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Class Amphibia
Class Reptilia
What characteristic of the reptile allows it to be successful on land?
The Amniotic Egg
Encloses the yolk
A fat-rich food supply
Contains proteins and water needed by embryo
Stores nitrogenous wastes produced by embryo Surrounds all
membranes and cushions developing embryo
Thin membrane enclosing the fluid in which embryo floats
Provides protection from damage and evaporation of water from egg Chick Factory
Developing Chick
CLASSIFICATION OF REPTILES
Classification of Reptiles
Over 5,000 species divided into 4 different orders.
Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins
7 main families:Family
Chelydridae: Includes snapping
turtles Large shell and can
weigh up to 200 lb; carapace is rough with bumpy keels; long tail; powerful jaws.
snapping turtleChelydra serpentina
Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins
Family Kinosternidae:
Includes mud and musk turtles.
Exude smelly excretions from musk glands; have short tails and long necks; bite.
American mud turtlesKinosternon
common musk turtleSternotherus odoratu
Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins
Family Emydidae: Largest turtle family;
includes box turtles, sliders, painted turtles, and terrapins, which inhabit both fresh and brackish waters.
painted terrapinCallagur borneoensis
painted turtleChrysemys picta
Red-eared slider
Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins
Family Testudinidae
The tortoises. Have high,
rounded carapace and heavily-scaled front legs.
red-footed tortoiseGeochelone carbonaria
Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins
Family Cheloniidae and Dermochelyidae:
The sea turtles. Limbs modified as
flippers; numbers of all species are in decline because of over-hunting and the collecting of their eggs.
Chelonia mydasgreen sea turtle
leatherback turtleDermochelys coriacea
Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins
Family Trionychidae:
The soft-shelled turtles.
Have a soft, leathery shell; often lie buried in the same with only their eyes and snout exposed.
spiny softshell turtleApalone spinifera
Order Squamata: lizards and snakes
Divided into two different suborders:Suborder Lacertilia – the lizardsSuborder Serpentes – the
snakes
Suborder Lacertilia is composed of 9 main families:
Family Gekkonidae
Gecko lizards Large family of
lizards; have tiny suction cups on the pads of their feet; the only lizards that can utter special calls.
common leopard geckoEublepharis macularius
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Chamaeleontidae:
Chameleons High body, flattened from
side to side; slow-moving; each eye can swivel independently of the other; can change color in response to changes in light, temperature, or emotional state.
Elliot's chameleon (Chamaeleo ellioti)
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Iguanidae:
Includes iguanas and anoles
Iguanas are herbivores; anoles are carnivores
Common iguana (Iguana iguana)
Banded tree anole (Anolis transversalis)
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Teiidae: Whiptailed
lizards. Have long, rough
tails; very active.
desert grassland whiptailCnemidophorus uniparens
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Helodermatidae:
The beaded lizards, including the Mexican beaded lizards and the gila monster – the only venomous lizards in the world.
Mexican beaded lizardHeloderma horridum
gila monsterHeloderma suspectum
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Scincidae:
The skinks. Have smooth
scales and small limbs or no limbs at all.
five-lined skinkEumeces fasciatus
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Anguidae: Glass lizards and
alligator lizards. Have scales
reinforced by bony plates; glass lizards are legless and shed their long tail, which fractures into several pieces.
Arizona alligator lizardElgaria kingii
glass lizardOphisaurus attenuatus
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Amphisbaenidae:
Worm lizards Found in the dry,
sandy parts of Florida; look like earthworms with scales.
Amphisbaena (Leposternon polystegum)
Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards
Family Varanidae: The monitor
lizards, including the Komodo dragon.
The largest lizards alive.
Bengal monitorVaranus bengalensis
Komodo Island monitorVaranus komodoensis
Suborder Serpentes – the snakes
Family Leptotyphlopidae:
Small, slender, blind snakes; eat mostly termites and ants.
Texas slender blind snakeLeptotyphlops dulcis
Suborder Serpentes – the snakes
Family Colubridae: Largest family of snakes (75% of all
snakes); includes garter snakes, green (vine) snakes, rat snakes and kingsnakes.
common garter snake
green vine snake
rat snake
Suborder Serpentes – the snakes
Family Pythonidae: The pythons
Carpet python
ball python
Suborder Serpentes – the snakes
Family Boidae:
The boas.
yellow anaconda
boa constrictorBoa constrictor
Suborder Serpentes – the snakes
Family Elapidae: Includes sea snakes, coral snakes,
cobras, mambas, and tiger snakes. Have a neurotoxin venom.
Black mambascarlet king vs. coral
scarlet king vs. coral
Suborder Serpentes – the snakes
Family Vivperidae: Includes copperheads, cottonmouths (water
moccasins), and 31 species of rattlesnakes. Have fangs and a deep facial pit between the
eye and nostril that can detect heat and a hemotoxin venom.
Cottonmouths black-tailed rattlesnake
What are some of the structures of the Egg and their function?