR;) v;a iqujfo#izdkj bfro`sH;% Jw;rsA (lfou;eqil`R;) ,"k oks yoL; f'kjlkiz.kkei;kZ;%A

v#U/rhtudkS % dY;kf.ku~! vk;q"eku~Hkw;k%A

dkSlY;k % tkr! fpjathoA

v#U/rh % ,fg oRl! (yoeqRls xghRok vkRexre~)fn"V~;k u osQoy&eqRlf'pjkUeuksjFkksfi es iwfjr%A

dkSlY;k % tkr! brksfi rkonsfgA (mRls x`ghRok) vgks] u osQoyaekalyksTToysu nsgcU/su] dygal?kks"k& ?k?kZjkuqukfnuk Lojs.kp jkeHknzeuqljfrA tkr! i';kfe rs eq[kiq.Mjhde~A (fpcqd&eqUue;] fu:I;] lok"ikowQre~) jkt"ksZ! fdau i';fl\ fuiq.ka

fu:I;ek.kks oRlk;k es ook eq[kpUnzs.kkfi laonR;soA

tud% % i';kfe] lf[k! i';kfeA (fu:I;)oRlk;k'p j?kw}gL; p f'k'kkofLeUufHkO;T;rs]lao`fk% izfrfcEcrso fuf[kyk lSokfr% lk |qfr% Alk ok.kh fou;% l ,o lgt% iq.;kuqHkkoksI;lkSgk gk nsfo fdeqRiFkSeZe eu% ikfjIyoa/kofr AA

dkSlY;k % tkr! vfLr rs ekrk\ Lejfl ok rkre~\

yo% % ufgAdkSlY;k % rr% dL; Roe~\

yo% % Hkxor% lqx`ghruke/s;L; okYehosQ%A

dkSlY;k % vf; tkr! dFkf;rO;adFk;A

yo% % ,rkonso tkukfeA

(izfo'; lEHkzkUrk%)


44/133

ckydkSrqde~ 29

cVo% % oqQekj! oqQekj! v'oks'o bfr dksfi Hkwrfo'ks"kks tu&ins"ouqJw;rs] lks;e/qukLekfHk% Lo;aizR;{khr%A

yo% % ^v'oks'o* bfr uke i'kqlekEuk;s lkaxzkfeosQ p iB~;rs] rn~czwrdhn`'k%\

cVo% % v;s] Jw;rke~i'pkRiqPNaogfr foiqyarPp kwuksR;te~nh?kZxzho% l Hkofr] [kqjkLrL; pRokj ,o A

'k"ik.;fk] izfdjfr 'kr~fi.Mdkukezek=kku~fdaO;k[;kuSozZtfr l iqunwZjessfg ;ke% AA

(bR;ftusgLr;ks'pkd"kZfUr)

yo% % (ldkSrqdksijks/fou;e~A) vk;kZ%! i';rA ,fHkuhZrksfLeA (bfrRofjraifjkefrA)

v#U/rhtudkS % egRdkSrqoaQ oRlL;A

dkSlY;k % vj.;xHkZ:ikykiS;wZ;a rksf"krk o;apA Hkxofr! tkukfe rai';Urh ofprsoA rLekfnrksU;rks HkwRok izs{kkegs rkor~iyk;ekuanh?kkZ;q"ke~A

v#U/rh % vfrtosu nwjefrkUr% l piy% dFkan`';rs\ (izfo';)

cVo% % i';rqoqQekjLrkonk'p;Ze~A

yo% % n`"VeoxrapA uwuek'oesf/dks;e'o%A

cVo% % dFkaKk;rs\yo% % uuqew[kkZ%! ifBreso fg ;q"ekfHkjfi rRdk.Me~A d u i';Fk\

izR;soaQ 'krla[;k% dofpuks nf.Muks fu"kf.k'p jf{krkj%A;fn p foizR;;LrRi`PNrA

cVo% % Hkks Hkks%! diz;kstuks;e'o% ifjo`r% i;ZVfr\


45/133

30 'kk'orh

yo% % (lLigekRexre~) ^v'oes/* bfr uke fo'ofotf;uka {kf=k;k.kk&ewtZLoy% loZ{k=kifjHkkoh egku~mRd"kZfud"k%A (usiF;s)

;ks;e'o% irkosQ;eFkok ohj?kks"k.kk A

lIryksoSQdohjL; n'kd.BoqQyf}"k% AA

yo% % (lxoZe~)A vgks! lanhiukU;{kjkf.kA

cVo% % fdeqP;rs\ izkK% [kyqoqQekj%A

yo% % Hkks Hkks%! rfRde{kf=k;k i`fFkoh\ ;nsoeqn~?kks";rs\ (usiF;s)js] js] egkjktaizfr d% {kf=k;%\

yo% % f/x~tkYeku~A

;fn uks lfUr lUR;so osQ;e| foHkhf"kdk A

fdeqDrSjsfHkj/quk rkairkdkagjkfe o% AA

gs cVo%! ifjoR; yks"BSjfHk?uUr miu;rSue'oe~A ,"k jksfgrkukae;spjks

HkorqA(izfo'; lks/%)


46/133

ckydkSrqde~ 31

iq#"k% % f/o~Q piy! fdeqDrokufl\ rh{.krjk k;q/Js.k;% f'k'kksjfi nIrkaokpau lgUrsA jktiq=k'pUnzosQrqnqZnkZUr%] lksI;iwokZj.;n'kZukf{kIrn;ksu ;konk;kfr] rkor~Rofjreusu r#xgusukiliZrA

cVo% % oqQekj! ra re'osuA rtZ;fUr foLiQkfjr'kjkluk% oqQekj&ek;qkh;Js.k;%A nwjs pkJeine~A brLrnsfgA gfj.kIyqrS% iyk;kegsA

yo% % d uke foLiqQjfUr 'kL=kkf.k\

(bfr /uqjkjksi;fr)

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

f'k"Vku;k;% & f'k"Vs"kq(vkIrs"kq) vu;k;% f'k"Vkxeuiz;qDrksu;k;%A cM+s yksxksaosQ vkus ij vodk'kA

vL[kfyre~ & vfu;fU=kre~ ] csjksdVksdA

lqyHklkS[;e~ & lqyHkalkS[;efLeu~A blesa (cpiu esa) lq[k lqyHk gksrk gSAeqX/yfyrS% & eqX/S% euksgjS% yfyrS%&lqoqQekjS%A euksgj o lqoqQekjA

oqQoy;nyfLuX/& & oqQoy;e~ &uhydeye~rL; nye~&i=ke~

';ke% & rL; bo fLuX/%&el`.k% ';ke%&".ko.kZ%A uhy dey&ny osQleku fLuX/ (fpduk) rFkk ';keo.kZA

f'k[k.Mde.Mu% & dkdi{k'kksfHkr%A dkdi{kksa(?kq?kjkys ckyksa) ls vy~rA

iq.;Jhd% & iq.;k&vykSfddh Jh 'kksHkk ;L;A vykSfdd 'kksHkk& lEiUuA

n`'kksje`rktue~ & n`'kks%&us=k;ks%] ve`rktue~&ve`re;e~vtue~] vk[kksaesave`re;vtuA

fou;f'kf'kj% & fou;su&fouezr;k] f'kf'kj%&'khry%A fou; ls 'khry (efgEukefr'k;%dk fo'ks"k.k)A

ekSX;el`.k% & ekSX;su&e/qjLoHkkor;k] el`.k%&dksey% loZHkkoqd& tuLi`g.kh;%Aekqj LoHkko osQ dkj.k dksey] Li`g.kh;A

fonX/S% & lw{eefrfHk%A foosfd;ksaosQ }kjkA


47/133

32 'kk'orh

lEeksgfLFkje~ & lEeksgsu&'kksdk?kkrsu] fLFkje~&tMhHkwrfeo] lhrk fuokZluosQ dkj.k 'kksdk?kkr ls laKk'kwU; lk tM+A

v;LdkUr'kdy% & v;LdkUr/krks%&pqEcdL; 'kdy%&vo;o% ([k.M%)]pqEcd dk NksVk&lk VqdM+kA

vfoKkro;%ekSfpR;kr~ & vfoKkre~ o;% ekSfpR;e~&voLFkk e (vk;qesaNksVscM+s dk e) dk Kku u gksus lsA

iz.kkei;kZ;% & ;Fkkea iz.kkeijaijkA vkSfpR; e osQ vuqlkj iz.kkeA

mRls & ksMsA xksn esaA

ekalyksTToysu & eka lysu&ifjiq"Vsu cyork mTToysu&izdk'k;qDrsu] rstfLoukAcfy"B vkSj rstLohA

dygal?kks"k?k?kZjkuqukfnuk & dyga lL; ;ks ?kks"k%&'kCn% rL; vuqukfnuk&vuqdkfj.kkAe/qj d.Bokys gal osQ Loj dk vuqdj.k djus okys(Loj ls)A

eq[kiq.Mjhde~ & eq[keso iq.Mjhde~&'osrdeye~] eq[k:ih deyAiq.;kuqHkko% & iq.;'pklkS vuqHkko% ifo=k%&izHkko%] ekgkRE;e~] iq.;

izHkkoA vuqHkko% izHkkos p lrkap efrfu'p;sAvfHkO;T;rs & vfHk $ fo $ vt~ /krq $ yV~ (deZokP;)]

izFke iq#"k ,dopu] vfHkO;Dr gksrk gSA

mRiFkS% & mUekxSZ%A mUekxkslsA

ikfjIyoe~ & ppye~ A

i'kqlekEuk;s & i'kq oxZo.kZuijs 'kkL=ks] i'kq'kkL=k esaAlkaxzkfeosQ & laxzke o.kZuijs 'kkL=ks] laxzke'kkL=k esaA/quksfr & /wk~ $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu (Lokfnx.k]

'uqfodj.k)] fgykrk jgrk gSA

vte~ & fujUrje~ ] yxkrkjAnh?kZxzho% & nh?kkZ xzhok ;L; l%] ftldh xnZu yEch gSAizfdjfr & iz $ oQ $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu (rqnkfn] 'k

fodj.k)] fc[ksjrk gSA R;kxrk gSA

'kr~ & iqjh"ke~A eyA


48/133

ckydkSrqde~ 33

vkezek=kku~ & vkeziQyrqY;ku~A vke osQ iQyksatSlkA

ldkSrqdksijks/fou;e~ & dkSrqoQu] mijks/su] fou;su p lfgre~] dkSrwgy] vkxzgvkSj fou; osQ lkFkA

vj.;xHkZ:ikykiS% & vj.;xHkkZ .kka&oufuokfluka(ckydkuka) :iS%& 'kjhjlkS"BoS%]vkykiS%&okrkZfHk%A ouoklh ckydksaosQ 'kjhj lkSUn;ZvkSjckrphr lsA

iyk;ekue~ & ijk $ v;~ $ yV~ & 'kkup~ vkns'k (/kr q)milxZL;k;rks ijk osQ j~dks y~vkns'k f}rh;k ,dopu]

nkSM+rs gq, dksAnh?kkZ;q"ke~ & nh?kZ e~vk;q% ;L; l% nh?kkZ;q%] re~A fpjk;qdks v'oes/

;K lEcU/hA

fu"kf.k & fu"k k% lfUr ;s"kke~ rs fu"kf.k%A fu"k $ bfu] (iq-)izFkek foHkfDr cgqopuA rjdl/kjhA

foizR;;% & lUnsg] fo $ izfr $ b.k~/krq $ vp~ izR;;A

mQtZLoy% & mQtksZL;kLrhfr mQtZLoy%] mQtZl~$ oyp~A 'kfDr'kkyhA

loZ{k=kifjHkkoh & leLr ('k=kq ) jktkvksadks ijkftr djus okyhAmRd"kZfud"k% & mRd"kZ L; fudFk%] mRd"kZdh dlkSVhAlIryksoSQdohjL; & lIryksosQ"kq ,dohjL;] lkrksayksdksaesa,dek=k ohj dkAn'kd.BoqQyf}"k% & n'kd.BL; oq Qya}sf"V bfr n'kd.BoqQyf}V~&rL;A jko.k

osQ oqQy osQ }s"khA

lUnhiukU;{kjkf.k & lUnhiukfu $ v{kjkf.kA ;s v{kj (dFku) cM+s kskksRikndgSaA

yks"BS% &


49/133

34 'kk'orh

foLiQkfjr'kjkluk% & foLiQkfjrkfu 'kjklukfu ;SLrsA cgqozhfg leklA kuq"kksadks rkus gq,A

gfj.kIyqrS% & gfj.kkuka IyqrSfjo IyqrS%A gfj.kksa dh Hkkfr owQnrsgq,A

iyk;kegs & Hkkx tk, A ijk $ v;~/krq$ yV~$ mke iq#"kcgqopu milxZL;k;rks ls ijk osQ j~dks y~] HkkxpyasA

foLiqQjfUr & fo $ Liq Qj~$ yV~$ izFke iq#"k cgqopu] ped

jgs gSaAvkjksi;fr & (/uq"k) p


50/133

ckydkSrqde~ 35

(N) fuiq.ka fu:I;ek.k% yo% eq[kpUnzs.k lhr;k laonR;soA

3- fgUnhHkk"k;k lizlO;k[;ka oqQ#r&

(d) loZ{k=kifjHkkoh egku~ mRd"kZfud"k%A

([k) d O;k[;kuSozZtfr l iqunwZjessfg ;ke%A

(x) lq yHklkS[;fenkuha ckyRoa HkofrA

(?k) >fVfr oqQ#rs n`"V% dks;a n`'kksje`rktue~\

4- vkksfyf[krkfu dFkukfu d% oaQ izfr dFk;fr&

d% oaQ izfr

(d) vfLr rs ekrk\ Lejfl ok rkre~\ ----------------------------------------------

([k) fn"V~;k u osQoyeqRl% euksjFkksfi es iwfjr%A ----------------------------------------------

(x) oRlk;k'p j?kw}gL; p f'k'kkofLefHkO;T;rsA ----------------------------------------------

(?k) lks;e/qukLekfHk% Lo;a izR;{khr%A ----------------------------------------------

() brksU;rks HkwRok isz{kkegs rkoRiyk;ekua nh?kkZ;q"ke~A----------------------------------------------

(p) f/o~Q piy! fdeqDrokuflA ----------------------------------------------

5- v/ksfyf[krokD;kuka fjDrLFkkukfu funsZ'kkuqlkja iwj;r&

(d) d ,"k ----------------------- jkeHknzL; eqX/yfyrSjXSnkZjdksLekoaQ ykspus ----------------------- (f;kinsu)

([k) ,"k ----------------------- es lEeksgufLFkjefi eu% gjfrA (drZ`insu)

(x) -----------------------! brksfi rkonsfg! (lEcks/usu)

(?k) ^v'oks'o* ----------------------- uke i'kqlekEuk;s lkaxzkfeosQ p iB~;rsA (vO;;su)


51/133

36 'kk'orh

() ;q"ekfHkjfi rRdk.Ma ----------------------- ,o fgA (nUrinsu)

(p) ,"k oks yoL; ----------------------- iz.kkei;kZ;% (dj.kinsu)

6- v/% leLrinkukafoxzgk% nkk%A mngkj.keuql`R; leLrinkfu jp;r] leklukekfip fy[krA

mnkgj.ke~& i'kwuka lekEuk;%] rfLeu~ i'kqlekEuk;s&"k"Bh rRiq#"k%

(d) fou;su f'kf'kj% ----------------------- -----------------------

([k) v;LdkUrL; 'kdy%----------------------- -----------------------

(x) nh?kkZxzhok ;L; l% ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) eq [ke~,o iq.Mjhde~ ----------------------- -----------------------

() iq.;% pklkS vuqHkko% ----------------------- -----------------------

(p) u L[kfyre~ ----------------------- -----------------------

7- v/ksfyf[krikfjHkkf"kd'kCnkukaleqfprkFksZu esyua oqQ#r&

(d) usiF;s (d) izdV:i esa([k) vkRexre~ ([k) ns[kdj

(x) izdk'ke~ (x) insZosQ ihNs

(?k) fu:I; (?k) vius eu esa

() mRlXs x`ghRok () izos'k djosQ

(p) izfo'; (p) vius eu esa

(N) lxoZe~ (N) xksn esafcBk dj

(t) Loxre~ (t) xoZ osQ lkFk

8- ikBekfJR; fgUnhHkk"k;k yoL; pkfjf=kdoSf'k"V~;a fy[kr&

9- vkksfyf[krs"kq 'yksosQ"kqNUnksfunsZ'k% f;rke~&

(d) efgEukesrfLeu~fou;f'kf'kjks ekSX;el`.kksA

([k) oRlk;k'p j?kw}gL; p f'k'kkofeLefHkO;T;rsA

(x) i'pkRiqPNaogfr foiqya rPp /quksR;te~A


52/133

ckydkSrqde~ 37

10- ikBekfJR; mRisz{kky~dkjL; mieky~dkjL; p mnkgj.kafy[kr&

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

(d) HkoHkwfr% laLrlkfgR;L; izeq[kks egkdfojklhr~A

^^dfookZDifrjktJhHkoHkwR;kfnlsfor%A

ftrks ;;kS ;'kksoekZrn~xq.kLrqfrofUnrke~AA** bfr dYg.kjfprjktrjf.khLFk'yksosQu ifjKk;rs

;n;e~v"Ve'krkCn~;kaorZekuL; dkU;oqQCts'ojL; ;'kksoeZ.k% lelkef;d vklhr~Avusu egkdfouk =khf.k ukVdkfu jfprkfu&

ekyrhekkoe~] egkohjpfjre~mkjjkepfjrapA

mkjjkepfjraHkoHkwrs% loksZR"Vk jpukLrhfr fo}Rleqnk;s b;eqfDr% izflk orZrs

^^mkjs jkepfjrs HkoHkwfrfoZf'k";rsA**

vL; ukVdL; dFkkoLrq jkek;.kkkkfjrefLrA v=k JhjkeL; jkT;kfHk"ksdkuUrjeqkja pfjraof.kZre~] iwoZpfjrUrqHkoHkwfrfojfprs egkohjpfjrs izfrikfnre~A vr ,o mkjajkeL; pfjra;fLeu~rr~mkjjkepfjre~A vFkok mkje~ mR"VajkeL; pfjra;fLeu~rr~mkjjkepfjre~bfr ukVdL; ukedj.kalehphuaorZrsA lhrkifjR;kxsuk=k jkeL;ksR"VjkT;keZikyuozrRoalwP;rsA

;|fi HkoHkwfr% d#.kjlL;kfHkO;Dr;s lfo'ks"ka iz'kL;rs] ijUrq izLrqrs ukV~;ka'ks okRlY;L;Hkko% eeZLi`'ka izdfVr%A rFkSo gkL;jlL;kfi #fpjk vfHkO;fDrj=k ltkrkA

([k) v'oesk% & v'oesk;K% izkphudkys jkT;foLrkjk; jk"V&le`;s p dj.kh;% ;K% vklhr~A

vfLeu~;Ks jkKkacyL; ijkeL; p ijh{kk Hkofr LeA ;KdrkZuì% Lojkf"V;izrhde'oap lSU;cyS% lg Hkwe.My&Hkze.kk; isz"k;fr LeA ;ks uì% LojkT;s lekxre'oa fuckZkaxUrqizkfn'kr~] l ;Kd=ksZjkKs djns;rkaLohdjksfr LeA ;% re'oe#.kr~l vk'oesfkd&uiL;kkhurkaukhdjksfr LeA rnk mHk;kscZy;kseZ;s ;qa Hkofr Le r=kSo p uìk.kkaijke% ijh{;rsLeA 'kriFkczk.ks jk"VkFksZiz;qDre~&

^jk"Va oS v'o%* bfrA

(x) ^ckydkSrqde~* bfrikBL; lkfHku;aukV~;iz;ksxaoqQ#rA

(?k) xq#oqQyijEijk;kackydkukars xq:u~izfr vfHkoknuL; dhn`'k% f'k"Vkpkj% v=k fpf=kr%bfr fu:I;rke~A rFkSo xqjo% dFke~vk'khoZpkafl v;PNu~bR;fi Ks;e~A

() okrkZykikFk laLrHkk"kk;k% lqpk#iz;ksxL; mnkgj.kkfu ikBkr~ vUos"VO;kfuA


53/133

prqFkZ% ikB%

deZxkSjoe~

izLrqr ikB] Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk osQ f}rh; ,oe~ r`rh; v;k;ksals lax`ghr gSA Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk og

fo'oizfl xzUFkjRu gS] fTklesaJh".k us fo"kknxzLr vtqZu dks dkZO; dk mins'k nsdj keZj{kkFkZ;q osQ fy, izsfjr fd;k FkkA dekasZesa oqQ'kyrk dks gh ;ksx crk;k x;k gSA vr% lHkh dksfu%laxHkko ls lnk loZfgr osQ dk;ksZa esa layXu jguk pkfg,A ;gh mifu"knksa dk Hkh lUns'kgS&oqQoZUUksosg dekZf.k ftthfo"ksPNra lek%A

cqf;qDrks tgkrhg mHks lqrnq"rsA

rLek|k sxk; ;qT;Lo ;k sx% deZlq dkS'kye~ AA1AA

fu;ra oqQjQ deZ Roa deZ T;k;ks deZ.k%A

'kjhj;k=kkfi p rs u izfln~; sndeZ.k% AA2AA


54/133

deZxkSjoe~ 39

u deZ.kkeukjEHkkUuS"dE;Ze~ iqjQ"kks'uqrsA

u p lUU;luknso flfa lef/xPNfr AA3AA

u fg df'pR{k.kefi tkrq fr"BR;deZr~A

dk;Zr s o'k% deZ loZ% izfrtSxqZ.kS% AA4AA

rLeknlDr% lrra dk; deZ lekpjA

vlDrks kpjUdeZ ijekIuksfr iwjQ"k% AA5AAdeZ.kSo fg laflfekfLFkrk tudkn;%A

yksdlaxzgesokfi lai';UdrqZegZfl AA6AA

;|nkpjfr Js"BLrknsosrjks tu%A

l ;Rizek.ka oqQjQrs yksdLrnuqorZrs AA7AA

u cqfHksna tu;snKkuka deZlfuke~Atks"k;sRloZdekZf.k fo}kU;qDr% lekpju~AA8AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

tgkrhg & tgkfr $ bg] gk /krq $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] ;gk]

(bl yksd esa) R;kx nsrk gSAlqrnq"rs & lqrap nq"rap] }U} lekl] iq.; vkSj ikiA

;qT;Lo & ;qt~/krq(vkReusin) $ yksV~$ e;e iq#"k ,dopu] iz;RudjksA

vkfLFkrk% & vkM+ $ LFkk /krq $ Dr] izFke iq#"k cgqopu] izkIr gq, FksA

yksdlaxzgesokfi & yksdlaxzge~$ ,o $ vfi] yksdlaxzg dks HkhA

vgZfl & vgZ ~/krq$ yV~$ e;e iq#"k ,dopu] ;ksX; gksA


55/133

40 'kk'orh

vkpjfr & vk~ $ pj~/krq $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] vkpj.kdjrk gSA

brj% & vU; yksx] lc yksxAvuqorZrs & vuq $ o`r~/krq $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] vuqlj.k

djrk gSA

u tu;sr~ & tu~ /krq$ f.kp~$ fof/fy~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] mRiUuughadjuk pkfg,A

deZlfuke~ & deZ es vklDr euq";kas dkA

tks"k;sr~ & tq"k~ /krq $ f.kp~] fof/fy~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] djokukpkfg,] yxuk pkfg,A

oqQ# & Mqk~ $ (ijLeSin) yksV~$ e;e iq#"k ,dopu] djksA

T;k;% & iz'kL; $ bZ;lqu~] uiaq $ izFke foHkfDr ,dopu] Js"B gSA

deZ.k% & fg $ vdeZ .k%] D;kasfd deZu djus lsA

'kjhj;k=kkfi & ykSfddO;ogkj% ('kjhj;k=kk $ vfi) 'kjhjfuokZg HkhA

izfln~;sndeZ.k%& izfln~;sr~$ vdeZ.k%]deZu djus ls fln~/ ughagksxkA

deZ.kkeukjEHkkUuS"dE;Ze~ & deZ .kke~$ vu~$ vkjEHkkr~$ uS"dE;Ze~] deksZadk vkjEHkfd;s fcuk fu"deZrk dksA

v'uqrs & v'k~ yV~izFke iq#"k ,dopu] izkIr djrk gSAlef/xPNfr & le~ $ vf/ $ xe~ /krq $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu]

izkIr djrk gSA

tkrq & (vO;;)] dHkhA

u fr"BR;deZr~ & fr"Bfr $ vdeZ r~] deZfd;s fcuk ughajgrkAlekpj & le~ $ vkM+ $ pj~ /krq $ yksV~ e;e iq#"k ,dopu]HkyhHkkfr djksA

vlDr% & lt~ /krq$ Dr lDr% u lDr% vlDr%] uk~rRiqjQ"k lekl]vuklDr gksdjA

vkpju~ & vk~ $ pj~$ 'kr`] izFkek ,dopu] djrk gqvkA

vkIuksfr vki~ /krq$ yV~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] izkIr djrk gSA


56/133

deZxkSjoe~ 41

vH;kl%1- laLrHkk"k;k mkjr&

(d) v;aikB% dLekr~ xzUFkkr~lfyr%\

([k) vdeZ.k% d T;k;%\

(x) tudkn;% osQu flfe~vkfLFkrk%\

(?k) yksd% de~ vuqorZrs\

() cqf;qDr% vfLeu~lalkjs osQ tgkfr\(p) osQ"kke~vukjEHkkr~ iq#"k% uS"dE; izkIuksfr\

2- fu;ra oqQ# deZ Roa ----- izfl~;sndeZ.k% vL; 'yksdL; vk'k;a fgUnhHkk"k;kLi"VhoqQ#rA

3- ^;|nkpjfr ----- yksdLrnuqorZrs* vL; 'yksdL; vUo;a fy[krA

4- v/ksfyf[krkuka 'kCnkuka foykseku~ ikBkr~ fpRok fy[kr&;Fkk& o'k% & vo'k%

(d) cqfghu% & ------------------

([k) nq"re~ & ------------------

(x) vdkS'kye~ & ------------------

(?k) U;wu% & ------------------

() deZ.k% & ------------------

(p) nqxZq.kS% & ------------------(N) dnkfpr~ & ------------------

(t) fu"V% & ------------------

5- vkksfy[krs"kq ins"kq lfUkfoPNsna oqQ#r&

tgkrhg] deZ.k%] 'kjhj;k=kkfi] iq#"kks'uqrs] fr"BR;deZr~] izfrtSxqZ.kS%] deZ.kSo]yksdLrnuqorZrs] tu;snKkuke~


57/133

42 'kk'orh

6- v/ksfyf[krfozQ;kinkuka ydkjiq#"kopufunsZ'ka oqQ#r&

tgkfr] ;qT;Lo] dqjQ] v'uqrs] lef/xPNfr] fr"Bfr] vkIuksfr] vuqorZrs] tu;sr~] tks"k;sr~A

7- vkksfy[krokD;s"kq js[kkfrinkuka foHkDrhuka funsZ'ka oqQ#r&

(d) ;ksx% deZlqdkS'kye~A

([k) thous fu;radeZ oqQ#A

(x) deZ.kk ,o tudkn;% laflfe~vkfLFkrk%A

(?k) vdeZ.k% deZ T;k;%A

() deZ.kke~vukjEHkkr~ iq#"k% uS"dE; u v'uqrsA

8- iznketw"kk;k% leqfprinkuka p;ua Rok vkksnk'kCnkuka izR;sdinL; =khf.klekukFkZdinkfu fy[kUrqA

vukjre~] euh"kk] xk=ke~] nq"deZ] izkK%] dyq"ke~] 'kseq"kh] vfojre~] dksfon%] dk;%] efr%]ikrde~] nsg%] euh"kh] vJkUre~

(d) fo}ku~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

([k) 'kjhje~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

(x) cq f% ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

(?k) lrre~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

() nq"re~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

9- deZ vkfJR; laLrHkk"kk;kaip okD;kfu fy[kr&10- ikBs iz;qDrL; NUnl% uke fy[kr&

11- tu% dhn`'kS% xq.kS% dk;djksfr\ v/ksfyf[kra'yksdek/`R; fy[kr&

u fg df'pR{k.kefi tkrq fr"BR;deZr~Adk;Zrs o'k% deZ loZ% izfrtSxqZ.kS%AA


58/133

deZxkSjoe~ 43

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%v/ksfyf[krkuka lwDrhuke;;ua Rok izLrqrikBsu HkkolkE;e~ vo/k&

(1) xPNu~ fiihydks ;kfr ;kstukuka 'krkU;fiA

vxPNUoSurs;ksfi inesoaQ u xPNfrAA

(2) m|esu fg fl;fUr dk;k Zf.k u euksjFkS%A

u fg lqIrL; lgL; izfo'kfUr eq[ks e`xk%AAiprU=ke~ @ fe=klEizkfIr & 129

(3) deZ.kk tk;rs lo] deSZo xfrlkkue~A

rLekr~ loZiz;Rusu] lkkq deZ lekpjsr~AA

fo".kqiqjk.k & 1@18@32

(4) pjUoS ekq foUnfr] pju~ LoknqeqnEcje~Alw;ZL; i'; Jsek.ka] ;ks u rUnz;rs pju~AA

,srjs; czk.k & 33-3-5

(5) tyfcUn qfuikr su e'k% iw;Zrs ?kV%A

l gsrq% loZfo|kuka /eZL; p /uL; pAA

pk.kD;uhfr & 12@22

(6) nq"djk.;fi dk;kZf.k] fl;fUr izks|esu oSAf'kykfi ruqrka ;kfr] izikrsuk.kZlks eqgq%AA

cqpfjre~ & 26@63

(7) oqQoZUusosg dekZf.k ftthfo"ksPNra lek%A

,oa Rof; ukU;FksrksfLr] u deZ fyI;rs ujsAA

;tqoZsn & 40@2 7


59/133

44 'kk'orh

vkksfufeZrrkfydka n`"V~ok leLrinS% lg foxzgku~ esy;r&

foxzgk%

(1) cq n~;k ;qDr% (r`rh;k rRiq#"k%)(2) u o'k% (uk~rRiq#"k% lekl)

(3) cq n~ks% Hksne~ ("k"Bh rRiq#"k% lekl)

(4) lokZ f.k dekZf.k (deZ/kj; lekl)

(5) deZ f.k jr% (lIreh rRiq#"k lekl)

(6) (v) u deZ .k% (uk~ rRiq#"k)

(c) u vkjEHkkr~(uk~ rRiq#"k)

v o 'k%2

l oZ d ekZ f.k4

cq

fn~

/

;q

o~Q

r%

1

cq

fn~

/

Hks

n

e~

3

yks

d

la

xz

g

e~

9v

ukj

e~

Hkk

r~

6d

eZiQ

y

gs

rq%

7

eZ

5

'kjh

j

;k

=kk

8

v p u~

11

v

Kk

uk

uk

e~

10

l

12

d eZ l f~ x uk e~

13

lq r nq "k~ rs

.k%

r%jr%


60/133

deZxkSjoe~ 45

(7) deZ iQyL; gsrq% ("k"Bh rRiq#"k lekl)

(8) 'kjhjL; ;k=kk ("k"Bh rRiq#"k lekl)

(9) yksdk; laxzge~(prqFkhZ rRiq#"k lekl)

(10) (v) u lDr% (uk~ rRiq#"k)

(c) u Kkukuke~(uk~ rRiq#"k)

(11) u pju~(uk~ rRiq#"k)

(12) deZlq lf~xuke~ (lIreh rRiq#"k)

(13) lqre~ n`"re~ p (}U} lekl)vkksfyf[krkn'kZokD;kfu lEclaLFkkfHk% ;kst;r&

vkn'kZokD;e~ laLFkk

(d) lR;eso t;rs jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~

([k) fo|;kere'uqrs HkkjrloZdkj%

(x) vlrks ek ln~xe; dfri;fo|ky;s"kq

(?k) lk fo|k ;k foeqDr;s osQUnzh;ek;kfed f'k{kk ifj"kn~() ;ksx% deZlqdkS'kye~ jk"Vh; v;kid f'k{kk ifj"kn~

(p) xq #% xq#reks /ke% Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok vdkneh] elwjh

(N) rRoaiw"kUuiko`.kq MkdrkjfoHkkx%

(t) vgfuZ'ka lsokegs osQUnzh; fo|ky; laxBu

(>) Je ,o t;rs HkkjrL; loksZPp U;k;ky;%

(k) ;rks /eZLrrks t;% Jeea =kky;%

Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk

Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk egkHkkjrL; Hkh"eioZf.k fo|rsA v=k lIr'kr'yksdk% v"Vkn'kk;k;s"kqmifuck%lfUrA ;qHkwekS fo"kknxzLrktqZuk; fu"dkedeZ.k% mins'ka iz;PNrk Hkxork Jh".ksu v=kKku&HkfDr&deZ.kkaleUo;% izLrqr%A


61/133

46 'kk'orh

iwoZofrZuks vusosQ euhf"k.k% thous mnkkxq.kkukafodklkFkxhrk'kkL=ks.k izsj.kkaizkIroUr%A rs"kqfo}RlqyksdekU;fryd%] egf"kZvjfoUn%] egkRekxkU/h] fouksckHkkos bR;kn;% izeq[kk% lfUrA ,rS%fo}f% xhrk'kkL=kL; LoHkkokfHkO;fDrLo:Ikk% O;k[;k% fofyf[krk%A xhrk'kkL=kL; Kku&HkfDr&deZ;ksxku~Lothous vorkj;Ur% mUurkn'kkZu~ mnkkthouewY;ku~,rs euhf"k.k% pfjrkFkZ;fUr LeA

Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk;k% osQpu vU;sfi 'yksdk mj.kh;k%A r|Fkk&

vukfJR; deZiQyadk;deZ djksfr% ;%A

l laU;klh p ;ksxh p u fujfXuuZ pkf;% AA6-1

lq[knq%[ks les Rok ykHkkykHkkS t;kt;kSA

rrks ;qk; ;qT;Lo uSoaikieokIL;fl AA2-38

;n`PNkykHklUrq"Vks }U}krhrks foeRlj%

le% flkoflkS p Rokfi u fuc;rs AA4-22

loZHkwrLFkekRekualoZHkwrkfu pkRefu

bZ{krs ;ksx;qDrkRek loZ=k len'kZu% AA6-29vusoSQ% dfofHk% xhrk;k% egoaizfrikfnre~A rUegoa;=k&r=k v;srO;e~A mnkgj.kkFkZe~&

eyfueksZpuaiqalkatyLukua fnus fnusA

lnhrkEHkfl Lukualalkjeyuk'kue~AA

v/ksfyf[krkuka inkukek';ksUos"VO;%&

yksdlaxzge~] uS"dE;Ze~] izfrt%] lUU;lue~


62/133

ipe% ikB%

'kqduklksins'k%

egkdfo ck.kHk^ laLr osQ lokZf/d izfrHkk'kkyh x|dkj gSaA bUgksaus dkU;oqQCt (dUukSt) osQ

jktk g"kZokZu osQ thou ij ^g"kZpfjr* fy[kk gSA g"kZoZu dk jkT;dky 606 bZ- ls 648 bZ-

rd jgkA vr% ck.kHk^ dk Hkh ;gh le; gksuk pkfg;sA budh nks jpuk,lqizfl gSa g"kZpfjr

vkSj dknEcjhA

g"kZpfjr ck.kHk^ dh izFke x| o`Qfr gSA Lo;a ck.kHk^ us bls vk[;kf;dk dgk gSA

dknEcjh laLo`Qr lkfgR; dk loksZRo`Q"V x| dkO; gSA ;g ^dFkk* Js.kh dk dkO; gSA

pUnzkihM&dknEcjh rFkk iq.Mjhd&egk osrk osQ iz.k; dk fp=k.k djus okyh dFkk ^dknEcjh*osQ nks Hkkx gSaA bldk dFkkud tfVy gksrs gq, Hkh euksje gSA blesadFkk dk izkjEHk jktk 'kwnzd

osQ o.kZu ls gksrk gSA 'kwnzd osQ ;gkpk.MkydU;k oS'kEik;u uked 'kqd dks ysdj igqprh gSA

'kqd lHkk esavkRe&okkUr lqukrk gSA bl xzUFk esarhu&rhu tUeksadh ?kVuk,xqfEiQr gSaA

izLrqr ikB ^dknEcjh* osQ 'kqduklksins'k uked x|ka'k ls fy;k x;k gSA bl va'k dk

uk;d jktoqQekj pUnzkihM gS] tks lRo] 'kkS;Z vkSj vktZo Hkkoksa ls ;qDr gSA 'kqdukl ,d

vuqHkoh eU=kh gSatks jktoqQekj pUnzkihM dks jkT;kfHk"ksd osQ iwoZokRlY;Hkko ls mins'k nsrs gSaA

os mls ;qokoLFkk esalqyHk :i] ;kSou] izHkqrk ,oa,s'o;Zls mwr nks"kksaosQ fo"k; esalko/ku

dj nsuk mfpr le>rs gSaA bls ;qokoLFkk esaizos'k dj jgs leLr ;qodksadks iznk ^nh{kkUr

Hkk"k.k* dgk tk ldrk gSA


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48 'kk'orh

,oa lefrkeRlq fnols"kq jktk pUnzkihML; ;kSojkT;kfHk"ksda fpdh"kZq%izrhgkjkuqidj.k& lEHkkjlaxzgkFkZekfnns'kA leqifLFkr;kSojkT;kfHk"ksdap radnkfpn~n'kZukFkZekxrek:


64/133

'kqduklksins'k% 49

Hkokn`'kk ,o HkofUr HkktukU;qins'kkuke~A vixreys fg eufl fo'kfUrlq[ksuksins'kxq.kk%A gjfr vfrefyuefi nks"ktkra xq:ins'k% xq:ins'k'p ukevf[kyeyiz{kkyu{kee~vtyaLukue~A fo'ks"ks.k rqjkKke~A fojyk fg rs"kkeqins"Vkj%A

jktopueuqxPNfr tuks Hk;kr~A mifn';ekuefi rs u k.ofUrA vo/hj;Ur%[ksn;fUr fgrksins'knkf;uks xq:u~A

vkyksd;rqrkor~dY;k.kkfHkfuos'kh y{eheso izFkee~A u soafokeifjfprfegtxfr fdfpnfLr ;Fks;euk;kZA yC/kfi [kyqnq%[ksu ifjikY;rsA ifjikfyrkfi

iziyk;rsA u ifjp;aj{kfrA ukfHktueh{krsA u :iekyksd;rsA u dqyeeuqorZrsAu 'khya i';frA u oSnX;a x.k;frA u Jqrekd.kZ;frA u /eZeuqjQ;rsA uR;kxekfnz;rsA u fo'ks"kKrkafopkj;frA ukpkjaiky;frA u lR;eocq;rsA i';r,o u';frA ljLorhifjx`ghra ukfyfr tue~A xq.koUra u Li`'kfrA lqtua ui';frA 'kwjad.Vdfeo ifjgjfrA nkrkjanq%LoIufeo u LejfrA fouhrauksiliZfrAr`".kka lao/Z;frA yf?kekuekikn;frA ,oafok;kfi pku;k dFkefi nSoo'ksuifjxghrk% foDyok% HkofUr jktku%] lokZfou;kfk"Bkurkap xPNfUrA

vijs rqLokFkZfu"iknuijS% nks"kkufi xq.ki{ke;kjksi;f% izrkj.koqQ'kySkwZkSZ%izrk;Zek.kk fokenekfpkk loZtuksigkL;rkeqi;kfUrA u eku;fUr ekU;ku~]tjkoSDyO;izyfirfefr i';fUr o`ksins'ke~A oqQI;fUr fgrokfnusA loZFkkrefHkuUnfUr] ralao/Z;fUr] rL; opua k`.ofUr] racgqeU;Urs ;ksgfuZ'ke~vuojrafoxrkU;dkZO;% LrkSfr] ;ks ok ekgkRE;eqko;frA

rnfroqQfVyps"VknkjQ.ks jkT;rU=ks] vfLeu~egkeksgdkfjf.k p ;kSous oqQekj!

rFkk iz;rsFkk% ;Fkk uksigL;ls tuS%] u fuU|ls lk/qfHk%] u fkfD;ls xqjQfHk%]uksikyH;ls lqf%] u oP;ls /wrSZ%] u foMEC;ls y{E;k] ukf{kI;ls fo"k;S%]ukif;ls lq[ksuA

bneso p iqu% iqujfHk/h;ls&fo}kalefi lpsrlefi] egkloefi]vfHktkrefi] /hjefi] iz;RuoUrefi iq#"kanqfoZuhrk [kyhdjksfr y{ehfjR;srk&

onfHk/k;ksi'k'kkeA


65/133

50 'kk'orh

pUnzkihMLrkfHkjQins'kokfXHk% iz{kkfyr bo] mUehfyr bo] LoPNho`Qr bo]ifo=kho`Qr bo] mkflr bo] izhrn;ks LoHkouektxkeA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

fpdh"kqZ% djus dh bPNkokyk] drZqfePNq%] $ lu~ $ m $ izFkekfoHkfDr ,dopuA

fou; fof'k"V u; (uhfr)izrhgkjku~ }kjikyksa dks

midj.klEHkkjlaxzgkFkZe~ vko';d lkexzh&lewg osQ laxzg osQ fy,] mif;Urs ,fHk%bfr midj.kkfu] midj.kkuke~lEHkkj% midj.klEHkkj% ("k"BhrRiq#"k) midj.klEHkkjL; laxzgkFkZe~A mi $ $ Y;qV~midj.ke~] lEHkkj% le~$ Hk` $ ?kk~A

fulxZr% LokHkkfod :i lsA

vifj.kkeksi'ke% on~kkoLFkk esa Hkh u 'kkUr gksus okykA ifj.kkes mi'ke%ifj.kkeksi'ke%A u ifj.kkeksi'ke% vifj.kkeksi'ke% (uk~rRiq#"k)A

fofnrosfnrO;L; fofnre~ osfnrO;e~;su vlkS fofnrosfnrO;% rL; (cgqozhfg)]fon~$ kQ fofnre~] fon~$ rO;r~ osfnrO;e~A

xHksZ'ojRoe~ tUe ls izkIr izHkqRoA xHkZr% ,o bZ'oj% xHksZ'oj% rL;Hkko% xHksZ'ojRoe~A

Hkokn'kk vki tSls gh] Hkor~$ n`'k~$ fi~] izFkek foHkfDrA

vixreys nks"kjfgr gksus ij] vixr% ey% ;Lekr~rr~vixreye~rfLeu~vixreys (ipeh rRiq#"k)

mins"Vkj% mins'k nsus okys] mi $ fn'k~$ r`p~izFkek foHkfDr cgqopuA

vo/hj;Ur% frjLr djrs gq,] vo $ /hj $ f.kp~$ 'kr` izFkek foHkfDrcgqopuA

dY;k.kkfHkfuos'kh ey osQ vfHkyk"kh] dY;k.ks vfHkfuos"Vqa 'khya ;L; lcgqczhfgA


66/133

'kqduklksins'k% 51

ifjikY;rs j[kh tk ldrh gS] ifj $ iky $ deZf.k ;o~Q yV~ydkjizFke iq#"k ,dopuA

iziyk;rss Hkkx tkrh gSA

oSnX;e~ ikf.MR; dks] fonX/L; Hkkoks oSnX;e~] fonX/ $ ";k~A

vuq#;rs vuq jks/ djrh gS] vuq $ #/~$ yV~] izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

vocq;rs tku tkrh gSA

uksiliZfr lehi ugha tkrh] ik'osZ u xPNfrA

laokZ;fr c


67/133

52 'kk'orh

iz{kkfyr bo iw.kZ r;k /ks;s gq,A iz $ {kky $ kQ] izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

vgfuZ'ke~ fnu&jkrA

mn~Hkko;fr izdV djrk gSA mn~ $ Hkw $ f.kp~ $ yV~] izFke iq#"k,dopuA

uksikyH;ls mykguk u fn;s tkvksA

uksigL;ls tuS% yksxksaosQ }kjk migkl osQ ik=k u cuks] mi $ gl~ $ ;o~Q$ yV~] e;e iq#"k ,dopu] ;gk ^migL;ls* f;k esa

deZf.k ;o~Q izR;; gqvk gSA vr% ^tuk%* dkkZ osQ vuqkQgksus ls vuqkQ dkkZ^drZdeZ.kksLr`rh;k* ls r`rh;k foHkfDr gksx;h gSA

vH;kl%

1- la Lrsu mkja nh;rke~&

(d) y{ehen% dhn`'k%\([k) pUnzkihMa d% mifn'kfr\

(x) vuFkZijEijk;k% d dkj.ke~\

(?k) dhn`'ks eufl mins'kxq.kk% izfo'kfUr\

() yC/kfi nq%[ksu dk ifjikY;rs\

(p) osQ"kke~ mins"Vkj% fojyk% lfUr\

(N) y{E;k ifjx`ghrk% jktku% dhn`'kk% HkofUr\

(t) o`n~/ksins'ka rs jktku% fdfefr i';fUr\

2- fo'ks"k.kkfu fo'ks";S% lg ;kst;r&

fo'ks"k.ke~ fo'ks";e~

(d) lefrkeRlq rs

([k) v/hr'kkL=kL; fo}kale~

(x) nk#.kks fnols"kq


68/133

'kqduklksins'k% 53

(?k) xguare% nks"ktkre~

() vfrefyue~ y{ehen%

(p) lpsrle~ ;kSouizHkoe~

3- v/ksfyf[krinkfu Lojfpr&laLr&okD;s"kq iz;q~oe~&

laxzgkFkZe~] leqifLFkre~] fou;e~] ifj.ke;fr] k`.ofUr] Li`'kfrA

4- v/ksfyf[krkukainkuka lfU/&foPNsna oqQ#r&

(d) ,okfrxgue~ -------------- $ --------------([k) xHksZ'ojRoe~ -------------- $ --------------

(x) xq :ins'k% -------------- $ --------------

(?k) soe~ -------------- $ --------------

() ukfHktue~ -------------- $ --------------

(p) uksiliZfr -------------- $ --------------

5- izfr&izR;;foHkkx% f;rke~&'kCn% izfr% izR;;%

(d) fpdh"kqZ% -------------- --------------

([k) mins"VO;e~ -------------- --------------

(x) bZ{krs -------------- --------------

(?k) cq;rs -------------- --------------

() fuU|ls-------------- --------------

(p) mi'k'kke -------------- --------------

6- leklfoxzga oqQ#r&

(d) vekuq"k'kfDrRoe~ & ------------------------------

([k) vR;kl% & ------------------------------

(x) vuk;kZ & ------------------------------


69/133

54 'kk'orh

(?k) LokFkZfu"iknuijS% & ------------------------------

() vgfuZ'ke~ & ------------------------------

(p) o`n~/ksins'ke~ & ------------------------------

7- fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) y{eh% ---------------- u j{kfrA

([k) ---------------- nq%LoIufeo u LejfrA

(x) ljLorhifjxghra ---------------- A

(?k) mifn';ekuefi ---------------- u k`.ofUrA

() vo/hj;Ur% ---------------- fgrksins'knkf;uks xq:u~A

(p) rFkk iz;rsFkk% ---------------- uksigL;ls tuS%A

(N) pUnzkihM% izhrn;ks ---------------- vktxkeA

8- lizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k dk;kZ&

(d) xHksZ'ojRofHkuo;kSouRoeizfre:iRoeekuq"k'kfDrRopsfr egrh;a [kYouFkZijEijkA([k) gjfr vfrefyuefi nks"ktkra xq:ins'k%A

(x) fo}kalefi lpsrlefi] egkloefi] vfHktkrefi] /hjefi] iz;RuoUrefi iq#"kanqfoZuhrk [kyhdjksfr y{ehfjfrA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

^mi* milxZiwoZdkr~vfrltZukFkZdkr~ fn'k~* /krks% ^?kk~* izR;;s mins'k'kCn% fu"i|rsA leqfprdk;sZ"kqfe=ka] cU/qa] vkfJrtua] fo|kfFkZuaok lUekxsZizorZf;rqa osQufpr~fgrfpUrosQu lqn~ojs.k Kkfuuk oknh;eku% ijke'kZ% ekxZfunsZ'k% fgropua ok ^mins'k* bfr mP;rsA laLrok~e;s yksdizcks/dkfulnkpkjizfrikndkfu p lw=kkf.k ukuk&xzUFks"kq] dkO;s"kqlqHkkf"krs"kqp leqiyH;UrsA rkfu mins'klw=kkf.kckydku~] ;qodku~] izkS


70/133

'kqduklksins'k% 55

rFkkfg&,s'o;] ;kSoua] lkSUn;] 'kfDr'psfr izR;soaQ vuFkZdkj.kfefr eok pUnzkihMe~ mins"VqaizkUr% 'kqdukl%A ;|fi pUnzkihM% fouhr% x`ghrfo|'p rFkkfi ,s'o;kZfnfHk% vL; eu%[kyhra u Hkosr~ bfr f/;k 'kqdukl% pUnzkihMe~ mifn'kfrA vr% mins'kks;a u osQoyapUnzkihMa izfr vfirq rUek;esu losZ"kka tukuka rsfiA

iprU=ksfi ;=k&r=k bZn`'k ,o n;e% mins'k% izkI;rsA ;kSoukfndkj.kS% lEHkkO;ekueuFkiprU=ke~ ,oeqfYy[kfr&

;kSoua /ulEifk% izHkqRoefoosfdrkA

,oSQdeI;uFkkZ; fdeq ;=k prq"V;e~AA

egkHkkjrL; m|ksxioZ.k% Hkkxs fonqjuhrkS vfi ,oefHkfgrefLr&

v"VkS xq.kk% iq#"ka nhi;fUrizKk p dkSY;ap ne% JqrapAijke'pkcgqHkkf"krk pnkua;Fkk'kfDr rKrk pAAu ksf/uksFkksZ u u`'kalfe=ka

ozwQjL; u L=kh lqf[kuks u fo|kAu dkfeuks hjylL; u Jh%lorqu L;knuofLFkrL;AA

vU;=kkfi fgrksins'k&uhfr'krdknkS p ,oeqifn"Ve~vfLrA r=k&r=kkfi ;ksX;rk foLrjkFkZeo';aiBuh;e~A

1- ck.kHk ^L; jhfr% ikpkyh jhfrfjfr dF;rsA rL;k% y{k.ke~ ^^'kCnkFkZ;ks% leks xqEiQ%ikpkyhjhfrfj";rs**A

2- ck.kHk ^L; x|s ;k y;kRedrk orZrs] ikBiqjLljarL;k% lUkkuadk;Ze~Ack.kfo"k;dlwDr;% iz'kLr;'p

1- ck.kksfPN"VatxRloZe~A

2- osQoyksfi LiqQju~ck.k% djksfr foenku~ dohu~Ad iqu% Dy`IrlU/ku% iqfyUnrlff/%AA (/uiky&frydetjh)

3- lq cU/qckZ.kHk^ p dfojkt bfr=k;%A

oksfkQekxZfuiq.kk prqFkksZ fo|rs u okAA (e~[kd&Jhd.Bpfjr)


71/133

56 'kk'orh

4- ys"ks osQpu 'kCnxqEiQfo"k;s osQfpnzls pkijs&ykjs dfrfpRlnFkZfo"k;s pkU;s dFkko.kZusAvk% loZ=k xHkhj/hjdforkfoU;kVoh pkrqjh&lpkjh dfooqQfEHkoqQEHkfHknqjka ck.kLrqipkuu%AA (pUnznso&'kkZ/jin~/fr)

5- 'kCnkFkZ;ks% leks xqEiQ% ikpkyhjhfrfj";rsA'khykHk^kfjdkokfp ck.kksfkQ"kqp lk ;fnAA (jkt'ks[kj&tYg.k&lwfDreqDrkoyh)

6- #fpjLojo.kZink jlHkkorh txUeuks gjfrA

lk d r#.kh\ ufg ufg ok.kh ck.kL; e/qj'khyL;AA (/eZnkl&fonX/eq[ke.Mu)7- ck.k% dohukfeg porhZ pdkfLr ;L;ksTToyo.kZ'kksHke~A

,dkri=ka Hkqfo iq.;Hkwfeoa'kkJ;ag"kZpfj=kesoAA (lksM~


72/133

"k"B% ikB%

lwfkQlqkk

laLr lkfgR; esalwfDr;ksadk le` Hk.Mkj gSA lwfDr dk vFkZgS lqUnj opu] lqkk dk vFkZ

gS ve`r] lwfDrlqkk dk vFkZ gS lqUnj opu :ih ve`rA bl ikB esa if.Mrjkt txkFk]egkdfo ek?k] Hkkjfo] izfl ukVddkj HkoHkwfr rFkk egkdfo HkrZ`gfj dh lwfDr;kladfyr gSaA;s lwfDr;kvkt Hkh gekjs thou osQ fy, cgqewY;] mi;ksxh ,oaiFkizn'kZd gSaA fofHkUu fo"k;ksals lEc lwfDr;kfuf'pr :i ls Nk=kksaosQ fy, mi;ksxh fl gksaxhA

izLrqr ikB osQ izFke] f}rh; ,oa r`rh; 'yksd osQ jpf;rk if.Mrjkt txkFk] prqFkZ'yksd osQ egkdfo ek?k] iape 'yksd osQ HkoHkwfr] "k"B 'yksd osQ egkdfo Hkkjfo ,oa lIre]v"Ve] uoe] n'ke] ,dkn'k o }kn'k 'yksdksaosQ jpf;rk HkrZ`gfj gSaA

vfLr ;|fi loZ=k uhja uhjt&jkftre~Ajers u ejkyL; ekula ekula fouk AA1AA

uhj{khjfoososQ galkyL;a Roeso ruq"k s psr~A

fo'ofLe/qukU;% oqQyozra ikyf;";fr d% AA2AA

rkor~dksfdy fojlku~;ki; fnolku~oukUrjs fuolu~A

;kofUeynfyeky% dksfi jlky% leqYylfr AA3AA

ukyEcrs nSf"Vdrka u fu"khnfr ikSjQ"ksA

'kCnkFkk SZ lRdfofjo };a fo}kuis{krs AA4AA

u fdfpnfi oqQokZ.k% lkS[;Snq Z%[kkU;iksgfrA

rkL; fdefi nzO;a ;ks fg ;L; fiz;ks tu%AA5AA


73/133

58 'kk'orh

lglk fon/hr u f;kefoosd% ijekinka ine~A

o`.krs fg foe`';dkfj.ka xq.kyqC/k% Lo;eso lEin%AA6AA

Lok;kesdkUrxq.ka fo/k=kk fofufeZra NknueKrk;k%A

fo'ks"kr% loZfonka lekts foHkw"k.ka ekSueif.Mrkuke~AA7AA

foifn /S;ZeFkkH;qn;s {kek lnfl okDiVqrk ;qf/ foe%A;'kfl pkfHk#fpO;ZluaJqrkS izo`Qfrflfenafg egkReuke~AA8AA

ikikfokj;fr ;kst;rs fgrk;]

xqa fuxwgfr xq.kku~ izdVhdjksfrA

vkin~xra p u tgkfr nnkfr dkys]

lfUe=ky{k.kfena izonfUr lUr% AA9AA

eufl opfl dk;s iq.;ih;w"kiw.kkZ&

fL=kHkqoueqidkjJsf.kfHk% izh.k;Ur%A

ijxq.kijek.kwu~ ioZrho`QR; fuR;a]

futfn fodlUr% lfUr lUr% fd;Ur% AA10AA

osQ;wjkf.k u Hkw"k;fUr iqjQ"ka gkjk u pUnzksTToyk%]

u Lukua u foysiua u oqQlqea ukyao`Qrk ew/Ztk%A

ok.;sdk leyjksfr iqjQ"ka ;k laLo`Qrk /k;Zrs]

{kh;Urs [kyq Hkw"k.kkfu lrra okXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ke~AA 11AA


74/133

lwfkQlqkk 59

;koRLoLFkfena dysojx`ga ;koPp nwjs tjk]

;koPpsfUnz;'kfDrjizfrgrk ;koR{k;ks uk;q"k%A

vkReJs;fl rkonso fonq"kk dk;Z% iz;Ruks egku~]

izkshIrs Hkous p owQi[kuuaizR;q|e% dhn`'k% AA12AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

uhjtjkftre~ dey'kksfHkre~ deyksals lq'kksfHkr

ejkyL; galL; gal dk

ekule~ eu% ekuljksoja p eu ,oaekuljksojruq"ks (ru~ $ vkReus- foLrkj;fl foLr`r dj jgs gksyV~] e;e iq#"k ,dopu)fojlku~ jljfgrku~ jljfgr ('kq"d)

;ki; O;rhraoqQ# O;rhr djksfuolu~(fu $ ol~ $ 'kr) okla oqQoZu~ fuokl djrs gq,

jlky% vkezikni% vke dk o{k

nSf"Vdrka HkkX;Roa HkkX;Ro dks

fu"khnfr voyEcrs vkJ; ysrk gSA

oqQokZ.k% ( $ 'kkup~) oqQoZ u~ djrs gq,

lkS[;S% lq[kiwoZoSQ% lq[kksaosQ }kjk

viksgfr nwjhdjksfr nwj djrk gSfon/hr oqQohZr djks(fo milxZ$ Mq/kk~(/k) fof/fy~] izFke iq#"k ,dopu)

o`.krs oj.kaoqQoZfUr oj.k djrh gSafoe`';dkfj.ke~ fofpUR;dkfj.ke~ fopkj dj dk;Zdjus okys

dks


75/133

60 'kk'orh

Lok;ke~ futk/hua Lo;aosQ v/hufo/k=kk cz.kk czk osQ }kjkNknue~ vkoj.ke~ vkoj.k loZfonke~ loZKkuke~ loZKksa osQ

vH;qn;s mUurkS mUufr esa

(vfHk $ mn;s] ;.k~ lfU/)

lnfl lHkk;ke~ lHkk esa

(lnl~'kCn uiqa- lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu)okDiVqrk okfp iVqrk ok.kh esaoqQ'kyrk

;qf/ ;qs ;q esa

fuxwgfr vkPNkn;fr fNikrk gStgkfr R;tfr NksM+ nsrk gSopfl okfp ok.kh esa

(opl~lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu)

izh.k;Ur% izlUua oqQoZUr% izlUu djrs gq,ijxq.kijek.kwu~ vU;s"kke~vfrlw{eku~xq.kku~ nwljksaosQ vfr lw{e xq.kksadks

ioZrhR; fo'kkyrkauhRok c


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lwfkQlqkk 61

vH;kl%1- la LrHkk"k;k iz'ukskjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) loZ=k dhn`'ka uhje~ vfLr\

([k) ejkyL; ekulaoaQ fouk u jersA

(x) fo}ku~ de~vis{krs\

(?k) lRdfo% dkS }kS vis{krs\() ;% ;L; fiz;% l% rL; rs d Hkofr\

(p) lglk d u fon/hr\

(N) fo/k=kk d fofufeZre~\

(t) vif.MrkukafoHkw"k.kafde~\

(>) egkReukaizfrflad Hkofr\

(k) ikikr~d% fuokj;fr\(V) lUr% dku~ioZrhoqQoZfUr\

(B) dhn`'kaHkw"k.kau {kh;rs\

(M) owQi[kuuadnk u mfpre~\

2- vkksfyf[kri|ka'kkukalizlafgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k fo/s;k&

(d) o`.krs fg foe`';dkfj.kaxq.kyqCkk% Lo;eso lEin%A

([k) {kh;Urs [kyqHkw"k.kkfu lrra okXHkw"k.kaHkw"k.ke~A

(x) izkshIrs Hkous p owQi[kuuaizR;q|e% dhn`'k%A

3- fjDrLFkkuiwfrZ% dj.kh;k&

(d) lRdfofjo fo}ku~'kCnkFkkSZ--------------- vis{krsA

([k) lUr% --------------- izonfUrA


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62 'kk'orh

4- fuEufyf[kr'yksd;ks% vUo;a fy[kr&

;Fkk& ;|fi uhjt&jkftrauhja loZ=k vfLrA (ija) ejkyL; ekulaekula fouk u jersA

(d) uhj{khjfoososQ --------------- A

([k) foifn kS;ZeFkkH;qn;s --------------- A

5- fuEufyf[kr'kCnkuke~vFk fyf[kRok okD;iz;ksxa oqQ#r&

uhjte~] jlky%] ikS#"k%] foe`';dkfj.k%] tjkA

6- fuEufyf[kr'kCnkukalkFkZoaQ esyua f;rke~&(d) ejkyL; (i) vkJ;rs

([k) voyEcrs (ii) cz.kk

(x) v/quk (iii) fo'knhR;

(?k) fo/k=kk (iv) galL;

() ioZrhR; (v) lkEizre~

(p) uhjta (vi

) vkez%(N) jlky% (vii) foHkwr;

Documents

Class12 Sanskrit Textbook2