CEEA 2014 Survey: Canadian Business Attitudes on Energy Efficiency

CEEA 2014 Survey: Canadian Business Attitudes on Energy

Efficiency

2Contributors

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction, Foreword & Methodology 3

Key Findings 6

Concern About Energy Costs 9

Views About Energy Efficiency 13

Energy Efficiency: What Companies Are Doing 19

Incentives & Programs 34

Building & Design – The Commercial Market 42

Building & Design – Architects & Builders 46

Appendix 62

3

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Contributors

CEEA

Elizabeth McDonaldPresident and CEO

Sylvie PowellVice President, Member Services and Operations

The Gandalf Group

David HerlePrincipal Partner

Alexander SwannVice President

Working Committee

Steve Clayman, Thermal Insulation Association of CanadaBob Collins, Ontario Power AuthorityJames Grant, EnbridgeJay Nordenstrom, NAIMA Canada

About CEEA

The Canadian Energy Efficiency Alliance (CEEA) is a leading independent advocate promoting the economic and environmental benefits of energy efficiency. The not-for-profit works with the federal and provincial governments, and stakeholders, to ensure energy efficiency is a priority for all sectors of the economy. Producing studies and surveys as it promotes energy efficient public policy ideas, programs and standards; CEEA is an effective resource for policy makers, businesses, consumers, energy companies and environmental groups.

About The Gandalf Group

The Gandalf Group is a leading provider of public opinion research, strategic communications advice and issues management. For more information visit www.gandalfgroup.ca

Thank You to Our CONTRIBUTORS

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CEO ForewordDo Canadian businesses get energy efficiency? After exploring Canadian consumer attitudes on energy efficiency in last year’s survey we felt it made sense to turn our attention to the corporate sector. We wanted to find out how important energy savings were to a company’s bottom-line, and if it wasn’t important why not. Of course this is a huge task, but we are up to the challenge. Working with The Gandalf Group we’ve collected provincial and national data from detailed phone surveys that will give us a new perspective. Energy costs must be accounted for whether businesses own or rent their space, or are in a high-rise or low-rise. The question is how much are businesses willing to spend in up-front investments to make energy-saving measurements? Businesses are important because they occupy buildings and buildings account for over 30 per cent of global CO2 emissions and 40 per cent of global energy use. Space heating, lighting, and space cooling represent close to half of commercial site energy consumption. Our findings will give members a tool to increase the effectiveness of their efforts with Canadian businesses. The case for getting businesses to invest in energy efficiency lies in delivering a better bottom-line. We need energy efficiency programs to resonate with the business sector and encourage benchmarking. This survey will help us understand how to get them to take action. Elizabeth McDonaldPresident and CEOCEEA

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Methodology

The Gandalf Group conducted a survey of n=661 Canadian companies by telephone on behalf of the Canadian Energy Efficiency Alliance, between March 21st and April 8th, 2014.

The survey was fielded with two main groups of companies and organizations with varying questions depending on type: Building sample: Architecture and Construction firms Business sample: A range of small, medium and large

businesses & organizations from the complete range of Canadian NAICS industrial sectors

Surveys were conducted with senior company decision-makers at small, medium and large or who oversee or are knowledgeable about their organization’s energy costs and energy efficiency practices (& among building sector companies, those who are knowledgeable about energy efficient design or building codes).

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Key Findings

Most companies are concerned about energy costs and have made upfront investments in order to become energy efficiency.

But there is much more to do: less than half have set targets for reductions in energy consumption and most admit they are not doing all they could do to be more energy efficient.

Smaller employers as well as those that rent space for their operations are less concerned about energy costs than others.

Companies that are most concerned about energy costs are larger employers as well as those that are using gasoline, diesel or propane in addition to electricity and gas. These types of companies are especially engaged.

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Key Findings

The institutional/public sector is somewhat further ahead of the other sectors in implementing energy efficiency measures.

Industrial, construction, retail, accommodation and other sectors are mostly engaged.

Sectors that are less energy intensive are less likely to have made energy efficiency as high a priority – i.e. real estate/property owners and other services sector companies have not made this as high a priority as other sectors.

Companies are primarily focused on improving lighting efficiency and secondarily heating and air conditioning efficiency.

Cost is an important barrier to doing more and so incentives are top of mind in terms of what would help these companies make further improvement.

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Key Findings

Most company representatives said they would support moving ahead with stricter building codes, even if it raised the cost of real estate, if it improved energy efficiency.

Builders and architects see a growing market in energy efficient building design and construction.

Most architects are familiar with green-certification programs.

Yet only a minority of builders and designers feel they will be able to participate in this growth market unless or until building codes are amended to put all businesses on an even playing field with higher energy efficiency standards.

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Concern About Energy Costs

Energy costs are a concern for most Canadian companies. This is the case for most in every industrial sector surveyed. Concern is especially high among larger companies and

those that consume gasoline, diesel & propane in addition to electricity and gas.

Smaller companies are less concerned as are those that rent (60% very concerned) compared to those that own property they use for their for their operations (81%).

While most in the real estate & services sector (excluding retail & hospitality) are concerned about energy costs they are less concerned than others.

Most (61%) have seen their energy costs increase in the last year.

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Thinking about all the ways that your business uses energy, how much of a concern are energy costs to

your business?

Total

Propane

Gasoline/ diesel

Natural Gas

Electricity

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

67

80

77

70

67

19

13

17

17

19

13

6

6

11

13

High concern (7-9) Moderate concern (4-6) Low concern (1-3)

Business sample; n=475

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Thinking about all the ways that your business uses energy, how much of a concern are energy costs to

your business?

Total

Retail/Accom./

Food/ArtsTrade &

Warehouse

Real estate

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

67

80

76

71

62

60

50

19

12

15

19

18

23

28

13

5

8

6

19

15

22

High concern (7-9) Moderate concern (4-6) Low concern (1-3)


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Have your energy costs decreased in the last year, or have they increased in the last year or have they

stayed unchanged?Business sample; n=475

Total

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

22 39 20 7 3 9

Greatly increased Somewhat increased UnchangedSomewhat decreased Greatly decreased DK /N/A

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Views About Energy Efficiency

The majority of companies want to make improvements when it comes to energy efficiency

73% of the business sample said energy efficiency was a high priority for their organizations.

76% of builders and architects share this view. The motivation to do so is higher among those with a

higher concern about energy costs. Companies perceive cost savings or greater efficiency in

operations or production as the most important benefit to them from undertaking energy efficiency measures. The benefit to the environment or their environmental record is secondary.

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To what extent is improving energy efficiency a priority for your business?

Total

Low concern w energy costs (3-1)

Moderate concern (6-4)

High concern w energy costs (9-7)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

63

16

30

82

24

25

51

16

12

58

17

1

High priority (9-7) Moderate priority (6-4) Low priority (3-1) DK & N/A


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Total

Institutional

Trade & warehouse

Building/Architecture

Retail/ Accom/ Food/ Arts

Real estate

Industrial

Services

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

63

79

65

65

63

58

56

49

24

13

26

22

26

20

28

32

12

5

10

11

9

15

15

18

8

High priority (9-7) Moderate priority (6-4) Low priority (3-1)DK & N/A

Total sample; n=661

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Total

<25 FTE

100-249 FTE

500+

Renters

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

63

5565

727069

5373

24

2525

2125

23

2517

12

181065

5

2110



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Total

ATL

ON

Prairies

BC

QC

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

63

82

71

67

64

62

24

12

17

22

14

19

12

6

12

10

18

16



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What would the benefits be to your company if it did all that it could to incorporate energy efficiency

measures?

Cost saving

Environmental benefit

Efficiency in operations

Good corp. citizen

Client benefit

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

69

24

20

5

3

% saying each

Business sample; (Multiple Mention) n=475

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What Companies Are Doing

Despite the overwhelming concern and interest, there is much more companies can do when it comes to energy efficiency.

Only 27% believe they are doing all they can Most (56%) have done or are doing some things. Smaller employers and those with the least operating space

tend to be those who have yet to undertake any energy efficiency measures (14%)

Less than half (38%) have set targets for energy efficiency and cost savings

One third of renters said they leave most decision-making regarding energy efficiency and related initiatives to their landlord.

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Which of the following statements best describes your company?

Total

<25 FTE25-99 FTE

100-249 FTE250-499 FTE

500+ FTE

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

27

31

25

29

20

18

56

48

57

63

65

74

14

18

15

8

10

8

We are doing everything we canWe have done or are doing some thingsWe have not engaged in energy efficiency measures yetDK / N/A


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Total

<10k sq ft

10k-49k sq ft

50k+ sq ft

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

27

30

24

22

56

42

64

69

14

25

12

8



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Total

Industrial

Real estate

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

27

303129

262018

56

5952

5264

5554

14

515

167

2326



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Has your company set targets for energy efficiency savings or energy cost reductions?

Total

Institutional

Retail/ Accom/ Food/ Arts

Real estate

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

38

43

41

40

29

29

28

57

54

54

53

61

63

65

5

3

5

7

10

8

7

Yes No DK & N/A


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Do you…

Take an important role in or have a say in most energy efficiency decisions?

Leave most decision-making regarding energy efficiency and related initiative to your landlord?

Don't know

N/A

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

55

35

4

6

% saying each

Business sample, those that are renters: n=114

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Among those who have not done all that they can, the initial cost of implementation was the most common (41%) reason why they have not done more to boost their organization’s energy efficiency.

Lack of time (16%) and knowledgeable personnel (9%) were secondary reasons.

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What has held you back from doing more to increase your operation's energy efficiency?

Cost of implementationLack of time

Lack of HROwned/ operated by others

Lack of support/programs/informationEnergy not a big expense

ROI small or doubtfulOther priorities

OtherDK

N/A

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

4116

966

5555

88

% saying each

Business sample, those that have not done all they can (Multiple Mention) n=333

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79% have invested in energy saving measures with upfront financial investments. Those in the institutional/public sector are particularly likely (89%) to have invested in energy saving measures.

Those that have implemented energy saving measures say on average they have reduced energy costs by 10% on average, although a substantial number were unable to say how much they had saved.

Many of those who don’t know may have saved a negligible or imperceptible amount or have seen savings eaten up by increases, or they may simply not be tracking energy costs with a view to energy used and targets for savings.

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Has your company invested in energy savings measures, with upfront financial investments such as new equipment

or technology or audits or renovations with a view to reducing energy use?

Total

Institutional

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

79

89

17

10

4

1

Yes No DK / N/A

Business sample , those that have done something or all they can n=398

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By roughly what percent has your company reduced energy costs in the last year based on energy

saving initiatives?

% saying each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

8 18 10 6 47 11

0% 1%-9% 10%-19% 20%+ Don't know N/A

Business sample , those that have done something or all they can; n=398

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Those that have invested in energy savings with upfront costs have:

Mostly invested in lighting & improved heating & air 26% replaced or upgraded equipment, appliances or trucks 14% engaged in building renovations 13% installed vehicle or equipment trackers and usage

meters Very few have conducted energy efficiency audits, with the

exception of the institutional/public sector (12% among them)

As with upfront investments, initiatives that required no investment most commonly include lighting and heating or air; employee/customer engagement as another albeit secondary component for many.

Despite the preference to deal with heating, air conditioning or lighting, the building sector (construction & architects) believes the market places about the same importance on efficient heating and air as they do on building design efficiency.

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What are the 2 most significant energy efficiency measures your company has taken that required

upfront investment?

Replace/ upgraded Lighting

Replaced/ upgraded heat/airReplaced/ upgraded

equipmentBuilding renovation

Equip. usage tracking

Energy audits

Better energy source

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

42

28

26

14

13

5

5

% saying each

Business sample , those that have taken energy savings measure with upfront costs; (Multiple Mention) n=316

Other mentions <5%:

Solar, Employee/ client awareness, flux drives, other.

DK: 4%N/A: 1%

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What else has your company done to increase energy efficiency that did not require upfront investment?

Efficient lighting usage

Efficient heat usage

Production controls

Changed practices, use less energy

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

18

15

13

9

7

6

5

5

% saying each

Business sample , those that have done something or all they can; n=398

Other mentions <5%:

Mgmt commitment, Bldg upkeep, other.

Nothing: 6%DK: 26%N/A: 8%

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What is more important to customers:…

Energy efficient heating and air systems?

Energy efficient building design?

Or are they equally important?

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

16

5

71

% saying each

Among Building Sample; n=169

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Incentives & Programs

Many companies said they would benefit from incentives in terms of what could help them improve energy efficiency in their operations.

However, many others were uncertain of what would help – 23%.

Some said information (13%) and others said government support or regulations (13%).

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What would help you to overcome obstacles to doing more to conserve energy?

Incentives, help w costs

Gov't support, prov/fed regulations & legislationInfo on options/ existing

programsGreater return on

investment

Time

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

31

13

13

7

6

% saying each

Business sample , those that have not done all they can; (Multiple Mention) n=333

Other mentions <5%:

Support from mgmt, utility

incentives, more staff

DK: 23%N/A: 9%

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What two things do you believe governments or utilities should do to help companies such as yours

adopt more energy efficiency measures in operations or in building structures?

$ Incentive/ assis-tance

Comm. info about programs

Regulate prices of energy

Access to energy audits

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

40

24

8

5

% saying each

Other mentions <5%:

Reduce red tape, stricter regs and monitoring, long-

term planning,DK: 25%N/A: 3%


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Incentives & Programs

Most companies are not familiar with programs offered by utilities and governments to help with energy efficiency & conservation.

And 38% have taken advantage of such programs. Familiarity is slightly higher in the building sector.

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How familiar are you with programs offered by utilities & governments to help businesses become energy efficient

& conserve?

Total

Atlantic Region

Quebec

Ontario

Prairies

BC

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

13

18

4

20

11

20

33

47

26

36

33

28

27

18

37

22

27

24

25

12

32

20

26

28

1

Very familiar Somewhat familiar Not very familiar Not at all familiarDK /N/R


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How familiar are you with programs offered by utilities & governments to help businesses become energy efficient &

conserve?

Building Sector

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

16 42 21 20 2

Very familiar Somewhat familiar Not very familiar


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Has your business ever taken advantage of one of these programs?

Total

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

Prairies

BC

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

38

41

30

52

27

32

50

50

55

38

61

52

12

9

15

9

12

16

Yes No DK &N/R


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Has your business ever taken advantage of one of these programs?

Building Sector

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

34 58 7

Yes No DK /NA


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Building & Design

Most (68%) would support more stringent energy efficiency standards in building codes even if they raised the cost of real estate.

A minority said they were very or somewhat interested in owning or renting LEED or BOMA Best certified space. Few are very familiar with these certifications.

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Would you strongly/somewhat support/oppose improved building codes that would require better

energy efficiency even if this raised the costs of commercial real estate?

% saying each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

26 42 12 9 11

Strongly support Somewhat support Somewhat opposeStrongly oppose DK /N/A


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How interested would you be in renting or owning space that met LEED or BOMA best certification …or

do you rent LEED or BOMA Best compliant space now?

% say-ing

each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

8 25 9 29 3 25

Very interested Somewhat interestedNot very interested Not at all interestedCurrently rent LEED or BOMA Best DK /N/A


45Contributors

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How interested would your company be in having a system of EnerGuide labeling for commercial real estate you occupy so

businesses are aware of the efficiency of the commercial space they own, rent or are interested in buying?

% say-ing

each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

14 33 17 21 1 13

Very interested Somewhat interested Not very interested

Not at all interested Already adopted measure DK /N/A


46Contributors

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Building & Design: Architects & Builders

There is a moderate level of interest in EnerGuide labeling in the building sector

Architects are especially interested: 61% very or somewhat interested.

Among builders as among the range of other companies surveyed few (12%) are very interested: 39% are very or somewhat interested overall.

47Contributors

Survey by

How interested would your company be in having a system of EnerGuide labeling for commercial real estate you occupy so

businesses are aware of the efficiency of the commercial space they own, rent or are interested in buying?

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

34

12

27

27

13

20

19

25

0

2

8

14

Very interested Somewhat interested Not very interested

Not at all interested Already adopted measure DK /NA


48Contributors

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Familiarity with the LEED & BOMA Best certifications is higher in the building sector than among the cross section of businesses and commercial clients surveyed.

Familiarity is higher among architects than builders Most architects have been involved in a LEED or BOMA

certified project as have 42% of builders. These are typically in residential design. Those who work solely

in commercial work were less likely to say they had been involved in a green certified project such as those.

49Contributors

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The LEED green building rating system provides a standard to assess the environmental sustainability of building designs. How familiar are you with LEED

certification?

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

91

58

8

36

2

6

Familiar Not Familiar DK /NA


50Contributors

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BOMA Best is an environmental certification program for existing buildings in Canada. How familiar are you

with BOMA Best certification?

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

52

20

47

75

2

4

Familiar Not Familiar DK /NA


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Has your company been involved in projects that met LEED or BOMA Best certification?

Architects

Construction

Commercial

Residential

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

63

42

59

33

31

49

31

61

7

9

9

6

Yes No DK/NA


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The building sector expects increased demand for projects meeting LEED or BOMA standards and many are interested in this line of work

Most architects expect increased demand in the next five years Most architects are very or somewhat interested in being

involved in building LEED or BOMA certified buildings About half of builders are interested

Most agree there is a growing market for businesses that want to own or lease energy efficient commercial space

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Do you believe that your business will see increased demand in the next five years for projects that meet

LEED or BOMA best certification?

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

59

41

14

17

14

25

14

17

Yes Maybe No DK/NA


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How interested would you be in building or managing space that met LEED or BOMA best certification?

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

76

48

15

35

8

17

Interested Not Interested DK/NA


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Agree/Disagree: “There is a growing market for businesses that want to own or lease energy efficient

commercial space.”

Building Sector

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

66 14 19

Agree Disagree DK/NA


56Contributors

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What holds builders and architects back from building or designing more new energy efficient building stock?

Cost, primarily Customers’ preferences or demands did not allow it Or that the customer had declined improvements;

There is not a lack of awareness among builders and architects so much as it’s the role of the market and that clients’ needs or preferences play that is critical.

only 5% said lack of awareness or knowledge and expertise 4% cited complexity of regulations or certification.

Indeed most agreed that they would be unlikely to be involved in more energy efficient building construction if codes didn’t change along with increased demand.

57Contributors

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What are two barriers to adoption of more energy efficient improvements into commercial or residential

real estate design and construction?

Cost

Information on ROI

Rules/Regulations/Standards

Time

DK

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

55

15

11

8

8

5

2

3

24

% saying each


58Contributors

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Agree/Disagreed: “We would be unlikely to design or build more energy efficient space unless it was

required by more stringent building codes.”

Building Sector

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

20 37 17 14 12

Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagreeDK/NA


59Contributors

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There is majority support in the building sector for stricter energy standards in building codes even if it raises cost of commercial real estate, especially among architects.

And builders and architects suggested a range of measures to help overcome barriers:

21% said reduced costs or incentives 14% said codes and standards or regulations 17% said public awareness or education and 2% said

awareness of financial benefits 6% said knowledge, expertise or education for the sector

60Contributors

Survey by

Would you strongly/somewhat support/oppose improved building codes that would require better

energy efficiency even if this raised the costs of commercial real estate?

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

58

26

31

41

5

10

2

8

5

15

Strongly Support Somewhat Support Somewhat OpposeStrongly Oppose DK /NA


61Contributors

Survey by

What do you think would be most effective to help overcome some of those barriers to adopting more

energy efficient design into new real estate?

Reduce Costs/Incentives

Public Awareness/Education

Change Standards or Codes or Enforce Regulations

Educate Industry

Other

Educate on ROI

Other/DN/NA

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

21

17

14

6

5

2

35

% saying each


62Contributors

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APPENDIX

63Contributors

Survey by

NAICS Sectors Represented

Sector n= Sector n= Sector n= Accommodation and food services

22Information, communications

9Real estate development

12

Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services

14 Manufacturing 41Real estate management

35

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

26Mining, quarrying, oil & gas extraction

28 Retail trade 22

Architecture 64Service (general mention)

8

Arts, culture, recreation/sport, entertainment

32 Other services 9Transportation and warehousing

31

Construction of commercial buildings and residential construction

98Professional, scientific, technical services

8 Utilities 18

Education 30 Property owner 12 Other sectors (specify) 30

Finance, insurance 20Public administration, public sector, government services

35 Don't Know 1

Health care and social services

49Real estate (unspecified)

5 Not applicable 2

64Contributors

Survey by

Has your company set targets for energy efficiency savings or energy cost reductions?

Total

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

Prairies

BC

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

38

41

48

39

28

22

57

56

45

57

66

74

5

3

7

4

6

4

Yes No DK & N/A


65Contributors

Survey by

The LEED green building rating system provides a standard for the construction industry to assess the

environmental sustainability of building designs. How familiar are you with LEED certification?

Total

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

15 24 16 42 4

Very familiar Somewhat familiar Not very familiarNot at all familiar DK /N/R


66Contributors

Survey by

BOMA Best is an environmental certification program for existing buildings in Canada. How familiar are you

with BOMA Best certification?

Total

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

6 9 9 72 4

Very familiar Somewhat familiar Not very familiarNot at all familiar DK /N/R


67Contributors

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Incentives

The majority would be willing to consider an investment in something like an energy efficiency retrofit if they knew they could make their money back in 2 years.

Interest drops significantly if they made their investment back in 5 years.

These findings almost perfectly resemble the CEEA’s 2013 public opinion/general population survey findings.

68Contributors

Survey by

How interested would you be in investing in a full energy efficiency retrofit if you knew you would make

your money back in about two years?

% say-ing

each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

51 28 6 8 7

Very interested Somewhat interested Not very interestedNot at all interested DK /N/A

Business sample, those that own their building(s); n=346

69Contributors

Survey by

And if you were told it would in fact take five years? (To make your money back in a full energy retrofit)

% saying each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

22 38 15 16 8

Very interested Somewhat interested Not very interestedNot at all interested DK /N/A

Business sample, those that own their building(s); n=346

70Contributors

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Does energy efficiency influence your approach to operations & maintenance?

% saying each

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

57 18 21 4

Yes No Don't know N/A

Real estate and property businesses; n=29

71Contributors

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The vast majority of the building sector agrees that energy usage of separate tenant areas in commercial buildings should be individually metered – 82% agree – 9% disagree.

75% agreed that compliance paths in national energy codes should result in comparable energy usages and efficiencies

Those in the building sector were less likely to agree that window area in designs should be limited in codes that which is needed for good day-lighting

41% agree and 51% disagree (27% strongly disagree)

OTHER FINDINGS

72Contributors

Survey by

Agree/Disagree: “The energy usage of separate tenant areas in commercial buildings should be

individually metered”

Building Sector

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

82 9 8

DK/NA Series4 Series5


73Contributors

Survey by

Agree/Disagree: “Compliance paths in national energy codes should result in comparable energy usages and

energy efficiencies”

Building Sector

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

75 4 21

DK/NA Series4 Series5


74Contributors

Survey by

Agree/Disagree: “Given that windows typically lose far more heat than a wall, the total window area

should be limited in buildings codes to that which is needed for good day-lighting”

Architects

Construction

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

41

43

51

49

8

8

Agree Disagree DK/NA


Documents

CEEA 2014 Survey: Canadian Business Attitudes on Energy Efficiency