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CEE 437: Earthquakes and Seismology
• Mechanisms and Locations • Seismic Waves • Magnitude and Distance
• Seismic Risk
• Nov. 3, 2002 Denali Fault, Alaska Quake
Earthquake Mechanisms
• Iso-static Rebound (post-glacial) o Fennoscandia (m=8.4?)
• Volcanic o Mt. St. Helens, Hawaii
• Induced Seismicity o by increased fluid pressure in well-field or reservoir
• Plate Tectonics o Subduction Zones and Plate Collisions o Transform Boundaries o Mid-ocean Ridges and Continental Rifts
Induced seismicity at Rangely, Colorado, 1967
Induced seismicity in India, 1967
Intermediate Depth Teleseismic Earthquake
Gutenburg-Richter law
log N = - b m + log a
where N = number or number/yr m = magnitude b = b value, 0.8 < b < 1.2 a = constant
Energy release of earthquake
log E = 1.5 m +11.4 E ~ 30*m
Modified Mercali Intensity
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11/19/2002file://Z:\Accounts\tcladouhos\UW-CE\nisqully_g.jpg