Chapter 4—The Human Population and the Environment

Disclaimer: Disclaimer:

The views expressed in this The views expressed in this chapter are not necessarily chapter are not necessarily those of Mrs. Hernandez and/or those of Mrs. Hernandez and/or Marian High SchoolMarian High School

The “Haves” and the “Have-Nots”The United Nations (UN) classifies all The United Nations (UN) classifies all

countries into 3 categories:countries into 3 categories:–High income, highly developedHigh income, highly developed–Middle income, moderately developedMiddle income, moderately developed–Low income, developingLow income, developing

Examples of each????Examples of each????

The Haves (highly developed countries):•16% of global pop., control 81% of wealth

The Have-Nots (low-income, developing countries)•41% of world pop., 3.4% of wealth

United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Human Poverty Index (HPI):

Criteria:Lifespan: probability of living to age 40Knowledge: literacy of adults in pop.Standard of living:

% pop. without a decent, clean water supply% underweight kids under 5 yrs.

Pop. Growth from Haves and Have-Nots:

• Haves: 0.1% growth rate; add less than 1 million people to world pop. per year

• Have-Nots: 1.6% growth rate; add more than 76 million people per year (98% of the total human pop. growth)

Reasons:– Higher fertility rate; greater than 2.0 where 2.0

is replacement level (aver is 3.1 but can be as high as 5.0)

• partially due to more infant and child mortalities.

Fertility rates: a global perspective

Projected world population growth by region

I = P x A x TCalculating human pressure on environment (I):• P = population• A = affluence (wealth)• T = technology

Translation: a small population can have a huge impact on the environment; we (“haves”) are guilty of abusing the environment, perhaps more so than the huge pop. of “have-nots”.

Walk lightly• Human justice and rights

– Nutrition, education, health, employment, safety (from crime, natural disasters), leadership, help from the more fortunate

• Stewardship– Environmental

I = P x A x T

S (S = concern and practice)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvTFKpIaQhM

Assignment:

Summarize: “A Closer Look 4.2: The Prophecy of

Malthus” on p. 68

Explain how each component of the I = P x A x T formula has an impact.

Bring calculator tomorrow.