Chivalry & Chivalry & Coat of Coat of ArmsArms

I.I. Knights/NoblesKnights/Nobles – – fought with each fought with each other for control of other for control of landland

1. 1. ChivalryChivalry – – began around began around 1100. Code 1100. Code of behavior of behavior for for knights/nobleknights/nobles which s which stressed stressed loyaltyloyalty, , braverybravery and and couragecourage

Similar to Bushido

A. Noble boys would A. Noble boys would begin training to begin training to become a knight at become a knight at a very early age:a very early age:

Age 7 = PageAge 7 = Page

Age 14 = SquireAge 14 = Squire

Age 21 Age 21

= = KnightKnight

Knights – pgs. 328-330

Samurai – pgs. 306-307

What did a knight wear?What did a knight wear? Chain mail – clothing Chain mail – clothing

made of tiny metal rings made of tiny metal rings that protected against that protected against swords. It weighed about swords. It weighed about 20 – 25 lbs.20 – 25 lbs.

Armor – iron or steal Armor – iron or steal plate. It weighed 50-60 plate. It weighed 50-60 lbs.lbs.

Helmet – Weighed 5-6 lbs.Helmet – Weighed 5-6 lbs. Coat of Arms – a shield Coat of Arms – a shield

with a unique design that with a unique design that helped identify him in the helped identify him in the battlebattle

A.A. Set of rules for knight Set of rules for knight to follow which to follow which demanded a knight demanded a knight fight for fight for THREE THREE masters:masters: 1. Feudal Lord 1. Feudal Lord 2. Christian Lord 2. Christian Lord =God=God 3. His Chosen 3. His Chosen LadyLady

3.3. Courtly LoveCourtly Love – – romantic love became romantic love became popular. A knight’s popular. A knight’s duty to his lady duty to his lady became became

as as important as important as his duty to his his duty to his lord.lord.

4. 4. TournamentsTournaments – – combined combat combined combat training with fun training with fun and sport through and sport through mock battles and mock battles and military gamesmilitary games

a. Knights a. Knights compete compete in in joustsjousts using using lanceslances

II. II. CastlesCastles::1. 1. The home of the The home of the lord and lady, their lord and lady, their

family, knights and family, knights and other other

men at men at arms and arms and

servantsservants

2. A 2. A fortrefortress ss designdesigned for ed for defendefensese

Motte and Bailey Motte and Bailey CastlesCastles

Carcassone, FranceCarcassone, France

III.III. Role of Role of WomenWomen – – women’s women’s status status declined declined throughout throughout the Middle the Middle AgesAges

1.1. Women were limited Women were limited to the to the homehome or the or the conventconventa. Could not receive a. Could not receive

land landb. Held less propertyb. Held less propertyc. Fiefs were passed c. Fiefs were passed from from father to son, NOT father to son, NOT

daughtersdaughters

2. 2. NoblewomenNoblewomen – took – took control of husband’s control of husband’s estate while he was estate while he was absentabsent

A.A. They frequently played a They frequently played a crucial role in defending crucial role in defending estates/castles in their estates/castles in their husbands absencehusbands absence acting as acting as military military commandercommander and and warriorwarrior

Coat of ArmsCoat of Arms A Coat of Arms is used to represent a A Coat of Arms is used to represent a

person or a group of people, person or a group of people, such as a family. Coats of arms are created such as a family. Coats of arms are created using a number of using a number of elements that tell a story and/or describe a elements that tell a story and/or describe a history. history.

Colors and Their MeaningsColors and Their Meanings

Heraldic Colors:Heraldic Colors:Yellow or Gold - GenerosityYellow or Gold - GenerosityWhite or Silver - Peace & SincerityWhite or Silver - Peace & SincerityBlack - Constancy (& sometimes Grief)Black - Constancy (& sometimes Grief)Blue - Loyalty & TruthfulnessBlue - Loyalty & TruthfulnessRed - Military Fortitude & BraveryRed - Military Fortitude & BraveryGreen - Hope, Joy & sometimes LoyaltyGreen - Hope, Joy & sometimes LoyaltyPurple - Royal Majesty, Sovereignty & JusticePurple - Royal Majesty, Sovereignty & Justice

Animals (charges)Animals (charges)Heraldic Animals:Heraldic Animals:

Bear - ProtectivenessBear - ProtectivenessBee - IndustriousnessBee - IndustriousnessCamel - PerseveranceCamel - PerseveranceDog - LoyaltyDog - LoyaltyDouble Eagle & Eagle - Leadership & DecisivenessDouble Eagle & Eagle - Leadership & DecisivenessDragon - Defender of TreasureDragon - Defender of TreasureFalcon or Hawk - EagernessFalcon or Hawk - EagernessFox - ClevernessFox - ClevernessGriffin (part eagle, part lion) - BraveryGriffin (part eagle, part lion) - BraveryHorse - Readiness to ServeHorse - Readiness to ServeLion - CourageLion - CouragePelican - Generosity & DevotionPelican - Generosity & DevotionRaven - ConstancyRaven - ConstancySnake - AmbitionSnake - AmbitionStag, Elk or Deer - Peace & HarmonyStag, Elk or Deer - Peace & HarmonyTiger - Fierceness & ValorTiger - Fierceness & ValorUnicorn - Extreme courageUnicorn - Extreme courageWolf - Constant VigilanceWolf - Constant Vigilance

SymbolsSymbolsHeraldic Symbols:Heraldic Symbols:

Axe - DutifulAxe - DutifulBridge - (signifies a governor or magistrate)Bridge - (signifies a governor or magistrate)Crescent - EnlightenmentCrescent - EnlightenmentCrosses - Christian sentimentsCrosses - Christian sentimentsCrown - AuthorityCrown - AuthorityFire - ZealFire - ZealFlaming Heart - PassionFlaming Heart - PassionFleur-de-lys (stylized Iris flower) - Purity (associated with France)Fleur-de-lys (stylized Iris flower) - Purity (associated with France)Hand - Faith, Sincerity & JusticeHand - Faith, Sincerity & JusticeHeart - SincerityHeart - SincerityHorns & Antlers - FortitudeHorns & Antlers - FortitudeLightning - DecisivenessLightning - DecisivenessMoon - SerenityMoon - SerenityOyster Shell - TravelerOyster Shell - TravelerRing - FidelityRing - FidelityScepter - JusticeScepter - JusticeStar - NobilityStar - NobilitySun - GlorySun - GlorySword - WarlikeSword - WarlikeTower or Castle - Fortitude & ProtectivenessTower or Castle - Fortitude & Protectiveness

Other Design OptionsOther Design OptionsCommon Design Features (heraldic terminology):Common Design Features (heraldic terminology):

Bend - a diagonal stripeBend - a diagonal stripeChevron - an upside-down "V"Chevron - an upside-down "V"Chief - broad stripe across top of shieldChief - broad stripe across top of shieldDexter - the right-hand side of the shield (from its Dexter - the right-hand side of the shield (from its user's perspective)user's perspective)Ermine - a white fur pattern (with black tail tips)Ermine - a white fur pattern (with black tail tips)Fess - broad horizontal stripe through centerFess - broad horizontal stripe through centerPale - broad vertical stripe through centerPale - broad vertical stripe through centerPassant - an animal shown walkingPassant - an animal shown walkingRampant - an animal standing on hind legsRampant - an animal standing on hind legsSinister - the left-hand side of the shield (from its Sinister - the left-hand side of the shield (from its user's perspective)user's perspective)

Example Coats of armsExample Coats of arms

Example Coat of ArmsExample Coat of Arms

Example Coat of ArmsExample Coat of Arms

Design a Coat of ArmsDesign a Coat of ArmsStep 1. Chose how to divide your Step 1. Chose how to divide your

shieldshield

Step 2: Pick a chargeStep 2: Pick a charge The charge is located at the top of the shield. The charge is located at the top of the shield.

A knight might select a certain animal for A knight might select a certain animal for his charge because of its perceived characteristics:his charge because of its perceived characteristics:strength, cunning, speed, size, etc. strength, cunning, speed, size, etc. What animal would you pick that is unique to you?What animal would you pick that is unique to you?

Common chargesCommon chargesDomesticCatDogLionOxHorse

Wild Lion SnakeTiger EagleBear ApeMonkey

Mythological GriffinPhoenixDragonUnicornCentaur

StrengthBrick wallOak TreeCrownArrows

Other symbols-what could they mean?Angels Flowers ShipsHearts Stars MoonFire Axe KeysLightning Sun Helmets

Step 3: Choose a color(s) for Step 3: Choose a color(s) for your shieldyour shield

The colors you select for your shield have a meaning of their own. What are some colors that say bravery, valor, and strength? Which colors identify you?