Chapter 1: Concepts of Chapter 1: Concepts of Health and WellnessHealth and Wellness

Power of ChoicePower of Choice

Most of today’s health problems are Most of today’s health problems are lifestyle related and preventablelifestyle related and preventable

Leads to hypokinetic diseasesLeads to hypokinetic diseasesResult of sedentary lifestyleResult of sedentary lifestyle

Leading causes of death: CV disease, Leading causes of death: CV disease, cancer, and strokecancer, and stroke

Exercise is PowerExercise is Power

We need to be a health prevention We need to be a health prevention societysociety

We choose to be a health care We choose to be a health care societysociety

No single drug that can positively No single drug that can positively affect the human body and its health affect the human body and its health status the way regular exercise canstatus the way regular exercise can

Hypokinetic DiseasesHypokinetic Diseases

Coronary Artery DiseaseCoronary Artery DiseaseHypertensionHypertensionObesityObesityOsteoporosisOsteoporosisMaturity Onset DiabetesMaturity Onset DiabetesUlcersUlcersStressStressLow Back PainLow Back Pain

What Is Health?What Is Health?

The absence of diseaseThe absence of diseaseHealth is a state of complete physical, Health is a state of complete physical,

emotional, and social health, not emotional, and social health, not merely the freedom from disease and merely the freedom from disease and illnessillness

Health is a personal valueHealth is a personal valueHealth is measurableHealth is measurableState of complete health, difficult, if State of complete health, difficult, if

not impossible to attain.not impossible to attain.

Components of HealthComponents of Health

Physical HealthPhysical HealthMental HealthMental HealthSocial HealthSocial Health Intellectual HealthIntellectual HealthSpiritual HealthSpiritual HealthBalance these and you will have a Balance these and you will have a

good state of healthgood state of health

Physical HealthPhysical Health

Based on biological integrity of the bodyBased on biological integrity of the body Physiological and structural characteristics Physiological and structural characteristics

that enable ADLsthat enable ADLs Susceptibility to diseaseSusceptibility to disease Body weightBody weight Visual acuityVisual acuity StrengthStrength CoordinationCoordination EnduranceEndurance Recovery Recovery

Mental HealthMental Health

Deal positively with changeDeal positively with changeHandle stresses wellHandle stresses wellRequires exploration of thoughts and Requires exploration of thoughts and

feelingsfeelingsSelf-esteem, self-acceptance, self-Self-esteem, self-acceptance, self-

confidence, self-control, and self-confidence, self-control, and self-actualizationactualization

Social HealthSocial Health

Interpersonal relationshipsInterpersonal relationshipsGood communication skillsGood communication skillsNetwork of caring peopleNetwork of caring peopleAvoid negative situationsAvoid negative situations

Intellectual HealthIntellectual Health

Ability to absorb, understand, and Ability to absorb, understand, and utilize informationutilize information

Ability to thinkAbility to think

Spiritual HealthSpiritual Health

Belief in a higher powerBelief in a higher powerIncludes altruistic behaviorsIncludes altruistic behaviorsDenotes love, peace, joy (notice Denotes love, peace, joy (notice

absence of anger and tearing down absence of anger and tearing down others)others)

Scientific studies show that those with a Scientific studies show that those with a spiritual component live longer, spiritual component live longer, healthier, happier liveshealthier, happier lives

Definition of WellnessDefinition of Wellness

A process that will lead to optimal A process that will lead to optimal functioningfunctioning

Wellness behaviors are observableWellness behaviors are observableHealth is a statusHealth is a statusWellness is a processWellness is a process

Involves a zest for livingInvolves a zest for living

Why Physical Fitness?Why Physical Fitness?

40% Americans exercise regularly??40% Americans exercise regularly??Out of shape and overweightOut of shape and overweight

27% do not exercise at all27% do not exercise at all61% are overweight (100 million +)61% are overweight (100 million +)

• More money is spent annually treating heart disease than any other illness.

• 275 billion dollars spent in 1997

• $37 million per hour

• $ 617,000 per minute

Economic Cost of Hypokinetic Disease

Hypokinetic Diseases Pose a Hypokinetic Diseases Pose a Real Threat To Our NationReal Threat To Our Nation

A result of lifestyle choices.A result of lifestyle choices.Lifestyle choices account for 52% of Lifestyle choices account for 52% of

the deaths in our nationthe deaths in our nationLifestyle choices have the greatest Lifestyle choices have the greatest

effect on the health of our nation.effect on the health of our nation.

Top Three Causes of Death Top Three Causes of Death AnnuallyAnnually

TobaccoTobacco400,000 400,000

Physical Inactivity/DietPhysical Inactivity/Diet300,000300,000

AlcoholAlcohol100,000100,000

US Surgeon General’s ReportUS Surgeon General’s Report

““Regular moderate physical activity Regular moderate physical activity provides substantial benefits in provides substantial benefits in health and well-being for the vast health and well-being for the vast majority; preventing premature majority; preventing premature death, unnecessary illness, and death, unnecessary illness, and disability. Lack of regular physical disability. Lack of regular physical activity is a serious threat to the activity is a serious threat to the health of our nation.”health of our nation.”

Physical FitnessPhysical Fitness

The capacity to adapt and respond The capacity to adapt and respond favorably to physical effort.favorably to physical effort.

The ability to engage in daily living The ability to engage in daily living activities without undue fatigue.activities without undue fatigue.

Activity must be regular to maintain Activity must be regular to maintain fitness levelsfitness levels

Physical activity vs. physical exercisePhysical activity vs. physical exercise

Benefits of Being Physically Benefits of Being Physically FitFit

Lowers risk of chronic diseases and Lowers risk of chronic diseases and illness (CAD, cancer, strokes)illness (CAD, cancer, strokes)

Decreases mortality rate from chronic Decreases mortality rate from chronic diseasesdiseases

Improves QUALITY of lifeImproves QUALITY of life Improves posture and appearanceImproves posture and appearanceRegulates and improves all body Regulates and improves all body

functionsfunctionsHypertrophy (size, strength, power)Hypertrophy (size, strength, power)

Benefits Cont’dBenefits Cont’d

Develops greater lean body massDevelops greater lean body mass Increases size and strength of the Increases size and strength of the

heartheart Increases vascular systemIncreases vascular system Increases blood volumeIncreases blood volumeLowers resting heart rateLowers resting heart rateLowers blood pressureLowers blood pressureHelps prevent Type II DiabetesHelps prevent Type II Diabetes

Benefits Cont’dBenefits Cont’d Helps sleeping patternsHelps sleeping patterns Prevents chronic back painPrevents chronic back pain Reduces anxiety / stressReduces anxiety / stress Extends Extends LONGEVITYLONGEVITY Reverses the aging processReverses the aging process

Chronological age vs. functional ageChronological age vs. functional age Motivates positive lifestyle changesMotivates positive lifestyle changes Helps control weightHelps control weight

Economic Benefits of Being Economic Benefits of Being Physically FitPhysically Fit

Lower medical costs (fewer insurance Lower medical costs (fewer insurance claims)claims)

Increased job productivityIncreased job productivityDecreased absenteeism , depression, Decreased absenteeism , depression,

and job turnoverand job turnoverPrevention of disabilityPrevention of disability

If If exerciseexercise could be could be

packaged into packaged into a pill, it would a pill, it would be the most be the most

widely widely prescribed prescribed drug in the drug in the history of history of mankind.mankind.

Medical HistoryMedical History

Helps identify potential problemsHelps identify potential problemsShould be incorporated with a Should be incorporated with a

thorough physical examthorough physical examLab 1ELab 1ESelf-assessment: Lab 1D

ConsentsConsents

Lab 1A: Participate in physical Lab 1A: Participate in physical activityactivity

Lab 1B: Participate in fitness Lab 1B: Participate in fitness evaluationsevaluations