Chapter 1 - Introduction This slide presentation is designed to be viewed as a Slide Show. If viewed...
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Chapter 1 - Introduction This slide presentation is designed to be viewed as a Slide Show. If viewed as a Slide Show your will be able to observe the animation
Chapter 1 - Introduction This slide presentation is designed to
be viewed as a Slide Show. If viewed as a Slide Show your will be
able to observe the animation and you should have functional
hyperlinks. When in the Slide Show view, click to advance the
slide. If the presentation is working very slowly, you may want to
save it to your computer and then run the show. I hope you find
this presentation interesting.
Slide 2
Remember September 11, 2001 When I originally created this
presentation, it was shortly after Sept. 11. When I updated my
slides, I couldnt delete these slides. I think we just have to
remember! Click to advance slide
Slide 3
God may give you mercy, but we will not! Senator John
McCain
Slide 4
COMPUTER LITERACY Knowing how to use a computer Knowledge and
understanding of computers and how they are used in society
Slide 5
What Is a Computer? A computer is an electronic device,
operating under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory Accepts data (Input) Manipulates Data (Processing) Produces
information (Output) Information Processing Cycle
Slide 6
D I Data are changed into Information (Facts)(Useful Form)
Input Process Output StorageCommunications
Slide 7
What is Green computing? Involves reducing the electricity
consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
Strategies include: Recycling Regulating manufacturing processes
Extending the life of computers Immediately donating or properly
disposing of replaced computers
Slide 8
THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER Input Devices Output Devices
System Unit contains Processing Devices CPU & Main Memory (RAM)
Storage Devices Communications Devices InputProcessOutput
Storage
Slide 9
Input Process Output Storage Input Output Communications
Input
Slide 10
What is the system unit? Case that contains electronic
components of the computer used to process data system unit
Slide 11
What are common components inside the system unit? Circuitry
Processor Memory Adapter cards Sound card Modem card Video card
Network card power supply ports drive bays processor memory sound
card video card modem card network card
Slide 12
What is the motherboard? Main circuit board in system unit
Contains adapter cards, processor chips, and memory chips processor
chip adapter cards memory chips memory slots motherboard Expansion
slots for adapter cards
Slide 13
What is storage? Storage holds data, instructions, and
information for future use Storage media Physical material on which
data is stored Hard disks, CD &DVDs, flash media more Floppy
disks (no more, obsolete!) Storage device The mechanism that
retrieves & records (reads/writes) data to and from the storage
media
Slide 14
Types of storage media Hard disks, flash media, CDs & DVDs,
floppy disks, others?
Slide 15
What are communication devices? Hardware that enables a
computer to send & receive data Modem Network card Transmission
media Cables, telephone lines, radio networks, satellites and
other? Check WebopediaWebopedia for a definition
Slide 16
Why use a computer? Why is a computer so powerful? Speed
Reliability Accuracy Storage Communications Close to the speed of
light Low failure rate Process error free GIGO ! Total &
instant recall Share resources: devices & data Garbage In
Garbage Out
Slide 17
What is Computer Software? Computer programs A series of
instructions that tells the computer hardware how to perform tasks
Two general categories of software Application Software System
Software Operating system Utility program
Slide 18
Systems Software Coordinates hardware and runs application
software Operating system User interface Graphical user interface
(GUI icons & menus) Microsoft Windows 98, ME & 2000, XP,
Windows 7 Utility programs Help manage the computer, its devices
& programs Examples include: Uninstall, format disks, add
printers, etc.
Slide 19
Application Software Performs specific tasks Word Processing
Spreadsheet Database Presentation Graphics Many other tasks
Slide 20
How do we obtain software? The operating system is usually
bundled with the computer when purchased Some applications may be
bundled with the computer Packaged software Custom software
Shareware Freeware and public-domain software
Slide 21
COMPUTER SOFTWARE Software Development Computer programmers
Programming languages Visual Basic C++ Java Systems analyst Works
with users & programmers to design programs
Slide 22
What are the elements of an Information System? When System
Analysts work with an information system they must consider all of
the elements Hardware Software Data People Procedures
Slide 23
What is a Network? A collection of computers & devices
Sharing connected resources Hardware (often wireless) Software Data
Local Area Network LAN Office & close buildings like a campus
Wide Area Network WAN Large geographic area like to U Mary
Fargo
Slide 24
What is a server? A server manages the resources on a network
Clients access the resources on the server
Slide 25
What is the Internet? A worldwide collection of networks
Slide 26
Slide 27
What is the Web? The World Wide Web is a service on or a part
of the Internet Connects Web sites containing Web pages through a
means of hyperlinks
Slide 28
What is the Internet/Web used for? Internet uses: E-mail
Accessing Information Shopping Meeting people social networking
(Facebook) Entertainment Remember that the World Wide Web is one
part/a service on the Internet Web browsers help navigate the WWW
Microsoft Internet Explorer Netscape Navigator
Slide 29
What is social networking? A Web site that encourages members
to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos
with other registered users
Slide 30
The Personal Computer category What are the Seven Categories of
Computers? Desktop computers includes 1 Two popular architectures
are: 1. PCs & 2. MACs (Apple)
Slide 31
Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage
activities by itself If the PC is not connected to another (host)
computer It is said to be a stand alone computer PERSONAL
COMPUTERS
Slide 32
What is a Workstation? Tower Model A very powerful PC (desktop)
used for intense calculations & graphic intensive applications
(graphic art, desktop publishing, multimedia, etc.)
Slide 33
1. Personal computers CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS Mobile Computers
Notebook or laptop Tablet PC 2 Mobile Devices Smart Phones Digital
cameras E-book readers Media players
Slide 34
What is a Tablet PC? Useful for taking handwritten notes.
Allows you to write on the screen using a digital pen
Slide 35
3 - Game Consoles? A mobile computer using handheld controllers
as input devices. Surgeons hone skills using the Wii system.
Slide 36
Mobile Computers Click on the blackberry above to start the
video tobacco
Slide 37
Mobile Computers Click the Smart Cards to view a video
Slide 38
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS Servers CControl the access to
hardware, software, & data PProvide a centralized storage area
4 1. Personal computers 2. Mobile computers 3. Game Consoles
Slide 39
Mainframe computers 1. Personal computers 2. Mobile computers
3. Game Consoles 5 4. Servers
Slide 40
Than Servers VVery powerful & expensive CCan handle
hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously Mainframe
Computers are
Slide 41
Fastest, most powerful computers Able to process more than one
quadrillion instructions per second and growing! 1 quadrillion =
1,000 trillion 6 SUPERCOMPUTERS
Slide 42
How fast are these supercomputers? FLOP = a floating point
operation (I think it is a mathematical calculation of fractions.)
I am going to think about one mathematical calculation. Kilo =
1,000 mathematical calculation per second Mega = 1,000,000 (a
million) Giga = 1,000,000,000 (a billion; current PCs) Tera =
1,000,000,000,000 (a trillion) Peta = 1,000,000,000,000,000 (one
quadrillion) Currently (July, 2011) a Japanese supercomputer
running at 8 petaflops is the worlds fastest computer Lets try to
understand the terminology used in the video (next slide).
Slide 43
Click to view video
Slide 44
7 - Embedded computers? A special-purpose computer that
functions as a component in a larger product Consumer Electronics
Mobile and digital telephones Digital televisions Cameras Video
recorders DVD players and recorders Answering machines Home
Automation Devices Thermostats Sprinkling systems Security
monitoring systems Appliances Lights Automobiles Antilock brakes
Engine control modules Airbag controller Cruise control Process
Controllers and Robotics Remote monitoring systems Power monitors
Machine controllers Medical devices Computer Devices and Office
Machines Keyboards Printers Faxes Copiers
Slide 45
Examples of Computer Applications in Society p. 32-36 Figs.
1-361-43 Education Finance Government Healthcare Science Publishing
Travel Industry
Slide 46
Video: Computer History in a Barn CLICK TO START
Slide 47
History of Computers Click on the rectangle above to start the
video 300 computers in 140 seconds
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uudHO9PBGRc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uudHO9PBGRc back to resultsck to
results
Slide 48
Embedded Computers Click on the rectangle above to start the
video Smart Dust Micro Computers 2:30 minute video