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CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

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Page 1: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

CHAPTER 7DNA: Structure and Replication

CHAPTER 7DNA: Structure and Replication

Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Page 2: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

CHAPTER OUTLINE7.1 DNA: the genetic material

7.2 The DNA structure

7.3 Semiconservative replication

7.4 Overview of DNA replication

7.5 The replisome: a remarkable replication machine

7.6 Replication in eukaryotic organisms

7.7 Telomeres and telomerase: replication termination

Page 3: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Computer model of DNA

Chapter 7 Opener

Page 4: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

A sculpture of DNA

Figure 7-1

Page 5: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA: the genetic material

Page 6: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Transforming R cells into S cells

Figure 7-2

Page 7: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA is the transforming agent

Figure 7-3

Page 8: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The phage genetic material is DNA

Figure 7-4

Page 9: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The DNA structure

Page 10: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Structures of the four DNA nucleotides

Figure 7-5

Page 11: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Table 7-1

Page 12: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Rosalind Franklin’s critical experimental result

Figure 7-6a

Page 13: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Rosalind Franklin’s critical experimental result

Figure 7-6b

Page 14: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The first model of DNA

Figure 7-7

Page 15: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The structure of DNA

Figure 7-8

Page 16: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Two representations of the DNA double helix

Figure 7-9

Page 17: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Base pairing in DNA

Figure 7-10

Page 18: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Semiconservative replication

Page 19: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Semiconservative DNA replication

Figure 7-11

Page 20: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Three alternative models for DNA replication

Figure 7-12

Page 21: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA is copied by semiconservative replication

Figure 7-13a

Page 22: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA is copied by semiconservative replication

Figure 7-13b

Page 23: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA is copied by semiconservative replication

Figure 7-13c

Page 24: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

A replicating bacterial chromosome

Figure 7-14

Page 25: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

A replicating bacterial chromosome

Figure 7-14a

Page 26: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

A replicating bacterial chromosome

Figure 7-14b

Page 27: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase

Figure 7-15

Page 28: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Overview of DNA replication

Page 29: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA replication at the growing fork

Figure 7-16

Page 30: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Synthesizing the lagging strand

Figure 7-17

Page 31: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Unnumbered figure pg 281

Page 32: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The replisome: a remarkable replication machine

Page 33: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Proteins at work at the replication fork

Figure 7-18

Page 34: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA gyrase removes extra twists

Figure 7-19a

Page 35: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA gyrase removes extra twists

Figure 7-19b

Page 36: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Prokaryotic initiation of replication

Figure 7-20

Page 37: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Replication in eukaryotic organisms

Page 38: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Assembling nucleosomes during DNA replication

Figure 7-21

Page 39: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA replication proceeds in two directions

Figure 7-22

Page 40: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA replication proceeds in two directions

Figure 7-22a

Page 41: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

DNA replication proceeds in two directions

Figure 7-22b

Page 42: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Stages of the cell cycle

Figure 7-23

Page 43: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Eukaryotic initiation of replication

Figure 7-24

Page 44: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Telomeres and telomerase: replication termination

Page 45: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The replication problem at chromosome ends

Figure 7-25

Page 46: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Telomere lengthening

Figure 7-26a

Page 47: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

Telomere lengthening

Figure 7-26b

Page 48: CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication CHAPTER 7 DNA: Structure and Replication Copyright 2008 © W H Freeman and Company

The telomeric cap structure

Figure 7-27