CellularCommunication

Hormones & Nerves

• Title

• Date

• U3-11

Nerves

• Fast signals

• Don’t last

• Target’s a specific area

cerebrum

cerebellum

spinal cord cervicalnerves

thoracicnerves

lumbarnerves

femoral nerve

sciatic nerve

tibialnerve

A Nerve Cell - Neuron

dendrites

cell body

axon

synapse

• Neuron – a nerve cell

signal direction

signaldirection

Synapse

Synapse

Junction between nerve cells– 1st cell releases chemical to trigger

next cell (can be any cell)– this is where drugs affect nervous

system

Regulation by chemical messengers

axon

target cell

• Neurotransmitters released by neurons

receptor proteins

neurotransmitter

Hormones• Slow signals

• Last long term

• Target’s the whole organism

liver

pancreas

liver

Regulation of Blood Sugar

blood sugar level(90mg/100ml)

insulin

body cells takeup sugar

from blood

liver storessugar

reducesappetite

glucagon

pancreas

liver releases

sugartriggershunger

high

low

FeedbackHormone Control

Reproductive Hormones

• Testosterone– from testes– sperm production &

secondary sexual characteristics

• Estrogen– from ovaries– egg production,

preparing uterus for fertilized egg & secondary sexual characteristics

Reproductive Hormones

• Large scale body changes– how do they work

• turn genes on• Make new

proteins

Regulation by chemical messengers

endocrine gland

receptor proteins

target cell

• Hormones released by cells

hormone carried by blood

How do we get different cells with different proteins within the body if they all have the

same DNA?

How do we get different cells with different proteins within the body if they all have the

same DNA?

Cell Specialization

• Cells get a chemical message from the environment or another cell.

• Receptor proteins pick it up.

• Turns genes on or off.• This causes stem

cells to differentiate.

Specialized Cells

• Visit the stations.

• Read the information.

• Look at the pictures and microscopes

• Fill in everything on both sheets.

• You may need the text book for some answers.

• They are due at the end of the class.