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O’ Hair, Dan, Stewart, Rob, Rubenstein, Hannah, A Speaker’s Guidebook, Bedford St. Martin (2009)
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23The Informative
Speech
Objectives of Informative Speaking
To communicate knowledge. To raise audience awareness about a topic. To provide additional information to
audience’s current knowledge base. To shape perceptions. To demonstrate how something works. To describe an event.
Types of Informational Speeches
About objects or phenomena About people About events About processes About issues About complex concepts
• Table 23.1
Defining Information
Etymology: By illustrating the root or historical meanings of the term
Operational: By explaining what it does Negation: By describing what it is not Example: By providing concrete examples of it Synonym: By comparing it with something it is
like
Speeches of Demonstration
“How-to” speech, be prepared to use objects, models, or diagrams to demonstrate the process.
Choose topics that are unusual – items that you’ve never seen demonstrated before which you know how to do.
Speeches of Explanation
Provide detailed descriptions of persons, places, or things.
Provide reasons or causes for the concept. Demonstrate relationships between two
things. Offer interpretation and analysis about the
item.
Strategies for Reducing Confusion
Use analogies to build on prior knowledge
Demonstrate underlying causes Check audience for understanding Appeal to different learning styles
Organizing the Informative Speech
Choose the speech pattern that best fits the type of informative speech you are giving.
Organize your main points appropriately to the speech pattern.
Match your audio/visual aids to the speech pattern.
Matching Speech Type & Pattern
OBJECTS – spatial or topical
PEOPLE – topical, narrative, or chronological
EVENTS – topical, chronological, causal, or narrative
PROCESSES – chronological, spatial, or causal
CONCEPTS – topical, causal, or circular
ISSUES – topical, chronological, causal, circular
Bibliography
O’ Hair, Dan, Stewart, Rob, Rubenstein, Hannah, A Speaker’s Guidebook, Bedford St. Martin (2009)