Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi

WATER SCENARIO IN JHARKHAND

Centre for Science and EnvironmentNew Delhi

• Area – 79,714 sq km• Population - 26.9 million

(Growth rate is 23.19 per cent)

• Urban - 5.9 million (21 percent)– 152 towns– 39,386 average population

• Rural - 20.9 million (79 per cent)– 32,615 villages– 642 average population

JHARKHAND: AT A GLANCE

• Annual average rainfall 1400 mm

• Water harvesting potential = 112 TMC(Area x amount of rainfall = volume of water received)

WATER RESOURCES

• 16 river basins • Total replenishable groundwater resources in

1998 was 0.660 million hectares metres per year • Provision for domestic, industrial and other uses -

0.099 mhm/year• Available groundwater resource for irrigation -

0.561mhm/year (net)• Groundwater extraction - 0.121 mhm/year (net draft)• Balance Ground Water Resources for Future Use in

net terms - 0.439 mhm/year

WATER RESOURCES

• Fresh water sources• Ponds and tanks – 29,335 (30300.07 hectares)• Reservoirs – 106 (107351 ha)• Low lying areas – 1038 ha• Traditional water harvesting systems - Ahar

WATER RESOURCES

INFERENCE: WATER IN ABUNDANCE

REALITY?

WATER PROBLEMS!!• 90 – 95 per cent of the rainfall is wasted as untapped runoff

• Depleting groundwater

• 22 districts – the entire state were affected by drought in 2002

• Floods affected 150,000 lives

• 113 blocks of 13 districts - drought conditions prevailed in 2003

• Surface and groundwater contamination (biological, heavy metals – fluoride, manganese, nickel and sulphate)

100 mm of rain captured on 1 hectare of land gives you, believe it or not, one million litres of water.

• 1400 mm of rain on 1 hectare 14 million litres of water

• Jharkhand = 1400 mm rainfall in 79,714 sq km = 112 TMC (50 per cent being harvested 56 TMC or 56000000000000 litres

• Urban = 12.28 TMC ; Rural = 43.5 TMC

RAINWATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL

• For more information write to us at: water@cseindia.org

or

call us at 011-29955124/125