CFR 250/590 Introduction to GIS, Autumn 1999 3-D Analysis & Surface Modeling © Phil Hurvitz, 1999-2000vector_analysis_1.ppt 1 Overview 3D Analysis &

© Phil Hurvitz, 1999-2000

CFR 250/590 Introduction to GIS, Autumn 1999

vector_analysis_1.ppt 1

3-D Analysis & Surface Modeling

Overview

• 3D Analysis & Modeling

• A new ArcView document type: the 3D scene document

• Data sources for 3D display and analysis

• 3D visualization

• Surface modeling

• Visibility Analysis





3D Analysis & Modeling

•view 3D data sets

•convert 2D data to 3D





3D Analysis & Modeling

•feature extrusion





3D Scene Document

new document type





3D Scene Document

• TOC & viewer in separate windows





The 3D scene GUI

selection of 3D shapes or other vector features

selection of 3D graphical primitives

navigate zoom buttons rotate viewer

save as BMP or JPEG





Data sources for 3D display and analysis

• Grid data sources

• TIN data sources

• 2D shapefiles and raster data

• 3D shapefiles





Grid data sources

•Typical grid data sets from Spatial Analyst

•Create from any other supported data set

•Download DEM data

•Displayed in 3D based on cell values





TIN data sources

•Different vector data type

•Triangulated Irregular Network

•Point, line, and polygon features





TIN data sources

•Complex structure where necessary to model surface





2D shapefiles and raster data

•any 2-D theme can be displayed draped over a surface

•streams

•contour lines

•digital orthophoto





3D shapefiles: A new feature type

•2-D shapefiles have only X & Y coordinates

•3-D shapefiles incorporate a Z coordinate

•Z-value can represent any numerical phenomenon

•Any 2-D shapefile can be converted to a 3-D shapefile

•Conversion based on a constant, attribute value, or surface model





3D visualization

• Legend editing

• Seeing 2D features in 3D by draping and extruding

• Navigation and moving around in real-time

• Real-time perspective viewing





3D visualization: Legend editing

•display of TIN can be altered

•point

•line

•polygon





3D visualization: Seeing 2D features in 3D by draping and extruding

•display of 2-D theme can be altered

•offsets

•extrusion

•base height of feature





3D visualization: Seeing 2D features in 3D by draping

•DEM & streamsdraped on DEM

•orthophoto & streamsdraped on DEM





3D visualization: Seeing 2D features in 3D by extruding

•plot centers extruded by attribute value

•streams extruded by constant





Navigating the 3D Scene Document

navigate tool





3D visualization: Navigation and moving around in real-time





Surface modeling

• Contouring

• Profiling

• Color hillshade mapping

• Steepest descent

• Viewshed and visibility

• Slope and aspect calculation





Surface modeling: Contouring





•line shows green (visible)red (not visible)

Surface modeling: Profiling

•surface profile generated





Surface modeling: Color hillshade mapping

•draping with color ramping





Surface modeling: Color hillshade mapping

•draping, color ramping, and hillshading





Surface modeling: Steepest descent

•Steepest descent tool; use with TIN





Surface modeling: Viewshed and visibility

•calculation of areasvisible from a point





Surface modeling: Slope and aspect calculation

•slope for each cell

•aspect for each cell

Documents

CFR 250/590 Introduction to GIS, Autumn 1999 3-D Analysis & Surface Modeling © Phil Hurvitz, 1999-2000vector_analysis_1.ppt 1 Overview 3D Analysis &