CHAPTER 3- CHAPTER 3- Community EcologyCommunity Ecology

This PowerPoint presentation requires you This PowerPoint presentation requires you and a partner to DISCUSS…and a partner to DISCUSS…

I will pick on you to contribute to the I will pick on you to contribute to the discussion, so BE PREPARED!!!discussion, so BE PREPARED!!!

3.1 The Distribution of Organisms3.1 The Distribution of Organisms

Organisms living in the world biomes are Organisms living in the world biomes are specialized to their particular condition specialized to their particular condition

Climate Climate

Long-term pattern Long-term pattern (average) of (average) of temperaturetemperature and and precipitationprecipitation (e.g. (e.g. rain, snow) in an arearain, snow) in an area

Climate and weather Climate and weather are different!!are different!!

WeatherWeather Daily, weekly Daily, weekly variation of temperature variation of temperature and precipitationand precipitation

WEATHER:WEATHER:

Today, Vancouver is Today, Vancouver is sunny and 25 degreessunny and 25 degrees

CLIMATE:CLIMATE:

Vancouver has 100mm of Vancouver has 100mm of average precipitation and average precipitation and an average temperature of an average temperature of 10 degree10 degree

ClimateClimate

Climate determines where different Climate determines where different organisms can/ cannot liveorganisms can/ cannot live

Climate affects the abiotic factors of Climate affects the abiotic factors of ecosystemecosystem

Name some abiotic factors of an Name some abiotic factors of an ecosystem that can be affected ecosystem that can be affected

by by climate. Explain how. climate. Explain how.

ClimateClimateSo why is California hot and sunny, So why is California hot and sunny, while Vancouver is cool and rainy most while Vancouver is cool and rainy most of the time?of the time?

Hopefully, you don’t think that she is the reason why California is “hot”

ClimateClimateDetermined by location on EarthDetermined by location on Earth

1.1. Latitude –distance from equatorLatitude –distance from equator

e.g. Vancouver is at 49e.g. Vancouver is at 49o o NorthNorth

Why is it warmer at the equator and Why is it warmer at the equator and cooler at the poles? cooler at the poles?

How do we get seasons?How do we get seasons?

2. 2. ElevationElevation- height above sea level- height above sea level

ClimateClimate

Climates are affected by wind Climates are affected by wind (Warm air moves from (Warm air moves from equator to pole), driving equator to pole), driving ocean currentsocean currents

Ocean meets continents Ocean meets continents warm moist air cools and warm moist air cools and precipitate precipitate

(e.g. Vancouver!!)(e.g. Vancouver!!) Over mountainsOver mountains Dry Dry

(e.g. Calgary over the Rock (e.g. Calgary over the Rock Mountains)Mountains)

ClimateClimate

Review: World BiomesReview: World Biomes

ADD TO YOUR NOTES/ PAMPHLETADD TO YOUR NOTES/ PAMPHLET

Little precipitation; PermafrostLittle precipitation; Permafrost Small plantsSmall plants Oxen, caribou, fox, squirrels, birds (summer)Oxen, caribou, fox, squirrels, birds (summer)

TundraTundra

More moisture than TundraMore moisture than Tundra Most of CanadaMost of Canada Conifer trees (cones) e.g. pine, firConifer trees (cones) e.g. pine, fir Deer, Moose, elks, birdsDeer, Moose, elks, birds

Boreal Forest (Taiga)Boreal Forest (Taiga)

Temperate Deciduous ForestTemperate Deciduous Forest

Southeastern CanadaSoutheastern Canada Richer soil than boreal forestRicher soil than boreal forest Amphibians, reptiles, small mammals, birdsAmphibians, reptiles, small mammals, birds

Vancouver BC (rare) Thick rich soil (rapid decay on floor) Bears, wolves, cougars, deer, insects, voles, shrews

Temperate RainforestTemperate Rainforest

Low rainfall= No treesLow rainfall= No trees Often converted to farmlandsOften converted to farmlands E.g. SavannasE.g. Savannas Elephants, giraffes, rhinos, rabbits, snakes, Elephants, giraffes, rhinos, rabbits, snakes,

coyotes, hawks, foxescoyotes, hawks, foxes

GrasslandGrassland

Warm, lots of rainWarm, lots of rain Huge biodiversity (different Huge biodiversity (different

species)species) Nutrients are in plants/ animals; Nutrients are in plants/ animals;

soil is infertilesoil is infertile

Tropical RainforestTropical Rainforest

DryDry Adaptation to Adaptation to

conserve water conserve water (e.g. Cactus)(e.g. Cactus)

DesertDesert

Permanent Ice (North & South Poles)Permanent Ice (North & South Poles) No land plants, no herbivoresNo land plants, no herbivores Polar bear, penguins, seals, belugasPolar bear, penguins, seals, belugas

Polar IcePolar Ice

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n-Seasons.jpg http://www.duke.edu/web/nicholas/bio217/rsf4%20awc7/caribou_t

undra.jpg http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2300/2224957164_881f4580f0.jpg?v

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cky_mtns.jpg http://www.joearth.com/images/377_Boreal-Forest-Pondlg.jpghttp://www.joearth.com/images/377_Boreal-Forest-Pondlg.jpg http://z.about.com/d/gocanada/1/0/w/0/-/-/http://z.about.com/d/gocanada/1/0/w/0/-/-/

Stanley_Park_Totem_Poles.jpgStanley_Park_Totem_Poles.jpg http://frysingerreunion.org/1/africa/giraffe01.jpghttp://frysingerreunion.org/1/africa/giraffe01.jpg http://www.birdingpal.org/tours/images/Brazil01.jpghttp://www.birdingpal.org/tours/images/Brazil01.jpg http://www.flipimages.co.uk/imageslandscapes/desert_cactus.jpghttp://www.flipimages.co.uk/imageslandscapes/desert_cactus.jpg http://s3.amazonaws.com/hypertextopia/public/uploads/511/http://s3.amazonaws.com/hypertextopia/public/uploads/511/

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