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7/30/2019 Chapter 1 Pre-history and Pre-historic Art of Europe
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Chapter 1:
Pre-History and Pre-
Historic Art in Europe
Prepared by: Dela Cruz, Maria Lawrence M.
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Paleolithic Period
Divided into three-phases: The Upper Paleolithic period, Middle-Paleolithic period
and Lower Paleolithic Period.
People used arts for them to communicate.
They used stones to build their tools for their everyday living.
Auk
Cosquer Cave, Cap Morgiou,
France 16,500 BCE
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Reconstruction Drawing of Mammoth Bone House
Ukrain 16,000-10,000 BCE
They used the bones of mammoths for their houses.
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Lion Human
Hohlenstein, Stadel, Germany
30,000-26,000 BCE
Woman from Willendurf
22,000-21,000 BCE
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Woman From Ostrava, Petrkovice
Czech Republic 23,000 BCE
Woman from Brassempouy
Grotte Du Pape, Brassempouy, Landes, France 22,000-10,000 BCE
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Pregnant Woman and Deer
Laugerie-Basse, France 14,000-10,000 BCE
Spotted Horse and Human Hands
Pech-Merle Cave, Dordogne, France 16,000 BCE
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Cave Art
Cave art are on cave walls and ceilings, especially those of prehistoric origin. The
earliest such rock art in Europe dates back to the Aurignacan period, approximately
40,000 years ago, and is found in the El Castillo cave in Cantabria, Spain.
Bison on the ceiling
Altamira, Spain 12,000 BCE
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Plan of Lascaux Cave
Dordogne, France
Hall of Bulls
Lascaux Cave 15,000-13,000 BCE
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Bird Headed Man with Bison and Rhinoceros
Lascaux Cave
Bison
Le Tuc d Audoubert, Ariege, France 13,000 BCE
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Portable Art
Portable art (sometimes called mobiliary art) refers to the small examples
of Prehistoric art that could be carried from place to place, typically made during
the Upper Paleolithic.
Ibex-headed Spear Thrower
Le Mas d Azil, Ariege, France
16,000-13,000 BCE
Lamp with Ibex Design
La Mouthe Cave, Dordogne,
France 15,000-13,000 BCE
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Neolithic Period
They started to raise animals and plants.
Known as the new Stone
Rock-shelter Art
Rock art is an archaeological term used to refer to human-made markings placed
on natural stone. A global phenomenon, rock art is found in many different
regions of the world, having been produced in many different contexts throughout
human history, although the majority of rock art that has been ethnographically
recorded has been produced as a part of ritual.
Women and Animals
Cogul, Lerida, Spain 4,000-2,000 BCE
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Radiometric Dating
Radiometric dating a method for determining the age of an object based on the
concentration of a particular radioactive isotope contained within it.
Plan, Village of Skara Brae
Skara Brae
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Corbelling
Corbellingan overlapping arrangement of bricks or stones in which eachcourse extends farther out from the vertical of the wall than the course below.
House Interior, Skara Brae
Skara,Brae
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Dolmen and Cairn
A dolmen, also known as a portal tomb, portal grave, or quoit, is a type of
single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of three or more upright
stones supporting a large flat horizontal capstone (table).
Cairn is a term used for a man-made pile (or stack) of stones. Cairns are found
all over the world in uplands, on moorland, on mountaintops, near waterways and
on sea cliffs, and also in barren desert and tundra areas.
Tomb Interior with corbelling and engraved stones
New grange, Ireland
3,000-2,500 BCE
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Menhir and Cromlechs
Menhir is an upright standing stone. Menhirs may be found singly
as monoliths, or as part of a group of similar stones.
Cromlech is prehistoric megalithic structures, where crom means "bent" or
"curved" and llech means "slab" or "flagstone".
Menhir alignments at Menec
Menec, Carnac, France
4,250-3,750 BCE
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Stonehenge
Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England 2,750-1,500 BCE
Menhir Statue of a Woman
Montagnac, France 2,000 BCE
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Man and Woman from Cernavoda
Cernavoda, Romania 4,000-3500 BCE
Vessels from Denmark
Denmark 3000-2000 BCE
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Bronze Age
They started using metals for their everyday tools.
Niello
Niello is a black mixture ofcopper, silver, and lead sulphides, used as
an inlay on engraved or etched metal. It can be used for filling in designs cut from
metal.
Horse and Sun Chariot
Trundholm, Zealand, Denmark
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper7/30/2019 Chapter 1 Pre-history and Pre-historic Art of Europe
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