Chapter 4 Flashcards

Allocution

Allocutionto speak out formally

asset forfeiture

asset forfeiture an economic sanction frequently used under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt

Organizations (RICO) statutes

bail

bailmoney or property pledged to or held by the court to ensure that an arrested and

charged individual will appear for trial

caseload

caseloadnumber of clients assigned to a given supervision officer

community service

community service the offender provides a service to the community as required by the court

diversion

diversionthe process of removing individuals from the formal system of prosecution and

adjudication and placing them in a less-formal treatment system

extrainstitutional punishment

extrainstitutional punishment criminal sanctions administered outside a secure correctional facility

Habeas Corpus Act of 1679

Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 an act of the English parliament allowing the magistrate discretion to release a

prisoner on their own recognizance

halfway house

halfway house community-based supervised residential program generally used as a bridge between

prison and freedom

intensive supervision programs (ISPs)

intensive supervision programs (ISPs)

the monitoring of releasees closely with curfews, multiple weekly contacts with case managers, strict enforcement of conditions, unscheduled drug testing, and community

service

intermediate sanctions

intermediate sanctions extrainstitutional punishments that include all types of correctional programming

between traditional probation and prison

judicial reprieve

judicial reprieve the suspension of a penal sanction for a fixed time; common practice in medieval

English courts

labeling

labelingthe process through which individuals adopt the characteristics of whatever it is they

have been designated by those powerful enough to make the new status stick

mixed caseload

mixed caseload both misdemeanants and felons among the probationers supervised by a Probation

Officer

needs principle

needs principle assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment

net widening

net widening occurs when a diversionary program designed to reduce the overall volume of

contacts with and depth of penetration into the justice system does just the opposite

presentence investigation (PSI)

presentence investigation (PSI) a detailed examination of a defendant’s life prepared by a probation officer,

caseworker, or other court officer

probation

probationthe conditional freedom granted an offender by a court

release on recognizance (ROR)

release on recognizance (ROR) the accused posted a bond or surety deposit with the court

responsivity

responsivitymeasures the risk and need for offender assessment and rehabilitation

restitution

restitutioneither alone or with probation; serves as an economic sanction

risk principle

risk principle assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment

surveillance officers

surveillance officers typically sworn peace officers or other probation employees with limited arrest

powers

technical violation

technical violation a violation of a condition of probation

workload

workloadrefers to the amount of time needed to complete various tasks associated with

supervising clients