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Chapter 10 _LTF_011
Cardiovascular Disease Reducing your Risk
Learning Objectives
• Define cardiovascular disease & coronary heart disease.
• Explain the importance of a healthy lifestyle in preventing cardiovascular disease.
• Become familiar with the major risk factors that lead in the development of CHD and stroke
• Assess your own risks.
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 3
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
• More than 35% of all deaths in the U.S. – Most prevalent degenerative condition
• More than 1/3rd of adults have some form of disease of the heart and blood vessels
Cardiovascular System
• Consist of the heart and blood vessels that transport nutrients, oxygen, hormones, metabolic wastes, and enzymes throughout the body.
Types of Cardiovascular Disease
Atherosclerosis (fatty plaque buildup in the arteries)
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
•The greatest killer•40% will die•myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack
Chest Pain (Angina Pectoris)
• A symptom, not a disease
Irregular Heart Beat (arrhythmia)
Know the Warning Signs of a Heart Attack
Stroke
• A stroke (also called a cerebrovascular accident) occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted.
What is an Aneurysm?
• A weakened blood vessel that may bulge under pressure, and, in severe cases, burst.
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 13
Stroke
WHAT ARE YOUR RISK FACTORS?Students -
Primary Risk Factors you can Control
Secondary Risk Factors you can Control
Cholesterol
What does HDL mean?
What does LDL mean?
The goal is to manage the ratio of good cholesterol HDL to your total cholesterol
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 21
Trans Fats
• Should be avoided
– “Partially hydrogenated”
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 22
Elevated Triglycerides
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 23
Elevated Triglycerides
• Triglycerides
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 24
Cigarette Smoking
• Single largest preventable cause of illness and premature death in U.S.
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 25
Hypertension
Blood Pressure is expressed as a ratio
SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC
What is considered a normal Blood Pressure?
120/80 115/75
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 28
Hypertension
Sodium ShockerBREAKFAST LUNCH DINNER
2 pieces whole-wheat toast w/jam 307 mg2 slices of bacon 370mg2 large eggs 358mg
Turkey Sandwich2 slices deli turkey 508 mg1 slice of provolone cheese 249 mg2Slices of w.w. 292 mg1 tsp light mayo 78 mg1 tsp mustard 57 mg1 cup minestrone 698 mg
Salad2 tbsp low-fat ranch dressing 330 mgSpaghetti & meatballs1 cup spaghetti 325 mg½ cup marinara sauce 527 mg4 meatballs, made w/seasoned bread crumbs 743 mg
Subtotal: 1,035 mg Subtotal: 1,882 mg Subtotal: 1,925 mg
GRAND TOTAL
4,842 mg
© Cengage Publishing LPFW 30
Diabetes
What Risk Factors you cannot Control?
• There are 4!
Techniques to Diagnosing Heart Disease +
AssignmentAssess one of your parents
– Assess one of your parents
Don’t forget your assignment on page 321
• You will be assessing one of your parents
• (preferable over the age of 40)
• Open your books and let’s review it.