Chemical ReactionsChemical Reactions

Chap. 10Chap. 10Chap. 10Chap. 10

I. Evidence of a ReactionI. Evidence of a Reaction

I. Evidence of a ReactionI. Evidence of a ReactionA.A. Color changeColor change

I. Evidence of a ReactionI. Evidence of a ReactionA.A. Color changeColor change

B.B. Gas producedGas produced

I. Evidence of a ReactionI. Evidence of a ReactionA.A. Color changeColor change

B.B. Gas producedGas produced

C.C. Solid formedSolid formed

I. Evidence of a ReactionI. Evidence of a ReactionA.A. Color changeColor change

B.B. Gas producedGas produced

C.C. Solid formedSolid formed

D.D. Heat releasedHeat released

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing Equations

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsA.A. + takes the place of + takes the place of

the word ____the word ____

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsA.A. + takes the place of + takes the place of

the word ____the word ____

B.B. takes the place of takes the place of the word ____the word ____

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsA.A. + takes the place of + takes the place of

the word ____the word ____

B.B. takes the place of takes the place of the word ____the word ____

C.C. ReactantsReactants

Written on the left side of the equation

ReactantReactant

chemical that enters a reaction. Starting material.

chemical that enters a reaction. Starting material.

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsA.A. + takes the place of + takes the place of

the word ____the word ____

B.B. takes the place of takes the place of the word ____the word ____

C.C. ReactantsReactants

D.D. ProductsProducts

Written on the right side of the equation

ProductProduct

chemical that is formed in a reaction.chemical that is formed in a reaction.

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

1.1. Solid (s)Solid (s)

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

1.1. Solid (s)Solid (s)

2.2. Liquid (Liquid (ll))

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

1.1. Solid (s)Solid (s)

2.2. Liquid (Liquid (ll))

3.3. Gas (g)Gas (g)

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

1.1. Solid (s)Solid (s)

2.2. Liquid (Liquid (ll))

3.3. Gas (g)Gas (g)

4.4. Aqueous (aq)Aqueous (aq)

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

F.F. Word EquationsWord Equations

Names of reactants and products written

Self Check – Ex. 1Self Check – Ex. 1

Write the word equation Write the word equation for:for:

K + HK + H22O KOH + HO KOH + H22

II. Writing EquationsII. Writing EquationsE.E. PhasesPhases

F.F. Word EquationsWord Equations

G.G. Chemical EquationsChemical Equations

Symbols used in place of names

Self Check – Ex. 2Self Check – Ex. 2

Write the chemical Write the chemical equation for the reaction equation for the reaction that produces that produces sulfur sulfur dioxidedioxide and and oxygenoxygen gas gas when when sulfur trioxidesulfur trioxide is is decomposed.decomposed.

III. Balancing EquationsIII. Balancing Equations

III. Balancing EquationsIII. Balancing EquationsA.A. Law of conservation of Law of conservation of

massmass

The number and types of atoms in the reactants must be the same in the products

III. Balancing EquationsIII. Balancing EquationsA.A. Law of conservation of Law of conservation of

massmass

B.B. CoefficientsCoefficients

Numbers written before each atom or molecule in an equation

III. Balancing EquationsIII. Balancing EquationsA.A. Law of conservation of Law of conservation of

massmass

B.B. CoefficientsCoefficients

C.C. Significance of a Significance of a coefficientcoefficient

A coefficient in front of a formula alters the number of each atom in the formula

III. Balancing EquationsIII. Balancing EquationsA.A. Law of conservation of Law of conservation of

massmass

B.B. CoefficientsCoefficients

C.C. Significance of a Significance of a coefficientcoefficient

D.D. ExamplesExamples

Self Check – Ex. 3Self Check – Ex. 3

Balance this equation:Balance this equation:

__CH__CH44 + __O + __O22 __CO __CO22 + __H + __H22OO

Self Check – Ex. 4Self Check – Ex. 4

Balance this equation:Balance this equation:

__N__N22 + __H + __H22 __NH __NH33

Self Check – Ex. 5Self Check – Ex. 5

Balance this equation:Balance this equation:

__Na__Na22COCO33 + __ HCl + __ HCl

__NaCl + __H__NaCl + __H22O + ___COO + ___CO22

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of Reactions

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

1.1. Two or more reactants, Two or more reactants, and one productand one product

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

1.1. Two or more reactants, Two or more reactants, and one productand one product

2.2. A + B ABA + B AB

Self Check – Ex. 6Self Check – Ex. 6

Aluminum reacts with Aluminum reacts with chlorine in a synthesis chlorine in a synthesis reaction. Write the reaction. Write the equation.equation.

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition1.1. Two or more products, Two or more products,

and one reactantand one reactant

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition1.1. Two or more products, Two or more products,

and one reactantand one reactant

2.2. AB A + BAB A + B

Self Check – Ex. 7Self Check – Ex. 7

When potassium chlorate is When potassium chlorate is heated it decomposes into heated it decomposes into potassium chloride and potassium chloride and oxygen gas. Write the oxygen gas. Write the equation.equation.

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition

C.C. Single ReplacementSingle Replacement

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition

C.C. Single ReplacementSingle Replacement1.1. An element reacts with a An element reacts with a

compound.compound.

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition

C.C. Single ReplacementSingle Replacement1.1. An element reacts with a An element reacts with a

compound.compound.

2.2. A + BX AX + BA + BX AX + B

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition

C.C. Single ReplacementSingle Replacement1.1. An element reacts with a An element reacts with a

compound.compound.

2.2. A + BX AX + BA + BX AX + B

3.3. An element must be more An element must be more active in order to replace active in order to replace another.another.

Activity series for metalsActivity series for metalsLiLiKKCaCaNaNaMgMgAlAlZnZnFeFeNiNiPbPbAg, Pt, AuAg, Pt, Au

Activity series for metalsActivity series for metalsLiLiKKCaCaNaNaMgMgAlAlZnZnFeFeNiNiPbPbAg, Pt, AuAg, Pt, Au

Most active

Least active

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsD.D. Double ReplacementDouble Replacement

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsD.D. Double ReplacementDouble Replacement

1.1. A compound reacts with A compound reacts with another compound and another compound and the positive ions switch.the positive ions switch.

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsD.D. Double ReplacementDouble Replacement

1.1. A compound reacts with A compound reacts with another compound and another compound and the positive ions switch.the positive ions switch.

2.2. AX + BY AY + BXAX + BY AY + BX

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsD.D. Double ReplacementDouble Replacement

1.1. A compound reacts with A compound reacts with another compound and another compound and the positive ions switch.the positive ions switch.

2.2. AX + BY AY + BXAX + BY AY + BX

3.3. Produce an insoluble Produce an insoluble solid, a gas, or water.solid, a gas, or water.

IV. Types of ReactionsIV. Types of ReactionsA.A. SynthesisSynthesis

B.B. DecompositionDecomposition

C.C. Single ReplacementSingle Replacement

D.D. Double ReplacementDouble Replacement

E.E. CombustionCombustion

Burning a fuel in the presence of oxygen

Self Check – Ex. 10Self Check – Ex. 10

Write the equation for the Write the equation for the combustion of ethane, Ccombustion of ethane, C22HH66

Self Check – Ex. 11Self Check – Ex. 11

Write the equation for the Write the equation for the combustion of methanol, combustion of methanol, CHCH33OH.OH.