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B. Special

characteristics of

plants

1. Cactus/cacti (kaktus)

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-native plants of desert eventhough has very

little rainfall (turun hujan )

How can cacttus survive in desert ? Because they regulate their water usage

effectively. Why like that ?

a. the stem ( batang ) is composed (tersusun) ofspongy tissue (jaringan spons) so that is to storea large amount of water as reservation in dryseason.

b. The roots are many and spread severalcentimeters underground . It can absorb waterfrom infrenquent rainfall( air hujan yg sesekaliturun)

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c. Spine –shaped leaves. to proctect water

loss through evaporation and can produce

dew drops(titik-titik embun) to protect from

drought(kekeringan) and as defensemechanism againts other animals/herbivores

2. Water Lily( teratai ) - as aquatic plants, roots and

stalks(batang) are underwater

- the flower emerge(nempak menyembul)from water’s surface

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How does water lily deal with( mengatasi) the excessive

water 9air berlebih) in its body to prevent from being

rotten (busuk) ?

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-By evaporation through its leaves surface

-large leaves can accelerate the transpiration

process (proses penguapan) to balance the

water content in its body.

-has waxy layer (lapisan lilin ) on leaves surface

so can be waterproof ( tidak basah oleh air)

- has a lot of air chamber ( rongga udara)in its roots and stalks for floating tool andgas exchange ( pertukaran udara) inside

the water lily

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3.Insectivorous plants

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Jenis tanaman karnivora gambar :

Sarracenia x 'Dana's Delight

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Darlingtonia californica

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Nepenthes (tropical pitcher

plants) - Nepenthaceae

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Drosera (sundew) - Droseraceae

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How does insectivorous

plant eat insects ?

By using special leaves that serves to trap (menjebak ) insects, is known as trapping leaf (daun penjebak )

When insects come near to leaves , they willbe trapped (diperangkap)immediately orslipped into ( tergelincir ) the leaves.

After that insects will be weak and finally dieand the digestive enzyme in the trappingleaves will start digesting( mencerna ) the dieinsects to get their nitrogen

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4. Mangrove( tumbuhan bakau )

- live in swamp ( rawa ) where the soil iscovered by shallow water and lack ofoxygen ( kekurangan oksigen )

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How does mangrove fulfill

its oxygen need ?

- by using additional root called breathingroots ( akar napas yaitu yg menjalar )

Breathing roots or aerial roots grow fromthe primary root and come up ( muncul )from soil and water’s surface. They have

spongy tissues for oxygen absorptionand then is transferred to the rootunderground and other body tissues.

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Any question, student /

Don’t be ashamed try to speak in englishbecause we are still learned too.