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Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
English and American Literature &
Selected Readings
：魏晓红 : [email protected]
: 13931098970
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
The Important Points
1. General Characteristics of the Time
2.The Representatives (prose-writers and
poets), Works and Their Writing Features
3.The Literary Terms: Naturalism,
Aestheticism, Neo-romanticism
4. Novelists: Oscar Wilde, Robert Louis
Stevenson
Four prose-writers:Thomas Carlyle 卡莱尔John Ruskin 罗斯金Matthew Arnold 阿诺德Thomas Maculay 麦考莱
Seven PoetsAlfred Tennyson 丁尼生The Brownings 布郎宁夫妇The Rossettis 罗塞蒂兄妹Edward Fitzgerald 菲兹哲罗Matthew Arnold 马修阿诺德Algernon Swinburne 史文朋William Morris 莫里斯
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Contents
Alfred Tennyson
Mr. Browning
Mrs. Browning
Background
Par
t 7: Pro
se-w
rite
rs &
Poe
ts o
f th
e M
id &
Lat
e 19th
C.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
The Historical Backgroundrapid growth of industry and industry
steam energy, machineryelectricity
monopoly position 垄断地位
world centre
full-fledged 羽毛丰满的
Darwin
technology
industry
finance
On the Origin Species 《物种起源》
controversy between science & religion
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
The Historical Backgroundsocial problems
conflicts; sordid conditions economic depression mass unemploymentdemand for political rights
writing features: criticism of social problem (unjust)the interests of bourgeoisie in power
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Literature in General
• Literature of the period was, in general , a
literature of criticism of Victorian social
injustice and other social problems.
Back
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Alfred Tennyson
(1806—1892)
丁尼生
Chapter 3 Tennyson
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Students’ Learning on Tennyson
On Tennyson
His Literary Career
and Writing Features
Presentation
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Life Story
in Somersby, Lincolnshire
father
intelligent
cultivated
unhappy severe depression
classical and modern languages
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Life Story
boyhoodsensitive
well-read melancholy sad, depressed, down-hearted
companionship
roaming poetry ,10
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Life Story1827
1830
1831
1832
Poems by Two Brothers《两兄弟诗集》 Charles
Cambridge University
first volume of verse
another volume
not well received
left Cambridge
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Life Story
discouraged
uncertain future silent for
ten yearsrevising
new and more ambitious projects
perfected his art
two successful volumes In Memoriam
Idylls of the King
《国王之歌》《悼念》
1833—1850
1859—1885
pub
lishe
d
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Life Story
Lord Tennyson ( 丁尼生勋爵 )
poet laureate in 1850
peer of the realm ( 上议院的贵族 )
in 1883
died in 1892
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Major Works
1. Poems by Two Brothers 《哥俩集》2. Poems, Chiefly Lyrical 《抒情诗集》3. Poems (two volumes) 《诗集》4. The Princess 《公主》5. Maud 《毛黛》6. The Idylls of the King 《国王叙事集》7. In Memoriam 《悼念》
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
His Major Poetical Works
In Memoriam 《悼念》
1833—1850
131 short poems
the death of Arthur Henry Hallam
relations between religion and science
Idylls of the King 《国王之歌》1850—1885
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
His Major Poetical Works
Idylls of the King 《国王之歌》1850—1885
12 metrical tales
King Arthur and his Knightsof the Round Table
Malory’s Morte d’Arthur
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
His Major Poetical Works
• Tennyson’s Best-known Short Poems
– “Break, Break, Break” “ 拍吧，拍吧，拍吧”
– Crossing the Bar “ 穿过沙洲”
sadness over the loss of a dear friend,combining the nature and his inner world
self-learning
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Break, Break, BreakTennyson
“ 冲激，冲激，冲激”
Listen
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Break, Break, Break “ 冲激，冲激，冲激”
• Break, break, break,
• 冲激，冲激，冲激• On thy cold gray stones, O Sea!
• 大海呀，冲激你灰冷的石岩！seawater
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• And I would that my tongue could utter
• 但愿我的舌端能道出• The thoughts that arise in me,
• 我内心涌起的思念。
I wish
speak out
my sorrow feeling after my friend’s death, like seawater.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• O, well for the fisherman’s boy,
• 若像那渔家儿童该多好，• That he shouts with his sister at play!
• 他在和妹妹一起玩耍喊叫！
it would be well for
I can see them running,
shouting happily on the seashore.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• O, well for the sailor lad,
• 若像那青年水手该多好！• That he sings in his boat on the bay!
• 他在海湾里荡桨歌唱多美妙！I can hear the singing of the young sailor joyfully, happily.
but sad in heart
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• And the stately ships go on,• 还有，一艘艘庄严的船舶• To their haven under the hill;• 朝它们山下的港口驶进；
in good order
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• But O for the touch of a vanish’d hand,
• 多么想得到那只消逝了的手的触摸， • And the sound of a voice that is still!
• 还有那已不做声响的嗓音。
how I wish
the dead hand of his friend, Hallam
the voice of his friend, Hallamsilent
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• Break, break, break,
• 冲激，冲激，冲激， • At the foot of thy crags, O Sea!
• 大海呀，冲激你悬崖的脚下！
long vowel, slow, sadness
high, steep or rugged mass of rock
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
• But the tender grace of a day that is dead
• 但那逝去的温文尔雅• Will never come back to me.
• 将永远回不到我这里。
charm
•Those beautiful days with his friend •Hallam will never come back again.
（李正栓 译）
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Comment on Alfred Tennyson
1) Tennyson is a moralist.
• His poetry is full of didacticism （说教） . He has made poetry the description of a beautiful and antique world.
• His own past, his country’s past, the past of mankind and the past of the world are the themes of his poetry.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Comment on Alfred Tennyson
2) Tennyson is a poet of nature.
In Tennyson’s poetry, natural
descriptions provide a series of metaphors
on the changing state of the poet’s mind.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Comment on Alfred Tennyson
3)Tennyson is a real artist.
visual musical
feelings
poetic imagesmelodious 优美的 language
manifest: show clearly
DreaminessSpenser
MajestyMilton
SimplicityWordsworth
FantasyBlake
MelodyKeats
narrative vigorScott, Byron
striking features
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Assignment (4)
1. Comment on Tennyson’s
“Break, Break, Break” and
“Crossing the Bar”.
2. Comment on Tennyson’s
artistic features.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning罗伯特 · 布朗宁
(1812-1889)
The Brownings布朗宁夫妇
The Brownings布朗宁夫妇
Elizabeth Barrett 伊丽莎白 · 芭蕾特
(1806-1861)
Elizabeth Barrett 伊丽莎白 · 芭蕾特
(1806-1861)
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning罗伯特 · 布朗宁
(1812-1889)
Chapter 4 Mr. Browning
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning’s Works
poetic idol 偶像 Shelley, influence
“Pauline”, “ 波琳”Imitation of Shelley
“Paracelsus”, “ 帕拉塞尔萨斯”
“Strafford”,” 斯特拉福德”Sordello, 《索尔戴洛》
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning’s Major Works Bells and Pomegranates
《铃铛和石榴树》
Vastness of the scope,grasp of human nature
Lack of the spontaneous grace and charm
Pippa Passes
perfect fruit of youthful imagination
《皮帕走过了》
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning’s Major Works
Dramatic Lyrics《戏剧抒情诗》 Dramatic Romances 《戏剧故事及抒情诗》 Men and Women 《男男女女》 Dramatic Personae 《登场人物》
20,934 lines
12 books, 12 long dramatic monologues 戏剧独白
The Ring and the Book 《指环和书》
Home Thoughts from Abroad
“ 海外乡愁”
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning’s Major Works
The Pied Piper of Hamelin“ 引起喧嚣的哈姆林吹笛人”
Home Thoughts from Abroad “ 海外乡愁” , “ 异域乡思”
a narrative poem for children
simple, clear,short lyrics:
Last collection: Asolando 《阿索兰多》
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning’s Contribution p.344dramatic monologue 戏剧独白 (Part III, Para.2)
通过主人公的自白或评议来抒发情感的无韵诗体。诗人对人物的性格和行为不加评论，而让他们自己向读者表白本人的思想和情感 , 从而使作品充满了戏剧效果。诗歌的主人公常常滔滔不绝地追叙往事，将自己的秘密或隐私和盘托出，而读者必须凭借自己的审美意识来判断任务的性格与特征。
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Comments (p.348, the last para.)1.gallant, courageous and high-hearted figure
2.buoyant (轻快的，精神活泼的 ) optimism
3.preeminently （杰出的，卓越的）the poet of happy, healthy, energetic youth
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Robert Browning’s Poetry
• Well-known poems:
• “Home-Thoughts, from Abroad” 《异域乡思》
• “Meeting at Night” 《深夜幽会》
• “Parting at Morning” 《清晨离别》
Back
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Elizabeth Barrett
伊丽莎白 · 芭蕾特(1806-1861)
Chapter 4 Mrs. Browning
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
E.B. Browning's Life and Careerfall off the horse, illness and affliction
pain and suffering
The Battle of Maraton《马拉顿之战》 A great epic, at 13
The Cry of the Children《孩子们的哭声》
humanitarian protest against the criminal system of employing the child labor prevailing in 19th century
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
E.B. Browning's Life and Career
Sonnets from the Portuguese
《葡萄牙十四行诗》１８５０
Casa Guidi Windows《圭迪的窗子》Aurora Leigh 《奥罗拉·
利》
a support of the Italian to fight for the freedom
A long poem of blank verse with 11,000 lines;modern English life of aristocratic lineage(血统 );a reflection of E.B. Browning's own personality.
Poems before Congress
《在大会之前写成的诗》
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
E.B. Browning's Life and CareerCharacteristics: intimate, personal feeling
Casa Guidi Windows aptly(名副其实地 ) called “a woman’s love making with a nation.”soul-touching love poems, showing her loving soul and
depth of her love for Mr. Browning whose power of love helped her recover from her paralysis, for example,
“Sonnets from the Portuguese”赠给丈夫真挚感人的爱情诗，诗句精练，才气横溢，被认为是 19 世纪中叶英国的优秀诗作。 poem
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
“Sonnets from the Portuguese”
葡萄牙的十四行诗（第 43首）
by E.B. Browning
Listen
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.
我究竞怎样爱你？让我细数端详。
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height
我爱你直到我灵魂所及的深度、广度和高度，
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight
摸索着存在的极致和美的理想。
For the ends of Being and ideal Grace.
looking for, searching
out of the real world
(深度、广度和高度， )我在视力不及之处
existence
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I love thee to the level of everyday’s
我爱你像最朴素的日常需要一样，
Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight.
就像不自觉地需要阳光和蜡烛。
就阳光和烛光而言
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;
我自由地爱你，像人们选择正义之路，
I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.
我纯洁地爱你，像人们躲避称赞颂扬。
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I love thee with the passion put to use
我爱你用的是我在昔日的悲痛里
suffering
In my old griefs, and with my childhood’s faith.用过的那种激情，以及童年的忠诚。
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
我爱你用的爱，我本以为早已失去
With my lost saints —I love thee with the breath,
（与我失去的圣徒一同）；我爱你用 (笑容、眼泪、 )呼吸 ( 和生命！ )
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I shall but love thee better after death.
(我爱你用笑容、 ) 眼泪、呼吸和生命！只要上帝允许，
Smiles, tears, of all my life! –and , if God choose,
在死后我爱你将只会更加深情。
飞白 译
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
Question:
How does the author express her love?
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Comments on the Poem
It is Mrs Browning’s soul-touching love poem, showing her loving soul and depth of her love for Mr. Browning whose power of love helped her recover from her paralysis.
1. Diction: metaphor, simile, repetition
2. Syntax: balanced sentence
3. Symbolism:
4. Point of view:
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;
我自由地爱你，像人们选择正义之路，
I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.
我纯洁地爱你，像人们躲避称赞颂扬。
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
我爱你用的爱，我本以为早已失去
With my lost saints —I love thee with the breath,
（与我失去的圣徒一同）；我爱你用 (笑容、眼泪、 )呼吸 ( 和生命！ )
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Sonnets from the Portuguese
I shall but love thee better after death.
(我爱你用笑容、 ) 眼泪、呼吸和生命！只要上帝允许，
Smiles, tears, of all my life! –and , if God choose,
在死后我爱你将只会更加深情。
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Assignment (5)
1. Comment on Mr. Browning’s
achievements in poetry.
2. Remember the Brownings’ ma
jor works.
3. Comment on “Sonnets from th
e Portuguese.
Chapter Seven Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
Goodbye.
