Challenges of Ps Planning

Abstract --This paper presents an overview of Indian power system transmission and its plann ing. Some of the impo rtant asp ects rel ate d to power sys tem dev el opment are dis cus sed briefly. The presence and advantages of national grid has been expl ored. Private sector parti cipati on in pursua nce to Govt. of India ’s liber aliz ation policy in transmission sector has been critically analyzed. Index Terms -- Po wer sy stem Pl anni ng, Chal lenges, Strategies, Super Grid, EHV System, Integration of grid. I.INTRODUCTION he ob je ct ive of th e powe r system pl an ni ng is to det ermine the ti ming and typ e of new tra nsmiss ion facilities required in order to provide adequate transmission network capability to cope with generation capacity additions and loa d flow requir eme nts . The pro cess of tra nsmiss ion system planning is a continuous effort which is repeated with diminishing detail for each year of a long range (say 10 – 15 years) planning horizon with the key objective to minimize the long range capital investment and operating costs involved in providing an adequ ate level of system reliabil ity with due consi derat ion of environmental and other relevant issu es. The reb y, Net wor ks are evo lve d ove r the yea rs ra the r tha n planned in a clear-cut manner and then left untouched. T The power system planning concept in our country have undergone an evolutionary change since independence and we have come a long way from having almost no transmission system before independence to the formation of national grid and now we are on the threshold of formation of Super Grid. However, still the power supply situation in the country is characterized by shortage of peak power and energy and the situation is likely to continue in the foreseeable future also. This is generally because there has always been a wide gap between planning and implementation of generation projects. During recent times, this gap has further increased mainly due to severe res our ce const rai nts. Esp eci all y in the XI pla n period (2007-12), Indian Power sector may face a jolt due to quite low capacity additions. To meet with the energy crunch, the maximum utilization of the available capacity is the need of hour. This offers a major challenge to the power system planners to develop and optimize the system so that increased demand can be met with min imu m inv est men t but with security and reliability. This situation may necessitate taking up of several sch emes for transmission system enhancement/ reinforcement unre la ted to additi on of generation capacity the justification of which may not be a smooth sailing for system planner. 1 A. Paikray, 2 S. R. Satpathy, 3 M. K. Kar and 4 G.R. Biswal are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Scholars, VSS University of Technology, Burla, Odisha. 1 email:[email protected], 2 email:[email protected] 3 email:[email protected], 4 email:[email protected] Some of the important aspects related to the power system development and its planning in India have been discussed in the following paragraphs: II.GENESIS The genesis of development plans for the power sector indica tes that tho ugh the power sec tor has bee n a pri ori ty sector in Indian planners, due importance has not been given to the development of transmission and distribution systems. All along priority has been given to the generation capacity additi on aspect s tha n to the transmiss ion and dis tri but ion (T&D) aspects. In fact the share of T&D outlay has been progr essive ly decre asing with time . For example the T&D outlay in the first five year plan period (1952-57) was about 53.9% of the total outlay in power sector which has come down to 25.9% in 1991-92. Further there had been tendency to achieve the short term goal rather than to pursue integrated long te rm obje ct iv es. As a result the growth of the tra nsmiss ion sys tem has not bee n commen sur ate wit h the growth of power generation capacity addition considering the length and breadth of the country. III. LOAD FORECASTING Load forecasting is the starting point for power system pla nni ng and dev elopme nt, acc ura cy and eff ect ive ness of which sole ly de pe nd s upon the ac cura cy of the lo ad forecasting. Therefore, the emphasis has to be la id on making short term as well as long term load forecasting as accurately as possible so that the transmission system can be planned wit h greate r foresight for opt ima l and ec onomic sys tem development. At present, load growth in various regions is ver y uneven re sul ting in concentra tio n of loa d at cer tai n cente rs e.g. Delhi, Bomba y, Indor e, Banga lore, Hyderabad etc. This le ads to seve ral pr ob le ms whil e pl an ni ng transmission systems. Therefore, emphasis has to be given for uniform load development in the region as far as possible. IV. GENERATION PLANNING Past experience has shown that the firm identification of generation project has left much to be desired, especially over a longer prospective. System planners plan and design their sys tem bas ed on certai n ass umptio n for a par tic ula r time frame considering all the generation which is to come by that time fra me. Over the yea rs it has bee n see n tha t the re is yawning gap between planning and implementation. This has lead to either redundancy of the system or overloading of the system due to obvious reasons but for no fault of the system planne r. This entails that a syst ematic approac h should be adopted for planning of the generation projects. Also there should be fir m ide nti fic ati on of all the ma jor gen era ting Challenges in Power System Planning in India & its Strategies A. Paikra y, S. R. Sat pathy , M. K. Kar and G. R. Bi swa l 1

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Challenges of Ps Planning