Charles the Younger (d. 811)

Carloman/Pippin, King of Lombards (r. 781-810)

Louis the Pious, King of Aquitaine (r. 781-814)

Image Link: Carolingian Family Tree:

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/France-1stCarolingians.png>

813 Charlemagne has Louis the Pious recognisedas heir to whole empire

814 Death of Charlemagne, succession ofLouis the Pious (r. 814-40)

817 Louis issues Ordinatio Imperii. Rebellionand death of Bernard

Louis II the German (d. 876) - Bavaria

Pippin I (d. 838) - Aquitaine

Lothar (d. 855) - the rest, starting with Italy

818 Death of Irmingard

819 Louis the Pious marries Judith of Bavaria

823 Birth of Charles the Bald

Being “the Pious”:

Monastic reform Benedict of Aniane(d. 821)

816 and 817 Church councils

Guardian of morality

Being “the Pious”:

Early 820s Reconciliation with opponentsand family

822 Penance at Attigny. Reconfirmation ofOrdinatio Imperii

Theodosius (r. 379-95)

Administrative Reforms:

Collection of capitularies

Missi dominici to inspect counties andmonasteries

2-3 public assemblies per year

Foreign Relations:

Intervention in Britanny and Slavic lands

Encouraging conversion of Slavs

Map Link: Division of the Frankish state according toOrdinatio Imperii:

<http://www.cristoraul.com/ENGLISH/MedievalHistory/HINCMAR/ICONS/817.gif>

Foreign Relations:

Pippin’s unsuccessful wars in SpanishMarch

Matfrid of Orléans Hugh of Tours

815 Louis the Pious crowned emperorby pope, defines Frankish-papalrelations

829 Louis the Pious grants Charles the BaldAlemannia, Rhaetia and part of Burgundy

830 Rebellion led by Lothar, Matfrid ofOrléans and Hugh of Tours, with Pippin Iof Aquitaine

Bernard of Septimania/Barcelona

Map Link: Partage du royaume 829:

<http://www.histoirdefrance.fr/images/829.gif>

831 Louis the Pious, with support of Louis theGerman, negotiates settlement

832 Louis the German attempts to annexeAlemannia. Louis the Pious grantsAquitaine to Charles the Bald, deposingPippin I of Aquitaine

833 Rebellion! (again)

833 The Field of Lies. Lothar, Louis the Germanand Pippin I of Aquitaine depose Louis thePious, who is forced to do penance. Lotharbecomes emperor

834 Rescue of Louis the Pious by noblesprobably incl. Louis the German. Louisthe Pious restored to imperial throne

835 Ceremonial re-arming of Louis the Pious.Deposition of Lothar

837-39 Repeated divisions of empire

839-40 Louis the German rebels against Louisthe Pious. Louis the Pious puts downrevolt

840 Death of Louis the Pious

Map Link: The Carolingian and Byzantine Empires:

<http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/medieval/maps/map068.jpg>

“The Astronomer”

Anonymous author of Vita HludoviciImperatoris (Life of the Emperor Louis)

Demonstrates interest in astronomical matters

Wrote work just after 840, probably usingcourt archive

Agobard of Lyons (c. 779-840)

Archbishop of Lyons from 814

Wrote against heresy, superstition, Judaism

833 Wrote in support of deposition of Louisthe Pious

835 Removed from archdiocese and exiled

838 Restored to archdiocese