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Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they became pregnant up to the end of their pregnancy by selected demographics 1 Infant Feeding Practices Study II N Yes No Total (%) ALL 2,366 60.7 39.3 100 Age 18-24 487 62.2 37.8 100 25-29 796 60.4 39.6 100 30-34 676 58.7 41.3 100 35+ 405 63.0 37.0 100 Parity Primiparous 669 77.9 22.1 100 Multiparous 1,647 53.4 46.6 100 Education HS or less 425 53.4 46.6 100 Some college 856 58.1 41.9 100 College graduate 933 66.3 33.7 100 Income (% of poverty) < 185% 951 51.2 48.8 100 185- < 350% 843 61.9 38.1 100 >=350% 572 74.8 25.2 100 WIC Participant No 1,470 63.5 36.5 100 Yes 896 56.1 43.9 100 Race White 1,974 60.9 39.1 100 Black 99 68.7 31.3 100 Hispanic 130 60.0 40.0 100 Region Northeast 420 62.1 37.9 100 Midwest 724 64.8 35.2 100 South 744 58.5 41.5 100 West 478 56.9 43.1 100 1 Table is based on variable: M3H4 http://www.cdc.gov/ifps

Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

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Page 1: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care

Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they became pregnant up to the end of their pregnancy by selected demographics1

Infant Feeding Practices Study II N Yes No Total (%)

ALL 2,366 60.7 39.3 100 Age 18-24 487 62.2 37.8 100 25-29 796 60.4 39.6 100 30-34 676 58.7 41.3 100 35+ 405 63.0 37.0 100 Parity Primiparous 669 77.9 22.1 100 Multiparous 1,647 53.4 46.6 100 Education HS or less 425 53.4 46.6 100 Some college 856 58.1 41.9 100 College graduate 933 66.3 33.7 100 Income (% of poverty) < 185% 951 51.2 48.8 100 185- < 350% 843 61.9 38.1 100 >=350% 572 74.8 25.2 100 WIC Participant No 1,470 63.5 36.5 100 Yes 896 56.1 43.9 100 Race White 1,974 60.9 39.1 100 Black 99 68.7 31.3 100 Hispanic 130 60.0 40.0 100 Region Northeast 420 62.1 37.9 100 Midwest 724 64.8 35.2 100 South 744 58.5 41.5 100 West 478 56.9 43.1 100 1 Table is based on variable: M3H4

http://www.cdc.gov/ifps

Page 2: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.2. Percent of mothers who stopped working at different months of pregnancy by selected demographics1, among mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they became pregnant up to the end of their pregnancy

Infant Feeding Practices Study II

N Before

becoming pregnant

< 3 months

3-5 months

6-7 months

8 months

9 months

Didn't stop

working before birth

Total(%)

ALL 1,407 1.9 5.8 7.7 8.0 14.2 24.2 38.2 100 Age 18-24 299 3.3 11.0 15.4 8.7 16.4 22.4 22.7 100 25-29 467 1.9 5.1 6.6 9.2 14.6 25.5 37.0 100 30-34 391 1.3 3.8 5.9 5.6 14.1 23.5 45.8 100 35+ 249 1.2 3.6 3.2 8.8 11.2 24.9 47.0 100 Parity Primiparous 514 1.6 5.6 7.0 8.8 15.4 25.7 36.0 100 Multiparous 858 2.1 5.8 8.2 7.6 13.1 23.5 39.7 100 Education HS or less 222 5.0 14.4 13.5 6.8 16.7 14.9 28.8 100 Some college 488 1.6 6.4 8.8 8.8 15.6 22.7 36.1 100

College graduate 604 0.8 2.3 3.6 7.0 11.9 27.8 46.5 100

Income (% of poverty) < 185% 473 3.0 10.6 12.3 9.5 14.4 19.7 30.7 100 185- < 350% 512 2.0 4.9 7.0 7.6 15.6 24.2 38.7 100

>=350% 422 0.7 1.4 3.3 6.9 12.3 29.1 46.2 100 WIC Participant No 916 1.2 3.2 5.1 6.6 13.6 25.2 45.1 100 Yes 491 3.3 10.6 12.4 10.8 15.3 22.2 25.5 100 Race White 1,179 2.0 5.4 7.3 7.5 13.6 24.3 39.9 100 Black 65 1.5 7.7 9.2 10.8 21.5 30.8 18.5 100 Hispanic 76 1.3 9.2 9.2 11.8 15.8 21.1 31.6 100 Region Northeast 259 0.8 3.5 6.6 10.4 15.8 29.7 33.2 100 Midwest 459 1.1 4.8 6.5 7.2 14.4 20.5 45.5 100 South 423 3.1 6.4 8.0 6.1 13.9 23.4 39.0 100 West 266 2.6 8.6 10.2 10.2 12.8 26.3 29.3 100 1 Table is based on variable: M3H5

Page 3: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.3. Percent of mothers who worked for pay any time during the past 4 weeks by infant age1

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

N Yes No Total(%) N Yes No Total (%) N Yes No Total(%) N Yes No Total(%)

ALL 2,371 40.3 59.7 100 2,089 47.2 52.8 100 1,932 50.1 49.9 100 1,794 51.6 48.4 100 Age 18-24 489 37.0 63.0 100 390 42.6 57.4 100 332 50.6 49.4 100 292 49.7 50.3 100 25-29 793 40.7 59.3 100 702 46.0 54.0 100 649 46.8 53.2 100 605 48.4 51.6 100 30-34 678 39.4 60.6 100 628 47.5 52.5 100 591 49.6 50.4 100 544 51.7 48.3 100 35+ 409 45.0 55.0 100 367 53.7 46.3 100 358 56.1 43.9 100 352 58.5 41.5 100 Parity Primiparous 673 48.0 52.0 100 591 57.0 43.0 100 541 62.7 37.3 100 508 63.8 36.2 100 Multiparous 1,648 37.0 63.0 100 1,461 42.8 57.2 100 1,359 44.7 55.3 100 1,254 46.4 53.6 100 Education HS or less 426 32.6 67.4 100 385 36.4 63.6 100 332 39.8 60.2 100 298 40.6 59.4 100 Some college 858 38.8 61.2 100 730 44.8 55.2 100 674 46.7 53.3 100 607 47.9 52.1 100

College graduate 935 45.1 54.9 100 861 54.0 46.0 100 831 56.4 43.6 100 794 58.1 41.9 100

Income (% of poverty) < 185% 952 32.5 67.5 100 821 37.8 62.2 100 733 40.1 59.9 100 652 41.1 58.9 100 185- < 350% 844 42.1 57.9 100 751 46.7 53.3 100 698 50.1 49.9 100 667 51.3 48.7 100

>=350% 575 50.8 49.2 100 517 62.7 37.3 100 501 64.5 35.5 100 475 66.5 33.5 100 WIC Participant No 1,473 43.0 57.0 100 1,325 51.2 48.8 100 1,251 53.9 46.1 100 1,187 55.0 45.0 100 Yes 898 35.9 64.1 100 764 40.2 59.8 100 681 43.0 57.0 100 607 45.0 55.0 100 Race White 1,978 40.5 59.5 100 1,760 47.1 52.9 100 1,635 50.0 50.0 100 1,516 51.7 48.3 100 Black 99 45.5 54.5 100 67 62.7 37.3 100 64 64.1 35.9 100 60 63.3 36.7 100 Hispanic 129 34.9 65.1 100 112 41.1 58.9 100 106 44.3 55.7 100 98 46.9 53.1 100 Region Northeast 421 36.3 63.7 100 400 50.3 49.8 100 366 50.3 49.7 100 346 55.2 44.8 100 Midwest 727 47.6 52.4 100 637 51.8 48.2 100 589 56.0 44.0 100 563 56.0 44.0 100 South 746 39.3 60.7 100 637 43.8 56.2 100 590 48.0 52.0 100 534 47.8 52.2 100 West 477 34.4 65.6 100 415 42.2 57.8 100 387 43.9 56.1 100 351 47.0 53.0 100 1 Table is based on variables: M3H6, M6H13, M9H13, MWH13

Page 4: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.4. Median infant age in weeks when mothers began working after the delivery by selected demographics1, among mothers who worked after birth

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

N Median N Median N Median N Median ALL 927 8.0 972 9.6 956 10.6 916 12.0 Age 18-24 173 6.3 162 10.6 166 11.1 144 12.9 25-29 313 8.0 321 9.0 300 9.6 288 12.0 30-34 262 8.6 294 9.6 289 10.6 277 11.6 35+ 178 8.6 194 10.6 200 10.6 206 11.6 Parity Primiparous 316 8.6 335 10.6 335 11.6 323 12.9 Multiparous 590 7.3 614 8.6 601 9.6 573 11.6 Education HS or less 136 7.0 135 8.6 131 10.6 121 12.9 Some college 326 7.0 324 8.6 310 8.6 285 11.0 College graduate 407 8.6 460 10.6 465 11.0 459 11.6 Income (% of poverty) < 185% 294 6.3 305 8.6 291 9.6 264 12.9 185- < 350% 347 8.0 348 8.6 346 9.6 336 11.6 >=350% 286 8.6 319 11.6 319 11.6 316 12.0 WIC Participant No 619 8.6 670 10.6 666 10.6 648 11.6 Yes 308 7.0 302 8.6 290 10.3 268 12.9 Race White 776 8.0 818 9.6 808 10.6 774 11.6 Black 43 8.6 41 12.9 40 11.6 38 12.9 Hispanic 44 8.6 45 11.0 47 10.6 46 12.9 Region Northeast 160 8.6 171 10.6 170 12.9 164 12.9 Midwest 332 8.0 324 9.0 326 9.6 310 10.6 South 283 7.3 278 8.6 278 9.8 253 10.6 West 152 8.0 199 11.6 182 12.0 189 12.9 1 Table is based on variables: M3H7, M6H14, M9H14, MWH14

Page 5: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.5. Percent of mothers who usually worked for each number of hours per week during the past 4 weeks by infant age and selected demographics1, among mothers who worked during these periods

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

1 to 9 hrs/week 17.8 13.6 12.0 11.6 10 to 19 hrs/week 13.4 12.4 12.6 11.8 20 to 29 hrs/week 15.1 15.4 16.9 18.3 30 to 34 hrs/week 7.4 8.3 9.0 8.1 35 to 40 hrs/week 34.8 34.7 33.4 35.2 >40 hrs/week 11.6 15.6 16.2 15.1 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 941 979 960 917 1 Table is based on variables: M3H8, M6H15, M9H15, MWH15

Page 6: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.6. Percent of mothers who worked in each type of setting by selected demographics1, among mothers who worked during the past 4 weeks of month 3 survey

Infant Feeding Practices Study II

N A building

A private residence

A Vehicle Outdoor Other Total

(%) ALL 941 72.9 20.7 1.2 0.7 4.5 100 Age 18-24 179 72.6 19.6 1.7 0.6 5.6 100 25-29 316 73.7 21.5 0.6 0.9 3.2 100 30-34 263 76.0 17.1 1.1 1.1 4.6 100 35+ 182 67.0 25.8 1.6 0.0 5.5 100 Parity Primiparous 319 79.6 15.0 0.9 1.3 3.1 100 Multiparous 600 69.2 24.0 1.3 0.5 5.0 100 Education HS or less 138 67.4 21.0 2.2 0.7 8.7 100 Some college 328 73.2 21.0 1.5 0.6 3.7 100 College graduate 414 73.4 21.5 0.7 1.0 3.4 100 Income (% of poverty) < 185% 302 70.9 22.5 0.7 0.7 5.3 100 185- < 350% 351 71.8 19.9 2.3 0.6 5.4 100 >=350% 288 76.4 19.8 0.3 1.0 2.4 100 WIC Participant No 625 73.0 21.0 1.0 0.8 4.3 100 Yes 316 72.8 20.3 1.6 0.6 4.7 100 Race White 789 70.6 22.9 1.3 0.9 4.3 100 Black 43 88.4 4.7 0.0 0.0 7.0 100 Hispanic 44 86.4 9.1 2.3 0.0 2.3 100 Region Northeast 152 71.7 22.4 1.3 0.0 4.6 100 Midwest 338 76.3 17.8 0.6 1.5 3.8 100 South 288 72.6 20.5 2.1 0.7 4.2 100 West 163 67.5 25.8 0.6 0.0 6.1 100 1 Table is based on variable: M3H9

Page 7: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.7. Percent of mothers who ranked their paid work with each level of satisfaction by infant age1, among mothers who worked during the past 4 weeks

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Level of Satisfaction Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

None (1) 4.0 3.1 3.6 2.3 2 11.0 9.8 8.6 10.3 3 26.3 30.8 31.2 30.1 4 38.5 37.5 37.7 37.4 Very much (5) 20.3 18.9 18.9 19.8 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 928 974 956 919 1 Table is based on variables: M3H10, M6H16, M9H16, MWH16

Page 8: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.8. Percent of mothers who arranged each kind of baby care while they worked by infant age1 , 2, among mothers who worked during the past 4 weeks

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Baby is cared by a family member 56.7 56.4 54.5 53.6 Baby is cared by someone not in the family 32.1 36.0 40.0 41.7 Mom keeps baby with her while she works at home 17.8 14.3 14.5 12.8

Mom keeps baby with her while she works outside her home 10.3 9.4 8.0 5.3

N 939 978 961 923 1 Table is based on variables: M3H11A-D, M6H17A-D, M9H18A-D, MWH17A-D

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

Page 9: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.9. Percent of mothers indicating each level of breastfeeding support from their place of employment1, among mothers who worked during the past 4 weeks

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Not at all supportive 8.0 8.0 10.0 8.6 Not too supportive 11.3 12.3 10.5 12.5 Somewhat supportive 30.6 31.9 31.3 32.4 Very supportive 50.1 47.8 48.2 46.6 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 902 927 913 865 1 Table is based on variables: M3H12, M6H18, M9H19, MWH18

Page 10: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.10. Percent of mothers who used each strategy for breastfeeding while working by infant age1 , 2, among mothers who breastfed and worked during the past 4 weeks

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

I keep my baby with me while I work and breastfeed during my work day 31.7 28.6 27.7 22.0

I go to my baby and breastfeed him or her during my work day 8.2 11.3 10.7 8.6

My baby is brought to me to breastfeed during my work day 4.1 3.9 3.0 3.0

I pump milk during my work day and save it for my baby to drink later 57.5 54.8 47.0 24.1

I pump milk during my work day, but I do not save it for my baby to drink later 1.0 0.7 1.2 0.4

I neither pump milk nor breastfeed during my work day 12.5 15.7 23.2 46.1

N 511 434 336 232 1 Table is based on variables: M3H14A-F, M6H20A-F, M9H21A-F, MWH20A-F

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

Page 11: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.11. Percent of mothers who experienced each problem combining breastfeeding and work by infant age1 , 2, among mothers who breastfed and worked during the past 4 weeks

Infant Feeding Practices Study II

Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

A coworker made negative comments or complained to me about breastfeeding 4.3 3.3 3.6 3.9

My employer or my supervisor made negative comments or complained to me 1.6 3.0 1.8 2.2

It was hard for me to arrange break time for breastfeeding or pumping milk 30.2 31.6 29.6 21.0

It was hard for me to find a place to breastfeed or pump milk 19.5 16.8 18.2 11.0

It was hard for me to arrange a place to store pumped breast milk 5.5 3.7 5.4 4.4

It was hard for me to carry the equipment I needed to pump milk at work 10.1 6.8 5.1 4.4

I felt worried about keeping my job because of breastfeeding 4.1 2.6 3.0 1.8

I felt worried about continuing to breastfeed because of my job 17.7 14.0 9.6 8.4

I felt embarrassed among coworkers, my supervisor, or my employer because of breastfeeding 8.2 4.4 5.1 4.0

N 515 429 337 228 1 Table is based on variables: M3H15A-I, M6H21A-I, M9H22A-I, MWH21A-I

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

Page 12: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.12. Percent of mothers whose babies were cared for by someone other than their mother on a regular schedule during the past 4 weeks by infant age and selected demographics1

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

N Yes No Total(%) N Yes No Total(%) N Yes No Total(%) N Yes No Total(%) ALL 2,388 34.6 65.4 100 2,095 41.4 58.6 100 1,944 43.8 56.2 100 1,806 44.9 55.1 100 Age 18-24 491 36.5 63.5 100 393 40.7 59.3 100 336 47.6 52.4 100 294 47.6 52.4 100 25-29 803 34.4 65.6 100 702 39.5 60.5 100 650 40.3 59.7 100 609 40.7 59.3 100 30-34 681 33.9 66.1 100 630 41.4 58.6 100 597 43.2 56.8 100 548 44.9 55.1 100 35+ 411 33.8 66.2 100 368 45.9 54.1 100 359 47.4 52.6 100 354 49.4 50.6 100 Parity Primiparous 677 45.8 54.2 100 593 53.8 46.2 100 543 56.0 44.0 100 512 59.0 41.0 100 Multiparous 1,659 29.6 70.4 100 1,465 35.9 64.1 100 1,369 38.5 61.5 100 1,262 38.7 61.3 100 Education HS or less 430 29.5 70.5 100 385 36.6 63.4 100 335 37.3 62.7 100 300 37.0 63.0 100 Some college 862 33.3 66.7 100 734 36.4 63.6 100 679 39.5 60.5 100 612 40.5 59.5 100

College graduate 942 36.3 63.7 100 861 46.8 53.2 100 834 48.7 51.3 100 796 50.4 49.6 100

Income (% of poverty) < 185% 959 29.4 70.6 100 824 34.1 65.9 100 735 36.2 63.8 100 659 35.1 64.9 100 185- < 350% 850 35.3 64.7 100 753 40.0 60.0 100 706 43.6 56.4 100 672 44.0 56.0 100

>=350% 579 42.1 57.9 100 518 55.2 44.8 100 503 55.1 44.9 100 475 59.6 40.4 100 WIC Participant No 1,483 35.3 64.7 100 1,326 43.6 56.4 100 1,259 45.4 54.6 100 1,189 47.0 53.0 100 Yes 905 33.4 66.6 100 769 37.7 62.3 100 685 40.7 59.3 100 617 40.7 59.3 100 Race White 1,991 33.8 66.2 100 1,764 39.9 60.1 100 1,644 42.5 57.5 100 1,526 44.6 55.4 100 Black 99 44.4 55.6 100 68 60.3 39.7 100 64 64.1 35.9 100 61 65.6 34.4 100 Hispanic 132 36.4 63.6 100 113 47.8 52.2 100 107 45.8 54.2 100 98 40.8 59.2 100 Region Northeast 425 31.5 68.5 100 400 43.5 56.5 100 370 44.6 55.4 100 350 46.6 53.4 100 Midwest 732 40.4 59.6 100 640 46.1 53.9 100 592 48.6 51.4 100 568 50.0 50.0 100 South 751 35.4 64.6 100 639 41.0 59.0 100 591 45.2 54.8 100 536 43.8 56.2 100 West 480 27.1 72.9 100 416 32.9 67.1 100 391 33.5 66.5 100 352 36.4 63.6 100 1 Table is based on variables: M3H16, M6H22, M9H24, MWH23

Page 13: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.13. Percent of babies kept by each specific other person during the past 4 weeks by infant age1 , 2, among babies who were cared for by someone other than their mother during these periods

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Baby's father 44.2 38.6 35.6 36.0 Baby's grandparent(s) 45.6 40.7 39.5 38.9 Other family member 14.4 12.2 12.7 11.7 Someone not in baby's family 37.2 42.4 46.2 48.8 N 826 868 851 809 1 Table is based on variables: M3H17A-D, M6H23A-D, M9H24A-D, MWH23A-D

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

Page 14: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.14. Percent of babies usually cared for at various settings by infant age1 , among babies who were cared for by someone other than their mother during the past 4 weeks

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Baby's home with no other children 27.8 22.3 22.2 21.9 Baby's home with other children or baby's brothers or sisters 33.9 33.0 30.4 30.7

Other private home with no other children 18.0 19.1 20.9 23.9 Other private home with other children or baby's brothers or sisters 34.1 15.0 16.0 16.6

Day care or child care 15.4 36.6 33.5 32.0 Other 1.7 1.7 2.4 1.4 N 824 866 850 809 1 Table is based on variables: M3H18A-F, M6H24A-F, M9H25A-F, MWH24A-F

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

Page 15: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.15. Median days in an average week that babies were cared for by the regularly scheduled child care providers by infant age and selected demographics1, among babies who were cared for by someone other than their mother during these periods

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

N Median N Median N Median N Median ALL 826 5.0 868 5.0 851 5.0 808 5.0 Age 18-24 179 5.0 160 5.0 160 5.0 140 5.0 25-29 276 5.0 277 5.0 262 5.0 247 5.0 30-34 231 5.0 261 5.0 258 5.0 246 5.0 35+ 139 5.0 169 5.0 170 5.0 174 5.0 Parity Primiparous 310 5.0 319 5.0 304 5.0 301 5.0 Multiparous 491 5.0 526 5.0 527 5.0 488 5.0 Education HS or less 127 5.0 141 4.0 125 4.0 111 5.0 Some college 287 4.0 267 5.0 268 4.0 247 5.0 College graduate 342 5.0 403 5.0 406 5.0 401 5.0 Income (% of poverty) < 185% 282 5.0 281 5.0 266 5.0 231 5.0 185- < 350% 300 5.0 301 5.0 308 4.0 295 5.0 >=350% 244 5.0 286 5.0 277 5.0 282 5.0 WIC Participant No 524 5.0 578 5.0 572 5.0 557 5.0 Yes 302 5.0 290 5.0 279 5.0 251 5.0 Race White 672 5.0 703 5.0 699 5.0 679 5.0 Black 44 5.0 41 5.0 41 5.0 40 5.0 Hispanic 48 5.0 54 5.0 49 5.0 40 5.0 Region Northeast 130 4.5 137 5.0 131 4.0 128 5.0 Midwest 296 4.0 295 5.0 288 5.0 284 5.0 South 266 5.0 262 5.0 267 5.0 234 5.0 West 134 4.0 174 4.0 165 5.0 162 4.5 1 Table is based on variables: M3H19, M6H25, M9H26, MWH25

Page 16: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.16. Median hours on an average day that babies were with their regular child care provider by infant age and selected demographics1, among babies who were cared for by someone other than their mother during these periods

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

N Median N Median N Median N Median ALL 825 8.0 868 8.0 851 8.0 811 8.0 Age 18-24 178 7.0 160 8.0 160 8.0 141 8.0 25-29 276 8.0 277 8.0 262 8.0 248 8.0 30-34 231 8.0 261 8.0 258 8.0 246 8.0 35+ 139 8.0 169 8.0 170 8.0 175 8.0 Parity Primiparous 310 8.0 319 8.0 304 8.0 302 8.0 Multiparous 490 8.0 526 8.0 527 8.0 490 8.0 Education HS or less 126 7.0 141 7.0 125 8.0 112 8.0 Some college 287 8.0 267 8.0 268 8.0 248 8.0 College graduate 342 8.0 403 8.0 406 8.0 401 8.0 Income (% of poverty) < 185% 281 8.0 281 8.0 266 8.0 232 8.0 185- < 350% 300 8.0 301 8.0 308 8.0 296 8.0 >=350% 244 8.0 286 9.0 277 8.0 283 8.0 WIC Participant No 524 8.0 578 8.0 572 8.0 559 8.0 Yes 301 8.0 290 8.0 279 8.0 252 8.0 Race White 671 8.0 703 8.0 699 8.0 682 8.0 Black 44 8.0 41 8.0 41 8.0 40 8.0 Hispanic 48 8.0 54 8.0 49 9.0 40 8.0 Region Northeast 130 8.0 137 8.0 131 8.0 129 8.0 Midwest 295 8.0 295 8.0 288 8.0 284 8.0 South 266 8.0 262 8.0 267 8.0 235 8.0 West 134 8.0 174 8.0 165 8.0 163 8.0 1 Table is based on variables: M3H20, M6H26, M9H27, MWH26

Page 17: Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care · 2019-01-25 · Chapter 7. Employment and Day Care . Table 7.1. Percent of mothers who worked for pay at anytime from the 3 months before they

Table 7.17. Percent of mothers indicating each level of breastfeeding support from their child care provider by infant age1, among babies who were cared for by someone other than their mother during these periods

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Not at all supportive 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 Not too supportive 0.9 1.8 1.3 1.4 Somewhat supportive 7.4 8.7 7.5 7.2 Very supportive 67.7 64.3 65.3 65.7 Don't know 23.0 24.0 24.7 24.8 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 812 849 835 795 1 Table is based on variables: M3H21, M6H27, M9H28, MWH27

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Table 7.18. Median times per day that the child care provider fed the baby on an average day by infant age1, among babies who were cared for by someone other than their mother during these periods

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Infant age in months N Median

3 786 3.0 6 832 3.0 9 825 3.0 12 785 3.0 1 Table is based on variables: M3H22, M6H28, M9H29, MWH28

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Table 7.19. Percent of mothers who found out with each frequency what their regularly scheduled child care provider fed their baby by infant age1, among babies who were fed by their care provider

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Seldom or never 1.91 1.56 2.16 1.52 Sometimes 5.59 6.22 11.52 18.48 Always or most of the time 92.50 92.22 86.31 80.00 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 787 836 833 790 1 Table is based on variables: M3H23, M6H29, M9H30, MWH29

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Table 7.20. Percent of mothers who indicated that each person usually provided the formula, if any, and food for babies to drink and eat under the regular child care arrangements in the past 4 weeks by infant age1, among babies who were cared for outside of their home

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Who provided the baby's formula ? Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12 The child care provider 9.6 7.4 8.8 8.2 The mother 69.5 74.5 77.7 47.9 Someone else 1.2 1.6 1.4 0.8 Baby was not fed this item 23.4 19.7 14.9 43.5 N 509 564 556 526 Who provided the baby's food for meals? The child care provider 3.7 16.8 32.7 66.5 The mother 21.0 66.5 74.3 47.5 Someone else 0.6 2.1 2.9 3.6 Baby was not fed this item 73.5 18.3 2.2 0.8 N 509 564 556 526 Who provided the baby's snacks? The child care provider 1.4 11.0 40.3 72.2 The mother 8.8 35.1 60.8 42.0 Someone else 0.0 1.2 2.9 3.8 Baby was not fed this item 87.2 53.9 9.4 1.1 N 509 564 556 526 1 Table is based on variables: M3H24A_1-4, M3H24B_1-4, M3H24C_1-4, M6H30A_1-4, M6H30B_1-4, M6H30C_1-4, M9H31A_1-4, M9H31B_1-4, M9H31C_1-4, MWH30A_1-4, MWH30B_1-4, MWH30C_1-4

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

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Table 7.21. Percent of child care providers who supported breastfeeding in each way by infant age1 , 2, among babies who were cared for outside of their home

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Yes No Don't Know Yes No Don't

Know Yes No Don't Know Yes No Don't

Know Feed a mother's pumped breast milk to her baby?

56.7 27.1 16.2 53.6 27.1 19.4 53.6 26.2 20.2 55.1 21.5 23.3

Allow mothers to breastfeed at the child care place before or after work?

49.3 14.3 36.4 45.2 13.4 41.4 49.2 11.9 39.0 50.7 8.0 41.2

Allow mothers to come in and breastfeed during their lunch or other breaks?

47.3 15.8 36.9 44.7 12.9 42.4 46.7 11.7 41.6 49.5 8.2 42.3

Thaw and prepare bottles of pumped milk if needed?

54.4 18.5 27.1 55.2 16.2 28.6 51.3 15.4 33.3 56.5 12.2 31.3

Keep extra breast milk in a freezer for use if they run out during the day?

38.3 29.5 32.2 41.3 24.2 34.6 38.9 22.6 38.5 44.1 19.0 36.9

N 499 499 499 547 547 547 539 539 539 506 506 506 1 Table is based on variables: M3H25A-E, M6H31A-E, M9H32A-E, MWH31A-E

2 Column percentages do not add up to 100% because mothers could choose all that apply

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Table 7.22. Percent of child care providers who kept fresh and thawed breast milk in the refrigerator for different time periods by infant age1, among babies who were cared for outside of their home

Infant Feeding Practices Study II Month 3 Month 6 Month 9 Month 12

Fresh breast milk Throws milk out or send it home daily 31.24 32.17 29.96 27.39

Keeps milk over 1 night 11.28 8.72 7.74 7.47 Keeps milk over 2 nights 2.82 1.55 1.79 1.66 Keeps milk 3 nights or longer 1.74 1.94 1.59 1.87

Don't know 52.93 55.62 58.93 61.62 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 461 516 504 482

Thawed breast milk

Throws milk out or send it home daily 30.82 33.01 29.86 27.35

Keeps milk over 1 night 9.53 6.25 6.61 7.31 Keeps milk over 2 nights 1.11 1.17 1.00 0.63 Keeps milk 3 nights or longer 1.55 1.37 0.40 0.84

Don't know 56.98 58.20 62.12 63.88 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 N 451 512 499 479

1 Table is based on variables: M3H26, M6H32, M9H33, MWH32