CEAD - Full Abstract

1 CEAD Hui, Full Schedule of Abstracts

CEADHUI17–19November2010UniversityofWaikato

NewZealand

FULLSCHEDULEOFABSTRACTS

Documentupdated8September2010


1. HollandWilde

CulturalFarming:CriticalTVEthnographyandCivicMediaturgy

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Atelevisionmediaturgisfulsomelyknowledgeableofthehistory,theoryandpracticeofTV/mediacommunication.Inshort,theyembodynotonlyLiteracy'scredoof"readingandwriting",butarealsocapableofdirectingphilosophicalreflexivityandcriticalcraftsmanship.Asanindependentfunctionary,amediaturgmustbebothpartoftheinterpretationalteamofcontentcreatorsandabridgingmechanismtotheaudience,andthus,aprimarythinkeraboutthepoliticalandsocialobjectivesofTV/media.Unfortunately,therearenomediaturgsinexistence.yet.Thisfact,however,doesnotdenythedevelopmentofamorepublicapproachtocivicmediaturgy.CulturalFarmingismysix‐yearethnographicprojectthatpurposefullyinvestigateshowweintentionallymakeourmediacommunicate,ratherthansimplyinterpretingwhatcontent"says".Indeed,ourintentionbehindcontentcreationisalwaysthefirststepinmeaningmakingandconditionswhatcanbesociallyproduced,performedandreceived.CulturalFarming'slongitudinalandethnographicmethodsofarchiving‐and‐responseexaminethese"conditionings",sinceallmediaproductionchoicesareexpressionsofpower,andthuspolitical.Throughsurrealcomparativeappropriationandremix,CulturalFarmingisanattemptto"shock"intopublic/corporateawarenessthenotionoftoolsandtechniquesastheoriginating"mouthpiece"ofethicalmediacommunication.FollowingWalterBenjamin(auraticinnervation),BertoltBrecht(pedagogicaldistanciation),andSergeiEisenstein(criticalmontage)alongwithanthropologicalfilmtheory,CulturalFarmingismypersonal‐civicattempttomaterializeDenzin(1995:200),"Thechallengenowistothinkvideo,tothinkcinematically,tovisualize,notonlytheoryandcultureasproductsofacomplexvisualcinematicapparatus,buttoshowhowthatapparatusentanglesitselfwiththeverytellingswetell."(www.culturalfarming.com)


2. AileenDavidson

CouncilforInternationalDevelopmentTalkingandlistening:questioningthewhyandhowofresearchwithindigenouspeoplesEmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Whydoweundertakeresearchwithpeoplefromotherethnicorculturalgroups?Isittodiscovermoreaboutourselves?Foralongtime,indigenouspeoplehavespokenoftheneedforresearchtobe'withus,notaboutus'.Howdowenegotiatethis?Wheredoesthistypeofapproachbeginandtherequirementsofacademiaend?Howdoweknowwearelistening,notjusthearingwhatwearetold?ThesequestionsarisefromrecentresearchaspartofOtagoUniversityMasterofIndigenousStudiesprogramme.TotrytoensureIwaslisteningtowhatIwastold,IusedelementsofakaupapaMaoriresearchmethodologybyhavinginputandagreementfromtheparticipantsaboutthequestionstobeusedinasemi‐formalconversationstyleofinterview.Ispokewith5peopleIknewpersonallyaboutthewaystheyidentifyasMaori.Theparticipantsalsoreviewedtranscriptsoftheirinterviewsandthefinaldraftofthecompletedresearchproject.Inthispaper,IwilldiscussthescopeoftheresearchandhowIwentaboutworkingthroughtheissuesImentioned.Oneoftheparticipantsintheresearchprojectwillalsotalkaboutherexperiencebeingpartoftheresearchprojectandherresponsetomyconcerns.ThepresentationwillbereviewedbyVaughanBidois,Ngatiranginui,NgaitaiandTuhoe.VaughaniscurrentlytheChairpersonfortheNgaitaiIwiAuthority(NIA)whichisbasedinTorere,BayofPlenty,VaughanisalsoaPhDcandidateatOtagoUniversity,scheduledtocompleteMay/June2011;andhisthesistitleisCultureandIdentity:PostcolonialReflectionsinAoteroa/NewZealand.


3. HelenMacdonald

UniversityofCapeTownNegotiatingsafeandunsafespace:Participation,discomfortandresponseabilityinHigherEducationInstitutetransformationinSouthAfrica

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:

StudiesoninstitutionalcultureconductedinSouthAfricanHigherEducationInstitutesdateasfarbackas1994,markingtheofficialterminationofapartheid.UsingtheUniversityofCapeTownasamicrocosm,manyofthepreviouslymarginalisedgroupscontinuedtoexpressdissatisfactionwiththeUniversity'scommitmenttodiversityandthespeedatwhichtransformationwastakingplace.BuildingupontheViceChancellor'sdesiretocreate'openandsafespaces'fordialogueanddebateontransformationanddiversityissues,managementinitiatedtheKhulumaproject('tospeakout'inisiXhosa).RetreatingfromthefamiliarityoftheworkenvironmentforthreedaysinordertoenteraprotectedspaceinwhichtoengagewithSouthAfrica'sapartheidpast,theinstitutionalcultureandwitheachother,Khuluma'skeyobjectivewastoeffectasustainablesetofchanges.'Safespace'hasemergedasapopularmetaphor,particularlyasavitalclassroomatmospherewithineducationoratherapeuticspaceinpsychotherapy,yetacademicenquiryremainslimited.Literatureprovideslittledetailaboutwhatismeantbysafespaceorhowitiscreated;evenfewerscholarshavequestionedtheutilityofaimingforsafety.Thispaperarguesthatsafespacecanbeacknowledgedtoexistonlyasanideal;aneverfullyattainablesituation.Ifhurtandstrugglearepartoftransformationthenwhatdoes'safety'signify?Paradoxically,Khulumachallengedparticipantstoembrace,nottoavoid,theuneasinessofparticipation,theshocksofawarenessandthedangersofvulnerability.MyresearchshowedthatKhulumaparticipantsimplicitlyunderstoodtheparadoxical'unsafety'locatedinthemetaphoric'safespace'


4. AnnetteBlum

OntarioCollegeofArt&DesignVoicesofWomeninPostApartheidSouthAfrica:VisualNarrative,SocialJusticeandEmpowerment

SocialJusticeandTransformationAbstract:MyresearchislocatedattheheartofthestrugglebymarginalizedblackSouthAfricanwomenwhoemployartasameansofdealingwiththeaftermathofpoliticalviolenceandtraumainpost‐apartheidSouthAfricaintheirpursuitofsocialjusticeandtransformation.Inthispaper,Iargueforthesignificanceofcontemporaryethnographythroughanexaminationofwaysinwhichthesewomenareempoweredthroughvisualnarrativeingivingvoicetotheirexperiencesoftrauma,violenceandHIV/AIDS.Focusingonthreeoftheruralart‐makingprojectswhichhaveemergedinSouthAfricasincetheearly1990sinresponsetothecomplexchallengesofthepost‐apartheidera‐theAmazwiAbesifazaneor"VoicesofWomen"projectinKwaZulu‐Natal,theMapulaEmbroideryProjectintheWinterveld,andtheBambananiWomen'sGroupinKhayelitsha‐thispaperexaminestheroleofvisualnarrativeintheprocessofuncoveringthetruththrough"remember[ing]whatonemostwantstoforget"(Becker2004:117),ingivingvoicetothepreviouslyvoiceless,andthepotentialofferedbyvisualcultureforbothsocialandeconomicempowermentofwomenwithinthecontextofthecomplexrelationshipofmarginalization,poverty,andrepresentation.Throughtheirengagementwithartisticpracticesindealingwithhistoricizedharm,IarguethattheseextraordinarywomenareenablingnarrativeexpansiontotherestrictivetestimonialpracticesoftheTruthandReconciliationCommission(TRC)whichhasbeenwidelyacknowledgedasafailureforwomenbecauseofitsnarrowfocusonindividualphysicalformsofharm.


5. GeorgeBradleyJennings

St.Mary'sUniversityCollegeEmbodimentandtheSensesRepresentationsfromaBritishKungFuEthnography

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveformsAbstract:ConsideringthatthevariouswaystorepresentethnographyhaveexpandedsinceVanMaanen´s(1988)initialformulation,thispaperoffersreflectionsontherepresentationofembodiedandsensualexperiencesofpractitionerswithinaBritishWingChunKungFuAssociation(seeJennings,Brown&Sparkes,forthcoming2011).Indoingso,itfollowsvariouscallsfortheacademicfocusonthebodythroughsensuousscholarship(Stoller,1997),carnalsociology(Crossley,1995),phenomenologyofthesportingbody(Hockey&AllenCollinson,2007)andmorerecently,sensualethnography(Sparkes,2009).Firstly,consideringthe´Western´world´sfocusonthevisualsense(Classen,1993),weofferinsightsintotheembodiedexperiencesofaWingChunresearcher‐practitionerthroughtwooftensociologicallyoverlookedsenses:Touchandkinaesthesia,throughthetraditionalformofwrittenrepresentationofethnographicfieldnotesandinterviews.Wearguethatthesesensesformthebasisofthelivedpracticeoftheart,embodiedsensitivityandforthecreationofwhatSamudra(2008)terms´memoryinourbody´.Secondly,byexpandingonrecentinnovationsinrepresentingqualitativeresearchinsportandexercise(seeSparkes,2002),weattempttocommunicatethesefindingsthroughalternativeformsofrepresentationincludingvideoandaudiomaterialalongsideaccessiblemartialexercisesdesignedtoinvokeanunderstandingofsuchinter‐sensoryexperiencesbeyondthenormallydominantvisualsense.Overallwethereforeattempttocommunicateexperiencethoughofferingsomealternativemethodstoaddressbothdoingandrepresentingethnographicresearchinnewembodiedways.


6. LouisaAllen

UniversityofAuckland'Snapped':ResearchingtheSexualCulturesofSchoolsUsingVisualMethods

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,Transgressiveforms

Abstract:

Visualmethodsareoftenmarginalisedineducationalresearchandhavenotbeenemployedtocollectinformationaboutsexualityatschool.Thispaperexaminestheviabilityandeffectivenessofconductingresearchaboutthe'sexualcultures'ofschoolsinNewZealandusingphoto‐diariesandphoto‐elicitation.'Effectiveness'isjudgedbywhatthevisualmethodologiesliteraturepurportsarethebenefitsofthesemethods.Theseadvantagesincludeprovidingparticipantswithgreaterautonomyoverwhatandhowdataiscollected.Thepaperarguesitisfeasibletoemployvisualmethodstoresearchsexualityinschools.Suchmethodsofferparticipantsalternativemeansofrecountingtheirstories,canhelpilluminateanesotericobjectofinvestigationlike'sexualcultures'andengageparticipantslesslikelytovolunteerforsexualityresearch.Theuseofvisualmethodsisnotwithoutchallengeshowever.Securingethicsapprovalandschoolparticipationalongwithproblemswithcameraretrievalandprotectingparticipantagencyweresomedifficultiesencounteredinthecurrentstudy.Forthosewishingtopursuelessconventionalresearchmethodologiesineducationalsettings,thisdiscussionhighlightspotentialbenefitsandstruggles.


7. DaphneRickson

NewZealandSchoolofMusicCriticalTheory,ActionResearch,andMusicTherapySchoolConsultation

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGround

Abstract:

Thispaperwilldiscussalargescaleactionresearchprojectinvolvingfourschools,whichresultedinthedevelopmentofamusictherapyschoolconsultationprotocol.Theprimaryaimoftheresearchwastoempowereducatorswhoworkwithstudentswhohavespecialneeds,toincreaseorimprovetheirplanneduseofmusictosupportstudents’developmentandlearning.Participants’initialcautiousand/ornegativeself‐statementsreflectedthedominantWesternworldviewthatonlythosewhoaretrainedorexperiencedintheuseofmusiccanbe‘musicians’.Thusmanydidnotattempttousemusicwiththeirstudentsbecausetheydidnotviewthemselvesas‘musicians’. Byrecognisingtheconceptof‘musician’asasociallyconstructedview,participantsweremorereadilyabletoengageinmusicmakingwiththeirstudents.Themusictherapistconsultantfacilitatedtheirdevelopingconfidence,andenabledthemtodrawontheirnaturalmusicality.Participantsbecameincreasinglyoptimisticandmotivatedastheyrecognisedthevalueofwhattheywereabletodowithmusic,andastheyobservedtheirstudents’positiveresponsestotheintroductionofthecollaborativelyplannedmusicstrategies.Thustheywereenergisedandenthusedbytheconsultations,andvaluedtheprocesshighly.


8. PaulWhitinui

FacultyofEducation,SportandLeisureStudies,UniversityofWaikatoNavigatingandNegotiatingIdentityinSport:Insights,ReflectionsandLearningsfromaRangatahiMaoriPerspective

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyoftheGround

Abstract:

Thecurrentneedtounderstandtheimportanceofsportinthelivesofrangatahi(youngpersonbetweentheagesof12‐24)Maorihasneverbeengreater.In2001SPARC(SportandRecreationNewZealand)surveyedaround160,000rangatahiMaoriabouttheirlevelsofparticipationinsport.ThefindingshighlightedthatalthoughrangatahiMaoriarethemostactiveethnicgroupinAotearoaNewZealand,therehasbeenanoticeabledeclineintheirlevelofparticipationinphysicalactivitybyalmost10percent(SPARC,2001).GiventhedearthofliteraturepertainingtorangatahiMaoriinsport,researchexamininghowrangatahiMaorinegotiateornavigatetheiridentitywithinthesportingexperienceisrelativelylimited(Whitinui,2001).In2001,myMaster'sdissertationexploredtheprofoundimpactofsportonmysearchforidentityasarangatahiMaori.KaupapaMaori(Bishop,1997;Smith,1997)wascentraltoinformingthisauthoethnographicinvestigation,concludingthatnotonlydidsportfosterapositivesenseofself‐worthandbelonging,italsohelpedtodevelopastrongerinnercuriositytosearchthemeaningofsportinrelationtomyidentityasMaori.Thiscurrentpaperwilldrawonsomeofthosekeyinsights,reflectionsandlearningsandwillconsidertheimplicationsofthoseexperiencesascultural'triggers'necessaryforengagingrangatahiMaoriinthesportingarena.Moreover,creatingopportunitiesforrangatahiMaoritoreflectonhowsportconnectssociallyaswellasculturallywithwhotheyareasMaoriismorelikelytodevelopadeeperappreciationofselfasculturalhumanbeings.Thepaperconcludesthatduetoanever‐increasingpressureonyoungpeopletobesedentary,researchonunderstandingsportanditsrelationtodevelopingastrongandsecureidentityforrangatahiMaoriisurgentlyrequired.


9. TonyWhincup

MasseyUniversityTheGalleryasaSiteforVisualEthnography

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveForms

Abstract:

Thispaperreflectsuponthestrategies,advantagesanddisadvantagesofamulti‐mediapresentationinthesiteofamuseumgalleryforthecommunicationofethnographicwork.Discussionfocusesupontwooriginalexhibitionswhichareusedascasestudies:'TeWa,theroleoftraditionalcanoesincontemporaryKiribati'and'WateronWater,KiribatiinCrisis?'‐theeffectofchangingweatherconditionsupontheindigenousknowledgesystemsofKiribati.Diltheymadecleartheproblematicnatureofthe'partsandwhole'tensioninwhichapartcanonlybeunderstoodinrelationtothewholeandthewholeonlyunderstoodasasumoftheparts.Toengagewiththisproblemitwillbearguedthatthegalleryprovidestheopportunitytointegratenumerousactivitiessuchassound,movingandstillimage,text,catalogues,floortalksandliveperformanceforthevisualethnographer.Theinstallationswhichcomprisethesecasestudieswereconstructedapplyingthetheoryofhermeneuticsinanattempttoexpanduponthelineardeliveryoftextbaseproductionsandtoprovideamoreinteractiveandindividualengagementwiththeethnographicmaterial.10. WithdrawnJulieGalloway


11. EdgarBurnsLaTrobeUniversityDeconstructinginterviewaccounts'temporality:Multipletimeflownarrativesinmakingcareertransitions

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Thispaperexploreshowtimeandtimeflowaffectindividuals'processofcareertransition,andasaconsequencethetransitionnarrativestheypresentininterviews.Deconstructinganunproblematictemporalitythatismostlyincidentaltothemeaningofthesecareertransitionsyieldsabountifulharvestofinsightintotheaccountsoffered,aswellaslocatingtheinterview/eraspartoftheoverallnarrative.Sixaspectsoftimeareconsidered:the'when'ofmid‐career;viewingyoungercolleaguesandones'ownyoungerself;issuesof'lateness'incareerchange;historictimeflowandpersonalchronology;careerchangesas'dislinear'timenarrative;andanemergentquestionabout'interstitial'time.12. WITHDRAWNCharleneRajendran


13. RobertE.RinehartUniversityofWaikatoRallyNewZealand,2010:Standpointepistemologyataroadrally

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:ThisvisualethnographywilllocatetheRallyNewZealand,2010,fromasingular,yetvariably‐informed,standpoint.Iintendtodiscusssomeoftheproblematicsofvisualresearchfromapracticalpositionality,withmyvoluntarypositionasamarshalattheRallyasanexemplarofaccessandlackofaccesstovisualethnographies.??AsLaurelRichardsonremindsus,ourknowledgesare,indeed,partial,andtheacknowledgementofthesepartialknowledgesisbothcriticalandnecessary.Thepartialand'snapshot'locationofthisroadrally,frommypositionintheRaglanlegofit,frommylimitedaccess,willjuxtaposewiththemovementofthecarspastmyownpointofreference.Iintendtowritethisupemulating‐anddiscussing‐HunterS.Thompson's'gonzojournalism'style.


14. PaulE.PitreWashingtonStateUniversityTheMythofLowAchievement:ExploringtheMisEducationoftheUrbanAfricanAmericanMalePracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGround

Abstract:

ThisethnographicstudyseekstounderstandtheeducationalperspectivesofAfricanAmericanmalehighschoolstudents,aculturalgroupthathasbeenlabeledaschronicunderachievers(Noguera,2009).Boundedbyacasestudyof5highschoolsintwomajormetropolitanareasintheWesternUnitedStates,thisstudyseekstogainabetterunderstandingofschooling,education,andtheroleofdemocracythroughtheexperiencesofanAfricanAmericanculturalgroup.Utilizingdigitalvideo,thisstudywillseekanddemonstratebothoralandvisualevidenceofhowinformantsexperienceschooling,education,andtheirroleindemocracy.Additionalinsightswillbesoughtonhowthesestudentsviewtheroleandstatureofeducationintheirlives,theperceivedviewsoftheirpeers,theroleofcollegeintheirfuture,andhowtheybelieveeducationcanbeimprovedtopromoteacademicengagement.Additionally,datacollectionthroughthemediumofdigitalvideowillbediscussed.Noguera,P.A.(2003).TheTroublewithBlackBoys:TheRoleandInfluenceofEnvironmentalandCulturalFactorsontheAcademicPerformanceofAfricanAmericanMales,UrbanEducation,38,431—459


15. KennosukeTanakaHoseiUniversityAdvancedMarginalizationandRecriminalizationofUndocumentedImmigrantsinthePostNeoliberalState,US.

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisions

Abstract:

RethinkingRegulatingthePoor,whicharguesfortheshiftfromregulatingcivildisordertoregulatinglaborinindustrialcapitalism(Piven&Cloward,1993),Wacquantstatesthatthe"centralroleofreliefintheregulationofmarginallaborandinthemaintenanceofsocialorder"isdisplacedanddulysupplementedbythevigorousdeploymentofthepolice,thecourtsandtheprisoninthenetherregionsofsocialspace(Wacquant,2008).In"PunishingthePoor",Wacquantindicates"thepenalizationofpovertyhasprovedtobeavectorfortheconstructionofsocialrealityandforthereengineeringofthestategearedtowardtheorderingofsocialinsecurityintheageofderegulatedcapitalism"(Wacquant,2008).

Previousstudiesaboutthispunitiveturndemonstratethatitiscausednotbylatemodernity(cf.,Young,Zimring,&Tonry)butratherbyneoliberalism,aprojectthatcanbeindifferentlyembracedbypoliticiansoftheRightortheLeft.ThisstanceisarguedbyAmerica'sprecariousurbanproletariat.However,thesestudieshavenotscrutinizedtheglobalregimeofneoliberalism,whichhasproducedandreproducedtheundocumentedsocialconditionsimmigrantsliveinintheUnitedStates.

Basedon"observantparticipation"(Idonotjustmean"participantobservation")since2006,thispaperwilldemonstratetheprocessandstructureunderminingtheprecarioussocialnetworkandquasi‐convertiblebodilycapitalofundocumentedworkersintheUS. Thisfielddataandanalysisbringustheopportunityfordevelopingtheperspectiveofadvancedmarginalizationandre‐criminalizationofundocumentedworkersasanewagendaof"immigrant'sstudies"inapost‐neoliberalpunitiveera.


16. AnjaHeatherJojeReidCurtinUniversityHumanitiesPhilately,CulturalPatinaandEthnography:Usingthepasttoevaluatethepresentandcontemplatethefuture


Abstract:Whilstnumismaticshaslongbeenconsideredusefulinsocialscienceresearch,fewscholarshavepursuedsimilaranalysesofphilately.Yet,thestudyofpostagestampsisnotjustthedomainofprofessionaloramateurcollectors.Noristhesaleofstampssimplyameansforgovernmentstorecovercostsforprovidingapublicutility.Asmaterialculture,stampsprovidelongitudinalethnographicaccesstotherepresentationofstates'andnations'society,culture,politicsandeconomy.Issuesrangingfromgender,health,education,sport,commerce,sustainabledevelopment,folk‐ways,tourismandeveninternationalrelationsareaddressedthroughsymbolicappropriationinphilatelyatdifferentmomentsintime.Stampsareastate‐fundedhistoricalarchiveendorsedbyUNESCOasnationalheritage.Inamuseumcontext,thetermpatinahasbeenusedtodenotetheartofthesenses,theethnographicappealoftheuniquehistoricaltexturingofartefacts.Anengagementwithphilatelicartrevealsitsowncapacityforsensibilities.HereIdevelopthenotionof"culturalpatina"inordertointerrogatethechemistryunderlyingthelayeredrichnessacrossallspheresofpeople'slives.Ratherthanobjectifyingculture,itgivesrecognitiontothecomplexdialogicrelationsbetweenculturalpoliticsandsymbolicappropriation.Individuals,groups,nationsandstatesareinescapablypartofthatprocess.Iwillexamineseveralpostagestampstodemonstratephilately'spotentialusesinethnographicresearchacrossdisciplines.Throughcriticallythinkingaboutculturalpatinainrelationtophilately,Iexposethetensions,strengthsandweaknessesofdiversepublicaswellasprivateunderstandingsandagendas.


17. BruceMacfarlaneZarnovichCohenUniversityofAucklandNarrativesofMentalIllness:Fromtheorytopractice

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Thispresentationinvestigatesthe'narrativeturn'insociologyasawayofempoweringmarginalizedgroupsintheresearchprocess.AnarrativestudyofusersofmentalhealthservicesinBradford(UK)willbeoutlinedtodemonstrateonewayinwhichsocialresearcherscanmovefromtheoreticalapproachestoapractical'narrativemethod'inthefield.Indoingso,somecompetingconceptualisationsof'narrative'usedinthesocialsciencesaswellasbyhealthprofessionalswillbeexplored.AnimportantquestionhasbeenraisedbyinterpretativeethnographerssuchasNormanDenzin,CarolynEllisandArthurBocknerastowhetherresearchersareindangerofdistancinganddevaluingthestoryof'theOther'throughfurtheranalysisofagivennarrativeandmakinggeneralisationsacrossnarratives(seeforexampletheAugust2006editionoftheJournalofContemporaryEthnographyonAutoethnography).Whilesuchpost‐structuralwritingshadadeepresonanceinthedevelopmentofthenarrativemethodcarriedoutwithmentalhealthusersinthecurrentstudy,itwillbedemonstratedthattheresultingnarratives/storiesstillcalledforfurtheranalysis,suggestingaconflictwiththeimmediacyofpersonalmeaningsofillnessandrecoveryrecorded.Thepresentationwillconcludebyarguingthatgivingprimacytousernarrativesdoesnotnegatetheworldinwhichthesenarrativestakeform:inthiscase,thepowerstructuresofpsychiatryandmedicineremainanimportant‐ifnotcrucial‐factorwithinuseraccounts.


18. HollyThorpeandRebeccaOliveUniversityofWaikatoFeministReflectionsintheWavesandontheSlopes:ThePleasures&PerilsofDoingEthnographyinBoardSportCultures

Emergingmethods:Traditional,experimental,transgressiveformsAbstract:

Inthispaperweadoptaplayfulandperformativeauto‐ethnographicapproachtorevealsomeoftheperilsandpleasuresofconductingfieldworkinthemale‐dominatedphysicalculturesofsnowboardingandsurfing.Offeringnumerousexamplesfromourownlivedexperiences,weraiseanumberofcriticalquestionsregardingtheethicsofdoingovertandcovertethnographyinvarioussurf‐andsnow‐relatedspacesandplaces(e.g.,waves,beaches,snow‐parks,lift‐lines,bars)both'athome'and'away'.DrawinguponrecentfeministextensionsofPierreBourdieu'soriginalconcepts(e.g.,McNay,1999,2000;Thorpe,2009),wediscusssomeofthepre‐reflexiveandcognitivestrategieswehaveemployedtonegotiatespacewithinlocal,globalandvirtualsurfandsnowboardingfields,andnavigateourmultidimensionalanddynamicidentities(e.g.,researcher,surfer,snowboarder,friend,academic)withinandacrosssocialfields(e.g.,localsurforsnowcommunity,personalblogs,universitycampus).Insodoing,weillustratethepotentialofBourdieu'sconceptualschema,andparticularlythehabitus‐fieldcomplex,forrecognizingtheagencyandreflexivityofthecontemporaryethnographer.


19. DrNicholasRoweandAssociateProfessorRalphBuckUniversityofAucklandOurDanceStories

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:Danceplaysmultiplerolesinfosteringandmaintainingculturalvaluesandrelationships.TheOurDanceStoriesresearchprojectinvestigatesthecreativepractices,learningapproachesanddiversestoriesofindigenousdanceartistsandteachersaroundtheworld,astheynegotiateculturalmodernityandglobalization.Thisethnographicresearchprojectaimstodevelop12books,collectingpersonalnarrativesofdancefromdiverseartists,teachersandstudents.Eachbookislocatedinaparticulargeographicareadefinedbyabodyofwater,asameansofchallengingrepresentationsofdanceandculturalpracticeswithinnational/continental/ethnic/religiousboundaries.Reflectingbothdiversityandcommonalitieswithineachregion,thefirstthreebooksintheseriesareentitledOurDanceStories:TheSouthPacificOurDanceStories:TheSouthMediterraneanOurDanceStories:TheSouthChinaSeaThispaperdiscussestheinitialaimsoftheresearchandhighlightemergingstoriesthatspeaktodiversepractices,valuesandapproachestoartsknowledgewithinTheSouthPacific.Thepaperreflectsuponstoriesofhowdanceiscurrentlybeingcreatedwithindiversecommunities,andhowtheseprocessesmightreflectlocalnotionsofart,moralsandcodesofconduct.Itfurtherreflectsuponthediversewaysdanceiscurrentlybeingtaught/learntwithinspecificcommunities,andhowtheseprocessesmightreflectuniquevaluesandapproachestoknowledge,educationandtheorganisationofinformation.


20. NicholasRoweUniversityofAucklandDance,CulturalTraumaandVictimArt

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:Contemporarytheoriesofculturaltraumasuggestthatcollectiveidentitycanbeformedorreinforcedthroughculturally‐mediatedrepresentationsofatraumaticevent(Alexanderetal,2004).Throughsuchartisticandculturalexperiences,thepainfeltbytheactualvictimsoftraumaticevents(suchastheenslavingofancestors,anunfoldingmilitaryaction,thethreatofachangeinclimate)areprojectedontoanempatheticpopulation,suchasatown,nationorrace,fosteringsolidarityandasenseofcollectivetrauma.Academicinvestigationsintothisprocessofculturaltraumahavepredominantlyfocusedonthewaysthatmusic,literature,oralstory‐telling,filmandtelevisionhavebeenusedtoprojectpainacrossagroup(Sztompka2000;Eyerman2001;Alexanderetal2004).Thispaperconsidershowsuchtheoriesofculturaltraumaintersectwithdance,asaperformedartandasocialactivity.BasedonphenomenologicalandethnographicresearchundertakeninPalestine,ThePhilippines,AustraliaandTheNetherlands,thepaperfurtherexamineshowdanceartistsareforcedtonavigatearoundreactionsofpity,contemptandthepopularlabel'victimart'whenpresentingtheirtrauma‐dancesatinternationalfestivalsandotherinter‐culturalcontexts.Whentraumatizedcommunitiespresenttheirdancestoothersoutsidetheirsphereofcollectiveidentity,whatchallengesdoesthispresenttotheartistsandtheaudience?


21. JacquieKiddUniversityofAucklandSoIhavethisdata...nowwhat?Usingpoetrytoanalyseautoethnographyandportraynuance

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Autoethnographicalstoriesarerichwithemotion,mess,metaphorandsilence.Achallengeforresearchersworkingwithsuchdataistotreadlightlyamongthestories,nottamingortidyingorreframing,butportrayingtheiressencewithintegrity.Traditionalmethodsofanalysis,intheirdrivetouncovermeaning,tendtotrampleoverthenuanceofstories.ArthurFrank(2002)suggestsanalysingstoriesby'thinkingwithstories',andLaurelRichardson(1992)hasdemonstratedusingpoetrytointerpretdata.Thispresentationoffersadescriptionoftheprocessusedtoanalyseadoctoralprojectconsistingof19autoethnographicalstoriesfromnurseswhohaveexperiencedmentalillness.Poetryandshortstorieswereusedasameanstoillustratethemesandtoportraythesilences,hesitationsandcontradictionsinherentinthestories.


22. PatriciaTeArapoWallaceMacmillanBrownCentreforPacificStudies,UniversityofCanterburyTheHumptyDumptyfactor:extractingindigenoustechnologyfromcrushedeggshells

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveForms/PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGround

Abstract:

NotedMaoriacademicsBruceBiggsandHiriniMeadusedtheHumpty‐DumptyanalogytodescribethefateofMaoriculture.WhilecertainelementsofMaoriculturalpracticeendured,somewerelostintheprocessofsurvivingcolonialism;andconsciouslyorunconsciously,othersadaptedastheymetthechangingworld.Emergingexperimentalmethodsofresearchcombinedwithinterdisciplinaryanalysisofitemsofmaterialculturecanenablefragmentsofearlierculturalpracticetobepiecedtogetheragain.However,thecontemporaryethnographercannotassumethat21stcenturymembersofindigenoussocietieswholivegroundedinafamiliarculture,willenthusiasticallyreceiverecoveredinformationaboutthetechnologiesoftheirancestors.Newwaysofworkingtogetherareneeded.Onenewmethodwastriedearlierthisyear.AsmallgroupofskilledMaoriweaversrespondedtoapraxis‐orientedchallenge,undertakinganexperimentinordertoinvestigatetheresearcher'sperceptionofaneighteenthcenturyweavingtechnique.Thispaperdiscussestheprocess,challengesandpotentialoutcomesofthisundertaking;andseekswaystobroadensuchresearchpracticetoassisttherecoveryofindigenoustechnology.23. WITHDRAWNLavChintapalli


24. HamishCrocketUniversityofWaikatoRearticluatinggoalsoftransformationin"modernitywithoutillusions":Postmodernethicsandvisionsofchange.

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:ZygmauntBauman(1993)summarizedpostmodernethicsas"modernitywithoutillusions....Theillusionsinquestionboildowntothebeliefthatthe'messiness'ofthehumanworldisbutatemporaryandrepairablestate,soonerorlatertobereplacedbytheorderlyandsystematicruleofreason"(p.13).Contemporaryethnographyhasembracedmanyaspectsofpostmodernitywithoutfallingpreytothenihilismpredictedbyreactionarymodernists.However,adequatelyexpressinganethicalagendawithoutfallingbackintomodernistlanguageandthoughtcanoftenbechallenging.Isuggestthatfurtherexplorationofpostmodernethicsmightallowustobetterconceiveourethicalgoalsandprioritiesforconductingethnographicresearch.InthispaperIdrawontheethicsofEmmanuelLevinas,andtwoLevinasiantheorists:JacquesDerridaandZygmauntBauman.Indoingso,IarguethatLevinasianethicscanhelpethnographersrearticulateanethicsthatisfreefromthebindsofmodernism.IbeginbyexaminingBauman'srejectionoftraditionalformsofethics.Followingthis,IexaminetheformofethicsthatBaumandidnotreject:Levinas'conceptualizationofethicsasanon‐reciprocalobligationforanOther.Finally,IconsiderhowDerrida'snotionofaporiaallowsustoaccountforouractionsinthefaceofmultipleirreconcilableethicalobligations.Iarguethesethreeinsightsareusefultoolsforacontemporaryethnographythatismotivatedtoproduceabetterworld,yetreluctanttoworkfromaplatformofnormativityanduniversality.


25. ChongFengandXiyaoChenNZSchoolofTraditionalChineseMusic&PerformingArtsIdentityConstructioninMulticulturalNewZealand:EastmeetsWestviaMusic

Abstract:TraditionalChinesemusicisanessentialcomponentofChinesecultureandhasbeendevelopedasauniquesystemtoclassifyChinesemusicalphilosophies,theories,instrumentsandtechniques.TraditionalChinesemusicisnotsimplyaboutastringofnotes.Instead,eachnotehasitsownlifeandspirit.Musichasaspecialcapacitytoevokeandsymbolizetheemotionalandsemanticallyexperienceddimensionsofpeople'slives.Musicnotonlyexpressesorreflectswhatpeoplearelike,butalsocreatesandconstructspeople.Interculturalmusicalpracticescanberenderedintodevelopingasenseofbelonginginanewculture.ThispaperexploresidentityconstructionthroughintegratingtheChinesemusicintotheWesternmusic.Theethnographyinvestigatestheimportanceofculturalgraftinginidentityconstruction.Participantobservationwasconductedthroughthreekeymusicalgenres‐traditionalChineseinstruments,Westernsymphony,andheavymetalmusic.AconcertwasorganisedtografttraditionalChinesemusictosymphonyorchestra,whileaheavymetalbandwaspracticedtoblendtraditionalChinesemusicandheavymetalmusic.Thefindingssuggestthatsuchpracticesserveasaninterculturalcommunicationplatformonwhichmulticulturalidentitiesareconstructed.


26. TeaTorbenfeldtBengtssonTheDanishNationalCenterforSocialResearchThinkingoutoftheboxdoingethnographyinadefiantenvironment

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:DrawingonarecentfieldworkinaDanishsecurecareinstitutionforpredominantlycriminalboys,thispaperdiscussestherestraintsofgainingdataanddoingmeaningfulanalysesoftheboys'everydaylifeintheinstitution‐aneverydaylifemarkedbydefiantnessandboredom.Thepurposeofthepaperistodevelopareflexivemethodologicalapproachwhereanapparentfailuretoobtainmeaningfuldataisredefinedbyreflexivewideningtheunderstandingofwhatconstitutesethnographicaldata.Arguing,thatdataisnotalonewrittenfieldnotesortranscribedinterviewsthepaperadvocatesforanunderstandingofethnographicdataasacomplexmixtureoftheresearchcontext,theresearchersexperience,andthesituationalmeaningconstructionsofbothparticipantsandresearcher.Hereby,thepaperraisestheneedforaclearepistemologicalfoundedunderstandingofwhatconstitutesethnographicaldata.


27. RuthGibbonsTheHypertextualSelfScape:CrossingtheBarrieroftheSkin

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgresiveFormsAbstract:Illnessisalivedsensoryexperiencethatmayormaynotbevisibletoothers.ThisisthecasewiththeillnessesMyalgicEncephalomyelitis/ChronicFatigueSyndrome,FibromyalgiaandMultipleChemicalSensitivityasthebodydoesnotdisplaythechronicityoftheinternalexperience.Workingwithaparticipantgroup,thesehiddenexperiencesweremadevisualthroughethnographicmethodbycreating"MeBoxes"andmaskswhichshowedboththeexternalandembodiedinternalexperiencesofchronicillnessthroughtheuseofobjectsasvisualmetaphors.Outofthisethnographicworkevolvedthenewconceptofhypertextualself‐scapes;myfocusforthispresentation.Myparticipantswereabletotaketheexperiencesofillnesshiddenwithinthebarrieroftheirskinandmakethemavisualnarrative.Ialsowantedtofindawaytocaptureandhonourtheirexperienceinawaythatwouldallowtheaudience/viewertounderstandthemulti‐sensorynatureoflivingwithanon‐visiblechronicillness.TodothisIdevelopedandappliedahypertextualself‐scape,anewmodelthatculminatesinanexperientialportrait.Theseportraitswerecreatedthroughacollaborativeprocesswithparticipants.Theimagesdevelopedcommunicatesensoryexperienceandalsochallengetheboundariesofresearchparticipation,meaningthatthevieweralsobecomesaparticipant.Throughmypresentation,Ishowthatthesehypertextualimagestraversethebarriersoftheskinexaminingwhatitmeanstounderstandillnessaslivedsensoryexperience.


28. ShaunNicholson(POSTERPRESENATIONScreen&MediaStudies‐WaikatoUniversityCombiningAnalyticandEvocativeModesintoaVisualAutoethnography

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveForms Abstract:Theposterwilldemonstrateavisualtechniqueusedforanautoethnographyproject.Theprojectsituatedthetechnology‐enabledpracticeofreflexiveself‐presentationwithincontemporaryinternettrends;wheretheselfisaninternetpeerofotherswhocreateandconsumesharedphotogalleriesandblogs.TheprojectcombinedthecontrastingmodesofAnalyticandEvocativeAutoethnography(Anderson,2006;Denzin,2006;Ellis&Bochner,2006;Atkinson,2006).Thecombinationofmodessupportedananalyticalandinterpretiveengagementwithbiographicalvisualandverbaltravelnarratives.Theposterwillillustratetheoverwhelmingchallengeofdealingwith2,200familiartravelphotographs.Theposterwillrevealthebenefitofretrospectivetextualnarratives,anoutcomethatwasironicallyrevealedinavisualisation.TheAnalyticmodeencouragedthereconstructionofavisualchronologyandtheEvocativemodereinforcedthevisualchronologywithverbalanecdotesofsocialencounters.ThevisualchronologywasanexperimentalvisualisationthatextendedLatham'sphotographicdiary(2004)andplottedphotographsbasedontheirtimestampandlensfocallength.Theposterwillpresentthevisualisationtorevealadrawbackofvisualanalysis:chronologicalgapswhennophotographsaretaken.Theposterwilldemonstratehowanecdotesfromtheverbaljournalcomplementedthevisualgaps,andasPinksuggests,investedthephotographswithnewretrospectivemeaningsandre‐situatedthephotographswithintheautoethnography(Pink,2007,p.124).TheposterwillvisuallydemonstratethebeneficialsynthesisofAnalyticandEvocativemodesofautoethnography.ReferencesAnderson,L.2006,'AnalyticAutoethnography',JournalofContemporaryEthnography,vol.35,no.4,pp.373‐395.Atkinson,P.2006,'RescuingAutoethnography',JournalofContemporaryEthnography,vol.35,no.4,pp.400‐404.


29. ReginaMcMenomyWashingtonStateUniversityJustTweetIt:UsingOnlineSocialMediatoRecruitandPerformEthnographicResearchorHow140CharactersChangedMyLife.

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Asonlinetechnologieshaveemerged,theopportunitiesopentoqualitativeresearchershaveblossomed.Whilemanyscholarswereoncelimitedtorecruitingontheircampuseswithpostersorthroughnetworksoffriendsandcolleaguesbywordofmouth,nowlargeinterviewgroupscanbeopenedupwithasingleTweetoflessthan140characters.Socialmediahastheabilitytochangethe"snowball"effectthesamewaythejetenginechangedairtravel.TheviralnatureofsocialnetworkingsiteslikeFacebookandapplicationslikeTwitter,whichoftenlinktogetherpeoplewithsimilarinterests,allowresearchersawaytocommunicatewithlargergroupsofpeopleandtogathermoreextensivekindsofqualitativedata.Thiskindofexposurecanbeablessingandacursetoresearchers;havingtoomanyresearchsubjectscanbejustasproblematicashavingtoofew.Thispresentationwilldiscussusingsocialmediatorecruit(viaTwitter)andinterviewsubjects(viaSkype).Throughthatdiscussion,Iwillsharesomeofmydissertationresearchaboutwomenvideogamersandonlineidentitycreation.Lastly,Iwillexplorewaystomanagethechallengesandjoysthesetypesoftechnologycancreatefortheresearcher,aswellashownewepistemologieschangeandevolve.


30. BevinWilliamYeatmanUniversityofWaikatoConcept/tool:thinkingethnographythroughaudiovisualmedia

Emergingmethods:Traditional,experimental,transgressiveformsAbstract:Ifweunderstandconceptsastoolsthatallowustoengagewithourworldthenethnographycouldbeenergisediftheaudiovisualbecomesamajorcomponentinourresearchengagement,notonlyasavehicleforthedocumentationofresearchencountersandavehicleforthedistributionofideas,butmorefundamentallyasaplatformthroughwhichnewconceptualtoolscanbedevelopedandutilized.Thispaperexploressomeofthepossibilitiesofconceptualizationthroughtheaudiovisualbyexaminingtheconstructionsofspaceandtime;theimportanceofaffectexpressedthroughpaceandrhythm;aswellasthepossibilitiesofconnectionsinalloftheirvariety.Underlyingthisexaminationisanunderstandingofassemblage,asexpressedthroughManuelDeLanda'swork,andhowthisisausefulconceptualapproachforbothaconsiderationoftheaudiovisualandacomplementaryengagementwithethnography.Theaudiovisualasassemblageisanemergingmethodologicalapproachofferingnewopportunitiestoenhanceethnography.


31. JayMarloweTheUniversityofAuckland,SchoolofCounselling,HumanServicesandSocialWorkAccessing'Authentic'Knowledge:AnethnographicengagementwithaSudanesecommunityresettledinAustralia


Abstract:

Comingfrombackgroundswhereissuesoftrusthaveoftenbeenviolated,accessingreliableinformationfromresettlingrefugeepopulationscanbefraughtwithdilemmas.ThispaperreportsonathreeyearresearchprojectandthenecessityofelevatingthevoicesofSouthernSudanesemenresettlinginAdelaide,Australiatobetterunderstandhowtheyhaverespondedtotraumaticexperiences.ThestudyisinformedthroughanethnographicengagementwiththisSouthernSudanesecommunityandsemi‐structuredinterviewswithtwentyfourmen.Contexualisingthisresearchthroughthecontestedperspectivesontrauma,resettlementandrecovery,itfurtherhighlightstheimportanceofethnographicinquiryintothelivedexperiencesofsomeofAustralia'smostrecentarrivals.Theprocessofaccessing'authentic'knowledgeisdiscussedbyforwardinganimperativetoestablisharelationshipwiththerefugeecommunityandreflexivelyengagingwiththeprocessofsharingstoriesofprofoundsignificance.Thisrelationshipisfurtherqualifiedbydifferentiating'being'and'doing'forthosewantingtosupportandbetterunderstandresettlingrefugeepopulations.


32. YonnieKyounghwaKIMTheUniversityofTokyoAn"insider'sview"inmediastudies:Caseanalysisofperformanceethnographyinmobilemediastudies


Abstract:

Oneofemergingissuesinmediastudiesishowtodevelopanintegralmethodologytodescribeadigitalmediaphenomenon,whereasconventionalmethodssuchasalarge‐scaledsurveyandstatisticalanalysisencounterdifficultiesintheirattemptstoaddressmultiplycontextsoftheuseofdigitaldevices.Thispaperreflectsonperformanceethnographyasamethodologicalperspectivetoinvestigatedigitalmedia,lookingspeciallyattheculturalpracticesofmobiletechnologyinSouthKorea.Afterabriefdiscussiononrecentattemptstointroducenewapproachesininvestigatingmultimodalandhighlypersonalizedmobilemedia,thispaperwillpresentandanalyseaworkshoptitled"Performingtypicalmobilelandscape@Seoul",conductedbythepresenterinMay2009.Theworkshop,whereseveralyoungparticipantscreatedandperformedskitsdescribingtypicalusingscenesofmobilephonesinSeoul,wasdesignedinordertoexploreSouthKoreanyoungsters'mobilemediapracticesintheir"natural"settings.Fromanintegratedanalysisoftheworkshopprocess,itsoutput‐skitsperformedbyparticipantsandtheresearcher'sobservation,thepaperwilltrytorevealhowSouthKoreanyoungsterssituateahigh‐techmobilityintheirculturalpracticesand,howthosepracticesarelinkedtotherepresentationofmobiletechnologyincommunities.Finallyitwillsuggestanemicframework,thatistosay,"insider'sview"asapossiblenewperspectiveinmediastudies,thus,toclarifypotentialcontributionofperformanceethnographicmethodstothestudyofdigitalmedia.


33. JacquelineDreessensWildMoves"ChildrenoftheBlueLight":Bringingintransculturalvoicesashealingthroughmusicanddance.


Abstract:

Across‐culturalcollaborationbetweenWildMoves,AustraliaandAsantidancetheatre,Ghana.FilmedonlocationintheslavedungeonsoftheCapeCoastCastle,Ghana,WestAfrica.Thismusicaldocumentarycelebratesemancipationandreconciliationbetweenculturesandbetweenpastandpresenttimeswithrespecttoandinhonouroftraditionalculture,AncestorsaswellastheRockthatthefortresswasbuiltupon.TheinspirationforthecontemporarydanceritualreflectsthestoriesoftheAustralianandGhanaianperformersaswellasthe'LivingMemory'containedwithinthewallsofthefortress.Thefilmisinhonourofallmixedracechildrenandisatestimonytothestrengthandenduranceofthehumanspirit.A'bucket'ofcommunalpain,anguishandlossreceivesthesilentwrithingofwomentouchingtheirswollenbelliesof'mixed'blood.the'BlueLight'gentlyholdsthem.Tunnelsofdarkeneddrainsandstainedwallsfromyearsofbodyfluids,hardenedwiththeflowofa"bloodyhistorythatisforeverlost".thesolidrockfoundationsof'sacredground'gentlyholdsthis"livingmemory".Condemnedtodeathforthebeliefintheirdignity,theemasculatedwarriorssharetheshrilloftheirrebelliousbehaviour.the'BlueLight'hearstheircry.TheGovernor'sroomis'swept'and'cleansed'frominnocencelosttopowerandcontrol.tobereleasedtothe'BlueLight'forhealingoftimeandspace.As'capturedcommodities',theAncestralspiritsgentlyguidetheirpeopletosearchforthe'spacesoffreedom'whilstburriedinthedepthsoftheirdarkenedtombsofdespair.Enshroudedwithprotective'BlueLight',the'Children'reclaimtheirplacewheretheirbodiesweresoldtothehungryeyeswithintheauctionhall.LibationcallstheAncestorstobepresentasthetraditionaldancerevealsthesecretsofthe'gift'fromtheCreator,inhonourofthespiritthatresidesinthe'blood'oftheirbodies.Themusicandthedanceholdthe'safehaven'toexpressatimepast,releasingitfromtheshacklesofconfusionandcontrol.The"DoorsofNoReturn"areonceagain'opened'towelcomeallthathavejourneyedintheirdarknesstoarriveinacelebrationofhopeforsustaininglifeinbalanceandharmony.


34. KarenBarbourTheUniversityofWaikato,FacultyofEducationStandingcentrestage:Autoethnographicwritingandsolodanceperformance


Abstract:

Inthisperformance,Iembodyamethodologicalfusionbetweenautoethnographicwritingandsolocontemporarydancepractices.AsafeministresearcherandcreativepractitionerIhaveanagendatoexplore,demonstrateandarticulatenewmethodsandrepresentationsofresearchthatbringthefemaleperformertothecenteroftheresearchstage.Inparticular,Iammotivatedtospotlightembodiedwaysofknowing,validatingepistemologicalalternativestothosetraditionallyacceptedwithinWesternacademies.AcknowledgingtheworkofTamiSpry(2001),Iarguethatautoethnographicperformancebecomesamethodofinquiryintomylifeindanceperformance,allowingmetoengagewithissuesofreflexivity,identity,embodiment,culturalcommentary,transformationandempowerment.Significantly,thismethodofinquiryisbasedupondanceperformanceexperience,encompassingchoreographicandtheatricalknowledges,andmovementtraining,thusmovingpastthe'performanceturn'inethnographyandtowardsthemorerecentdevelopmentsof'creativepracticeasresearch'.Consequently,Iamabletoembodythroughautoethnographicperformance,thatwhichIamunabletowriteonthepage,andpromotenewformscontemporaryethnography.


35. SynthiaSydnorandRobertFagenUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana‐ChampaignPlotlessness,Ethnography,Ethology

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveForm

Abstract:

Plotlessness,Ethnography,Ethology.nottext,buttexture;notthedreamButtopsy‐turvicalcoincidence,Notflimsynonsense,butawebofsense.VladimirNabokov,PaleFireEthnographyandethologyhaveofferedparallelmodernistresponsestothechallengeposedbyothernessandtothetheories/methodsoftheresearchtextsthemselvesthatareproducedandperformedintheseareasofstudy.Forexample,ethnographytypicallypromisedasuprememomentofinsight,anintellectualepiphany,whenthetrainedethnographer'spatientandpainstakingfieldworkfinallycrackedthecodeofthealienculturetorevealthephilosophicalandmetaphysicalessencethatconstitutedthatculture'spreviously‐bafflingotherness.Similarly,fieldstudiesofanimalbehaviorpromisedaroyalroadtotheUmweltenofnaturesandculturesfarmorealienand"other"thaneventhemostexoticformsofthehumancondition.Scholarsin20thcenturyethnographyandethologywentontolongquestionthesephilosophicalandmethodologicalbasesandbythebeginningofthe21stcenturytheircriticismsandanswerstosuchdilemmasurgedarangeofinterrelatedresponsesincluding:epistemologicaldecenteringandrecontextualizingofinquiry;illuminationofthetensionsbetween,andexperimentationwithtraditionalandavant‐garderhetorical,statistical,evidence‐based,performanceandliteraryformsnecessaryforpresentationofresearch;andreturntoand/orfinerarticulationofthegoalsofethologyandethnography.Withintheseresponsesweareparticularlyinterestedinunderstanding"plotlessness"aconceptthatsurfacesinrecentethnographyandethology,butthatweseektofurtherexploreandrefine,especiallyinregardtotheinterminglingofworkinethologyandethnography.


36. RichardPringleUniversityofAucklandThemoralproblematizationofhypermasculinesport


Abstract:

Numerousresearchershaveraisedconcernsabouttheconstructionofdangerousorproblematicmasculinitieswithinsportingfratriarchies.Yetlittleisknowabouthowmalesportenthusiastswhoarecriticalofselecthypermasculineperformancesnegotiatetheircontinuedinvolvementinsport.Theaimofthispaperwastoexaminehowpurposefullyselectedmaleintervieweesnegotiatedsportingtensionsassociatedwithhypermasculineperformancesandhowthesenegotiationsshapedtheir(masculine)selves.IdrawonFoucault's(1992)theorizingonthemodesofsubjectivationtoanalyzehowmyintervieweesproblematizedtheirrespectivesportculturesinspecificrelationtothesexualizationorabuseoffemales,publicactsofdrunkennessandexcessivetrainingdemands.Resultsillustratedhowtheintervieweesproducedselves,viathemoralproblematizationofsportingpleasuresandspecifictechnologiesofself,thatrejectedthevaluesormoralcodesofhypermasculinityinanattempttocreateethicalmasculinities.Althoughnotarevolutionarysolution,Isuggestthataproliferationoftechniquesofselfthatstruggleagainsthypermasculineformsofsubjectioncouldbeoneformofethicalresponsetothewell‐documentedproblemssurroundingmasculinitiesandsport.


37. LillianTaiririShorterAUTUniversityMaoriMaleExInmatesandtheDevelopmentofHealingProgrammes

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:ThisresearchseekstoidentifythecharacteristicsofaneffectivehealingprogrammeforMaorirecidivists.ThedatasharedfromafocusgroupoffourMaoriex‐inmateswithahistoryofrepeatoffendinginthehopeofdevelopingamodelofhealingprogramsforMaoricurrentlyinprison.ItisexpectedthattheinvolvementofMaoriinthedevelopmentofahealingprogrammewillencourageandempowerthemtobecomemoreinvolvedinprisonreform,andinthefacilitationofprogramsaimedatasuccessfulandsafetransitionofMaorioffendersfromprisonbacktotheirwhanau,hapu,iwiandcommunity.


38. DorothySpillerTDU,UniversityofWaikatoAdvocatesforteaching:reconceptualisingthepracticeofteachingdevelopmentinauniversity

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:TeachingdevelopmentunitshavebeenprovidedatmostAustralasianandBritishuniversitiesoverthelastthirtyyears.typically,unitshaveprovidedworkshops,coursesandindividualconsultationsinavarietyofformats.Theseunitshavealwaysattractedenthusiasts,buthaveoftenstruggledtobringaboutafundamentalshiftinorganisationalthinkingaboutteaching.Atthesametime,externalpressuressuchasPerformanceBasedResearchFundingdrawacademicsawayfromteachingconcernsandcreateadditionalchallengesforstaffdevelopers.TheTeachingDevelopmentUnitattheUniversityofWaikato(TDU)isreconceptualisingitsapproachwithaviewtobuildingacultureinwhichadvocatesforteachingcanhelptobuildcapabilityandcapacityinteachingacrosstheorganisation.Thegoalistopromoteanddevelop"solidaritynetworks"ofpeoplewhovalueteachingacrosstheacademiccommunityandtoreinforcethiswithteachingadvocacyatthestrategicandpolicylevelssothatinstitutionalnorms,processesandpoliciesindicateahighregardforteachingandrequireaccountabilityfromacademicsinrelationtoteachingmatters.TheTDUhasbeenbuildingacultureofadvocacyinanumberofwaysandindifferentforumsTheseincludeinvolvementinthedesignofkeyteaching‐relatedpoliciesandparticipationontheTeachingQualityCommittee.Otherinititivesincludeacrosscampusteachingnetwork,apostgraduatesupervisors'conversationnetwork,andthesettingupoffacultyadvocatestoco‐ordinateteaching‐relatedinitiatives.TheTDUisusinganactionresearchmodeltomonitorandevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheseinitiativesandtoinformmodificationsandrefinements.Inthisoralpresentation,wepresentourfindingstodateandreflectonthesuccessesandlimitationsofourmodelof"solidaritynetworks"instrentheningorganisationalcultureandcapabilityaroundteaching.


39. KataFulopUniversityofCanterburySomethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowedandsomethingblue:Combiningtraditionalethnography,artsbasedmethodsandPasifikamethods

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:ThispresentationdiscusseshowPasifikamethods,basedlooselyonKaupapaMaori,andartsbasedmethodscanbewoventogetherwith'traditional'ethnographyinresearch.Whatarethechallenges,processesandadvantagesofsuchacombination,andwhataretheimplicationsforethnographicmethods?Thesequestionswillbediscussedfrommultipleperspectives,exploringthisuniquecombinationofemergingmethods,andtakingexamplesfromtheexplorationofhowPasifikapeopleinNewZealandperformtheirculturalidentity.PasifikamethodsstronglyrelatetothetopicofindigenousknowledgeandKaupapaMaori.WhereasPolynesianwaysofapproachingknowledgehavebeenaroundforcenturies,theirrecognitioninresearchhasonlytakenplaceinrecenttimes.FollowingtheassumptionthatisitessentialtodoresearchaccordingtoPasifikavalueswhenresearchingwithandonPasifikapeopleandissues,Pasifikamethodswillbediscussedasaguidingprinciple.Theuseofartsbasedmethodshasemergedinthelastdecadesandallowedresearchersandparticipantstoexploreknowledgeindifferent,richerways.Thispaperarguesthatarts,andinthiscaseperformance,areanorganicpartofpeople'slives,andsowhencombinedwithethnographyandPasifikamethodsartsbasedmethodscanleadtouniqueunderstandings.IntheexplorationofhowPasifikapeopleinNewZealandperformtheirculturalidentity,marryingthesethreemethodsisessential,foritcanleadtoricherdata,deeperunderstanding,betterrelationshipswithparticipants,andbeaguidetoethicalissuesaswell.

40. WITHDRAWNTomGibbons41. WITHDRAWNWendyWenLi


42. VivienneElizabethUniversityofAucklandMovedtohear?Poeticrepresentationsoflossandstruggleinmothers'storiesofcustodydisputes


Abstract:

SeveralyearsagoI(VE)satdowninthekitchenofanordinaryAucklandhometohearthestoryofErica,awomanwhowasdisputingthecareandcontactarrangementsforhersmallchildrenwithherex‐husband,Jason.Herswasoneof21storiesthatwe(VE,NG&JT)collectedaspartofourresearchintowomen'sexperiencesofdealingwithdisputesoverpost‐separationparentingarrangementsthroughlegalorquasi‐legalprocesses.However,Erica'sstorywasradicallydifferentfromtheothersinonesignificantrespect:shehadlosttheday‐todaycareofherchildrenandwasstrugglingtobecomearesidentmotheragain.Lacedwiththepainofunjustloss,Erica'sstorycriesoutforthekindofrepresentationenvisagedbyPelias'(2004)methodologyoftheheart‐'scholarshipthatfostersconnections,opensspacesfordialogue,heals'(Pelias,2004,p.2).AsPeliasandothers(forexample,LaurelRichardson,1994,2000,2002)havesuggested,poeticrepresentationsareeminentlysuitableforsuchscholarshipbecausepoetictextsworkatthelevelofourmindsaswellasourhearts;apoemasksustorespondwithfeeling.Inthispaper,weexplorethesignificanceofpoetryforthesocialsciencesthroughpoeticrepresentationsofthestoriesofthewomeninourstudy,withaparticularfocusonErica.Wecontendthatpoetryandothernewrepresentationalformatshaveanimportantroletoplayinenablingaudiencesofourresearchtohearwiththeirheartsandtobemoved.


43. AlysLongleyTheUniversityofAucklandMovementInitiatedWritinginDanceEthnography


Abstract:

Acentralissueincontemporarydanceethnographyisthatofwritingthesomatic‐theattempttoarticulatekinesthetic,bodilysensationsthatemergeinaparticularcultureorcontext,withinaresearchformat(Ness,1992;Sklar,2000).Emergingmethodsincludingperformancemakingandpoetic,narrative,experimentalorperformativewritingcreatespaceforrecognitionofchoreographicandsensoryknowledgeswithinethnographicresearch.ThispaperpresentsacasestudythatillustrateswhatIterm'movement‐initiatedwriting'‐writingthatemergesthroughdancemaking,whereinthedanceethnographerisaparticipant‐observerinstudiopractice.Thisemicapproachattemptstotranslatethefeltaffectsofaspecificworldofmovementintoperformancessitedintheterrainsofpages.ThismodeofwritingdrawsonRolandBarthes(1977)notionofthe'grainofthevoice',GillesDeleuze'sconceptofthe'minorliterature',(DeleuzeandGuattari,1986,1987)HélèneCixous'sdiscussionofécriturefeminine(Cixous,1975)andthefieldofperformancewriting.


44. LorenaGibsonMasseyUniversityTeachinganthropologyandlearningabouthopeatTalimiHaqSchool


Abstract:

Hopeisafascinatingconcepttothinkaboutasananthropologist.Hope,asawayofengaginginthepresentwithaworldthatisnotyethere,revealsmuchaboutmodesofbeingintheworld.Philosophersandtheologianshavelongbeenconcernedwithhope,anditisalsoofinteresttomedicalpractitionersandpsychologists,butuntilrecentlyhopehasreceivedrelativelylittleattentioninothersocialsciences.JohnLawsuggeststhatthisisbecausesocialsciencemethodsdon'treallycatch"complex,diffuseandmessy"phenomenasuchashope,andthatnewmethodsareneededtounderstandthem(2004:2).Iarguethatethnographicmethodsareeminentlysuitedtocapturethiskindofphenomena.Iusedarangeofethnographicmethodstounderstandtherelationshipbetweenhope,agency,anddevelopmentinmyresearchintowomenorganisingforsocialchangeatthegrassrootslevelinurbanpoorareasofIndiaandPapuaNewGuinea.InthispaperIdiscussmyinvolvementasateacheratTalimiHaqSchool,anon‐formalschoolforchildrenlivinginPriyaMannaBasti(acentury‐oldjuteworkers'sluminHowrah,WestBengal,India).Inconjunctionwiththeschool'svolunteerteachers,Itaughtashortcourseinsocialanthropologybasedontheirphilosophyof"learningbydoing"and,intheprocess,learntmuchaboutlifeinthispredominantlyMuslimslum.Ireflectonmyexperiencestodiscussthetypesofknowledgethatethnographicmethodscanproduceabout"messy"conceptssuchashope.


45. CharisBrownMinistryofPacificIslandAffairsVideoDiaryMethodforVisualEthnography


Abstract:

ThispresentationdescribesthecharacteristicsandbenefitsofavisualethnographymethodcalledVideoDiary.Videodiariesareparticipant‐generatedvideodocumentationofaparticipant'slife.Scholarshaveusedthemmostlyinconjunctionwithothermethods‐inactionresearchorinstudiesofidentityperformance.Althoughinfrequentlyused,themethodishighlysuitableforstudyingaspectsofcultureasparticipantsliveandperformit.ThewayweusedtheVideoDiariesprovidesexceptionallyrichdata.Participantsreview,reflect,construct,deconstruct,andcollaboratewiththeresearchertoco‐constructmeaningofselectedcomponentsoftheirlives.RelativetopriorapplicationsoftheVideoDiarymethod,ourapproachdemandsmoreresearcherinvolvementthroughouttheprocess.Researcherandparticipantcreateandmaintainacloserelationship.Theirlivesnecessarilyintertwine.Collaborativeanalysisoccursthroughouttheengagement.Researchparticipantsbenefitfromthecontrol,voiceandpowerthatVideoDiariesgivethem.Thus,VideoDiariesareespeciallysuitableforminoritycultures.WeillustratethespecialfeaturesofthemethodbasedonourexperiencesinusingittounderstandconsumeracculturationofPacificPeopleinNewZealand.


46. NaomiSimmondsTheUniversityofWaikatoWeavingmultiplemethods:integratingqualitativeandmanawahine(Maorifeminist)methodologiestoexaminethechildbirthexperiencesofMaoriwomeninAotearoaNewZealand.


Abstract:

Childbirthisaprofoundandlifechangingexperience.Yet,women'snarrativesandexperiencesofchildbirtharerarelysharedoutsideoftheirimmediatefamilyandfriends.Giventheintimateandverypersonalnatureofthiseventitisnotsurprisingthatthisisthecase.FormanyMaoriwomencolonisationisaddedtothemix,theimpactsofwhichhavebeendevastatingforMaoriwomen'sbirthingnarratives.InthispaperIexaminetheneedforculturallysafeandappropriateresearchmethodologieswhenengagingwithMaoriwomen'snarrativesabouttheirembodied,spatialandspiritualexperiencesofchildbirthinAotearoaNewZealand.IchartthemethodologicaljourneyofmyPhDresearchanddiscusshowIhaveusedqualitativemethodologies(suchasin‐depthinterviews,soliciteddiariesandself‐directedphotography)embeddedwithinamanawahine(Maorifeminist)frameworkinanattempttotransformthespaces(physical,ideologicalandmethodological)ofresearch.Iarguethatindigenousmethodologies,suchasmanawahine,arenecessaryinordertochallengethehegemonyofWestern,masculinistandcolonialideologiesandresearchpractices.Furthermore,auniquelymanawahinemethodologyholdsontothelivedexperiencesofwomenanditenableselementssuchasemotion,wairua(spirituality)andcontradictionsandtensionstobewrittenintothetext.


47. BradMcKennaUniversityofAucklandAnetnographicapproachtothreedimensionalvirtualworlds


Abstract:

Virtualworldsareonline,threedimensional,computergeneratedworlds,whereuserscreateavatarsandusethemtointeractwithotheravatarsandobjectswithinvirtualworlds.Thesevirtualworldsprovidenewformsofcollaborationandsocialinteraction.AmongthemostwellknownvirtualworldtodayisSecondLife(secondlife.com),a3Dvirtualworldwhereuserscansocialise,collaborate,andconductbusinessusingvoiceandtextchatthroughpersonalavatars.VirtualworldshavealsoreachedthegamingindustryandareknownasMassivelyMultiplayerOnlineRolePlayingGames(MMORPGs),withthemostwellknownbeingWorldofWarcraft(WOW).MMORPGsareattractingscholarlyattentionasanimportantsocialphenomenon.GamessuchasWOWofferalternativeworldswheresocialfunctions,learning,andthedevelopmentofsocialskillscanbepracticedinavirtualenvironment.Associalinteractionsmoveintothevirtualarena,researchmethodstostudythemneedtobeadapted.ThispaperwillpresentanetnographicapproachtoexaminingthesocialstructureswhichexistinSecondLifeandWorldofWarcaft.Netnography(Kozinets,2010)adaptsethnographicresearchtechniquestothestudyofculturesandcommunitiesemergingthroughcomputer‐mediatedcommunications.Ourgoalistodiscussnetnographyanditsuseinthestudyofthreedimensionalvirtualworlds,alongwithaconsiderationofvariousethicalissues.


48. MarySimsponUniveristyofWaikatoWorkingwithrealpeople:Recognition,reciprocity,andbalancewithinaresearchteamparticipantorganisationrelationship


Abstract:

ThePrinciplesoftheTreatyofWaitangi/TeTiritioWaitangi‐partnership,participation,protection‐canbeappliedtoinformresearchpracticeinAotearoaNewZealand(e.g.,Authors,2009).However,researchconcerningandinvolvingPakeharesearchersandMaoriparticipants,hasalsobeendescribedas'trickyground'(Smith,2005,p.85).Inthiscontext,researchinvolvingMaorirequiresappropriateconsultationprocesses;jointdecisionsonhowrespect,recognition,andinvolvementareenacted;andclearidentificationoftheexpectedbenefits(includingresearchbenefits)forallparties(Smith,2005).Allofthesehavepracticalimplicationsforindividualresearchersandparticipatingorganisations.ThispaperexploresthechallengesandhighlightsinworkingtoestablishaneffectiveresearchrelationshipbetweenaPakeharesearchteam‐thePositiveAgingResearchTeam‐andRauawaawaKaumatuaCharitableTrustBoard.Foundedonasharedinterestinthewellbeingofelders(persons65‐yearsandover)generally,andkorouaandkuia(kaumatua)specifically,effortstoestablisharelationshipwereguidedbyvaluesassociatedwithrecognitionofeachparty'scontributionstotheresearch,reciprocityofresources,andbalanceofagencyintheprocess.Wedescribehow,inthis(ongoingprocess),theResearchTeamandRauawaawawereabletodealwithemergingissues‐suchastheimpactofinstitutionalconstraintsandtheinfluenceofdifferingworldviews‐andmeettheirown,aswellaseachother'spriorities.Wedemonstratethatestablishingaclearrelationshipenablesopennessandresponsivenesswithintheresearchprocess,andinturnbenefitspracticeandadvocacygoalsofbothparticipantorganisationandresearchteam.


49. MarySimspon,TongaKelly,RangimahoraReddy,YvonneWilson,

MargaretRichardson,andTedZorn

UniveristyofWaikatoWorkingwithrealpeople:CocreationofdatagatheringmethodsforresearchonKaumatuainteractionswithorganisationalrepresentatives


Abstract:

InAotearoaNewZealand,therolesofkaumatua(Maorielders)havereceivedattentionwithinthecontextofbothtraditionalandchanging,MaoriandNewZealandsocieties(e.g.,Durie,1999;2003).However,aswithelders(people65‐yearsandover)generally,waysinwhichkaumatuaengagewithorganisationsinsociety,ascustomers,consumers,members,orinvestors,isopenterritoryintermsofresearch.Thisterritoryincludesboth'mainstream'organisationssuchasbanks,supermarkets,andsocialservices,aswellasMaoriorganisationssuchasmarae,culturalgroups,andhealthservices.Thispaperreportsonaresearchprojectfocusedonkaumatua,andinvolvingthePositiveAgeingResearchTeamandtheRauawaawaKaumatuaCharitableTrustBoard.Theprojectispartofawiderthree‐yearstudywhichaimstoexaminetheinteractionsbetweeneldersandorganisationalrepresentatives,andhowthoseinteractionsmightbeimpactedbyageism(positiveandnegative).ThisabstractfocusesonhowtheresearchdesigncateredfortheneedsofkaumatuaandRauawaawa,aswellasmetthegoalsoftheResearchTeam.WebeginbydescribingtheprocessandtheoutcomesoftheResearchTeamandRauawaawa'sco‐creationofdata‐collectionmethods.Wethendiscusskaumatuaresponsestothemethods,whichincludedindividualandgroupinterviews‐conductedinEnglishandTeReo‐aswellasrecordinginteractionswithorganisationalrepresentativesoverafewweeks.Thepaperhighlightswaysinwhichjointworkbetweenresearchersandparticipantorganisationscanhelptobroadenthescopeofresearchtoworkcreativelywith'realpeople'.


50. MargGillingMasseyUniversity'Family'whatdoesitmean?


Abstract:

Thereisnothingmoreunequalthantreatingunequalsequally."Family',howeverdefined,isneveraboutequalityforpowerrelationships,notionsofinfluence,dutyandaccountability...areintegral.Myargumentisthatinthiscountrygovernment,andpakehamiddleclassideology,i.e.hegemony,have,still,animplicitnormative'model'of'family'astwoparentspluskids.Fix‐itmeasuresi.e.welfareschemes,decileloadingsforschools,whanauora...areeitherpredicatedonthisthinking,orattemptsto'patch'things‐up,and/ordealwithproblems.Thenotionofdifferentworldviews,waysofthinking,being,structure‐ingones'world...areneitherconsidered,nor,therefore,accepted,notevenacknowledged.Nearlythirtyyearsagoilivedwithsix'different'familiesforeightdaysformydoctoralresearch,aformofethnographicresearchwhichwouldprobablynotgetthroughhumanethicscommitteestoday.itriedtojuxtaposetheirdefinitions,theirpraxis,withgovernmentaldefinitionsandpraxis,inordertodevelopatheoryofparentinginwesternwhitesociety.Todayiamwritingabookofcriticalessays‐askingquestionsaboutthemeaningof'family';ofconceptssuchas'self',belonging,caring,responsibility,power...itakeUlrichBeckseriouslywhenhesaysthat'thefamily'istherubbishbinofthewesternworld.'Family'isfundamentalformosthumanbeings‐yet,iclaim,oneofthemajorissuesindealingwithsocialjusticeisthisimplicitubiquitousmodel.Weneedchange.


51. SteveK.W.LangMasseyUniversityPoeticautoethnographyinnervoices


Abstract:

Iusefreeformpoeticnarrativestogenerateautoethnographicvignetteswhichillustrateandinformmyexperiences.MyPhDusedthismethod,alongsidearelectivejournaland'academic'writing,inordertoexplorethedevelomentofaKaupapaPakeha,orcriticalmethodology,whichmightrendermycounsellingpracticebiculturallyresponsive.NowIturntofacemyaddictions...InsidetheredriversrunTwistingConstrainedandbackingupCloggedFromtoomanywitheredPromisesTonotsuckonanotherWhite‐stick.ButyouCANbreatheSanjisaidAndIbelievehimToday.WhatIwritewithoutpreflection,becomesthesourceforreflection.


52. AdisornJuntrasookHigherEducationDevelopmentCentre,UniversityofOtagoUnpackingtheComplexitiesofLeadershipinAcademicLifethroughtheMultipleLensesofNarrativeAnalysis


Abstract:

ThispaperisbasedonmystudyofacademicleadershipasitisexperiencedandunderstoodbyacademicsinAotearoaNewZealand,withaparticularfocusonhowbroadersocialandpersonalcontextsintersectwiththeirprofessionalnarratives.Byshiftingthefocusfrom'leadershipofacademicwork'to'leadershipinacademiclife',Iattempttodisruptdominantdiscoursesinhighereducationthatoftenemphasise'whatworks'over'whatmakessense'.Accordingly,narrativeinquiry,whichaimstoexplorethesystemsandstructuresofmeaningsthatpeopleassigntotheirexperiences,isemployedasmyresearchmethodology.Thefieldofnarrativeinquiry,however,isbroadandambiguousespeciallywithitsrangeofanalyticalapproaches.Somenarrativeinquirers(storyanalysts)areinterestedinthe'what'(thematicandstructuralanalysis),andthe'how'(performativeanalysis)ofthenarratives.Others(storytellers)areinterestedinconstructingnewnarrativesasaformofanalysisinitself.Multipleanalyticalandreflexiveapproachessuggestedbysomecontemporaryscholars(e.g.Alvesson,Hardy&Harley;Sparkes&Smith)canrevealmorecomplexityofthephenomenon.Inthispaper,Ipresentapreliminaryanalysisthatillustratessomeofthepossibilities,meritsandproblemsofutilisinganalyticdiversity.53. WITHDRAWNBrandyAnnSato


54. AmandaM.YoungHauserStoriesthatnobodywantstohear:Researchingatabootopic


Abstract:

Thisethnographicstudydealswithahighlyemotivetopic.Iexplorethecharacterizationofmenwhosexuallyabuse(d)childrenacrossinstitutional,publicandprivatenarratives.Theseincludeofficialandarchivalmaterials,newsmediareports,focusgroupdiscussionswithmembersofthepublic,afocusgroupdiscussionbetweensupportpersonsofmenwhohavesexuallyoffendedagainstchildren,andconversationswithtenmenwhosexuallyabusedchildrenpre‐andpost‐prisonrelease.Anarrativeframeworkprovidesthemortarforcombiningthevariouselementsoftheresearchintoacoherentwhole.Findingsillustrateaproclivityfordualisticconceptualisationsof'us'(thepublic)and'them'(childsexoffenders)thatcreatesandmaintainssocialdistance,andextendourunderstandingsandresponsestothispressingsocialissue.


55. CaroleChristineTeague,ProfessorLeliaGreen,DrDavidLeithEdithCowanUniversityFOUNDINTHEFIELD:APersonalJourneytotheOtherSide


Abstract:

Thispaperaddressestheexperienceofamanagerturnedethnographer,andcelebratesthenewunderstandingsfoundinthefieldbuthiddenwhenviewedthroughthelensesofeverydaycorporatelife.Inaradicalapproachtotheinvestigationofsafetyculture,thismanagerresignedfromtheorganisationbeforebeingtrainedasapublictransporttransitofficerwithaviewtocarryingoutethnographicresearchaspartofthetransitofficerworkforce.Beginningwithatwelveweekmetamorphosisinaninductionandtrainingworkshop,theethnographergraduallylearnedwaysofworkingwithintheranksofthismarginalisedminority.Isolatedbyarulekeepingrolewhichincludestheauthoriseduseofforce,transitofficersnonethelessexperiencethestigmaofbeing'plasticcops''wannabecops'andtransitpigs'.Thistransitionfrommanagertotransitofficercadrewasnoteasy.Ittooktimefortransitofficerstoacceptthemanagerintheirmidstasoneofthem.Ittooknerveforothermanagerstoacceptthatoneoftheirownwouldbesafeonthelineandwouldstillsupportthemifsystemfailureswerediscovered.Thispapercelebratesthesuccessfulnegotiationoftheseconflictedfearsandhopes.


56. ToniBruceTheUniversityofWaikatoBatteredbytheMedia:TheValueofTheoryasaMethodforLesseningthePainofLivedExperience


Abstract:

Academicresearchersoftenutiliseethnographyasamethodformakingsenseoflivedexperience.Inthispresentation,myintentionistocomeatethnographyandmethodologyfromaslightlydifferentpositionasIconsiderthepossibilitiesofferedbyconsideringtheoryasamethodfordealingwithadifficultlivedexperiencerelatedtomyprofessionalacademicrole.Iexplorehowtheory‐asmethod‐providedthenecessaryspacetore‐frameanepiphanicmediaencountersounexpectedandemotionallydrainingthatIinitiallystruggledtodealwithit.


57. VictoriaParaschakUniversityofWindsorTransformingWhileBeingTransformed:Walkingonthe"BrightSideoftheRoad"


Abstract:

Doingethnographicresearchhastaughtmetobeagoodobserver,tolistenandbeopentosurpriseandgrowth,toturntoothersasthe"experts".Theseskillshavehelpedmeasateacher,researcherandpractitionerworkingtowardssocialjusticeandthetransformationofthoseIinteractwith,whethertheyarestudents,otherresearchersorresearchco‐participants.Particulartheoreticalframeworkshaveemergedformeasusefulwaystodothiswork.Onefoundationalapproachtomyresearch/teaching/advocacyhasbecometheStrengthsPerspective.Keyprinciplesincludetheassumptionthatallindividuals,regardlessoftheircircumstances,havestrengths.Thesestrengthsmustbeidentified,andwaystofurtherstrengthenthemthroughtheuseofavailableresourcesintheirenvironmentaredeterminedandpursued.Thisapproach,whichundercutsthe'deficitperspective'usuallyappliedtomarginalizedindividuals/groups/communities,hasbecomecentraltomyteaching,totheparticipatoryactionresearchIdowith"atrisk"youthofpromiseinlocalhighschools,andtothewaysIworkwithAboriginalwomentounderstandandcreatetheirvisionforsport.IthastransformedthewaysIviewtheworld,thewaysmystudentslearnabout/seetheworld,andthewaysmyco‐participantsdescribeandapproachtheworld.InthispresentationIwillspeaktothe"strengths"ofusingtheStrengthsPerspectivetogenerateethnographicunderstandingsthattransformtheresearcheraswellastheresearchco‐participants.58. WITHDRAWNStephenD.Mosher


59. LisaMareeMauriceTakereiManukauInstituteofTechnologyOccupationalIdentity


Abstract:Thetaskofestablishingidentitywithinthemessyandoftenchangingrealmoftertiaryvocationaleducationischallengingandcomplex.Forvocationaleducatorsinvolvedinthemultifacetedandongoingdailytaskofteaching,thenotionofidentityandpurposeisoftenunexploredandunarticulated.Engagingwitheducatorsabouttheirworkisasteptowardsestablishingacollectivevoicethatwillcontrastwiththecurrentnarroweconomicinvocationaleducation.Inthissessionparticipantswillengagewithamethoddesignedto'letpeopletalk'and'makemeaning'oftheirwork.Followingaperiodoffocusseddiscussionparticipantswillbeinvitedtoselectfromavarietyofmaterialstobuildanartefactthatrepresentstheirwork.Theresultwillbe'models'oftheirwork,a'conceptualtool'(WillisandTrondman,2002,p.399)whichwillengenderfurtherdiscussionasparticipantsdescribetheirartefact,exploretheirworldofwork,andunpacktheirplacewithinthatwork.TheresearchmethodisinfluencedbyWillisandTrondman'sManifestoforEthnography(2002).ItdrawsonWillisandTrondman's(2002)referencetoBourdieu'squotingPascal,"Icannotjudgeofmywork,whiledoingit.Imustdoastheartist,standatadistance;butnottoofar"(p.399).Thegoalofthemethodistocast'maximumillumination'(p.400)ontheworkofeducatorsbyengagingwithaconcreterepresentationoftheirwork.Aperiodofdiscursivemeaningmakingwillfollowtheexerciseasparticipantsandresearcherworkwiththeconceptualtoolstoproducenewknowledge.


60. ElaineBlissandJanelleFisherSchoolofSocialSciences,UniversityofWaikatoTheJourneytoaGoodLife:PreliminaryreflectionsonalongitudinalevaluationofPersonDrivenPracticesfromtheperspectivesofpeoplewithdisabilitiesandacommunityorganisationusingdigitalstorytellingmethodology


Abstract:

Digitalstorytellingisanewmediaformthatwasdevelopedoriginallyinrelationtoperformanceart,socialjusticeandactivism.Thispaperexploresdigitalstorytellingnotonlyasaformofcreativework,butalsoasaparticipatoryresearchmethodologythatbridgesthegapbetweenresearcherandpractitioner,andasamethodforevaluatingcommunitydevelopment.Interactionz,aHamilton‐basedcommunityorganisationthatworkswithpeoplewithdisabilities,hasdevelopedacustomisedmodelcalledPersonDrivenPractice(PDP).PDPisafacilitativemodelofservicedeliverybasedonthecitizenshipmodelofdisability,inwhichpeoplewithdisabilitieshavechoiceandcontroloverthesupportstheyreceiveandthelivestheyleadasvaluedcitizensintheirowncommunities.ThispaperexplorestheusefulnessofdigitalstorytellingasanevaluationmethodinthecontextofPDP.Theresearchersreportonthecapabilityofdigitalstorytellingasamethodology:tocaptureandevaluatethequalityoflifeofthepeopleservedbyInteractionz;toassistinthedevelopmentofbest‐practiceguidelinesofPDP;todocumentandanalysetheorganisationaltransitionofInterantionzfromaservicedrivenmodeltoapersondrivenmodel;andtofacilitatethecreationofanempoweringcommunitynarrativeforpeoplewithdisabilities.Thepaperconcludeswithacriticalreflectionontheresearchmethodology.Theauthorsdiscusshowthemixedmethodsofdigitalstorytellinginafacilitatedworkshop,interviewsandparticipantobservationhavebeenparticularlyappropriatewheresocialrelationships,beliefandmeaningsarethemainfocusoftheresearch.


61. BevanCGrantandMaryAnnKlugeUniversityofWaikatoUsingFilmtoTellaTale:ANiceStoryBUT!

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsPresenters:BevanCGrant,MaryAnnKluge

Abstract:

Inspiteofournovicestatuswithusingthevisualtocollectinformationandrepresentfindings,wedecidedtocreateavideodocumentarytellingwhatitwaslikeforLinda(age65)tochangefromlivingasedentaryexistencetobecominganathlete.Thisprojectwasframedasaphenomenologicalstudyandresonateswithacallforresearchers(ingerontologyatleast)topaymoreattentiontowhatoccursineverydaylife.Overatwelve‐monthperiodLindakeptadiaryofeventsandfeelings,andwevideo‐recordedmanyofhereverydayexperiencesofbecominganathlete.Themesemergedfromtheensuinganalysisandtheseprovidedthebasisfora23‐minutefilmtitledTheStartingLine:BecomingaSeniorAthlete.Thefilmwasusedasacentrepieceduringasymposiumatarecentinternationalconferenceonageing,healthandphysicalactivity.Ourpurposewastoargue(older)peoplearenotbodieswithoutstories,andthesestoriesareasmysteriousasthebody.Bio‐graphicalageingisasintricateasthebiologicalageing.Afterthemorestandardpresentationthefilmshownasawaytocapturethelivedexperiencesofan'older'womanundertakinganewactivity‐becominganathlete.Afterthefilmwasshownanunearthly‐andslightlyuncomfortable‐silencefilledtheroom.Wesuspecttheaudiencehadapreferenceformore'objective'informationaboutphysicalactivityderivedfromthepositivistparadigm.Havingbrokenthesilence,oneofthefirstquestionswas,"That'sveryinteresting‐alovelystory‐butwhere'sthedata?"Inthispresentationwewilldiscussourreasonsforandreflectontheexperiencesofusingvisualmethodologiesinresearch,showthefilm,andcommentonusinganalternativewayofrepresentingresearchtoanuninformedaudience.


62. MargaretKitchenTheGraduateDiplomainTESSOL,TheUniversityofAucklandExploringcoperformanceinparentinvolvementinschoolpolicyandplanning:Theresearcher,theKoreancommunity,andonesecondaryschool.


Abstract:

TherhetoricofTheNewZealandCurriculum(MinistryofEducation,2007)putsstudentsandtheircommunitiesatthecentreofteachingandlearning.Somewouldargue,however,thatstudentandparentinvolvementinschoolinghasdecreasedsince'Tomorrow'sSchools'(Olssen&MorrisMathews,1997;Bolstad,2004,forexample).CollaboratingwiththeirKoreanadultandstudentcommunityiscertainlyanewexperienceforthesecondaryschoolwherethisstudyislocated.InthispresentationIwilldrawondatafrommyfieldworkandfocusgroupinterviewswiththeKoreanadultcommunitythatarepartofalargerethnographicschool‐basedstudy.InparticularIwillexploreissuesof'coperformance'and'positionality'(Bhattacharya,2008)fromthiscollaborativeresearchproject.Iwilllookatthegeneral'socialandprocessual'natureoftheexperienceoflearningfromeachother(Tedlock,2003),especiallylearningpracticalwaysofcoperformingculturallyappropriateinvolvementinschoolpolicyandplanning.Bhattacharya,H.(2008).Newcriticalcollaborativeethnography.InS.Hesse‐Biber,N&P.Leavy(Eds.),Handbookofemergentmethods(pp.303‐322).NewYork:TheGuilfordPress.Bolstad,R.(2004).School‐basedcurriculumdevelopment:Principles,processes,andpractices.Wellington,NewZealand:NZCER.MinistryofEducation.(2007).TheNewZealandcurriculumforEnglishmediumteachingandlearninginyears1‐13.Wellington,NewZealand:MinistryofEducation.Olssen,M.,&MorrisMatthews,K.(Eds.).(1997).EducationpolicyinNewZealand:The1990sandbeyond.PalmerstonNorth,NewZealand:DunmorePress.


63. LisaHunterandErinFlanaganTheUniversityofQueenslandYouspeak,Ispeak,butisanyonelistening?Dilemmasinrepresentationandaudiencewithteacherworkplacelearningresearch

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:

SinceAndrewSparkesdiscussedhis'qualitativejourney'of'tellingtalesinsportandphysicalactivity'(2000),thefieldofresearchassociatedwithreceivingandtellingofstoriesinsport,physicalactivityandeducationhasdevelopedenormously.The'narrativeturn'hasbroughtaboutgreaterdiscussionofissuesofdataconstruction,researcherposition,datarepresentation,meaningmaking,withmanydifferentformsanddefinitionsaboutwhatconstitutesnarrativeresearch(e.g.Bamburg,2005;Clandinin&Connelly,2000;andReissman,1993).Notonlyhasitfoundedfamiliesofthoughtaroundnarrative,buthasalsoencouragedgreaterexperimentationinethnographicpraxiswithdevelopmentsinthelikesofdigitaldiaries,photographicstimulus,ethnodramaandfictionalrepresentation.Inthispaperweconsiderandexploreourownresearchaboutteacherworkplacelearningthroughnotionsofvoice,reflexivity,representation,audienceandadvocacytoquestionthelogicofour(political,theoretical,ethical,advocacy)workasresearchers.Wepresentseveralexperimentalartifactsfromourresearchofbeginningteachersinstaffroomstoinstigatefurtherdiscussionaboutourownqualitativejourneyandthevalueofsuchwaysofrepresentationandunderstanding.Bamberg,Michael.(2005).NarrativeDiscourseandIdentities.InJ.Meister,T.Kindt,&W.Schernus(Eds.),NarratologybeyondLiteraryCriticism.Mediality,Disciplinarity(Berlin,NewYork:deGruyter.p.213‐238.Clandinin,D.J.,&Connelly,F.(2000).Narrativeinquiry‐experienceandstoryinqualitativeresearch.SanFrancisco,Calif.:Jossey‐BassInc.ReissmanC.(1993)NarrativeAnalysis.Sage,London.Sparkes,A.(2000).Tellingtalesinsportandphysicalactivity:Aqualitativejourney.Champaign,Illinois:HumanKinetics.


64. DawnGarbett,RenaHeapandAlanOvensFacultyofEducation,UniversityofAucklandFindingtheEthnographerinSelfStudyofTeacherEducationPractices


Abstract:

Self‐studyhasgrowninlegitimacyandpopularityasanorientationtostudyingteachereducationpracticesinthepasttwentyyears.Formany,thechallengehasbeentofindwaystoinvestigatethesimultaneousactsofteachingandresearchingthatteachinginwaysthatcanarticulate,inmeaningfulways,knowledgeofteachingaboutteaching.Fivemethodologicalfeaturesaretypicallykeyinself‐studies.Theyareimprovementaimed;haveevidenceofreframedthinkingandtransformedpractice;areinteractiveorcollaborative;employmultiple,primarilyqualitativemethods;areself‐initiatedandself‐focused;andaremadepublicforpeerscrutiny.Thispresentationexploreshowself‐studydemonstratesanethnographicsensibilitythathelpsdeepentheintegrityofhowoneinvestigatestheproductionofone'sownpracticeinteachereducation.Wedrawonthreeself‐studiestohelpillustratethispoint.Firstly;howimplementingpeerteachinghasledtolessonstudyinourattempttoengagestudentsinauthenticandrelevantlearningaboutteaching.Secondly;howrepositioningselfasalearnerimpactedonrelatingtostudentteachersmoreeffectively.Thirdly;howteam‐teachingenabledustoreframeassumptionsthatcentreonthesimplisticandmisleadingideathatteachereducationisthemodelingofexemplarypractice.Thecommonthreadintheseexampleshasbeenourdeepeningunderstandingofwhatitistobeateachereducator,teachinginacommunitythathasonlyjustbeguntoappreciatethesignaturepedagogiesthatmaketeachereducationunique.


65. AnomieWAAcademyofPerformingArts,EdithCowanUniversityEthnographyandCollaborativeStorytelling:Asocialrealistcinemaproject

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,Transgressiveforms

Abstract:

Socialrealistcinemaemphasisesthedialoguebetweencommunityandfilmmakerandisexperimentalinitsnegotiationtofindastory.Offeringa'sliceoflife',socialrealistfilmsgeneratemeaningthroughthesocial,ratherthanpsychologicaloraesthetic,positionoftheircharacters(Bazin).Whilethemovementembracesapluralityofstylesandhybridisations,methodologiesinclude;immersionofthefilmmakerwithinacommunity,useoflocalnon‐actors,improvisation,realworldlocationsandpresenttimesettings.Thispresentationwillanalysetheconceptualandpracticalpremisesofasocialrealistprojectthroughthelensofvisualanthropology,consideringRouch'sprojectsof'sciencefiction'andrecentRouchianethnofictions,theMacDougall'scollaborationsandBoal'sinvisibletheatre.Theaimistoenrichbothethnographicpracticeandfilmproductionintheexaminationoftheethics,methodologyandobjectivesofselectedhistoricalandinternationaltenetsofsocialrealism,acinematicmovementthathascorrespondencestotheanthropologicalvoice.TheprojectisaPhDinvolvingawrittenanddirectedfeature‐lengthfilm.ProducedinthecontextoftheAustralianfilmindustry,theproject'spurposeistoestablishafilmmakingpractice,viaapracticaltoolkit,thatmaycaptureaworldcomposedofpatternsofdisempowermentandprivilegemarginalizedsectorsofAustraliansocietywhomayrarelyhaveavoiceinAustralianmedia.ThefilmwillbelocatedinalowincomesuburbofPerth,WesternAustralia,andwillexploretheemergentsocialissuesoftwocommunities:SudaneserefugeesandReturnedServicepersons.


66. MaureenFayLeggeUniversityofAucklandAutoethnography:ReflexivitythroughstoriedaccountsofpersonalandprofessionalexperiencewithMaoritanga

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnograhyontheGround

Abstract:

IamafemalePakehaNewZealander.Asaphysicaleducationteachereducator[PETE]IhaveworkedtowardsincludingMaoritangainthecurriculumcontentofpre‐serviceteachereducationinphysicaleducationandoutdooreducation.MyeffortshavebeentoincreasePETEstudents'experienceandconfidencewithMaoricontenttostrengthentheirteachingoftereokori(NewZealandMinistryofEducation,1999).MyintentinthispaperistoshowhowIusedwritingasamethodofinquiry(Richardson,2000)inmydoctoralresearchtocomposeanautoethnographicnarrativeinvestigatinghowPETEstudents,colleaguesandmyselfinterpretedorreinterpretedpersonalandprofessionalexperienceswithMaoritanga.Mycompositionofsixdescriptive'snapshotstories',derivedfromlivedexperiencesover11yearsofcloseandprolongedencounterswithPETEstudentsintertiaryclassroomsandcourserelated3‐5daymaraestays(Legge,2006),becameasetofdatathatframedissuesconfrontingmeinmyendeavourstointegratewithMaoriculture.Thestorytellingprocessofpersonalexperiences;portrayedthepracticecontextwithinwhichIinvestigatedexperienceswithMäoriculture;shapedmyself‐reflexivityandenabledme,throughseparateinterpretiveandexplanatorysub‐stories,tobroadenmyunderstandingofthepedagogical,socialandculturalimplicationsinherentineachdescriptivesnapshotstory.


67. BrianMorrisTraditionalmethods,andideasuniquetoNarrativetherapyinexploringgenderandrelationalsubjectivityinheterosexualrelationships.


Abstract:

IamcurrentlycompletingaPhDongenderandrelationalsubjectivitywithinheterosexualrelationshipsattheUniversityofWaikato.Thedataforthisresearchwasgeneratedusingthetraditionalmethodsoffocusgroupsandinterviews,andcomplementedwithlesstraditionalresearchmethodsintheutilizationofideasfromthefieldofNarrativetherapy‐narrativetherapydocumentsandoutsider‐witnesspractices.Thefirststageofthisresearchwasthreeseparatefocusgroupmeetingswithsixwomendiscussingtheirexperienceoftheirheterosexualrelationship(s).Thesefocusgroupmeetingswerelinkedtogetherbynarrativetherapydocumentswhichhighlightedcontributionsfromeachparticipant,andsuggestedquestionsfordiscussionatthenextmeeting,thusmakingpossiblecontinuityanddevelopmentofdiscussionpointsoverthethreemeetings.Thesecondstageoftheresearchwasinterviewswithmenwhichnotonlyactedasatooltoexploretheirexperienceofheterosexualrelationship,butalsoasanoutsider‐witnesstothefirststage.Outsider‐witnessquestionsareauniquetoolofNarrativetherapythatenablerespondentstohonourtheexperiencesofthosetheyarewitnessingtoo,andwhenansweredauthenticallycantakethewitnesstoaplaceoflearningandpotentialtransformation.Thethirdandfinalstageoftheresearchwasaoneofffocusgroupwithwomenwhichactedasanaccountabilitygroupforthemaleresearcher,andalsoservedasanoutsider‐witnessgrouptothefirsttwostagesoftheresearch.68. 'WithdrawnAlaimaluloaTamihere,MelenaiteTaumoefolau


69. OjeyaCruzBanksUniversityofOtago/SchoolofPhysicalEducationOfWaterandSpirit:LocatingDanceEpistemologiesthroughEthnographyinAotearoaandSenegal


Abstract:

Usingmemoirsofdance,land,musicandsong,thispaperisanethnographicinvestigationintotwodiversedanceculturesandidentifiestheculturalknowledgethatisembodiedinmovement.ThedanceethnographyexaminescontemporaryexpressionsofMaoridanceasdonebyAtamiraDanceCollectiveinpartnershipwithOrotokareProject:Art,StoryandMotion,anorganizationpromotingMaoriandindigenousepistemologiesthroughtheperformingarts.InadditionWolofsabardanceastaughtbyTackoSissokoandfamily,sabardancer/teacherextraordinaireinDakar,Senegalisalsoconsidered.Datawascollectedthroughethnographicfieldnotes,dancepractice,informal/formalinterviews,photography,andvideorecordings.Theportraitsprovideawindowintotheepistemologiesembeddedanddisseminatedwithintheuniquemovementliteracies.Usingapostcolonialanddecolonizingtheoreticalpracticesandautoethnographicalexperiencesofdancingwiththesecommunities,Iexplorethelinksbetweendance,water,musicandidentity.Danceasembodimentsofgenealogy,environmentalrelationshipsanduniqueaffirmationsofhumanity.TheresearchandanalysisstrivestohighlighttheintersectionsbetweenmethodologyofethnographyandthefieldsofIndigenousStudies,DanceStudies,AfricanStudies,andPostcolonialStudies.


70. FelicityGracePerryUniversityofAucklandProductiveTensions:validityandtruthdifferencesbetweentheresearcherandtheresearched


Abstract:

Traditionalresearchpracticesposittheresearcherasthe'knower',abletomeasuretheresearchedaccordingtotheresearcher'schosensystemofmeasurement.Thisoftenoccursattheexpenseoftheself‐categorizationsoftheresearched.Thispaperexaminesthetensionthatarisesinethnographicresearchbetweenthedescriptionsandcategorizationsoftheresearchparticipantsandtheresearcher'sclassifications.Itasks,howcantheresearcherpresentdifferingviewswithoutofferingherownpositionassuperior?Thisquestionisgroundedintheauthor'sownworkwithhighschoolstudentsinAotearoa/NewZealand,whichexaminestherelationshipbetweenidentityanddress.Drawingontheconflictbetweenherviewofidentityasdiscursiveandthepositioningofidentityasbiologicalbysomeoftheresearchparticipants,theauthorasks,howcanthistensionbestbeworkedthroughwithoutpositioningtheparticipantsas'duped'bydiscoursesthat'falsely'positionidentity‐categoriessuchasgenderasbasedinbiology?Thispaperarguesthatknowledge‐constructionisanexclusionaryactthatworkstonaturalisecertainrelationsofpower.Itispositedthatthequestioningofwhatcountsas'knowledge'throughtheunpackingofthenotionofvalidityisnecessaryinworkingtocreateresearchwhichdoesnotpresentknowledgewithintheconstrictingbinaryof'true'and'false'.UtilisingtheworkofJean‐FrancoisLyotard(1979)onparalogyandDonnaHaraway's(1988)notionofsituatedknowledges,thispaperasks,howcantruthsbepositedasmultipleinawaythatdoesnotcontinuetopromoteonetruth‐regimeas'better'thanothers?Inotherwords,howcanthenotionofvaliditybeexpandedsothatitundermines,ratherthansupports,powerhierarchies?


71. DebbieBrightUniversityofWaikatoRepresentingthelivedexperienceofartmakers


Abstract:

Art‐makersoftencommunicatetheirlivedexperienceinwaysthatembracegender,culture,spiritualityandtheirunderstandingofcreativity.Theircommunicationcanbeverbalbutismorelikelytobethroughtheverbal,non‐verbalandnon‐verbalisableformsinherentinembodiedknowingandart‐making.Inresearch,thechallengeposedbysuchdiversitycanbeaddressedthroughacombinationoffacilitatedreflectivepracticeandaflexibleunderlyingphilosophicalframework.Aninterweavingofthreeworldviews‐feminist,participatoryandindigenouspeoples'worldviews‐providestherangeoflensesnecessaryfortheexplorationofthelivedexperienceofreflectivepracticeinart‐making.Icallthisapproachafeministparticipatoryworldview.Iamadance‐makerwhoisalsoanexperiencedreflectivepractitionerandadulteducator.Asafellowart‐makerIcanengageinfacilitatedreflectivepracticewithotherart‐makers.AfeministparticipatoryapproachmeansthattheyandIcan'know'throughavarietyofwayssuchascollaborative,constructed,cultural,embodied,experiential,indigenous,practical,presentational,propositionalandspiritualknowingandwritingasawayofknowing.However,forme,asresearcher,thefinalchallengeconcernsthemeansthroughwhichthelivedexperienceofart‐makersmayberepresented.Therefore,inthispresentation,Irepresentthelivedexperiencesoftenadultfemalesoloart‐makersofvaryingethnicitiesandart‐makingareasthroughspeech,journalentries,drawings,photographs,animagenarrative(ablendingofdance‐making,stillimagesandpoetry),avideomontage(movingimages,musicandothersounds)andadancenarrative(livespeechanddance).


72. SitaVenkateswarMasseyUniversityThe“WilltoKnowledgeandAnthropologicalPractice:Towardsanethicalpraxis.”


Abstract:

Anthropology's"willtoknowledge"derivesfromEnlightenmentrationalityandliesatthecoreofthediscipline'sepistemologicalunderpinnings.DrawingonmyongoinginvolvementwiththeindigenousgroupsintheAndamanIslands,thispaperconsidersthecontextswhenthatimpulsetowardsknowledgeasconstitutedbyanthropologyisethicallyunsustainable.Igoontomapaprovisionalanthropologicalpraxisthatisresponsivetothecontemporarysituationoftheindigenousgroupsintheislandswhich,inturn,becomesunsustainablewithinthecurrentinstitutionalconjunctureinacademia.


73. JulieBarbourUniversityofWaikatoAnethnographicapproachtosustainablelinguisticfieldwork


Abstract:

Spokeninuniqueenvironmental,culturalandtechnologicalsettings,atleasthalfoftheworld'slanguagesareasyetun‐described(Crystal2000:5).Traditionally,themethodologyoflanguagedescriptionhasfocussedstronglyontheelicitationoflinguisticdata,withlittleornoexplicitrecognitionofthehumanparticipantsinvolved(cf.Lehmann1972).In1998,languagedescriptionwasreconceptualisedasasub‐partofamuchbroaderactivitycalledlanguagedocumentation(Himmelmann1998).Gradually,theroleofthelanguagespeakerhasbecomemoreovertlyacknowledged,withClaireBowern(2008:5)recentlyobservingthatfieldworkcanbethoughofas'acollaborativeeffortbetweenthelinguistandthelanguagespeaker(s)'.Crucially,languagedocumentationrequireslinguiststomakeexplicittheirdatasources(i.e.speakersofthelanguage),toconsidermultipleusesandusersofthedata,andtoconsiderthecontextandmannerinwhichdataiscollectedamongotherthings(cf.Dwyer2006,Himmelmann2006andWoodbury2003,).Implicitintheactivityoflanguagedocumentationisengagementbythelinguistwithacommunityofspeakers.InthispaperIexplorethecontributionthatanethnographicapproachcanmaketolanguagedocumentationanddescription.Iconsiderthisfromavarietyofperspectives,includingparticipantrelationships,datatypesandcollection,anddatauses.SpecificallyIdescribe,withreferencetomyownfieldexperiences,howanethnographicapproachtolinguisticfieldworkfostersopportunistic,participant‐drivendatacollectionwhichinturnenhancesthesustainabilityoftheprojectfrombothcommunityandresearcherperspectives.ReferencesBowern,Claire.2008.Linguisticfieldwork:Apracticalguide.Basingstoke[England];NewYork:PalgraveMacmillan.Crystal,David.2000.Languagedeath.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress.Dwyer,Arienne.2006.Ethicsandpracticalitiesofcooperativefieldwork.InJostGippert,NikolausP.Himmelmann&UlrikeMosel(eds.),Essentialsoflanguagedocumentation,31‐66.Berlin&NewYork:MoutondeGruyter.Himmelmann,Nikolaus.1998.Documentaryanddescriptivelinguistics.Linguistics36:161‐195.Himmelmann,Nikolaus.2006.Languagedocumentation:Whatisitandwhatisitgoodfor?InJostGippert,NikolausP.Himmelmann&UlrikeMosel(eds.),Essentialsoflanguagedocumentation,1‐30.Berlin&NewYork:MoutondeGruyter.


Lehmann,Winfred.1972.Descriptivelinguistics:Anintroduction.NewYork:RandomHouse.Woodbury,Anthony.2003.Definingdocumentarylinguistics.Languagedocumentationanddescription1:35‐51.


74. CarolineAllbonTheUniversityofWaikato,WaikatoManagementSchoolEthnographyonthemove...'Venturingintotheshadowsideoftheselfwhoobserves"

Emergingmethods:Traditional,Experimental,Transgressiveforms

Abstract:

"Intensemethodologicalawareness,ifengagedintooseriouslycancreateanxietiesthathinderpractice,butiftakeninsmalldosesitcanhelptoguardagainstmostobviouserror'.(Seale,1999:ix)Inthedemarcationbetween'self'and'other'asdiscretebeingsliesapuzzleIamaddressingasresearcher,nurse,andpersonwithMultipleSclerosis(MS).Mystoryisaboutembodimentofprofoundchangesinmy'being'thataccompaniedthediagnosisofMS.Questionsthatsurfaceareaboutidentity.Whoam'I'?What/whois'we'?Isitpossibletoproducetextfromthefieldthatisboth'self'and'other'orientated?Inmyfieldofpracticelivinginquiryengagesselfwithcomplexlayersofpersonalexperience(Behar1996)andwithacriticalintimacyintegraltoapraxisthatenhancesunderstandingsinwhichtheethnographicselfhasnotbeenexcludedordiminished.Iexplorewaysofbeingthroughtechniquesofshadowing(Czarniawska2007)andreflexivitySchon(1983)toaddresscomplexityandthere‐organisingselfinthefield.Bourdieu's(1977)Habituspermitsanon‐interiorisedautoethnographythatallowsanembodiedpraxistoportrayrelevanceofthesetechniquestoproductionofknowledgeandforadvancingknowledgeforourinterlocutors,ourreaders,andusasresearchers.Idemonstratethevalueofthisapproachtoenquirywithexamplesfrommylifestoryasself‐inquiry(Ellis2003).Ipresentawayofbeingwithaneyeonthevariousshadowsthatinvolverelational,intersubjectiveaspectsofknowledgeproductionthatadd,notshake,confidenceintheknowledgeproduced.


75. JulianaMansveltSchoolofPeople,EnvironmentandPlanning,MasseyUniversityGrowingOlder:Thestuffofeverydaylife


Abstract:

Recentyearshaveseenincreasedattentioninthesocialsciencestotheroleofthematerialinshapingsociallife.Thispaperconsidersthesignificanceofthecirculationofmaterialthingsthroughhouseholdsinshapingidentitiesandspacesofolderpeople.Theresearchinvolvedaseriesofthreein‐depthinterviewsundertakenoveraperiodoffourmonths,withtwelveparticipantsaged55‐70livingintheirown,orrentedhomes.Participantswereselectedacrossarangeoflivingstandards,withtheresearchaimingtoexplorethemeaningandsignificanceofconsumptionpracticesandexperiencesinmidtolaterlife.Acrossthespectrumoflivingstandards,thepurchase,use,re‐use,anddisposalofmaterialthingsplayedacriticalroleinshapingbothfamilialandindividualidentities.Moreoveratboththehighandthelowendofthelivingstandardindex,theacquisitionanddivestmentofmaterialthingshadasignificantroleinconstructingdiscoursesofproductivityandcopingandofresistingnegativediscoursesofwastefulness,excessandunproductivity.Theresearchdemonstratesthatthepossessionanddispossessionofthe'stuff'ofeverydaylifematters,activelycontributingtoasenseofautonomyandcontrolandprovidingameansofretainingmeaningandvalueasoneages.


76. TelesiaKalaviteTheUniversityofWaikatoToungaue(coperative)model:ATongan/Pasifikaresearchmethodology


Abstract:

MostcurrentTonganandPasifika(PacificIsland)researchershavesuggestedthatifaresearchistomakeameaningfulcontributiontoPasifikasocieties,thenitsprimarypurposeistoreclaimPasifikaknowledgeandvaluesforPasifikapeoples.TheyalsostatedthatresearchconcerningPasifikapeoplesandeducationmustgobeyondtheassumptionsthatunderpinEurocentric,westernstructures,institutions,andknowledge.TheybelievedthatthereisaneedforPasifikaresearcherstocreatetheirownpedagogyandsymbolicorders,theirownsourcesofidentity,authority,mediatingstructuresandappropriatestandardsindevelopmentandeducationthatarerootedtotheirownPasifikavalues,assumptions,knowledge,processesandpractices.ThemodelsshoulddevelopresearchthatreflectsPasifikaworldviewsunderpinnedbyPasifikavalues,beliefsystems,andwaysofsharingknowledge.ThispaperpresentsaTongan/Pasifikaemergingresearchmethodology,Toungaue(co‐operative)model.Toungaueisco‐operativeworkwithinagroupofpeopleinTongancommunities.Allthemembersofthegroupworkforonememberonetime/day,thenforanotherpersonatanothertime/day,andsoonuntileveryonehashadtheirturntobehelpedbythegroup.Theworkrotatesthroughouttheyear.Toungaueisameansoffetokoni'aki(helpingeachother)amongsttheTonganpeoplesothattheycanproducethingsmoreeasilyandquickly.Thisisawellknowngroupworkmodelforwomenwhentheyaremakingmatsorfala(toulalanga),andtapaclothorngatu(toulanganga).Formen,itiscalledkautahatoungaueorlauhouawhentheyworktogetherasagroupintheirplantations.


77. SarahCornerUniversityofWaikato,HamiltonKeepingithushhush:Researchprotocolsinsmallcommunities


Abstract:

Thispresentationexaminesissuesrelatingtoconfidentialityandanonymityinethnographicresearch.Employingmultiplemethodsproblematisestheethicalconcernsforundertakingresearchinasmallcommunity‐especiallyonewheretheresearcherlives.Specifically,Iintendtoaddresssomedebatessurroundingethicsinfocusgroupworkandhowthismethodcanworktoenhancethequalityofethnographicresearch,butcanalsoworktohinderthenatureofhowwepracticeit.Asresearchers,westrivetoreassureparticipants'confidentiality;however,thereareendemicethicaldilemmasbecausetherearefewethicalassurances.Canwe,infact,assureconfidentiality?Howcanweassurethatsubjects'narrativesaresafe?Whydowesteerclearofnegativeconversations?Howdoesthisadvantageordisadvantagetheresearchprocess?Whydofocusgroupsworktoreveal'better'qualityofresearch?Canresearchersworkinginthecommunitiesinwhichtheyliveproduceandcreatetruly'safe'spacesforfocusgroupresearch?


78. ElizabethMaryProctorUniversityofWaikatoToitutewhenua,Toitutetangata:AholisticMaoriapproachtofloodmanagement


Abstract:

ThelossassociatedwithfloodingissymbolicofthelossassociatedwithourhistoryourTupunaandourtaongatukuiho.InasmallMaoricommunityinNorthland,severefloodinghasimpactedonthepeopleandtheirenvironment.Myaimwastoinvestigatehowthepeopleinthiscommunityrespondedtoseverefloods,andexploretheroleoftikangaintheirresponse.InaseriesofhuiIusedvideotofosterdiscussionabouthowpeoplehadrespondedtopastevents.Participantswereabletotelltheirstoriesofhowtheydealtwithfloods,butwereslowtorecognisehowtheiractionsexpressedtheirtikangabecausetothemitwassotakenforgranted.Thefindingsshowedhowasmallpopulationofpeoplesurvivebysimplydoingwhatneedstobedone,andwhenitcomestofloodingonanyscaletheydoalltheworkthemselveswithleadershipfromwithinthecommunity.Arohaandwhanaungatangaweretheunderlyingvaluesdemonstratedthroughtheiractions.IntheAotearoaregulatoryenvironmentoflegislationandcouncilpolicies,localauthoritiesoftenfailtorecognisethepracticalusefulnessofsuchvalues,andinthepasthavemadedecisionsforthecommunitywithoutreferencetothem.Thiscommunitycouldshowpracticaltoolsbasedintikangathatcanenhanceourrelationshipswithinstitutionsandthenaturalenvironment.Outcomesfromthisresearchhavebeengreatercommunityrecognitionoftheirresilienceandstrengths,andacomprehensivefloodmanagementplangroundedinhapuvalues.


79. JoeMacdonaldOtagoUniversityTransgenderPersonhood:PrivilegingPersonalNarrativesWithinTransStudies

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgresiveForms

Abstract:TransStudiesisanemerginginterdisciplinaryfielddescribedbytheoristStephenWhittleas"thetruelinkingoffeministandqueertheory"(TheTransgenderStudiesReader(TSR),Routledge:2006,xii).Iwillarguethatsocialconstruction,asabroadmethodologicalframework,isthemostwidelyandeffectivelyusedtheoreticalbasisforaddressingtransexperience,embodimentandethics.Iwillalsoargue,inagreementwithSusanStryker,that"ultimately,itisnotjusttransgenderphenomenapersethatareofinterest,butratherthemannerinwhichthesephenomenarevealtheoperationsofsystemsandinstitutionsthatsimultaneouslyproducevariouspossibilitiesofviablepersonhood,andeliminateothers"(TSR,3).Transstudiesemphasizesspecificaspectsofsocialconstruction:thelivedembodiedexperienceofgender,theintersectionsofrace/ethnicity/disability/sexuality/gender/class,therealeffectsofdiscourseorideologiesonpeople,andthevoices,the"counter‐discourse,"oftranspeopleandtheirallies.WithinmyresearchinthecontemporaryNewZealandcontextofpakehaFTMs(female‐to‐males),thequeeringoftransmasculinitiesemergesasacommontheme.Iexaminequeertransmasculinityasaformoftransgendercounter‐discourse.MyMAthesisconsistsofinterwovenliteraryreviewandpersonalnarratives.Contextualizingnarrativeswiththeoryisabettergoal,Iargue,thanusingpersonalstoriesasfuelforacademicdeconstruction.ThenewlyemergingprinciplesofTransStudiesitself,asdescribedbyStephenWhittleandSusanStrykerintheirintroductiontoDeanSpade's"MutilatingGender,"providesomemethodologicalguidanceformyproject:"Spadecombinesintellectuallylegitimatedformsofanalysisandcritiquewithanarrativeaccountofhisownquestfornonnormativizingbody‐alteration.Hisrefusaltofeignadisinteresteddistancefromthetopicofhisanalysis,hisexplicitarticulationofhisembodiedstakeinthematterathand,andtheknowledgegainedfromhisownembodiedsituationallexemplifyimportantmethodologicalhallmarksoftransgenderstudies"(TSR,315).IconcludebyofferingasummaryofthekeyaspectsofmethodologywithinTransStudies,andshowhowtheserelatetothepoliticalmovementsfortransrightsinNewZealand.


80. JulianGrantFacultyofHealthSciences,FlindersUniversityLocatingthe'critical'natureofethnographywhenvideojoinsthearmoury.


Abstract:

Thispaperreportsonthetheoreticalstrugglesofarticulatingethnographyasbothamethodandamethodologyforcriticalinquiry,particularlywhenvideoisusedasasubstantivetoolfordatacollection.Thequestionsarisefromethnographicresearchthatexplored,withchildhealthprofessionalsinaSouthAustralianprimaryhealthcaresetting,howtheycommunicatedwithparentswhowereculturallydifferenttothemselves.Videowasacoreaspectofdatacollectionusedtoengageparticipantstoreflectonthecognitiveandaffectiveaspectsoftheirbiculturalinteractions.Asaculturalstudytheresearchwasinherentlycriticalwithadecolonisingagenda.Findingatheoreticalplaceforthisresearchwithintheconstructsofcriticalsocialscience,criticaltheory,andcriticalethnographyischallenging.Labelsofvideoethnographyandphoto‐voicefurtherconfoundclassification.Thispaperdetailsanunpackingofthesetermsandhighlightsthefeaturesofcontemporaryethnographythatcanbeclaimedascritical.


81. LeeAnnALexandraMeyenbergResearch,RelationshipsandSocialChange:transformationalworkandcontemporaryethnography

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticaEthnographicVisions

Abstract:

InthispresentationIwilldiscussthepotentialvalueofengagedethnographicpracticeasitrelatestocareerdevelopment.Thetalkwillhaveaparticularfocusondevelopingeffectivemeansforengagingwithandbeinginformedbypeoplethathavefoundithardtoproductivelyengagewithgovernmentinstitutionsorprogrammesforsocialimprovement,andwillbedrawnarounddevelopingeffectiveandethicalpractice.Thetemporaryandnegotiatednatureofcommunicationinthissituationis,Iwillassert,anessentialingredientindeterminingchangeinthefutureactionsofboththe"subject"andthe"researcher";itisaprocessthatchangestheunderstandingofbothparties.Thepresentationwilldiscusstheauthenticandtransientrelationshipswhichsatisfya"subject's"requirementsforrelationshipsthathelptodefinemeaningandaction.Thisdiscussionwillcentreontheexperiencesof6‐7peoplethathave,bytheirownjudgement,foundtransformativechangeasarealandongoingprocesstobedeterminedthroughtheirtransientandinformalrelationships.From"difficult"and"challenging"backgroundscomes,incertaincontexts,changeatanindividuallevelthatisalsosociallyproductive.Suchrelationshipsareattheheartofcareerdevelopmentprofessionalpracticeaswellascontemporaryqualitativeresearch,andhavethepotentialtoacttoprovidebotharichsourceofinformationandasiteoffromwhichislaunchedtransformationfortheindividualandfortheresearcherinpractice.


82. RobertWhitbourneUniversityofAucklandNavigatingFourWorlds:HowtoEat,Drink,DanceandDrivelikeaLocal.


Abstract:

Asindigenousresearchersincreasinglyworkwithotherindigenousresearchers/communitiesfromaroundtheworldwearechallengedwithmovingacrossincreasinglycomplex'culturalworlds'.Notonlymustwe'moveacross'theseworldsbutwemustliveinsidethem,embracingtheexperiencestheybringandhopefullyemergingwithsomethingenduringandmeaningful.Fromthispositionof'embracingexperiences'theideaisofferedthatthepathtounderstandingemergeserratically,indefianceofresearchmethodologiesandoftenwithneithertheordernorlogicresearchinstitutesfavour.Partpresentation,partbiographicexpositionwithahintofhaka,thesessionreflectsonmyexperiencesasaMaoriworkinginaPakehainstitutiondoingresearchinaSpanishcolonizedcountrywithQuechuancommunities.ThesessionwilldiscussindigenousorganizationalethnographybetweenindigenouscommunitiesinPeruandAotearoa(NewZealand)andthepracticalchallengesofsuchwork.Thesessionwillfocusontheuniqueelementsof'inter‐Indigenouscommunity'ethnography,thecontingencyofindigenousethnographyonfactorsoutsideourcontrol,thepotentialforthislackofcontroltoinspireinvolvementwiththebroadercommunity,andthebenefitsof'inter‐Indigenouscommunity'ethnographywhichfalloutsidenotionsof'researchoutputs'.Finallythesessionpresentsthepossibilitythatindigenousapproachestoethnographyofferasetofuniquepossibilitiesforforgingrelationships,developinginsight,supportingactionandbeingpartofthelifeofthoseweworkwith.


83. ITO,YasunobuJapanAdvancedInstituteofScienceandTechnology(JAIST)Prohibitedcreativity:Ethnographicstudyonnurses'ingenuityathospitalsinJapan


Abstract:

Thispaperfocusesonhumancreativityinasituationwherebeingcreativeisprohibited.Foracoupleofyears,Ihavebeenconductingethnographicresearchinahospitalwiththecollaborationofmedicaldoctors,researchersofmanagementandofengineeringwhoattempttoaddsomeexperimentalfunctionstotheelectronicmedicalrecords(EMR)system.Icarefullyobservednotonlyhownurses,inseveraldepartmentsofdiagnosisandtreatment,areusingfunctionsnewlyintroducedtotheexistingEMRsystem,butalsoalltheinformationtheyarehandlingattheirworkplace:worksheetsprintedfromtheEMRsystem,oralandwrittenreportshandedoverfromnursestonurses,evennumbersaboutthevitalsignsofpatientsscribbledtemporarilyonthebackoftheirhands.NursesshowflexibilityincustomizingandprintingformatswhichareintheEMRsystem,andeveninusinghiddenmanualspassedonfromseniorstonovices.Headnursesdonotevenknowoftheirexistence.Althoughwecanconsidertheabove‐mentionedbehaviorastheiringenuityorcreativeability,amedicalorganization,whichissometimesconsideredasaHighReliabilityOrganization(HRO),isaplacewherearbitraryactionsarestrictlyprohibitedinordertopreventmedicalerrorsandincidents.Nurses'behaviorsinwhichtheyuseresourcesflexiblyareusuallyconsideredtoconstitutebadhabits,sonursesareaptatkeepingsecrets.Thesefindingstaughtusthat,notonlyisthereatensionbetweenbeingcreativeandtheriskofmalpractice,butalsothataclosednatureofdepartmentsofmedicalorganizationsinJapanprevails.I,asananthropologist/ethnographer,alsotouchonsomeproblemsinvolvingmulti‐andinterdisciplinaryresearchwithscholarsofotherdisciplines.


84. JennyRitchie,Sandral.Morrison,TimoteVaioleti,andTeWhaiwhaia

Ritchie

TeWhareWanangaoWairakaAnexplorationofrecentexperiencesofdeathritualsinAotearoafromarangeofpersonalandculturalperspectives.


Abstract:

Thedeathofalovedoneisadefiningandanintensetime.Aswellasthepersonalemotionalupheaval,theprocessofdeathrequiresritualstobeenactedwhichareculturallyandcontextuallybound.Thisoccursnomatterwhatculture.InAotearoaNewZealand,deathritualshavebeeninfluencedstronglybythecultureoftheindigenouspeopleortangatawhenua,Maori,whoseoriginsarePolynesian.Thisworkshopoffersfourdifferentauto‐ethnographicperspectivesofrecentexperiencesoffunerals/tangihangathatoccurredduringthepassingofdifferentpeoplecloselyrelatedtothepresenters,inAotearoaNewZealandin2009.Methodologically,theresearchershaveexploredindividuallyandcollectively,themeaningsandfeelingsthataccompaniedtheirrespectivejourneysduringthisperiodofbereavement.Auto‐ethnography,KaupapaMaori,andnarrativemethodologieshavemergedastheresearcherssharetheirunderstandingsoftheseexperiencesthroughaprocessoftalanoa,wherebyconversationsallowrichcomplexsharedunderstandingstoemerge(Tomaselli,Dyll,&Francis,2008,Smith,1999,Vaioleti,2006).Thisprocesswilldemonstratethepowerofthecollectivehealingprocessenactedatatimewhenourdiversepopulationattemptstodefineitselfinthe21stcenturyworldasayoungnationofmanynationsbuildsonoldtraditionsofPolynesia.85. WihdrawnDebashishMunshi


86. IngridL.M.HuygensWaikatoInstittuteofTechnology&TamakiTreatyWorkersEthnographicresearchwiththePakehaTreatymovement:"Beingagroupthatischanging"

SocialJusticeandTransformationORPracticeandAdvocacy

Abstract:

Analternativeuseofethnographicmethodsistoinvestigatenew,aspirationalconstructionsofthesocialworlddevelopedwithincounter‐hegemonicsocialmovements.SociologistsEyerman&Jamison(1991)considerthattounderstandsocialmovements"intheirownterms...[is]animportant,evencrucialtaskforsocialtheory".ThelocalmovementofactivistTreatyworkerssharea30yearhistory,alongsideMaoriactivists,ofchallengingandeducatingPakehatorevisitandhonourtheTreatyofWaitangi.AsaPakehaTreatyeducator,Ipositionedmyselfasan'insiderresearcher'abletousemethodsofrecordingandresearchingthatfollowedtheethicsandprotocolsofourmovement.Ourcommitmenttodevelopingknowledgecollectivelyledtoaninnovativemethodwherebygroupscreatedvisual'theories'ofPakehachange,andthensharedthesesuccessivelywithothergroupsofTreatyeducatorsaroundthecountry,andeventuallyatanationalgathering.Wetherebyfollowedactionprinciplesusedincommunitypsychologyandradicaladulteducationtocreatevaluablepracticalresources(imagery,booksandvideos)forongoingwork.Wealsoaffirmedcommonpraxis,settleddifferences,andlearntnewskillstosustainourselvesandeachother,aspectsvitaltoallminority'culturalwork'.Iwilldisplayanddiscussthisprocessofcumulative'visualtheorising'asanethnographicmethodsuitableforexploringandstrengtheningcollectiveknowledgesthataresuppressedormarginalisedindominantculture.


87. DrMadeleineMurtaghandDrDuikaBurgesWatsonUniversityofLeicesterManagingtheagenda:healthcaredecisionmakinginaprimarycareorganisation


CurrentUKgovernmentpolicychampionstheinvolvementofpatientsandthepublicinmultiplelevelsofhealthcaredecisionmakinginwhatitcallsa'patient‐ledNHS'.Howthisinvolvementisenactedinhealthcareorganisationsisthesubjectofmuchscrutiny.Adoptinganethnographicanddiscourseanalyticapproach,inthispaperweexaminethepracticesofoneaspectofdecision‐makingwhichisstructuredtoincludepublicandhealthprofessionalinvolvementindecisionmakinginonePrimaryCareTrust(PCT)inthenorthofEngland.Wedemonstrateparallelsbetweenthedifficultiesfacedbypatientsandthepublicintakinganactivepartinhealthcaredecisionmaking,inthiscaseprioritysettingdecisions,andtheconstraintsexperiencedbyhealthcareprofessionalsinthisprocess.WedetailanalysisofprioritysettingtodemonstratetherhetoricalstrategiesusedbyPCTmanagerstomanagediscussionanddebateandtoensurethecompletionofanalwaysfullagenda.Wealsodetailattemptsbyhealthcareprofessionalsandlaymemberstowresttheagendafromprofessionalmanagers.Whileonepossibleanalysisofthisagendamanagementisthatpowerrelationshipsbetweenpatientanddoctorareherereproducedinrelationshipsbetweenfrontlineprofessionalsandhealthcaremanagersthiswouldbetooverlooktherelationshipsthathealthcaremanagersarethemselvesnegotiatingwithanapparentlymonolithiccentralgovernment,itselfengagedinmultiplerelationsofpower.Moreover,wearguethattheserelationsareacollectiveco‐production,notsimplytheoutcomeofresistance.


88. JamesBurfordDesecreationDefacingmyresearchbywritingwiththemargins.

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveForm

Abstract:

Thispaperpresentstheissuesofnegotiationandre‐presentationinpostgraduateresearch.Byusingmystudyexamininginterventionsofthedevelopmentindustrywithgender/sexualminoritygroupsinBangkok,Isharesomeinsightsintothepossibilitiesforhowsubjectspositionedasvulnerableandpassivecananddoasserttheiragency.Whileparticipant'saccountswereframedbytherestrictionsofdonorfunding,manyempahsisedtheirrolesasactiveco‐constructorsofreciprocalrelations,enablingthemspacetoaddresstheirowngoalsalongsidetheirdonorsexpectations.Mypositionasapostgraduatestudentundertakingqueerresearchinthedevelopmentfieldhassomeparallelstothisphenomenon.BeginningwiththeinitialsenseofpowerlessnessIfelt,torepresentmyresearchasamonovocal'straight'text,Ilearnedtonegotiatemyagency,incorporatingbothwhatwasexpectedofmebymyinsitution,andinnovativeaspectsthatfeltauthentictomyresearchfindingsandexperience.Atthecoreofthenegotiatedresearchtextwasanideaofdesecreation,adestablisingofaspectsofTheThesisthataregenerallyheldtobesacred.TodothisIutilised'graffiti'asametaphoricalformofprotest,whichregistersmydiscontentwiththehomophobicreactionsofthedisciplinaryfield,aswellasmydissatisfactionwithhegemonicstylesofpresentationinthegenerallywhite,andtrouble‐freemargins.BygraffitiingthemarginsIpresentanalternativenarrativethatdialogueswith,andchallenges,the'master'textrequiredbyinstitutions.Thesemarginscelebratethesubversive'gutters'wheremuchoftheknowledgethatthisresearchdrawsonhasbeenhistoricallyheld.Italsorestorestheplaceofmybodyandmyemotionsinthisresearch.


89. TinaKenyon,ACSWNHDartmouthFamilyMedicineResidencyTeachingaPersonCenteredApproachtoPhysiciansinTraining


Abstract:

Thegoalofthisinteractivepresentationistoprovideanoverviewofapraxis‐orientedresearchproject,andelicitparticipantexpertiseassuggestionsforimprovement.Thepresenterwilldrawonparticipants'experienceaspatients,aswellastheirprofessionalperspectives.Thisprojectcentersonatransformationallearningprocess,whichfacilitatesbehaviorandattitudechangethroughreflectionandexperience.AlthoughUSmedicaleducationfocusesonteachingphysicianshowtocareforpeople,thisdoesnotalwaystranslateintoperson‐centeredcare.TransformationallearningiseffectiveforsocializingUSfamilyphysicianstoorientpracticetowardpeopleasuniqueindividuals.Duringthethree‐yearpostmedicalschoolresidencytrainingprogram,knowledge,skillsandattitudesundergoauniquemetamorphosisforeachlearner.Partofthatmulti‐dimensionalchangeinvolvesdesigningandimplementingprojectsthatstartwith"apatientofinterest".Theresidentphysician'scuriosityaboutwhypeoplemakecertainchoices,theirgoalsforhealthandlife,andtheirfamilystoriessustainstheirenergyforthislearningovertime.Ifaphysicianistocollaborativelyformulateaneffectivecareplan,itiscrucialthattheyconducttheirownethnographicstudyofapatient'ssituation.Thepresenterwilldescribeastructuredprocessforexperientialacquisitionofperson‐in‐situationskillsfornewphysicians.Thequalitativeobservationsofthepresenteraddressthechangesintheworkofphysiciansandinthelivesofpatientsthroughthiseducationalprogram.


90. JacquelineDreessensDeakinUniversity,FacultyArts&EdAwriteofpassage:astoryofawhitewomandancinginblackculture


Abstract:

Writingandreflectingonthisstoryhasledtheauthortocriticallyexaminetherelationshipofidentity,danceandculturemuchmorethanwhenshelivedit.UsingcontemporaryandAfricandanceasapersonalhealingpracticeaswellasanexpressiveartforminaprofessionalandeducationalcontext,hasgivenrisetoariteofpassagethatalsoservedasanawakeningandempowermentofherownidentityasawomanlivinganddancingbetweencultures.Thisawarenessistheresult.Havinglivedwithchildhoodtrauma,theauthorhasalwaysfoundarefugewithinthedance.Hatingtheimageofherownbody,shelearnedtorespect"thebody"asapowerfulinstrumentofexpressionthroughthestudyofdancetechnique.Shealsolearnedhow"a"dancer'sbodywouldsafelychannelherexplosiveangerandcreativelyredirecthersuppressedvolatileemotionsthroughcarefullycontrolled,aestheticallyarrangedandorganisedpatternsofmovementthatcouldbeperfectlyexecutedbydancers,intothematicchoreographicform.TheattractionandstudyoftraditionalAfricandancetechniqueofferedtheopportunitytolearnabouttheempowermentofwomanthroughmovementexplorationsthatexploredtheconnectiontoearthasMother,cyclesofnature,cyclesofthebodyandthroughdanceritualcelebratingthemysteriesoflifebyhonouringthefemalebodyastheportaloftheDevine.Thisbecameameaningfulframeworktoliveherlife.Bydescribingaselectedseriesofpublicdanceperformancesascasestudies,anautoethnographicapproachwasappliedtoreflectupontheauthor'smovementpracticeasamicrocosmofunconsciousbeliefpatterns.Bycreatingnewdanceworksforyoungpeople,migrantsandcommunitygroupsfromtheinspirationofAfricandancenotonlyprovidedaframeofreferenceforathematicapproachincross‐culturaldancebutfacilitatedapositiveselfimageforthegroupsinvolvedandguidedtheauthortoreclaimandhonourherownsenseofselfworthasawoman.


91. BradenTeHiwiPositioningIndigenousresearcherreflexivityinacademicknowledgeproduction.


Abstract:

ThegrowthanddevelopmentofIndigenousresearchinrecentdecadesposesasignificantchallengetocolonialintereststhathavemarginalizedIndigenousresearchinacademicinstitutions(Smith,1999).Itismyconcernhowever,thatitmaybetheveryneedfortheemplacementofIndigenousresearch,andtheverypotentialofIndigenousresearchagendasthatdrawattentionawayfromcriticallyreflectingontheplaceofthisresearchwithintheacademy.ThecrucialissuecentersonpositioningIndigenousresearcherreflexivity;areflexivitythatseekstoacknowledgenotonlytheresearcher'srelationshiptoherorhispersonalhistory,tothestudyandtheparticipants,butalsoofIndigenousethnographies'locationwithinthesystemofacademicknowledgeproductionthatenablesthem.ThisformofreflexivityisproposedbyPierreBordieu's(2003)conceptof"participantobjectivation".ItoffersastartingpointtoexamineIndigenousresearcherreflexivityunderthecontingenciesofacademicknowledgeproduction.Asapreliminaryinvestigationofthisissue,IwillexploremyownpositionasanIndigenousresearcher.ThispresentationseekstoexaminethedifficultarticulationofacademicknowledgewithIndigenousknowledges.Eventhoughtheycontaindifferentphilosophiesandcriteria,theynecessarilystillengageeachotheratthepointofappliedpracticeofIndigenousresearch.Thisengagementhasbothmaterialconsequences,sinceitdefinesadominantsiteofresearchpractice,andtheoreticalconsequences,inthattheyalsodefineaspacethatisconceptuallygroundedwithinacademicwaysofknowing.Inthispaper,Iwillexaminethecomplexityoftheseissuesastheyaffectmyownpositionintheprocessofknowledgeproduction.


92. KerryAnnWhitePolytechnicInstituteofNYUAnExperimentalEmergingEthnographyofaBrooklynFarmer'sMarket


Abstract:

ThisethnographicworkexaminesTheBoroughHallFarmer'sMarket(BHFM),whichisapartofNewYorkCity'sGreenmarkets.TheGreenmarketsoriginallybegantopromotelocalfarmersandtheirproductsintheNYpopulationbecausefarmerswerelosingmoneyhavinglimitedwaystomarketanddelivertheirgoods.CustomersvisitFarmer'sMarketsfornumerousreasons,including:thequalityoftheproduct;varietyofproducts;theexperienceofvisitingthemarket;andrelationship/connectionwiththefarmers.GenerallythetenvendorsatBHFMarewellawareoftheirimmediatecompetition,butrelyonthefactthattastesvarybyfarmandthateachvendorhastheirownsetofloyalcustomers.Thisresearchwillexplorehowthevendorsenticedthecustomerstospendmoney(attract),andcreatedadesirefortheiraudiencetoreturn(retain).Myoriginalpremisewasthatthemarketingstrategiesusedtoattractandretainthecustomersarenoteasilyidentifiedorcategorized.Somevendorsrelyonloyalcustomerswhileotheractivelymarketandpromote.Thebestresearchquestionforthisstudyis:Howdothevendorsattractandretaincustomers?Thisresearchdiscussescertaindimensionsofattractionandretention.Eachmethodhasspecificstrategiesandtactics;eachcanbecategorizedinthreespecificways:product,physicalarrangement‐‐sincetheproductistheitembeingsold,physicalarrangementisobviouslyimportant‐‐andcustomerrelationship.TherearesometheorieswhichcanbederivedandapplicabletomanyotherFarmer'sMarkets‐possiblyinotherlocationsintheNewYorkCityarea.


93. DurellMauriceCallierUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana‐Champaign AttheMournersBench:QueerLitaniesinSearchofSelf,Spirit,andCommunity


Abstract:

Thissessionsobjectiveistoutilizeperformanceasatooltoshareautoethnographicresearchtoexaminetheintersectionsofrace,sexualityandspirituality.Utilizingthemethodologyofautoethnodramaandotherperformativebasedmethods‐inclusiveofbutnotlimitedtopoetry,framing,monologue,anddialogue‐thissessionre‐imaginesandrecoversthequeerindividualsrelationshiptohis/herself,theircommunity,andtothesocietyatlarge.Throughtheusageofperformancemethod,andcriticalengagementwithThirdWorldfeminism(seeAlexander2005;hooks2004;Lorde1984),thissessionoffersforbothperformerandaudienceachancetofindlove,affirmation,createwholeandboundlessself‐identitiesandillustratethewaysinwhichrecovery‐restoringhealingandthewholenessoftheindividual‐isenactedbytheperformer,andtheninterpretedbythosewhoattend.94. WithdrawnJoyTakakoTaylor


95. JamieSimpsonSteeleHawaiiPacificUniversityTheMayDayshow:PerformancesofcultureonHawaii'selementaryschoolstages


Abstract:

ManyelementaryschoolsinHawai'ihostMaycelebrationsshowcasingchildperformancesofHawaiiansonganddance;MayDayisknownasLeiDayinHawai'i.Overtheyears,theeventhascometoincludetheperformancetraditionsofvariousotherethnicgroupsthatpopulatetheislands.ThisstudyrevealsavarietyofmeaningsstakeholdersascribetoMayDayandcreatesdialogueamongtheperspectives.Tothatend,aresearchteamoffourindividualsengagedincollaborativeinquiry,attendingMayDayprogramsatelementaryschoolsthroughoutthestateandcollectingstoriesfromparticipants.Theteamexploredcriticalissuesinpersonaltermsbywritingshortautoethnographicreactionstotheirresearchactivities.Finally,theresearcherscollaborativelydevelopedandperformedaseriesofdramaticvignettesthatsynthesizedtheseethnographicobservations,interviews,andself‐reflections.Theensembledevisedthroughplaybuildingstrategiessuchasphysicalbrainstorming,improvisationandimagerytheatre.Theperformanceaddressedthreebroadthemes;a)thethemeofcurriculumincludedpositivelearningoutcomes,mixedperceptionsofcurricularcontinuity,andpressuresagainstMayDayinthecurrenteducationclimateofHawai'i'sschools;b)thethemeofthespectator'sgazeaddressedcriticalquestionsabouttheproductionofspectacle,cuteness,andgenderedstereotypes;andc)contrastingperspectivesaboutidentityformationagainstthebackdropofstrugglesforbelonginginHawai'ireferencedAmericanization,tourism,Hawaiianpreservation,globalbelonging,andresistancetoneocolonialism.Theresearchteamsubmitsacalltobecomemoreconsciouslyawareofthechoiceswemakewheninscribingchildren'sbodieswithperformancesofculture.


96. JarrodHaarandDavidBroughamUniversityofWaikatoStoriesoftheworkfamilyinterfaceamongstmaoriemployees


Theliteraturesurroundingthework‐familyinterfaceiswellestablished.Pastresearchhasfoundtheinteractionsbetweenworkandfamilycanbedetrimental(conflict)orbeneficial(enrichment).However,thereisadistinctlackofresearchonMaoriandtheinfluenceofcultureonthisinterface,andthisissurprisinggiventheculturalimportanceoffamily.Consequently,thepresentstudyexplorestheinfluenceofculturalfactorsonthework‐familyinterfaceofMaoriemployees.Furthermore,NewZealandemployeesfromacollectivisticcultureareexpectedtotop40%by2026furtherhighlightingtheimportanceofsuchastudy.Thispaperreportsonthestoriesof30Maoriemployeesrelatingtotheirworkandfamilyrolesandtheinfluencethatculture(inparticularwhanau)playsonthisinteraction.ThestoriestellusthatthedynamicsofworkandfamilybetweenMaoriaremorecomplexthanthecurrentWesternliteraturesuggests.OnonehandMaoritendtohavehighlevelsofconflictduetohighdemandsfromtheworkplaceandtheirfamilies.However,theyappeartobeabletodealwiththisconflictmoreeffectivelyduetostrongsupportivetieswithrespecttochildcareandfamilysupportfromtheirwhanau.Consequently,wefindwhanaucanhavebothpositiveandnegativeinfluencesonwork‐familybalance.However,ultimately,thebenefitstoculturalbeliefsfromstrongwhanauinteractionsarehighlyvaluedbyMaoriemployees.97. WithdrawnMariaNakhshina


98. MaryBrehenyandDrChristineStephensMasseyUniversityAgeinginthecontextofdisparitiesinmaterialcircumstances


Abstract:

Theexperienceofageingisshapedbysociallocation.Forthoseoflowersocioeconomicstatus,theeffectsofalifetimeofdisadvantagetendtoaccumulateinlaterlife.ThereisasignificantminorityofeldersinNewZealandwhocurrentlyreporthardshipandthismayincreaseinthefuture.Afocusonpositiveandsuccessfulageingexcludesandmarginalisesdisadvantagedolderadults,andalthoughthishasbeenrecentlyacknowledgedintheliterature,thereisnoresearchthatfocusesonthequalitativeexperienceofageinginthecontextofmaterialconstraints.Thisprojectanalysedinterviewandsurveydatafrom48peopleaged55to70years.Withintheseinterviews,olderadultsdiscussedtheirconcernswithhealth,finances,andageinginthecontextofconsiderabledisparitiesinlifecircumstances.Thistalkwasanalysedincombinationwithanassessment(usingmeasuresofincome,occupation,andeconomiclivingstandards)oftheirmaterialcircumstances.Thisanalysisrevealshowtherhetoricalaccountsofageingweregroundedinthematerialcircumstancesofparticipants'livesandalsoshapedbysocietaldemandstoagewellandpositively.Thesefindingswillbediscussedtopromoteanunderstandingofhowaccesstomaterialresourcesenablesorconstrainsolderadultsfromageinginwaysthatarevaluedinsociety.


99. LorraineFriend,CarolynCostley,CarlEbbersEmilyMeese,Nikita

WilsonandCourtneyTravis

WaikatoManagementSchool PicturingHappiness:APhotoEssay


Abstract:

Throughtheuseofauto‐photographyandphenomenologicalinterviews,weadvanceacross‐disciplinaryunderstandingofsourcesofhappinessandtherolematerialthingsplayinpersonalconstructionsofhappiness.WeaskedyoungNewZealandmenandwomentotakeanddiscussphotosofwhatrepresentshappinessandunhappinessintheirlives.Thethingstheseyoungpeoplephotographedandtalkedaboutdovetailwiththeliteratureonhappiness.Weadvanceunderstandingabouttheimportanceofhomeandachievingtohappiness.Andwecontributeinsightsintothedifferencesbetweenmenandwomeninthesesourcesofhappiness.Inparticular,weexamineevidenceofvaluesandgenderrolesincapitalistsocietyastheyrelatetohappiness.Thephotoessaycontainsaselectionofphotosandtextorganisedaroundthethemes.Picturesallowedtheresearchers‐aswellasthemenandwomen‐‐to'see'takenforgrantedaspectsoftheirhappinessthroughanalternativelens.Intalkingwiththeseyoungpeople,weidentifiedsourcesofhappinessthatwereunnamedintheirphotos.Thephotoessayrepresentsthethemesvisuallysoothersmightbetterunderstandthephenomenonofhappiness.


100. ChristineStephensandRachaelPond

MasseyUniversityHealthPromotionandAgeing:Olderadults’pursuitofhealth


Healthpromotiondiscoursehasproducedapervasivesocio‐culturalemphasisonrisksandindividualresponsibilityforhealth,andaresponsiblecitizenwhochoosestoengageinconstantworkofself‐evaluationandself‐mastery.Thisstudyexaminedtheeffectsofthisdiscourseonthepracticesandaspirationsofyoung‐oldadultsinNewZealand.Semi‐structuredlongitudinalinterviews(oneyearapart)wereconductedwith60olderadults(55‐70yearsatfirstinterview)aboutissuesaroundageingandretirement.Thispresentationdescribesthewaysinwhichtheseparticipantsdrewonthepracticesandpromisesofhealthpromotiontotalkabouttheirhealthandageing.Theymanagedtheirhealththroughexercise,gooddiet,andotherpractices.Engagingin(orplanningtoengagein)theidealbehavioursof'healthpromotion'counteractedanxietiesaboutageingbyprovidingasenseofcontrolofthebodyanddemonstratingthatthesubjectwasavirtuouscitizen.Althoughtheidealsofhealthpromotionwereresistedincomplexwaysthisdidnotcounteracttheirdominanceamongthehealthbehavioursandexpectationsofthese'babyboomers'.Oneproblemofthisdominanceforolderpeoplewasasenseofbetrayalwhenthepromisesofhealthpromotiondidnotfittheactualexperiencesoftheageingbody.Adangerforthe'babyboomer'generationastheymovetowardoldageisamorallandscapeinwhichtobecomeunhealthyisasignofindividualirresponsibility.Thereareothermoralimperativesassociatedwithageingthatwemaybelosingsightof.Therighttorest,careandresponsibilityforelders,andreciprocity,mayalsobedrawnuponbyhealthpromoterstooffsetthetyrannyofazealousapproachtohealthrelatedbehavioursasthemainfocusofelderhealth.


101. AnnetteWoodhouse

MonashUniversityDeptRuralandIndigenoushealth/GileadDownsfamilytherapycentreTapestriesofRuralFamilyTherapyPractice:Interweavingstrandsofresearchtheoryalongsidefamilytherapypracticewithprofessionalruralcolleagues


Abstract:

AslittleisknownaboutruralfamilytherapiststhisPhDprojectseekstoincreasetheknowledgeandunderstandingofourpracticeexperiencesinAustralia.InbeginningthisprojectIreflectedonhowtoengageandcollaboratewithparticipantsasaninsidertothisresearch.Idrewuponsocialconstructionist,feministandnarrativeresearchalongsidefamilytherapytheoryandpracticetoguideme.Isoughttodeveloparesearchplanwhichwouldmaketheresearchaccessibleandmeaningfultoparticipants,whileattendingtoethicalconsiderationsofpowerandrurality.OnequestionIhadinmymindwas:'HowdoIworkwithresearchtheoryandmethodologiesinwayswhichmakethemavailableandmeaningfultoparticipants,asco‐researchers,whileremainingrespectfulandjusttotheirpracticesandexperiencesasruralfamilytherapists?'Thispresentationattemptstoanswerthisquestionbyoutliningmytheoreticalframeworkforthisproject,includingresearchmethodologies,practicesandprocessesdevelopedwithmyco‐researchers,strategiesofresearchertransparencyandreflexivityandaproposedanalysis.Anethicalframeworkdevelopedwithonefocusgroupispresentedasanexampleofemergentfeministparticipatoryactionresearch,includinghowwewouldvaluediversityanddifferencebetweenus.Myhopeinsharingthisresearchisthattheextraordinarypracticesofruralfamilytherapistswillbecomemoreknownandunderstoodinbothruralandurbancommunities.


102. LyndaJohnston

UniversityofWaikatoThespatialpoliticsofqueeractivism


Abstract:

InthispresentationIexaminethespatialpolitics,pleasuresandperilsofsocialactivismarisingfrommyrolesasresearcherandsocialactivist.BywayofintroductionIpresentsomeofmyownworkasbotharesearcherof,andparticipantin,queercommunitygroupsthatadvocateforpositivesocialchange.Inparticular,Ibringtogetherthescholarshipthatpositiongeographersatthecentreofcommunityactivism,sexualityandplace.Inthesecondpartofmypresentation,materialfrommyinvolvementasco‐chairperson/activist/researcherinandwiththequeercommunitygroup'HamiltonPride'areusedtoexamineboththeinternalandexternalpoliticsofthisorganisation.Iusetheconceptof'anethicsofcare'tofocusattentiononhowcommunityorganisationsrespondtounequalpowerrelationsandmovetowardconstructionsofnewformsofrelationships,institutions,andactionthatenhancediversity,mutualityandwellbeing.103. WithdrawnYolandaNieves,Ed.d


104. TiinaAlinen

Language Rhythms: Making Finnish connections with Aboriginal landthroughdanceThis research uses emerging methods in non‐traditional ethnography to offerinsight about identity through a practice‐led performance project LanguageRhythms.LanguageRhythmswill examineFinnishconnectionswithAboriginallandthroughdance.Howcanconnectiontolandfromanindigenousperspectiveinform and support the creative process for dance making and performance? How can this understanding, embedded in dance, contribute to interculturalunderstanding and social awareness? This presentation will include visualimages and footage from recentwork. Tiina is a professional choreographer,teacher, performer, community artist, massage therapist, photographer andfilmmaker embracing the embodied book, the connectionwith culture, peopleandlandthroughdance. SheiscurrentlyundertakinganMAResearchinDanceatQueenslandUniversityofTechnology.


105. CarolHamiltonandPaulFlannigan

UniversityifWaikato,departmentofHumandevelopmentandCounsellingAuthethnographiesofSexualityResearch:twopersonalaccounts


Researchingsexualityandsexualbehaviourcanbeatrickybusiness,evenmoresowhenitincludesmembersoftwovulnerablesocialgroups‐childrenandintellectuallydisabledpeople.StatisticaldatasuggeststhatbothcanexperiencesignificantproblemsinthisareainNewZealand,yetfewin‐depthqualitativestudiescanbefoundrelatingtothesometimesseveredifficultiestheyface.Implementingqualitativeresearchthatproducesverifiabledatawhilesuccessfullynegotiatingtheculturalcomplexitiesthatsurroundissuesofsexualityandmembersofthesegroupspresentsasizablebarriertoanywould‐beresearcher.Perhapsunsurprisingly,scholarlyarticlesdetailingwhatdrawsresearcherstothistopicarealsohardtofind.Reasonsforthislackremainlargelyspeculative,butincludetheideathatresearchersthemselvesmaynotfeelcomfortablewritinginapersonalwayaboutasubjectstillconstruedasstigmatizingorincriminating,inanareaoftendeemedprivate,stressfulorsacred.Throughautoethnographicnarrativeweweavetogetherkeyscenesanddialoguesinfluentialtothefocusofouracademicinvestigationsintheareasexuality,vulnerabilityandchildrenandintellectuallydisabledpeople.Weusevisual,writtenandoraltextstoillustratehowthesecircumstanceshaveshapedthedirectionwehavetakeninourwork.Makingthesenarrativespublichelpsustostepbackandethicallyaffirmthevalidityofourownresearch.Wealsohopethatthisexplorationmightprovideinterestedotherswithaclearerunderstandingofhowtheymightengagewiththepersonalandcontextualdilemmasacademicstudyinthisareacancreate.


106. PhilippaHunter

FacultyofEducation,TheUniversityofWaikatoStoryingProblematisedHistoryPedagogyinTeacherEducationasDesireandDisturbance


Abstract:Thepresentationintroducesacriticalpedagogy(PhDinprocess)inthecontextofhistorycurriculumworkinteachereducation.Theproblematisedhistorypedagogyasphenomenonandmethodisassembledasnarrativeresearch.Themessyandprovisionalnatureoftheresearchinvolvescrossingsofdisciplinaryboundariesandculturalsites,mediatingtheoriesandpractice,andunderstandingintertextualityasacreativeprocess.Thepresentationfocusesonrecurrentthemesofdesireanddisturbanceintheproblematisedpedagogy'sstorying.Idrawonvignettesemployedinthenarrativetobringmultiplevoicesintoplay,andtomoveacrosstimeandspace.Thesecolourandtexturetheresearchstorying.Desireisconceivedasprivatetheorisingandre‐imaginedspacesforhistorypedagogy.Disturbanceisrevealedasresistance,boundarycrossings,andcriticalshifts.


107. EthnographyCulture:SymposiumThissymposiumstreambringstogetheragroupofestablishedandemergingresearchersengagedinculturally‐focusedethnographicresearchinpsychology.Particularattentionisgiventoissuesofethnicity,migration,everydaypracticeandpoverty.ThissessionreflectsallthreemajorthemesfortheCEADhui:

1. EmergingMethods2. PracticeandAdvocacy3. SocialJusticeandTransformation

Affiliations:Maori&PsychologyResearchUnit,UniversityofWaikatoChair:AssociateProfessorDarrinHodgettsPart1. BridgetteMastersAwatereTalkingandwalkingculturalconcepts–reflectionsfromthefieldAbstract:Evaluation’sformalhistoryistiedtothescientificparadigmofinquiryinthestudyofsocialphenomena.ExperiencesofevaluationinAotearoaNewZealandreflectaprocessalignedtomanagingTreatyrelationshipsandthedeliveryofMāoriappropriateservices.Thefocusofmyresearchhasbeenonunderstandinghowevaluationhascapturedtheculturalconceptsembeddedwithinprogrammesderivedfromanindigenousepistemology.UtilizingcasestudysitestoengageinaphenomenologicalstudyexperiencesofprovidersandwhānauinvolvedwithKaupapaMāoriProgrammesaswellasevaluationpractitioners,wetalkedaboutthewayspeoplenavigatethesetwosystemsofaccountability.Acrossparticipantgroupstherewasclearcommitmenttomaintainthevaluesandphilosophythatderivedfromanindigenousontology.MypresentationwillfocusonsomeexamplesfrommyfindingsasameanstodescribehowthoseworkingwithinandaroundKaupapaMāoriProgrammesensurethattheirworkcapturesthevalues,principlesandpracticesderivedfromtheirlocalindigenousontology.Part2.MohiRuaSustainabilityissuesinaruralMaoricommunity

Abstract:

Businesses,not‐for‐profitorganisations,communitygroupsandgeneralhouseholdsareconfrontedwithenvironmentallyfriendlychoiceseverydaylikerecycling,lowcarbontechnologies,savingpowerandreducingone’secologicalfootprint.MyPhDstudyseekstoinvestigatesustainabilitypracticesacrossdiverseMaoriorganizations(relatedthroughservicesandpersonalrelationships)inarural,iwicommunity. Acomponentofthisresearchistheexplorationofinter‐organsationalrelationshipsandhowtheycaninfluenceservicedelivery.


Thatis,theleveragingofnon‐workrelatedrelationships(kinship)toadvancesustainabilitypractices.Theknock‐on‐effectsmaywellbegreaterthanifgroupsaren’trelated.IintendworkingwithMaoriorganisationswillingtoexploresustainabilityissuesthroughonetooneinterviewswithkeystakeholdersintargetedorganisations.ItisdifficulttoreallyknowwhattheendresultofthisPhDresearchwillbeandIammindfulthatalotofresearchintosustainability,sustainabledevelopment,energyefficiency,globalwarmingandtheclimatehasoccurred,myPhDresearchispartofthatoverallconversation.However,shouldMaoriorganizationsmovetowardssustainablepracticesandbehaviours,thengovernmentcampaignstowardsustainabilitycouldtargetMaoriorganizationsasinterventionsitesforexpandingexistinginitiativesordevelopingfuturepoliciestowardsustainableuseofresources.IfMaoriorganizationsdonothavesustainablepracticesandbehaviours,psychologicaltheoriesmayexplainhowthiscouldoccur. Part3.LindaWaimarieNikora&NgahuiaTeAwekotuku

Tangi:Treatingsensitivelywithour‘selves’

Abstract:

Tangi,theMaoriexperienceofdeathandmourning,offeravehiclefortheritualisedarticulationandperformanceofgriefandloss,andapathfornewwaysofrememberingandconfiguringthedepartedintothecontinuinglivesofthoseleftbehind. Inthispresentationwediscusstheuseofautoethnographicapproachestoexploringtangi,griefandloss,ourselves,ourcommunitiesandchange. TheteamofresearchersinvolvedinthisprojectareMaoriacademicstaffandseniorresearchstudentsworkingincollaborationwithkeypeopleinmaraecommunities.Thesekeypeopleareoftenthefirsttobecontactedwhenadeathoccurs.Throughouttheirlifetimes,alltheteammembershaveattendedtangiaspartoftheirordinaryeverydayactivity. Ourapproachtothistopicisthroughtheexperiencesofthisteamwheretheyareaskedtorecount,criticallyreflectandtheorisetheirtangiexperiencesandthoseofotherteammembers.Withfreshtheoreticalperspectivesgroundedinpersonalexperience,theteamproposesaninnovativeandrigorousapproach.ThisstudyaimstoconsiderandextendthecurrentcanonbyinvestigatingaspectsofMaorideathritualfromthepre‐contactperiodtocontemporarytimes.Specificobjectivesofthestudyare:(i)toinvestigatethetransitionfrompre‐contacttangihangapracticetocontemporarytangihangapractice,consideringwhathaschanged,declined,andprevailedinselectediwicasestudies,withsomereferencetoarchival,oral, artefactualandelectronicsources.(ii)torecordthecontemporaryMaoriexperienceofdeath,reflectingonthetangihangaasaneffectivevehicleofculturalidentitywhichinitiates,denies,challengesorreinforcesdiverserelationships.


Part4.JadeLeGrice

Hepepihetaonga:MaoriexperiencesofreproductionandparentingAbstract:Māoriperspectivesonfertilityandreproductiontendtobeabsentfromacademicandmediaaccountsoffertility.Whathasbeenwrittentendstobefromanessentialist,non‐Māoriperspective,andoftenpathologisesdifferenceanddiversityfrommainstreamwesternnorms.Thispresentationwilladdressthisgap,andpresentpreliminaryfindingsfromaMāori‐centredqualitativeinterviewstudywithMāoriwhohavechildren.Participantsspokeabouttheirpersonalexperienceshavingchildren,andsharedthejoysandchallengestheyhavefaced.Thepresentationwilloutlinethevariouswayssocietalandwhanauinfluenceson,andculturalandpersonalvaluesmanifestin,participantsexperiences,providingarich,Māori‐centredaccountofreproductionandparenting.Implicationsforhowmental,reproductiveandsexualhealthservicescanbettercaterforMāoriwhoareintendingto,expectingto,orwhoalreadyhavechildrenwillbediscussed.Part5.ShilohGroot,DarrinHodgettsandLindaNikoraAhomelessman’spursuitofahomeAbstract:Home‐makingiscommonlyassociatedwithdomiciledlife.Inthisresearchweexploreahomelessman’seffortstomakeahomeonthestreetsandbeyond.OuranalytictaskwastoencourageDanieltocommunicatehowheconductshislifebyshowingandtellingusaboutrelationshipsanddailypracticesofimportancetohim.Drawingonthreephoto‐productionprojectsandthreephoto‐elicitationinterviews,wewillexploreDaniel’sprofoundsenseoflonelinessandeffortstoimagineahome.WewillalsoconsideractionresearchaspectsofthisstudywherewecollaboratedwithsocialworkersinanefforttoassistDanieltoovercomehislonelinessandhouselessness. Part6.WendyWenLiShiftingSelves:HomebeyondtheHouseAbstract:Theproportionofnationalandinternationalpopulationintheolderagescontinuestoincrease.Suchapopulationtrendtowardsageingaroundtheworldhasevokedgreatdiscussionsonageingandagedcare.Forexample,thenotionofpositiveageingpromotesideasthatolderpeoplehaveskills,knowledgeandexperiencetocontributetosocietyandtheexpectedgrowthintheproportionofolderpeopleprovidessocietywithavaluableresource.Whileitappreciatesaspectsofolderagethatpeopleshareincommon,thispaperhighlightsthewaysinwhichpeoplemightagedifferentlybyfocusingonexperiencesofagroupof


olderChineseimmigrantswhomovetoNewZealandintheirlaterlife.Themethodsofdatacollectionandanalysisareinformedbyanarrativeapproach.Initialandfollow‐upinterviewswereconductedwiththirtytwoolderChinesemigrantsfromApril2008toSeptember2009.ThispaperexploresolderChineseimmigrants’livedhousingexperiencesandinvestigatestherolefilialpietyplaysintheirageinginplaceinNewZealand.Stressingtheculturalinfluencesonageingexperiences,thispaperconsidersthehybridandshiftingselvesandidentitiesthattheolderChineseimmigrantsdevelopastheygrowolderinaWesternculture.Thesocial,culturalandmaterialcontextsofeverydaylifeprovidethebasesfortheseconsiderations. Specificemphasisisplacedonfourthemes: home‐making,acculturation,evolutionoffilialpietyandageinginnewplace.Part7.OttilieStolte,DarrinHodgettsandShilohGrootTheimportanceofrelationshipsandethicsinactionresearchintostreethomelessnessAbstract:Forsometimepsychologistshavecontemplatedtheimportanceof'evidence‐basedpractice'andtheethicsofpraxisindoingresearchWITHratherthanONpeople.Intheprocessoftryingtoimprovethehumanconditionbylinkingresearchtoaction,issueshavebeenraisedsurroundingrelationshipsbetweenresearchersandstakeholders,whatcountsasevidence,howinsightsfromresearchcanbemadeaccessibletoend‐users,andhowevidencecanbetransformedmosteffectivelyintoappropriateactions.Thispresentationconsiderscase‐basedworkshopswithsocialworkerswhoareengagedinhelpingstreethomelesspeopleinAuckland.Particularattentionisgiventotheneedforcultivatingtrust,arelaxedatmosphere,anddialogueasabasisforextendingcooperationbetweenacademicpsychologistsandsocialworkers.Theworkshopshaveemergedfromarelationshipthathasbuiltoverthecourseofafour‐yearresearchprojectonthelifeworldsofhomelesspeople.Wewilldocumenthowtheseworkshopscanbecomeincreasinglyinformalandintheprocessmoreenjoyable,productiveandhelpfulinaddressingtheprofessionalofsocialworkersandthehumanneedsofhomelesspeople.Part8.NicolaGavey,AlexAntevska,MelanieGovender,WilliamPollard,AnaRavlich,AlyssaTanzer,GarethTerry,KellyWoodsDancingincagesinpostfeministbliss?Reflectionsongender,identity,andsexualityatanAuckland‘afterball’Abstract:InAugust2009,accordingtoaNewZealandHeraldreport,boysandtheirparentsfromanAucklandsecondaryschoolhired“sexilydressedprofessionalcagedancers”foranafter‐ballparty(Smith,2009).Fromthisbriefmedia


accountitseemedliketheoccasionmighthavebeenanexampleparexcellenceofthekindoftrendthatUKandUSscholarsandculturalcommentatorshavevariouslydescribedas‘raunch’(Levy,2005)or‘hypersexual’(Walter,2010)or‘striptease’(McNair,2002)culture,orthe‘pornographicationofthemainstream’(McNair,2002).Thatis,the‘mainstreaming’–proliferation,normalization,andnaturalization–ofanaesthetic,popularculturalfashions,stylesofembodiment,modesofsexualengagementandotherpracticesassociatedwithprofessional,industrializedsex(pornographyandthesexindustry).Weconductedsemi‐ethnographicresearchincludinginterviewswithkeyinformantswhoattendedthepublicizedafter‐ballparty,tounderstandmoreaboutwhatwenton,whetheritcouldbeseenaspartofthiskindofbroadersexualisationofyouthculture,andwhattheimplicationsmightbeforyoungwomen’sandmen’sgenderedidentitiesandsexualities.Inthispaper,wewilldiscusswhatwefoundoutabouttheparty,andthewaysinwhichsomeofthe‘girlsandguys’presentviewedit.Wewillalsodiscusssomeofthe‘backstory’ofworkingasateamofpeopledifferentlysituatedinrelationtothephenomenonweareinvestigating,includingreflectionsonwhatitisliketobecriticallyengagedwiththegenderorderinourownbackyard.Part9.JamesH.Liu

TheIntegrativePotentialofAsianEpistemologies:CrossingBoundariesandSmashingMethodolatries

SchoolofPsychology,VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonAbstract:

Inrecentyears,internationalmovementsincross‐culturalandindigenouspsychologyhavebothaugmentedandchallengedWesterntheoriesandmethodsandinjectedsomevitalityintothedisciplineofAsiansocialpsychology,whichinconjunctionwiththerisingpowerofAsiansocietieshasresultedinthedevelopmentofAsiansocialpsychologyasbothascientificdisciplineincross‐culturaldialoguewithAmericansocialpsychology,andahotbedforthedevelopmentofAsianindigenouspsychologiesassystemsofthoughtandpracticerootedinaparticularculturaltraditionandexpressedinthelanguageofthatculture.DifferentAsianindigenouspsychologieshaveemphasizeddifferentelementsofpraxis:thePhilippinesfocusesonethnographicallyorientedandcommunity‐basedresearch,whileTaiwanfocusesonindigenoustheorydevelopmentusingempiricistmethods.AhighlypragmaticapproachtomethodologycanbesaidtocharacterizeAsianindigenouspsychology,whereresearchersroutinelymovebetweenqualitativeandqualitativemethods,andusescientificmethodstoaddresssocialconstructionistissues.ThisappearstobecharacteristicofAsianepistemologiesthatarerootedinhighlyholisticandhumanisticphilosophicaltraditions.IintroducetheworkofMouZongshan,themostimportantamongcontemporaryneo‐Confucianistphilosophersin


constructinganon‐dualistepistemology,andthetheoreticalworkofDharmBhawuk,whohasbeenpushingIndianmeta‐physicalpsychologyasscience,andpointtopossiblepathwaysforwardforthetheoryandpracticeofculture‐orientedresearch.


108.CarolynCostleyandstudentsofMKTG55507BUniversityofWaikatoTheBigOE

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:

In2007,studentsofagraduate‐levelpaperonconsumerbehaviourinvestigatedtheconceptofoverseasexperiencesamongyoungNewZealanders.Colloquiallyknownas"theBigOE,"theoverseasexperienceisanimportantpartofNewZealandculture.ThirteenstudentssetouttolearnwhatanOEmeanstoyoungNewZealanders.Whatisitsessence?Ultimately,theyextendedunderstandingaboutconsumptionexperiences.Takingaphenomenologicalapproach,thestudentsinterviewedtwentyNewZealandersundertheageof25‐eitherinpersonorviae‐mail‐andvideotapedmostinterviews.Interviewscoveredanticipated,current,orpastoverseasexperiences.Theydiscussedmotivations,expectations,andexperiencesbeforeduringandaftertheOE.Thestudentsrepeatedlyviewedtheinterviews,familiarisingthemselveswitheachpersonandcollaboratingtoidentifycommonthemes.ParticipantsconsideredtheOEariteofpassage,motivatedbydesirestoexploreone'sheritage,growpersonally,andpostponeresponsibility.TobeanOE,atripshouldbeasignificantdistancefromAustralasiaandlastfromseveralmonthstoseveralyears.Itrequiresimmersionintoaforeignculture,includingworkingorstudying,alongwithsightseeingandintentiontoreturnhome.TheOEincorporatesmanycharacteristicsofextraordinaryexperience‐e.g.,vagueexpectations,bondingwithpeople,difficultyarticulating,andintenseemotion.OEsarelife‐changingexperiences.Considerationalongsidetheconsumptionliteratureproducedinsightsintoextendedconsumptionexperiences.Specifically,theOEisanextendedextraordinaryexperienceinwhichBOTHordinaryandextraordinaryexperiencesoccur.Theinclusionofordinarywithinanextraordinaryexperienceaddstopreviouslyidentifiedcharacteristicsofextraordinaryexperiences.ThisVideoEssaypreparedbythestudentsfeaturesacartooncharacter,namedBob,theintervieweestellingabouttheirexperiencesandtwoofthestudentsexplainingthecontribution.Don'tmissthiseighteen‐minutevideographicpresentation.


109.JayneCaudwell

UniversityofBrightonPhysical(andCultural)CapitalandWhitenessTheCaseofRowing


Abstract:

InthispaperIunpackmyownsportingculturalcapitalinthesportingcontextofrowing.Iadoptfeministreflexivityasanauto‐ethnographicmethodologytoexplorethewaysinwhichmywhitenessandclasshaveenabledentrytovariousrowingsubculturesintheUKandmorerecentlyinNewZealand.Iaimtomeldageneralhistoryofthesportinthesetwocountries,whicharelinkedbyaCommonwealth(andmedalsuccessesatOlympic‐levelcompetitivesport),andmyownpersonalhistoryofinvolvement(1980s‐present).InBritainandNewZealand,rowingbecameorganisedthroughrowingclubs,whichwereestablishedinbothcountriestowardthesecondhalfofthe1800s.Membershipoftheseclubswasexclusivelymaleandtendedtoreflectmiddle‐toupper‐classvalues.Aswithotherboys'public‐schoolsports,theintroductionofcompetitiverowingreproducesaspectsofmuscularChristianityandthesporthelpedproduceidealssurroundingmen,classandmasculinity.Myfirstrowingexperiencewasasateenagegirl‐aged15‐in1981,atarowingclubinasmalltownontheRiverSevern(UK).Inmy20sand30sIrowedatvariousclubsincludingclubsontheRiverThames(Kingston,Surrey),RiverLea(UpperClapton,EastLondon),RiverAire(Saltaire,Yorkshire)andRiverAdur(Shoreham,EastSussex).MymostrecentrowingexperienceisasaMasters(veteran)rowerataclubontheRiverWaikato,NewZealand.AsIre‐tellpartsofthehistoriesofrowingandmyrowinghistory,Iconsidertheoperationofwhitenessandcolonialism,andthefunctioningofclass.Moreover,Iadoptacriticalfeministtheoreticalframetoexplorethepersonalandpoliticalaspectsofculturalandphysicalcapitalinrowingcontexts.


110.PippaRussell,CarolynCostleyandLorraineFriend

UniversityofWaikatoRespect

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:

Respectisanimportantvaluetosociety.Thephilosophyliteraturedevelopstheconcept of respect in depth and asserts that respect shapes personal, politicalandbusinessrelationships.However, there is littleempiricalevidenceforwhatrespect means to ordinary people, how they experience and practice it. Thepurposeofourresearchistounderstandhowordinarypeopleexperience,givemeaning,andvaluerespect.Weusevideoethnographytoexamineperspectivesonthemeaningandconductofrespectacrossgenerations.WhatdoesrespectmeantoBabyBoomers?Whatdoes respect mean to Generation Z? How do they differ? How have theyexperiencedrespectdifferently?Howdotheyvalueitdifferently?Thispresentation isavideo"documentary" that reportsanarrativeanalysisofparticipants' interpretations of respect in popularmedia (e.g., film,magazines,TV).Participants'construalsofrespectperformedinthemediagiveinsightintohowtheyunderstandtheconcept.


111.RichardHill

UniversityofWaikatoRethinkingEnglishinMaorimediumeducation

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:The place of English language instruction in Maori medium schools iscontroversial, with many schools choosing to either exclude it from theircurriculumorpaylipservicetoit.How schools support students' academic English language growth is an issuethatremainsunresolvedandunder‐researched.Thispaperreportsonaresearchproject that investigated the English transition programmes of three Maorimediumschools. Itused interviewsandobservationsofkeypersonnelof theseschools to explore how they arrange their English transition programmes andwhat issues they face. It also assessed the literacy achievement of the Year 8studentsofeachschool.The project found that there is a direct relationship between the quantity andqualityofexposuretoEnglishinstructionandstudentachievement.TheschoolsthatincludedamoresignificantEnglishtransitionprogramme,andwerestaffedbyteacherswhowereknowledgeableabouttheneedsofbilingualstudentsandhow to attend to them, had more effective programmes and more satisfiedstudents.Thispaperargues that it isessential toplan for theEnglish languageoutcomes of Mäori medium students, and that planning should consider theirlanguageskillsacquisitionoverthefull13yearsoftheirformaleducation.


112. Hyacinth Mae Skervin NorthWestUniversityDialogicAnalysisofNarrativeResultsfromaGenderbasedStudy:LessonsforTransformativeResearch

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:This paper is a critique of a gender study aimed at social and culturaltransformationwithinalargelySouthAfricacontext.Againsttheassumptionthatsubject participants had knowledge of universal human rights values andprinciples in the cultural and ethnically diverse societies in which they lived,primaryactivityinthestudywasanarrativewritingexerciseinwhichthegroupof fourteenpre‐teenagegirls in SouthAfrica, and for comparativepurposes anundeterminednumber from theNetherlands, responded toaquestionon theirown cultural and religious practices that made them comfortable anduncomfortable.Resultsofthestudywerefoundunacceptablewithonlytenuouslinksbetweenrightsviolations,cultureandreligionbutmarkedlystrongerlinksbetweenrightshumanviolationandgenderasaconstitutivelydiscriminatingsetof 'socio‐cultural' roles. This paper posits that these results were foundunacceptable due to a proposition‐result dialectic that exposed differentstructures of thought and meaning‐making between researchers and subjectparticipants. A central premise of the paper is that the dissonance incommunication is rooted in historical and socio‐cultural antecedents that areaversetoeachotherandirreconcilableinapublicsphereinwhichtheycontinueto have import. A second conclusion is that cultural meanings and thesignificationattachedtothemarekeyedintohistoricalexperiencesratherthanto any universal ideals. The main recommendation is for a philosophicalapproach toresearch that finds itssubstantivearguments in thecontemporaryexperiences,hopesanddreamsofthedisparatesocialgroups.


113.PhilippaMiskelly

WaikatoDHB/VictoriaUniversityCanyouhearme?Thenursingvoiceinorganisationalchange.

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnocgraphicVisions

Abstract:

ChangewithintheNewZealandhealthsectorisongoingandonegroupwhichhasbeen‐andcontinuestobe‐affectedbythis,isnursing.Thereformsofthe90simpactedontheprofessionandadecadelateranotherroundofchangemeansthatyetagainnursesfacefurtherdisruptionanduncertainty.Thesechangesoftentakeplacewithinlargeorganisationalenvironmentsinvolvingaplethoraofhierarchiesandconflictingagendas.Myobservation,asananthropologistworkingwithinamainlyhospitalenvironmentandemployedtoresearchnursingwork,isthatthevoiceofnursingduringchangeprocessesremainslargelyabsentandignoredorisdisregardedasemotional.StephenWright(ChangingNursingPractice[2ndedition]London:ArnoldPublishers,1998:4)argues".itisnoaccidentthatnursesarerarelytaughttomasterchange.Thestatusquoofthesocialorder,bothinsideandoutsidenursing,mightfeelalittleuncomfortableattheprospect."Myethnographicresearchendorsesthissentimentbecauseitrevealsthecomplexitiesofinitiatingchangemanagementprocessesinanenvironmentprivilegingdiscoursesandpoliciessteepedinneo‐liberalideologieswhichconstruenursesas'costcentres'asopposedtoorganisationalassets.ThispresentationdetailsresearchIundertookintoachangemanagementprojectwithinanacutein‐patientsettinganddrawsattentiontothewayethnographycouldbeusedtoinformpracticeaswellasprovideatheoreticalframeworkenablingnursestoraisetheirvoicetoensureitisheardinprofessionalandpoliticalspheres.


114.KatieFitzpatrick

UniversityofAucklandPoetryandrepresentationinethnographicresearch

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Althoughstillmarginalinacademicwritinggenerally,poetryhasforsometimebeenrecognisedasavalidformofrepresentationinqualitativeresearch.Poetrycanprovidearich,evocativeandaestheticmeansofcommunication,whichultimatelyenhancesethnographicwork.Likenarrative,however,theuseofpoetrytorepresentresearchdataalsoraisesethicalquestions.Issuesofculture,authorialvoice,languageuse,accessibilityandpoeticlicenseneedtobeaddressed.Drawingonaschool‐basedcriticalethnographyofyouthinNewZealand,thispaperdiscussesthepossibilitiesandlimitationsofpoetryasameansofrepresentation.


115.WendyTalbot

UniversityofWaikatoPerformingresearcherreflexivity:Reflexiveaudiencinginpractice

Emergingmethods:Traditional,experimental,transgressiveformsAbstract:Emphasising an orientation of curious, appreciative inquiry thisperformance‐based presentation will reach into theatre and performance toshowreflexivity throughasocialconstructionist lens. Itwillenactanemergingstoryofresearcherreflexivityasarelationalproduction.IhaveinvestigatedreflexiveaudiencingaspartofadoctoralprojectundertakenthroughtheUniversityofWaikatoinNewZealand.Participantswerecouplesinintimaterelationships.Eachcouplevideo‐tapedaconversationtheyhadtogetheras a couple and then took up third‐person positions to audience the recordedconversation. Through this process of spect‐acting, partners made visible thediscursive territory their conversations traversed. Engaging in analysis of theeffects of this spect‐acting process, I found myself negotiating the samediscursive territory as I had invited research participants into, as I positionedmyselfasanaudiencetotheresearchprocess.Reflexiveaudiencingprovidesapracticalandtheoreticalperspectivefromwhichtoinvestigateandshapearangeofpersonalandprofessionalrelationships.Thispresentationisintendedforthosewhoseinterestsmayincludereflexivepracticeinresearch,teaching,socialpractice,supervisionandpersonalrelationships.


116. Katey Thom UniversityofAucklandUsingethnographictechniquestoexplorementalhealthlaw'upclose'and'inaction'


Abstract:

NewZealand'slegislationisunderpinnedbypolicyaimedatbalancingthepromotionofindividualrightswiththeprotectionofthepublic'ssafety.Wherepeoplearebeingcompulsorilytreatedfortheirmentalillness,balancingindividualrightswithpublicsafetybecomesacorechallenge.Thispaperwilldiscussthedevelopmentofaprojectthataimstoexplorethisphilosophicaltensioninaction,asmembersoftheMentalHealthReviewTribunal('theTribunal')grapplewithdecision‐makingregardingthelegalstatusofindividualssubjecttomentalhealthlegislation.Itwillfocusontheuseofethnographictechniquesofnon‐participantobservation,qualitativeinterviewsanddocumentanalysistogenerateinsightsintotheTribunalmembers'rolesandthedifficultiestheyfaceinbalancingindividuals'rightswiththeState'sobligations.Inparticular,thepotentiallypositiveoutcomes,aswellasthedifficultiestheresearcherhasfaced,inundertakinganethnographyofausually'hidden'phenomenonwillbedetailed.


117.E.JayneWhite

UniversityofWaikato Whosethedummynow?:Dialogicmethodologyanditschallengeto ventriloquisation


Abstract:

Dialogicmethodologyoffersachallengetoresearchpracticethatclaimstoconveyauthentic'voice'.MihkailBakhtin'sphilosophicaltenetsuggeststhatvoiceisalwaysanechoofother,andthatindividualsportraymultiplevoicesdependingontheircontext.InthispresentationIdrawondatafromadialogicstudyofateacher,atoddlerandaresearchertosuggestthatanypresentationofvoiceinresearchismerelyamirroroftheideologiesinplay.Henceitisimpossibletopresentvoicewithoutalsopresentingtheplayers,theirideologiesandtheirimpactonwhat(andhow)wordsareconveyed.Thequestionremains,however,astowhoisthedummyandwhoistheventriploquist,sincetheadultisalwaysconstrainedbyideologicalpersuasionsandthetoddlerdrawsfromasophisticatedrepertoireoflanguageformsbeyondthedomainofasinglevoice.


118.MereBerryman,ItiJoyce,DannielleJaram

TeKotahitanga TeKotahitanga:TransformingtheschoolingexperiencesofMaoristudentsin NewZealand'ssecondaryschools


Abstract:

EvidenceofMaoristudents'achievementinNewZealandsecondaryschoolshasshownhistoricaldisparitywhencomparedwiththeirnon‐Maoripeers.TeKotahitangaisakaupapaMaori,researchanddevelopmentproject,aimedatcreatingamoresociallyjusteducationsystemandthustransformingtheeducationalexperiencesandoutcomesofMaoristudents.Theprojectbeganin2001bytalkingwithMaorisecondaryschoolstudents,andwithothersinvolvedintheireducation,aboutwhatlimitedand/orimprovedtheirschoolingexperiences.Fromthesenarrativesofexperience,theprojectdevelopedanEffecitveTeachingProfilethatidentifiedthetheorisingandpracticesthatwouldenableMaoristudentstoachievetotheirpotentialinmainstreamclassrooms.Subsequently,professionaldevelopmentwasdevelopedtosupportteacherstointroducetheEffectiveTeachingproifle.Thisprofessionaldevelopmentpromotesthedevelopmentofculturallyresponsivecontextsforlearningthatareembeddedinrelationships.IncontextssuchastheseteachersaresupportedtoshowthattheycareforMaoristudentsandfortheirlearningoutcomes.TeKotahitangaiscurrentlyworkingin50schoolsacrossphases3,4and5.Throughtheuseofnarrativepedagogy,thispaperdetailstheexperiencesofMaoristudentsinphase1,priortotheintroductionofTeKotahitanga.ItthencontraststhesewiththediscoursesofMaoristudentsattendingaPhase3schoolaftersixyearsintheproject.Thesediscoursesaresupportedbysurveydatafromawidersampleofstudentsinthesameschool.


119.PaulWoller

PoutamaPounamuEducationalResearchandDevelopmentCentre,SpecialEducation,MinistryofEducation UnderstandingmataurangaMaoribyparticipatingincommunitiesofpractice: KaupapaMaoriResearchandthenonMaoriresearcher


Abstract:

ThegrowingrecognitionandreassertionofmataurangaMaoriasavalid,legitimateanduniqueworldviewhasledtoincreasingsupportforkaupapaMaoriresearchasaresearchmethodologythatisbothcomplementarytoMaorivaluesandtheneedsoffutureMaorigenerations.Aswhanau,hapuandiwiincreasinglylookatformsofself‐sufficiencyandselfdetermination(tinorangatiratangaandmanamotuhake)inordertosurvivebotheconomicallyandsociallyasMaoriinaneverchangingworld,theneedforwhanau,hapuandiwispecificresearchisbeinghighlighted.ItisnolongertenabletoacceptresearchthatfailstotakeintoaccounttheuniquevaluesofthesegroupsorresearchthatdoesnotrecognizethediversitythatexistswithinteaoMaori.Inthesecircumstancesitisimportanttoclarifywhohastherightandthecredentialstoconductresearchthatinvolveswhanau,hapuandiwiandtoaskifthereaplacefornon‐MaoriresearcherswithinkaupapaMaoriresearch?WhilefirmlybasedinteaoMaorimuchkaupapaMaoriresearchutilisesknowledgeandtoolsfromteaoPakehabytakingandadaptingwesternmethodologiesandmethods.Thispaperwillhighlightthejourneyofanon‐MaoriresearcherinvolvedinkaupapaMaoriresearchbyusingtheconceptofcommunitiesofpractice(Wenger,1998)toexaminetheinclusionandparticipationofanon‐MaoriresearcherinresearchactivitiesinvolvingMaoriparticipantsandkaupapaMaoriresearchmethodologies.


120.RoelWijland

UniversityofOtagoRequiemforaTimelessBrand:MiningtheSituatedRhythmofPoeticTimescapes


Abstract:

Thereisextensiveliteratureandresearchrelatedtopeople'sperceptionsofthebrandingofspaces.Ithasbeenelegantlyarguedhoweverthatlandscapesalsohavetheirowntemporalityandthattime‐relatedmeaningsaregatheredfromit.Thisentailsthatembodiedtemporalrhythmsmatterasmuchasplaceassociationstoabrand.Temporalityisrelevantintheexpressionforabrandinthetellingoftime:howthebrandembodiesandrepresentstimeaspartofitsparticularmentalmake‐up;howitsdifferentiatedinternalrhythmmaterialises.Thispoeticethnographyproposesthatspatialbrandscapesmaybeappraisedandrepresentedinthesensibilityof'vertical'poeticdiscontinuity,andassuchcomplementmorecommonethnographicrepresentationsbasedon'horizontal'narrativecontinuity.ThepresentationaimstocriticallyexplorethethreatenedtemporalpraxisofCentralOtagoasthe'TimelessLand'.Sincethebrandwasbuiltonthecontroversialappropriationoftheauraoflocalartandpoetry,theevocationofitsbrandculturecallsforanethnographicanalysisthatmirrorspoeticreflexivity.Thislongterm(2005‐2010)holisticreconnaissanceofCentralOtago'stimelessiconicityisbuiltonthethreeperspectivesofcollectiveculture,individualparticularityandmaterialmattering.Theexperimentalinquiryconcludeswithadialogicimagination,intheformofapoeticconversationbetweentwoconsumersthatinhabittheirversionoftheTimelessLandinadjacentvalleys:thepoetBrianTurnerandtheacademic.Ithasthegroundedaimofrenunciatingtheblessèdfaceofbranding'sintentionsandsimultaneouslyexpressingtheactivistpotentialofartfulacademictexts.


121.HelenGremillion

UnitecInstituteofTechnologyDe/reconstructingConceptsofGenderwithinFeministandMen'sMovementsInAotearoa/NewZealand

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Feministandmen'smovementsarediverse,yettheytendtobestereotypedastwoopposing"camps."Arguably,manyofthebroadsocio‐politicalgoalsof(strandsof)thesemovementsareshared,involvingtransformationsindominantconstructionsofgenderidentity.InthispaperIwillarguethatmembersofthesegender"movements"talkpastoneanotherwhentheyunknowinglyengageinhegemonicconceptsofgenderthatrepresentidentityinessentialistways.AsanAnthropologist,GenderStudiesscholar,andfeministactivistwhorecentlymovedtoNewZealandfromtheUnitedStates,IhavebeensurprisedbyrelativelynarrowdiscoursesofgenderinnewZealand,evenin"progressive"circles,thatappeartodichotomizemen'sandwomen'sexperiences.Thispaperexploresessentialistconceptsofgenderwhichappearindifferentformswithinmen'sandfeministmovementsandbecomethefocusofcritiquefrom"theotherside,"eventhoughtheseconceptssharesomebasicassumptionsthatcanbedeconstructed.Iaminterestedindevelopinganethnographic,praxis‐orientedresearchprojectthatwillhelpunpackandrefigurethemeaningsofgenderinthesecontexts.Whatpossibilitiesfordialogueandrapprochementmightopenupbetweenfeministandmen'smovementsifunderstandingsofgenderareshiftedforboth"sides"?Whataretheeffectsandpossibilitiesofpostcolonialandindigenousstruggleson"alternative"andactivistgenderformationsinNewZealand?Thispresentationwillproposebothmethodologicalandtheoreticalapproachestoaddressingthesequestions,withtheaimofstimulatingnewideasinthepreliminarystagesofalong‐termresearchproject.


122.TaleiAlaniJoanaSmith

MasseyUniversityPolyculturalindividualsinamonoculturalworldgrowingupinsideout

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:The paper is concernedwith an examination of the concept of hybrid identityconstruction within the new concept of 'polycultural individuals' as thosepersons with a multiplicity of cultural and racial origins, as compared to'multicultural'definedasmanydiverse cultures co‐existing in the same location. The research is undertakenthrough an autoethnographic study by a Fijian‐Chinese‐Kiribas‐Europeanresearcher who examines a polycultural individual through music, dance andembodiment of place. Themethodologyused includespersonal narratives, aswellasoralfamilyhistories,andpersonalexperiencesofmusicanddancewithinthe various cultural traditions found within the researcher's family. Thepurpose of the research is to discover the implications of the findings foreducational process within multi‐cultural Pacific Island contexts especially astheyrelatetothesemigrantgroupswithintheNewZealandeducationalsystemwhere they are classifiedbymonocultural or bi‐cultural classifications such as'Samoan' or 'half‐caste'. The findings show how the previous researchundertakeninthisfield,failstoaddresstheissueofthespecificwaysinwhichpolyculturalperspectivesareimportantbeyondwhathaspreviouslybeenfound. In addition, there is no educational research which looks at Pacific Islandidentities and the implications of having to 'learn to be'withinmore thanoneculturegiventherealityofamultiplicityofculturalinfluenceswithinindividuals.In this way, the research breaks new ground by constructing a new mode of analysis based on the personal life experiences of polycultural individuals who live in monocultural or multicultural environments.


123.ElmarieKotze

DeptHumanDevelopment&Counselling,FoE,UniversityofWaikatoAfricanwomenandmourningpractices:"Mosadiotswarathipakabogaleng"awomanholdstheknifeatthesharpend

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:Africanmourningof lossof liveshasbeenshapedbydiscursivepractices fromboth traditional African cultures and the socio‐political developments underApartheidandinPost‐apartheidSouthAfrica.Thispapersharesthechanges inmourning practices of six professional African women as they navigate theintersectionofculturalandgenderedissuesrelatingtobereavement.Ahopewasthat Post‐apartheid South Africa would bring calmer waters after the painfulchallengesof racist oppression and the stormywaters of political changes andtransitions that African women navigated. However, everyday experiences oflossoflifeduetoviolenceandHIV/AIDSrequirewomentotakeupmultipleandshiftingpositionsongenderedmourning rituals. "Holding the sharpendof theknife" became the group's metaphor that represented "standing strong" evenwhentheburdenoflossandmourningseemedoverwhelming.This paper focuses on the following mourning practices: "sittings", ukuzila(traditional one year period of mourning), dress and shaving their hair, and"aftertears"parties.ThegroupofsixwomenclaimculturalidentitiesintheZulu,Xhosa, Tswana, Southern and Northern Sotho traditions. They storied theirpositionswithinthesefourmourningpracticesthroughcaringsolidarityandby"makinglivescountaslives",therebyprovidingforalifetobe"grievable".


124.KathieCrocketandEugeneDavisUniversityofWaikatoThepoliticsandartistryofoutsiderwitnessingpracticesasresearch

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Thispaper'sfocusisthepoliticsandartistryofoutsiderwitnessingpracticesasasite and process of data generation. Translated into narrative therapy fromMyerhoff's ethnographic work on definitional ceremony and identity, theemphasis of outsider witnessing is on the therapeutic performance of self incommunity. This study employed outsider witnessing as social action, byprovidingacontextandprocessforagroupmadeupofrugbyleagueteam‐matestoparticipatein[research]conversationsaboutbeingaman.Theauthorssuggestthatbyinterweavingknowledgeandskillfromethnographyand narrative therapy, outsider witnessing offered this study of masculinity aresearch practice that was immediately meaningful to participants,transformativeoftheirlives,andenactedsocialjustice.


125.JoostdeBruin

VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonNewZealandmigrantsandpopularmediause:anethnographicstudy?

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Inrecentyears,anincreasingnumberofpeoplehavemigratedfromAotearoa/NewZealandtoAustralia.Thisraisesquestionsabouthowthesepeoplestayconnectedwiththeirhomecountryandhowtheyhaveintegratedintothecountrythattheyhavemigratedto.Existingresearchhasshownthatmediacanplayaroleinhowpeoplerelatetotheirhomeandhostcountries.ThispaperreportsonaninterviewstudywithfifteenNewZealandmigrantscurrentlylivinginBrisbane.IntervieweeswerecontactedattheKiwiFineFoodsStoreinBrisbaneandinterviewswerecarriedoutatthestoreandatpeople'shomes.Thecontextofthestoreisimportant:itisaplacewheretheinformantsengagewithculturalproductsfromAotearoa/NewZealandandwheretheyfeelasenseofbelonging.Theinterviewswereaimedatfindingoutif,andhow,theseNewZealandmigrantsusepopularmediasuchastelevision,radioandInternettostayintouchwith'home'.Therelationshipbetweenmediaaudiencestudiesandethnographyisaproblematicone.AsMarieGillespiehascommented,manymediaaudiencestudiesprojectslabelthemselvesas'ethnographic'"intheapparentabsenceofanawarenessofwhatvalidatesethnographyasagenre"(1995:54).InthispaperIcriticallyevaluatemyownstudyintermsofitsethnographicpotential.


126.DusaneeSuwankhong;PraneeLiamputtong

SchoolofPublicHealthBeingathome:EthnographicmethodandtheexperienceofdoingresearchwithtraditionalhealersandtheircustomersinSouthernThailand

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Ethnography addresses themost important issue in sociology research; that ishowindividualsperceivetheirworld.Thefocusonthedynamicnatureofpeopleacrosstimesandplacesistheessenceofethnography.Therefore,itisasuitablemethodology for observing changes in the daily lives of the researchedparticipants. Although traditionally ethnography is undertaken in a culturalgroup of a village or small town of a 'primitive' or 'non‐literate' or'underdeveloped' society, it can also be applied in health care and sociologyresearchincontemporarysocieties.Manyresearchsettingscanbeconsideredas'a cultural group'. Nursing homes, maternity wards, labour wards, ultrasoundclinics,IVFclinics,intensivecareunits,footballclubs,schools,churches,prisons,andsooncanbetreatedaslegitimateculturalgroups.In this chapter,wewilldiscuss theexperienceof carryingoutanethnographicresearchwith traditionalhealersand their customers in the southofThailand.Wearguethatethnographerstendnottowriteabouttheirexperiencesofdoingresearchintherealworld.TheydonotwishtoprovidewhatVanMaanen(1988)calls the 'confessional tale'; that isaconfessionabouttheirrealexperiences,asthis may be seen by other researchers that their research is not sufficientlyscientific.However,wecontendthatthisreallifeexperienceiscrucialfornoviceresearchers who wish to embark on their research in different societies. Thechapterwill captureourembodiedexperienceof carryingout anethnographicresearchintherealworld.Itwillcontributenewknowledgetotheliteratureonresearch in sociology, which can be valuable to many new and experiencedresearchers.


127.HollyThorpe

UniversityofWaikatoDoingTransnationalEthnography:UnderstandingaGlobalYouthCultureinandacrossLocalContexts

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Inlightoffundamentaltransformationsofspace,place,andtime,anthropologistsandsociologistsareincreasinglycallingintoquestiontraditionally‐definedethnography‐asan'intensively‐focused‐uponsinglesiteofethnographicobservationandparticipation'(Marcus,1995,p.96).Theyurgescholarstoembracemorebroad‐basedresearchstrategies,whatsomevariouslyrefertoas'globalizingmethods'(Stoller,1997),'mobileethnography'(Marcus,1995;Fincham,McGuinness&Murray,2010),multi‐site'transnationalfieldwork'(Knowles,1999),and'globalethnography'(Burawoyetal,2000;Hendry,2003).Toillustratethepotentialoftransnationalethnographyforstudyingcontemporaryphysicalyouthcultures,Iofferadescriptionoftheglobalethnographicmethodsemployedinmyresearchontransnationalsnowboardingculture.Withthegoaloffurtherexaminingthevalues,practices,andinteractionsofsnowboardersinlocalsnowboardingcultures,aswellasregional,national,andglobalflowsofpeople,objects,valuesystems,information,andimageswithinandacrosstheseplaces,Iconductedfifteen'ethnographicvisits'‐rangingfromoneweektoonemonth‐inanarrayofsnowboardingcommunitiesandskiresortsinCanada,France,Italy,NewZealand,Switzerland,andtheUnitedStates,between2004andearly2010.Eachofthelocationsvisitedforthisprojectposeddifferentopportunitiesandchallenges(e.g.,language,localism,culturalaccess,accommodation,pre‐existingcontactsinthefield,funding).InthispaperIdiscusssomeoftheethicalandreflexiveconsiderationsandstrategiesemployedduringmytransnationalethnographicresearch.


128.SefuluAnneMarieSIOPE

UniversityofWaikatoChildrenoftheMigrantDreamers

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:Sincetheearly1970sPasifikapeopleshavebeendiscriminatedagainst.AlongwithMaoritheysharethesamedisparity,especiallyinEducationandinHealth.'ChildrenoftheMigrantDreamers'referstothePacificIsland‐bornimmigrantsandfirst‐tofourth‐generationNZ‐bornPasifikachildrenwhoseparents,grandparentsandgreatgrandparents(theMigrantDreamers)cametoAotearoaNewZealandinthehopesofabetterlifewithEducationbeingthattickettohappiness.Therealityofadominanceculturehassouredmanyoftheireducationalhopesanddreamsthroughthemismatchofculturesbetweenhomeandschooleventuatingintoalossofislandhomelandlanguageandculturalidentity.'ChildrenoftheMigrantdreamers'isalsothenameofmymaster'sthesiswhichinvestigatedtheexperiencesofPasifikastudentsintwoschoolsattemptingtobeculturallyresponsivetoMaoristudentsculminatinginsuccessforallstudents.IncomparingthePasifikastudents'experiencesofthesetwoschoolstominefromoveragenerationago,IhopedtogaugeatruepictureofwhatschoolingrealitylookslikeandtoseeifandhowtheeducationalaspirationsoftheMigrantDreamerswerebeingmanifestedorrealised.WhatIfoundinsteadwasapicturethatallthoseinvolvedwitheducationneedtosee.Bothinter‐andintra‐discriminationasaresultahegemoniccultureofdominanceandabuseasthesestudentscompeteagainsteachotherandagainstMaorifordiminishingresources,perpetuatingthestatusquo.


129.NickHopwood

UniversityofTechnology,SydneyIntercorporealethnographyforpractice

Practiceandadvocacy:doingethnographyontheground

Abstract:

Ethnographymightbroadenitsscopeofworkingwithrealpeopleifitisengagedasinter‐corporealpractice.BythisImeanthatthebodyispositionedatthecentreoftheethnographer'srelationswithbodilyothers,understandingsofrelationshipsbetweenotherbodiesandtheirsetting,andrepresentationsofresearch.Todres(2009)urgesresearcherstodevelopembodiedrelationalunderstandingsthatstandamongratherthanapartfrompractitionersandpractices.Ethnographybecomesaquestionofbodilybeing‐in‐the‐worldand‐with‐othersinordertohelppractitionersre‐orientorre‐relatethemselvestotheirsurroundingsinthecourseofpractice(Shotter2004).Thequestforunknownfactsisreplacedwithabodilypracticethatisrelationalandsituated,drawingonallsenses,emotions,imagination,priorexperience,background,andbringingwithitintimacyandopennessintheunfamiliarityandstrangenessoftheother.Thebody'splacinginrepresentationsofresearchiscritical,too.Shotterfavoursevaluativeandanticipatory1stpersontellingsover3rdpersonreportsreferringtoaclosedpast.Todresexploresrepresentationsthatevokeconcrete,embodiedoccasions(written,poetic,performedetc.)andopenup'other'possibilities,resonantwithHeidegger'snotionsofthrownnessandprojection.Ethnography'sconnectionwithandresponsetothespecificbecomesinterwovenwiththefuture,acastingofwhatmightbe(different)basedonbodilyinter‐relationsandtheirrepresentation.Thiscountersthesilencinganddeligitimisingofthebodyorparticularformsofit(alonglinesofgender,race,ethnicity,age,disability,sexuality),andthusformsthebasisformorebroadlypoliticalethnography(Ellingson2006).


130.ArmonTamatea

DepartmentofCorrections(NZ)"Youshould'vepulledthef*****trigger":'LessonslearnedfrommenwholeavegangsinNewZealand

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Inconjunctionwithprocriminalthinkingstylesandpersonalityvariables(suchasimpulsivityandpsychopathy),antisocialassociationsareconsideredtopresentmajorrisksforoffendingbehaviour(Andrews&Bonta,2006).Widespreadandorganisedantisocialgroups(or'gangs')presentasanespeciallysalientissueforalargeproportionofoffendersinNewZealand,withmanymensustainingmembershipinthesegroupswellintotheiradulthood.Furthermore,gangaffiliationpresentsissuesformembersthatarelargelycriminogenicandareconsideredtohavesevereimpactsontheirabilitytosuccessfullydesistfromoffending.ConsiderableworkhasbeenconductedwithintheDepartmentofCorrections(NewZealand)toascertaintheproportionandaffiliationofgangmembersinprison,aswellaspoliciesdirectedtowardsgangmanagementinprisonandcommunitysettings.However,littleresearchappearstoexistregardingtheroleofgangsinthelivesofoffendersorexaminestheprocessthatsomeofthesementakewhogravitatefromorchoosetoleavethesegroups.Assuch,gangspresentasalargelyunder‐researcheddomainofenquirywhenaddressingmanagement,treatmentandreintegrationneedsofoffendersinthecommunity.Thecurrentpresentationdiscussesfindingsfromanexploratorystudythatinvestigatedchallengesandsuccessesofover20formergangmembersfromaroundNewZealand.Criticalexperiencesinganglifeandfactorscontributingtothesemen'sdecisiontoleavearecentralareasofexplorationandinsightsintonon‐offendingaspectsofgangmembershipthatmayinformdesistancefromcrimearediscussed.


131.EdwardHowardPrebble

ATransdisciplinaryEthnography?

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:According to Colemen (2005) churches can be useful research places foranthropologistsorethnographerswhospecialiseinsmall‐scalestudyofboundedgroups through in‐depth, participant observation techniques aimed atunderstanding group culture. Inmyview the studyof churches opensus to atleasttwootherdisciplines,OrganisationStudies,andTheology;thefirstbecauseChristians behave similarly to any other groups of humans organised aroundcommongoals,andthesecondbecausechurchmembersseetheirgatheringsnot(ornot simply)ashumancreationsbutasdivineones.Thus theEthnographermust take into account spiritual understandings that fall well outside secularanthropologicalororganisationstudiesdisciplines.Advocatesforatransdisciplinaryapproach,(e.g.Max‐Neef,2005;Nicolescu,2008)refer to such understandings as "levels of reality", and argue that researchersmustmoveoutofstrictdisciplinaryconfines, toexplorethatwhichisbetween,across, and beyond all disciplines. This requires researchers to be, notuninvolvedbystanders,butactiveparticipants,"beings‐in‐the‐world".Pursuitofthiskindofunderstandingleadsinevitablytoconsiderationofvalues,spirituality,andthetranscendental.Considerationsoftheselevelsofrealityarerelevanttoanyorganisationorgatheringofhumans.ButIsuggestthatthestudyofchurchesmaybeausefulareaforexploringtransdisciplinaryapproaches,asconsideration of the transcendental is alreadypart of their self‐understanding.Mycurrentprojectwithfivechurchesusesanevolvingmethodologicalapproach,regarding churchmembers as co‐researchers, andprogressively allowing theirprioritiestoshapetheissuestoberesearched,andthemethodsused.


132.AmyMarfell

WaikatoUniversityPlayingNetballacrossFourGenerations:UsingFocusGroupstoCaptureNewZealandWomen'sSportingExperiences

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Recognisingthesignificanceofsocio‐culturalcontext,timeandsocialchangeforunderstandingwomen'ssportingexperiences,thispaperadoptsapost‐structuralfeministapproachtoexamineaselectionofNewZealandwomen'sexperiencesofplayingnetballduringfourdifferenthistoricalconjunctures.InthisprojectIemployedaseriesoffocusgroupstohelpcaptureandexploretheuniquestoriesandlivedexperiencesofwomenwhoplayednetballduringthe1940's,1970's,1990's,and2010's.InthispaperIreflectcriticallyupontheuseoffocusgroupsasanemergingmethodwithinintergenerationalresearch.Morespecifically,IsharesomeinsightsintotheprocessofconductingfocusgroupswithNewZealandwomenofdifferentages,particularlyissuesrelatingtomemory,rapport,andmyfamilialandsocialrelationshipswithparticipants,aswellastherelationshipsexistingbetweenparticipants.Aswellasofferingsomereflectionsonmyattemptstofacilitatefocusgroupswithwomenintheirteens,early20s,late40s,andlate70's,Ialsodiscusshowthismethodologicalapproachallowedmetoexaminetheaffectsoftime,socialchange,andthebroadersocio‐cultural‐politicalcontextofNewZealandwomen'snetballexperiences.

133Abstract133waswithdrawnandresubmitted–seeabstractnumber143.


134.OwainMareduddGwynne

UniversityofOtagoThereandBackAgain:StudyingFanResponsetoTheHobbitfilmadaptation.

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Exerimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Mytopicinvolvesstudyingfanreactiontotheupcomingfilm,TheHobbit.MymethodologyconsistsofsurveyingfanwebsitesanddiscussionforumsleadinguptothereleaseofTheHobbit.Iamlookingforpatternsthatemergeindiscussionsandidentifykeytalkingpoints.Iamalsointerestedinthewaysinwhichproducersareactivelymakinguseofthesewebsitesduringtheproductionofthefilms.Iwillbeanalysingfanresponsetokeypointsinthedevelopmentofthefilm,suchasthereleaseofofficialteasersandtrailers,circulationofinformationandspoilers,thereleaseofmerchandise,aswellastheriseoffan‐fictionandotherformsoffanparticipation(fan‐madetrailersonYoutube,forexample).TheHobbitpresentsanintriguingnewchallengeforproducerswhohavealreadybeenseentorelyheavilyuponexistingfanbasesandreachingouttothoseaudiencesthroughwebsites.IfTheLordoftheRingstrilogywasseenassomewhatuniqueinthesensethatitcateredtoapre‐existingfanbase‐Tolkien'snovels,thenTheHobbitcanbeseenasdoingsomethingdifferentagain‐drawinguponfansofthebookwhilealsoprovidingconsistencywithJackson'sdiegetic'MiddleEarth'todrawinfansofthetrilogy(manyofwhomwillhaveneverreadthebooks).Thisprovidestheopportunityforafreshoutlookonfancommunities,thetechnologyavailabletotheminmakingtheirvoicesheard,andthewaythistechnologyisbeingusedbythosecreatingthemovies.


135.AnnaCoxandMariaHumphries

UniversityofWaikatoThere,withinus,isthechange


Asresearchersoursharedaspirationsaretoexplorethetransformationofthepressuretoprioritizeeconomicconsiderationsinthevariousspheresofourlives.Asweeachchoosetoliveaspectsofourlifeas'lifeasenquiry'asarticulatedbyMarshall(1999),wereflectandnoticeouractionsandourwordsandtheirrelationshiptothemaintenanceofthedominantsocialorder,anorderweviewasinconsistentwithsociallyespouseddemocraticaspirationstovaluesofjusticeandinclusion.Throughourresearchweseektocontributetothetransformationofthisordertooneofinclusivenessandjustice.Wenotice,bothseparately(autoenthographically)andtogether(inourco‐enquiry)whenmarketbasedactivityisprofferedasasaviourtocureallsocialills,evenwhenthismarketisdemonstrablyharmfulforbothpeopleandplanet.Attimes,wetalktogetheraboutournoticing.Wegrapplewithhowtolivedifferentlyourselves.Wenoticewheninourconversationsweare'stuck'foratransformativeresponsetoourinsights.Wealsonoticethatwehavetheprivilegeoftimeandsecurityofpositiontoexploretherelationshipbetweeninjusticeandharmswroughtbyanexploitativeeconomyandincomenecessity.Ourquestionsincludehowcanweenliventhehopeandpossibilityofmoresociallyorientatedorganization?Howcanweencourageboththoughtandactionthatistransformativeofthedominanteconomicsystem?Andsowetalk,act,reflectandcontinuetolive'lifeasenquiry'‐there,withinus,isthechange.


136.RachaelBurke

MasseyUniversityAucklandUsingvideoasanethnographictoolincrossculturalresearch


Abstract:

Anthropologistshavetraditionallyregardedlengthyperiods'inthefield'asthekeymeansofgatheringethnographicdata.Asitbecomesmoredifficultforresearcherstosustainlong‐termfieldworkthispaperdiscussestheuseofvideoasaneffectiveandaffordableethnographictool.Basedonresearchcarriedoutin2009atonekindergarteninsuburbanNewZealandandonepreschoolinruralJapan,thestudyfollowseducationalanthropologistJosephTobin'sPreschoolinthreeculturesmethodologywhichutilisedfilmtopresentcomparativeviewsofpreschoolsthroughtheeyesofteachers.FollowingobservationofkindergartensessionsinNewZealandandJapan,a'typical'daywasfilmedineachcountry,theneditedandscreenedbacktoteacherstocheckthe'typicality'ofthescenes.Membersofeachculturewerethen(re)filmedastheycriticallyanalysedboththeirowncountry'searlychildhoodpracticeandmadejudgementsabouttheothercentreinthestudy.Thismethodviewsfilmlessasdatabutmoreasameansofexploringandstimulatingdiscussionaroundhowearlychildhoodcentresincorporateimplicitculturalvaluesintopedagogyandpractice.Suchanapproachalsoremovestheanthropologistfromthepowerfulroleof'allseeingnarrator'commoninearlyethnographicfilm,yetrecognisesthesubjectivenatureofeditedvideotapes.Whilestillinprogress,thisstudyaimstoofferaviewofculturallyinformedpracticeinbothNewZealandandJapaneseearlychildhoodcontextsandtoactasastimulusfordialoguebetweenmembersoftheearlychildhoodcommunityinbothcountries.


137.RyleeA.Dionigi

SchoolofHumanMovementStudies,CSUBiographicalAgeingintheContextofMastersSport


Abstract:

Biographicalageingreferstoanindividual'sstoryof(orpersonalmeaningsattachedto)theexperienceofgrowingolder.Ageingandbeing'older'areprimarilypresentedintheliteraturefromaphysicalscienceorbiomedicalperspectivewithanemphasisonthe'decliningbody'.Thispaperarguesthatfocusingonthestoriesofolderpeopleandthe'subjectivebody'willallowforalternativemeaningsofageingtoemergeandamoremeaningfullaterlifetobeenvisaged.ToexplorethisnotionIwillfocusonbiographicalageingwithinthecontextofMasterssport.Howdoolderpeoplemakesenseoftheirparticipationinsportdespitetheirageingbodies?Whatdoesitmeantobegrowingolderandhighlyphysicallyactive?Masterssport(alsoknownasVeteran'sorSeniorsport)hasdevelopedintoasophisticatedfromofcompetitionthatprovidesspaceforolderpeopletobegin,continueorre‐startparticipationinarangeofindividualandteamevents,suchasrunning,tennis,swimming,cycling,hockey,basketballandrugby.Todate,verylittlequalitativeresearchofanykindhasbeenconductedonoldersportspeople.ThefewstudiesthathaveexploredMasterssportparticipationfromaqualitativesocialscienceperspective,however,showcomplex(andattimescontradictory)themesofresistancetoandacceptanceoftheageingprocess,aswellaspresentwaysofredefiningwhatitmightmeantobeanolderperson.Thecollectiveresearchalsodemonstrateshowpersonalstoriesaccessrealbodies,reallivesandrealexperiencesthatinterweavebroaderculturaldiscoursescommonlyassociatedwithsportandageing.


138.TIANLI

EffectsofLeadershipStylesonSupervisorSubordinateGuanxi,PerceivedControlandPsychologicalOwnershipinChineseOrganizations


Abstract:

Effectsofleadershipstylesonsupervisor‐subordinateguanxi,perceivedcontrolandpsychologicalownershipinChineseorganizationsThedevelopmentofglobalizationinAsia,especiallyinChina,hasgeneratedagrowingnumberofwesternorganizationsthatengageinco‐operations,jointventures,ordirectinvestmentsinthiscountry.Meanwhile,therearemanyChinesecompaniesthataredevelopingtheireconomiceffortsinwesterncountries.Bothofthesecompaniestradetheirproductionandimposemanagementstyleonforeigncountry.Asaconsequence,theseenterprisesaredealingwithculturaldifferencesandchallengesindifferentleadershipstyles.EventhoughChinahasobviouschangesineconomicindustrialization,itisstillbelievedtobeoneofthemosttraditionalandcollectivistcountriesinAsia.Therefore,themanagementofdifferentculturesisachallengeforwesternorganizationsthatundertakecross‐culturalactivesinChina.Cross‐culturalleadershipstylesareneededtoovercomeculturalbarrierstoavoidmisunderstandingandconflict.Meanwhile,employees'perceivedcontrolandpsychologicalownership(fortheirjobandorganization)havebeenpaidattentionrapidlyaswellinChineseworkcontext.However,Chineseorganizationsstillhavetheirownuniquerequirementforleadership,suchasmanagingsupervisors‐subordinatesguanxiintheworkenvironment.TheprimaryemphasisoftheresearchistodefinethecontentoftheguanxirelationshipwithinaChinesemanagerialcontextbyusingwesternconceptsofpsychologicalownershipandperceivedcontrol.ThisresearchisdesignedtodevelopalongitudinalstudytoatheoreticalmodelinChineseworkcontext;toclearlydemonstratehowmanagers/supervisorssupervisetheirsubordinatestodevelopguanxirelationshipintheworkenvironment,inordertoincreasesubordinates'feelingofownership,andhowitrelatestoindividualworkoutcomes.


139.DaveSnell

UniversityofWaikatoWhattheydidn'ttellmeinmethodologyclass:Unexpectedissuesinautoethnography

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Socialpsychologistshavepointedtotheimmersionintocommunitylifeandgreaterconsultationwithcommunitiesasbeingameansofbeingmorerespectfultothelivesofparticipantsaswellasawayofobtainingawealthofpersonaldata.Immersionintoacommunitycancreateanumberoftensionsaroundlevelsofparticipation,legitimisingresearchtoothersandissuesrelatingtopersonalsafety.Theseissuesbecomeevenmorecomplexwhentheethnographerisamemberofthatcommunityandisconductinganauto‐ethnographicproject.InthispaperIdiscusssomeofthetheoretical,ethicalandpersonalissuesthattheydidnottellmeinmethodologyclasses‐theunexpectedissuesthatariseasaMetallerstudyingHeavyMetal.


140.LiseBirdClaiborne

DepartmentofHumanDevelopment,FOE,UniversityofWaikatoBodiesIhaveInhabited:Exploringwaystospeakandseemultiplecompetenciesacrosstimeandspace

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Manymorepeoplestudyatuniversitytodaythandid40yearsago.Andthereisgreaterwillingnesstocountenancethenotionthatbodiesmarkedas'competent'areconstructedbylong‐heldyethistoricallysuspectdiscoursesthatunderpineuro‐westernbeliefsabouthumanpotential.Myresearchhaslinkedthesediscourseswithessentialistnotionsofdifference,whilemyexperiencesasteacher,administratorandsometimecyborgmakemequestionthemodernviewthatwenowoperateinapost‐eugenic,diverselyegalitarianworld.Thispapertellsthestoryofmylongsearchforawaytospeakaboutnewconstructionsofthebodyineverydayconversationaboutperformanceandpotential.Itellthisstoryfromthepointofviewofanacademicofthebabyboomgenerationtakingalineofflightacrosstime,asIattempttodeconstructfutureandpastselves.Tohelpinterruptmystockofclichédstorylines,Ibuildavisualassemblagetotellastorythatisbothpersonalanddis‐assembled.Ialsodrawonmypuzzlementinpastinterviewswitheducationalpsychologistswhoweretornbetweenconstructingcoherentnarrativesforfamiliesoftroubledyoungpeoplewhileallowingincoherencethespacetotroublenormativenarratives.AsIrevisitculturalidentitywork,IamencouragedbyDeleuzianmisgivingsaboutthelinearlifetrajectory,insteadpayingmoreattentiontothesidelinesandconstraintsthathelpedtocreatethebodiesIhaveinhabited.


141.TeAraniBarrettandNgatiAwa

UniversityofWaikatoInterfacingculturalresponsivenessincontractmanagement

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:ThispaperdiscusseshowtheTeKotahitangaOperationsManagerhasbeguntoworkresponsivelywithsecondaryschoolprincipalswhoarefacingthechallengeofraisingMaoristudentachievementintheirschools.Inundertakingthisworkdevelopingrespectfulprofessionalrelationshipshavebeenessentialateverypointwhereleadersareengaging.Thecontextsforprogressvisitmeetingshaveshiftedfromafocusonprojectcompliancerequirementstoco‐constructingmilestonereportsthatwillbetterreflectthedeeper,pedagogicalleadershippracticesthattheyarebeginningtodemonstrate.MilestonereportshavedevelopedintodatarichprofessionallearningconversationsthatprovidetheTeKotahitangateamwithalensintoboththeleadershipandthepedagogyofeachschool.Thesediscussionshaveincludedprincipals'conscientisationaroundimportantaspectsintheirschoolssuchasidentity,socialjustice,transformationalleadershipinpractice,recognizingtheimportanceofevidenceandshiftsintheirteachers'theorizinginpractice.Eachoftheseaspectswillbediscussedinturn.


142.ElizabethRankin

DepartmentofArtHistory,UniversityofAucklandIntheWakeoftheTaskforceonMuseumsandFirstPeoples:Canadianinsightsintoexhibitingindigenouscultures

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Thedebatesofnewmuseologyhavebeendominatedbyquestionsabouthowtorepresent indigenous peoples in the context of western museums and artgalleries which previously either ignored their culture or relegated it to thecategoryofethnography.AsarecipientofaCanadianFacultyEnrichmentGrant,IwasabletovisitmuseumsandgalleriesacrossCanada, inMontreal(Quebec),Toronto, Brantford and Ottawa (Ontario), Victoria, Vancouver and Alert Bay(British Columbia), including national, provincial and private institutions andmuseums in cultural centres on reserves. My observations were aided bydiscussions of exhibition strategies with curators, both indigenous andnon‐indigenous,whowereworkingintheareaoffirstnationcultures.Afterdiscussing recommendationsof theReport of theTaskforceonMuseumsand First Peoples of 1992, this paperwill consider someof the strategies thathavebeenusedindevelopingexhibitionsthatrepresentthevisualandmaterialculture of indigenous Canadian peoples ‐ various forms of consultation andcollaborationwith communities; promoting access to collections, both directlyand through databases; ways of providing information for museum audiencesthat contextualises work historically but also demonstrates that it belongs toliving traditions; repatriation both of individual items and at national andprovinciallevelthroughlandtreatyclaims.Whileopinionsaboutthesuccessofthesestrategiesvary,manymuseumshave formedvitalpartnershipswith firstnationpeoplesthatgreatlyenrichnotonlyexhibitsonindigenousmaterials,butalsotheoverallrepresentationofCanadianhistoryandculture.


143. DonnRatanaAperformancesharingthesocio/politicalimagesofemergingandestablishedeasternPolynesianartistscreatedataputahi(gaterhing)

60minutesPerformanceEmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:THE PERFORMANCE WILL INVOLVE THE KAIKORERO[story teller]PRESENTING THE VISUAL IMAGES OF A NUMBER OF EMERGING ANDESTABLISHED EASTERN POLYNESIAN ARTIST AND THEIRKORERO[NARRATIVES] THE KAIKORERO WILL DISCUSS THEIRINSPIRATION.THE BEGINNING OF THE CREATIVE PROCESS FOR THEARTWORK.THERESEARCHINVOLVED.THEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEIDEAS.THEEXPLORATIONOFTHEMEDIUM.THERESOLUTIONOFTHEFINALWORK.WILLTHEIMAGEMAKEADIFFERENCETOTHEVIEWER?ORDOESTHEARTWORKONLY BECOME A FOCUS FOR ARTISTS TO SHARE THEIR PERSONALDEVELOPMENT.AS AN INDIGENOUS ARTIST CAN YOU MAKE A STATEMENTTHAT HIGHLIGHTS THE ISSUES OF TINO RANGATIRATANGA. [selfdetermination].THE 'Colanization' OF TAHITI,HAWAII AND NEW ZEALAND.THEMANDUSWHYCAN'TWEALLBETHESAME'ISSUE'BUTWHO'SSAMEMYSAMEORYOURSAME.SOMEARTISTSLOOKATMORELOCALIZEDISSUESTHATARE CLOSER TO THEM.CAN INDIGENOUS ARTISTS MAKE A SLIGHTDIFFERENCE?ARE THEIR IDEAS COMMUNICATED CLEARLY?IS THE WORLDSTILL"Whiteware'?


144. Jo Straker UniversityofWaikatoMeaningmaking:Who'smeaning?

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Storiesareimportantinconstitutingmeaningsaboutpeople'sexperiencesintheoutdoors.ButIsometimesponderonwhosestoriesarebeingtold.AotearoaNewZealand isoftenreferred toasanaturalparadise.Symbolsof 'theoutdoors'as'100% pure, clean and green' resonate with many. These views also have adefiningroleintheconstructionofnationalidentityeventhoughscantattentionhas been given to 'which outdoors' or the different meanings these symbolsrepresent. Suchmattersnever really occurred tomeuntil Iwandered into theworld of research when I was challenged to put aside my own views andconsider?who'smeaning?Onewayinwhichmeaningsarerevealedisthroughstories.Hereonecangetasense for various levels of ambiguity, individuality, emotion, cultural values,alongwithmanyparadoxesassociatedwithexperiences‐intheoutdoors.Inthetelling of a story, the story teller usually remains the dominant character inshapingthemeaning.Insomeresearchhowever,thatbalancecaneasilyshiftsothemeaningfinishesupbecomingthatoftheresearcher. InmyownresearchIsometimes struggle to strike a balance even though wanting to ensure theparticipant'svoiceisthedominateone.InthispresentationIexploreanumberof strategies used in my research to retain focus on the meanings theparticipants,notI,holdabouttheoutdoors.


145. Rhonda Shaw SchoolofSocial&CulturalStudies,VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonEmotionandethicsininterviewsonorgandonationandtransplantation

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Organdonationandtransplantationhasthepotentialtosavelives.Fromtheperspectiveofpublichealthitalsohasacost/benefitadvantage,whichiswhygovernmentsarekeentopromoteitandwhythemediaoftenrelayaccountsofitspositiveandtransformativeeffectsonpeople'slives.Organtransferalsoraisesanumberofethicalandemotionalissues.InthispresentationIaddresstheseissuessociologically,drawingonface‐to‐facein‐depthinterviewsof1to2½hoursdurationundertakenbetween2008‐2010with24tissuerecipients,13livingorgandonorsand9membersofdonorfamiliestoinvestigateperceptionsofpersonhoodandidentityinthecourseoftissueexchange.Inparticular,Iexaminetheconcernsofmyintervieweesaroundanonymityprotocolandthenatureoftherelationshipthatarisesbetweenresearchparticipantsandresearcherswhenemotionalissuesareraisedininterviewsituations.Insodoing,thepresentationwillfocusonthetensionbetweenproceduralethics,asembeddedincodesandprinciples,and"ethicsinpractice"insocialresearchdefinedasbroadlyempathic.


146.AndreaMaryMilligan,Dr.LiseBirdClaiborne,Dr.SueCornforth,Dr.E,JayneWhite

VictoriaUniversityofWellington.ThemanyfacesofVaria.

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Wearefourresearcherswhotrialledaformofcollectivebiographicalmemoryworkasameansofengagingnewresearcherswiththepossibilitiesofinnovativequalitativemethodologies.Thepresentationtracesthedelightsandchallenges,boththeoreticalandpersonal,thatweexperiencedaswesetoutoverwhatwasforus,newterritory.Ourinterestbeganintheworkofaresearchgroupinwhichweinvestigatedtheoftencontradictoryeducationalthemesofinclusionandmastery.FromthiswasbornVariawhoplayedhideandseekwithinthefoldsofButler'simaginedsubject.Thefourcoreresearchersthentookthenowdevelopedformofcollaborativebiographytofournew,groups‐someofwhomwereteachers,somepractitionersandsomeresearchers.Fromtheoriginalseedingprojectemergedfourdiverseinterpretationsofthemethodology;diversenewsubjectivitiesweremadeavailableforscrutinyeachunsettlingvariousestablishedforms.Wecontinuetoworktogetherandnowreflectonthesurprises,thedifficulties,thedelightsandthedangerswhichweexperiencedinoursearchforamorepleasurable,inclusiveandunsettlingformofresearch.


147.NicholasPerry

UniversityofAucklandEthnographyofaConcept:RethinkingtheUrbanImaginary

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:EversinceGeorgSimmel'sclassic1903essayonTheMetropolisandMentalLife,'the city' has been understood as at once a material physical entity and animaginedenvironment.Evenwhenthepredominantemphasisofurbanstudieswas on the ecology of urban forms, the distribution of populations and thelocation of institutional centres, the notion that the city was also a mentalconstruct was not wholly displaced. Furthermore, those processes ofrestructuring which were, and are, associated with the most recent phase ofglobalisation,haspromptedareconceptualisingof the foundationalcategoryofspace (and of the city)within contemporary social and critical theory(eg LashandUrry1994;Soja1996).Walter Benjamin's account of the flâneur (a.k.a the stroller) and Michel deCerteau's pedestrian, offer classic versions of such an imaginary that haveattracted interest. For the flâneur, the built environment of the city, togetherwith its flows of traffic and peoples, are understood as resources for theconstructionofatext.Initsturn,suchatextisunderstoodasaresponseto,andanexemplaryrepresentationof,thefluxofmodernity.Subsequentdevelopmentshave sought to incorporate the implications of a progressively moremedia‐saturated environment and with it the much enhanced internal andinter‐textual relations within and between representations of the urban. Forwhen notions of urbanity have become so strongly mediated, and when thenotionofcitiesashavingclearlydiscernableandfixedboundariesisatoddswiththe lived experience of its inhabitants, then the textualizing of urbanity is nolongerlimitedtounderstandingthe(presumptivelyunmediated)cityasatextualresource. Urban flânerie has also been interpreted as of relevance to suchmedia‐based practices as channel surfing and the selective appropriation oftelevision texts (Fiske 1987; Tester 1994). Anne Friedberg's (1992) loopingtogetheroftheexperienceofcinema,shoppingmallsandfreewaydrivinginthenotion of the 'virtual mobile gaze' goes beyond the more conventionalmedia‐based versions of flânerie in recognising both the fluidity and thediscourse‐dependent and institutionalised locations of such a cultural matrix.And Bruno Latour's internet ‐based Paris: Ville Invisible nods towards ItaloCalvino'sfabulistfictionininvestingflâneriewithanactornetworkperspective.Takentogether,suchstudiessuggesthowtheurban imaginaryconceptmaybeelucidatedbybeingmapped,not justalong the familiaraxesof timeandplace,butalsointermsofitstechnologiesofrepresentation.1.ThispaperformspartofawiderstudythatissupportedbyagrantfromtheRoyalSocietyofNewZealandMarsdenFund.


148. Antonio Garcia and Joanna Kidman VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonThecontributionofethnographytoaninterdisciplinaryapproachtosociallyexcludedyouth.AstudyofthenotionofyouthinmothersofyoungpeopleattendedinaPsychosocialPrograminSantiago,Chile.

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:In Chile, the situation of socially excluded adolescent drug abusers is verycomplex. In this context, some public programs that work with these youngpeople, traditionally dominated by psychological and psychiatric perspectives,haveincludedanthropologistsontheirprofessionalteams.Thisresearchaimstouseanethnographicapproach,toenrichtheperspectiveofthiskindofprogram,inordertoincreaseitslegitimacy,effectiveness,andimpact.The study arises in the context of my work as an anthropologist, in a PublicProgram in chargeof the treatment of youthwith a historyof drug abuse andconflictswiththelaw.Thestudyexploresthenotionofyouthproducedbysevenwomen who attend this program with their sons, all residents in the samesuburb in Santiago. From a critical analysis of traditional developmentalpsychological approaches to adolescence I have constructed a theoreticalframework based on anthropology of age and the notions of social field andgenerationproposedbyPierreBourdieu.The ethnographic approach is based on the use of life stories and participantobservation. The research reconstructs from the biographical experience anddiscourseofonesubject(thewomen)thelifetrajectoryofathirdabsentsubject(their young sons). Thus, using content analysis, it discovers the role of theinstitutionalsystemsandthesocio‐urbanhistoryinformingtheconceptofyouthand defining two main notions within; youth as "autonomy", and youth as"reproduction".


149. Dr Sue Cornforth, Dr Jeannie Wright and Steve Lang VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonWritingourselvesintoWaikawa

Socialjusticeandtransformation:theoreticalethnographicvisionsAbstract:

Usingaformofcollaborativevisualpoetry,we(thepresenters)explorenewversionsofidentitythatinterweaveselveswithlandscapes.Beginningwithcollectivebiographicalmemorywork.asagroupofmigrantacademics,wesoughttoexploretheinfluenceofthenaturalenvironment,aswerestructuredournewidentitiesinnewlands.Findingconventionalproseinadequatetothepurposeofdescribingoursharedembodiedexperiences,weturnedtofreeformpoetryasawayofescapingthediscursiveconstraintsofrationality.Insodoing,wepresentanethnographicvisionoftheself,whichtracesbackwardsandforwardsacrossbodies,landscapesandtime,producingidentitiesthatarefluid‐alwayslivingingeographicalliminality.Wearguethatthisisanecessary,andethical,conditionforbeingaliveinanenvironmentallychallengedandincreasinglyglobalisedworld;oneinwhichtheseparationofthehumanfromthenaturalhasledtoenvironmentaldegradationandspiritualcrises.


150.SamStott

FacultyofEducationandSocialWork,UniversityofSydneyThecriticalethnographicmultiplecasestudy:Anemergingmethod


Abstract:

Thispresentationwillintroducethecriticalethnographicmultiplecasestudyasanemergingmethodologytoaddresscontemporaryresearchquestionsinnon‐traditionalways.Thisapproachtoresearchfacilitatesreflexiveandcollaborativedescriptionandinterpretationofboundedexamplesofaculture.Asamethodology,itprovidesatransferable'opportunitytolearn'fromdifferentlivedmanifestationsofthecultureinquestion,withintimeandresourceconstraints.Apostmoderncriticalresearchperspectiveinformsthecriticalethnographicmultiplecasestudy.Thisperspectivelocatesresearchersandparticipantsinapowerrelationshipconstructedfromtheprivilegeandoppressioneachexperienceonthegroundsofdemographicfactorssuchasage,gender,ethnicity&accesstoeducation.Itthenattemptstodeconstructthesepowerrelationsandchallengethedominanthegemonybyco‐constructingknowledgethroughtheresearchprocess.Theresearchjourneyisdesignedtotransformtheperspectiveofbothresearchersandparticipants.Inthismethodology,dataareprimarilygeneratedbyparticipants,grantingthemgreatercontrolwithrespecttohowtheirexperiencesarerepresentedandcommunicated.Participants'voicesandexperiencesarecentraltothefocusoneachcase.Ethnographictechniquessuchasparticipantobservation,fieldinterviews,detailedfieldnotes,researcherandparticipantreflectivediariesandparticipant‐generatedphotosandvideorecordingsmaybeintegratedintoamoretraditionalcasestudydesign.Thesessionwillexploretheconnectionbetweenresearchperspective,methodologyandmethodandinvestigatetheroleofhybridandemergingmethodologiesinansweringcontemporaryresearchquestions.Researchinprogresswillbepresentedtoelucidatesomeofthecoremethodologicalconcepts.


151.PeterWilkinson

MasseyUniversityEthnographyandMateriality


Abstract:

ThispaperistheresultofatwoyearethnographicstudyofthewindsurfinglifestylesportsubcultureinNewZealand.Ibeganmystudyasacompleteparticipant,thenparticipantobserver,finallycompletingformalinterviews.Approachingthestudyfromamaterialculturestandpoint,oneoftheearlyareasoffocuswasthesocialroleplayedbythematerialobjectsoftheactivity.Thusthestudywasnotrestrictedtothewaysthatpeopleacted,andtheirmotivations,butthewaysthatobjects'acted'inthiscontext.Statuswithinthesubcultureisalmostentirelyattributedonthebasisoftheskillleveloftheparticipant.The'kit'(equipment)usedbysailorsisprogressive,thatistosaythatonlythemostskilledparticipantsarecapableofusingthemostadvancedgear.Theexpectationthereforewasthatthekitthatisownedbyanindividualwouldactinasocialmannertocommunicatethelevelofcommitment,skill,andthereforestatustoothersubculturalmembers.Whattheethnographicworkrevealedwasthatthesituationismorecomplexthanthat,althoughthematerialobjectsdidplayasocialrole.Thekitnotonlyactsasanindicatorofstatus,butcanhavetheoppositeeffecttothatdesiredifitisdeemedbyothersubculturalmembersthatthekitdisplayedisbeyondtheabilitiesofthesailor.Italsoactsateverystageofanindividual'sdevelopmentofasubculturalidentity.So,whilstmyethnographicworkwaswithpeople,itwasalsowithmaterialobjectsandtheirabilityto'act'.


152.MatiuTaiRatima

UniversityofAucklandEthnographyattheinterface:FactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofproficiencyintereoMaoriforadultlearners.


Abstract:

Ethnographyattheinterface:FactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofproficiencyintereoMaoriforadultlearners.Contemporaryethnographymatterspreciselybecauseotherformsofacademicenquiry(quantitative,positivistic,objective,andscientific)haveeffectivelysilencedthevoicesoftheindigenouspeoplesoftheworld.IwantmyresearchtoempowerMaorivoice.IseektopositionmyPhDstudyattheinterfacebetweentwoworldviews:theWesternacademictraditionandMataurangaMaori.Theethnographicmethodprovidesa"bestfit"formyresearchquestion(WhatfactorsaffectthedevelopmentofhighlevelsofproficiencyforadultlearnersofteReo?)becausetheparticipantsarefreetotelltheirownstories.ContemporaryethnographyalsoprovidestheopportunitytoapplyathematicanalysisofthesestorieswhichwillproduceaframeworkforunderstandingthedevelopmentoftereoMaoriproficiency.MyPhDresearchwillexplorethelearningjourneysof30highlyproficientsecondlanguagespeakersoftereoMaori.ThepurposeoftheresearchistoexamineexemplarsofadultMaorilanguagelearnerstoinformthedevelopmentofaMaorisecondlanguagelearningframework.


153.PatriciaMcClunieTrustandWendyChileshe

WaikatoInstituteofTechnologyAutoethnographyascriticalinquiry:selfnarrativesofablackforiegneducatednurseworkinginNewZealand

Practiceandadvocacy:doingethnographyonthegroundAbstract:Nurses are involvedwith intimate aspects of otherpeople's lives, in situationsthat often involveprofound vulnerability. Building culturally safe relationshipswithclientswhousehealthservices,andotherhealthprofessionalsinvolvedintheir care, requiresanunderstandingof the self in relation toothers.Focusingattentionontheselfinthesocialcontextofprofessionalpracticeisanimportantaspect of coming to know ourselves as others see us. Autoethnography is aresearch approach that enables nurses to critically engage with their ownhistoricalandculturalbackgrounds,toquestionwhatinfluencestheselftothinkandactincertainways.Itoffersnurseresearchersdeeplyreflexivestrategiestorevealtheculturalhistoryoftheselfthatwebringtoencounterswithclientsandcolleagues.ThispresentationexplorestheculturalhistoryofablackforeigneducatednursewhowasrecruitedfromZambiatoworkinNewZealand.UsingChang's(2008)conceptualisationofautoethnography,itexamineshowherculturalbackgroundinfluenced her passage into nursing in a new social and professional context.This research gives voice to the challenges she experienced in coming tounderstand how the theme of colonisation that emerged in the analysis hadplayedaroleinshapingheridentityasapersonandanurse.Inopeningupherpastforinterrogation,shebecameawareofhowshehadembracedcertainviewsof theworld as the outcomes of interactions between herself and the array ofsocialforcesandculturalpracticesthatsheparticipatedin.


154. PareshaSinha,DrSuzetteDyer,DrAiHsinHo ManagementSchool,UniversityofWaikatoGlobalisationandSkilledImmigrants:InsightsfromExperiencesofSkilledImmigrantsinNewZealand

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Amajorfeatureofglobalisationisthetrendtowardscross‐bordermobilityoflabour.NewZealandhasalsoexperiencedanincreaseinthenumberofskilledimmigrantsfrommanyregionsoftheworld.Becauseofcurrentskillshortagesinthetightlabourmarket,skilledimmigrantsareconsideredasakeyresourcetofillthegaps.Thisresearchinvolved25skilledimmigrantsfromregionsincludingAfrica,Asia,andEuropetoexploretheirexperiencesofcomingto,settlinginandfindingemploymentinNewZealand.Datawascollectedbyemploying'engaged'orqualitativeresearchmethods(Denzin&Lincoln,2005).Patton(1990)suggeststhatqualitativeresearchmethodsaremoreappropriatewhenthepurposeistogaininsightintothesubjectiveexperiencesofparticipants.Tothisend,in‐depthfacetofaceinterviewswereconductedtoexploretheimmigrants'subjectiveexperiencessincemigratingtoNewZealand.Groundedtheorymethodology(Glaser&Strauss,2005)wasemployedtoanalysetheinterviewdata.Throughthreecodingprocedures,includingopen,axialandselectivecoding,theoreticalsaturationwasachieved.Basedontheexperiencesoftheparticipants,emotionallabour(Hochschild,1983)emergedasthecorethemewhichsignifiedavarietyofemotionalstrugglesthatwerecommonlyexperiencedbytheparticipants.Specifically,thisstudyidentifiedthepushandpullfactorsthatdrewtheparticipantstoNewZealandandtheirmismatchedexpectationsandrealities.Thefindingsmovebeyondthecurrentliteratureonworkplaceemotionallabourtoimmigrants'collectiveemotionallabourandtheircopingstrategies.Identifyingthecommonemotionallabourissuesamongstmigrants,thestudydiscusseskeystrategiesforcopingandmanagingmigrants'emotionallabourinturnfacilitatingtheirintegrationintotheNewZealandsoceity.Keywords:Migration,immigration,NewZealand,Migrantexperiences,groundedtheory,emotionallabour


155.LisaM.Hayes

Dept.Sport&LeisureStudies,UniversityofWaikatoOnewoman,onetoomany

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:" ... rejected on the grounds that this has been adequately researched andactionedthroughtheHIV/AIDSFoundation,FamilyPlanningandRainbowYouthwithGovernmentinvolvementandfundingbeingmadeavailable."ThisistheresponsereceivedtoaremitcallingforincreasedactiontoresourceHIV&AIDSeducationforNewZealandwomen,especiallyyoungwomen.Howtorespond?This paper uses autoethnography to describe my own personal journey ofdiscovery into theworld ofHIV andAIDS. It describes and explores the socialawarenesses, social attitudes, stigmaanddiscrimination that have existed, andstillprevail,towardsthissilentmenace.ThroughautoethnographyIalsohonourandacknowledgethosewhohavegenerously'given'oftheirtimeandtheirawhito share the ways in which they, as Positive people, have touched my life, toinstillinmethepassionandconvictioneachandeveryonematters.Theaimistonot only enhance the reader's knowledge and understanding of the medicaldiscoursethatsurroundsthisdisease,buttocontextualizethepositionofbeingPositiveina'negative'world.Further,Iattempttodemonstratehowreflexivityof thecontextswithinwhich thisdisease is locatedhindersand/orhelps in itsongoingtransmission.Fromthis'position'Ibegintheresearchprocesstoarguethat'onewoman,isonetoomany'.


156. Rachael Fabish VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonWhereparallellivesmeet:"Learningtobeaffected"anddecolonisationresearchinAotearoa

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:InthispresentationIwilldiscusstheearlystagesofmyPhDproject‐acollaborativeexplorationofhowcolonialismaffectsmyownanarchist/activistcommunity.ThroughoutAotearoaitseemsclearthatmanyMaoristraddletwoculturesineverydaylife,whilePakeharemainlargelymonocultural,yetlittlespacehasbeencreatedforengagementaroundhowthisaffectsourpersonalinteractions.WithintheWellingtonanarchistscene,theseissuescametotheforeafterthe"TerrorRaids"of2007leftourcommunityflounderingtoconfrontitsownissuesaroundcolonisationandactivism.ManyMaorimembersofthesceneweremarginalisedduringthisperiod.AsaPakeha,Iwasforcedtoconfrontmyownignoranceandwhiteprivilege.MyPhDprojectcameoutofthesedifficultrealisations.Thispresentationwillfocusonmystruggletopositionmyselfasaresearcherwithinmyowncommunity‐attemptingtoovercomemy"Pakehaparalysis"through"learningtobeaffected".Inthisjourney,IhavebeeninspiredbyKaupapaMaorimethodology,whichledmetoacollaborativemethodologydrawingonParticipatoryActionResearch,interactiveinterviewingandauto‐ethnography.Tocreatethespaceforethicalresearch,whileattemptingtobringthemarginstothecentre,Iformedasmallwomen'scollectiveofMaori,PakehaandTauIwianarchists.Thiscollectiveprovidesasharedopportunityforreflectionandasitewithinwhichtoworkatshiftingourinteractionstowardssomethingmorejust,fulfillingandsustainable.HereIwilldiscusssomeofthechallengesandrewardsofresearchingourselves‐bothindividuallyandcollectively.


157.JennyMcMahon

UniversityofTasmaniaUsingnarrativeethnographytochallengepedagogieswhichpervadeAustralianswimmingculture.

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:IntroductionThispresentationisbasedonproposedpostdoctoralresearch.PreviousresearchbyMcMahon,Penney,Dinan‐Thompson(in‐press)revealedhowbodypedagogiesoccurredinandthroughtheAustraliaswimmingculture,articulatingalongstandingeffectonswimmers.Recommendationsforfutureresearchemphasisedaneedforattentiontoshiftfromtheexposureandeffectofpedagogy,totheconnectionbetweenacquisitionandpracticeofpedagogy.Thispresentationthusfocusesonthenextphaseofresearchwherenarrativeethnographywillbeutilisedincoacheducationprogrammes,examiningitsusefulnessinchallengingpedagogyacquisition.Aimsoftheprojectorresearchquestionsand/orfocusofenquiryTheproposedresearchwillcentreonwhetherstoriedrepresentations(autoethnographicandnarrativeaccounts)ofeliteandamateurswimmerswillchallengeexistingcoachingpedagogiesoccurringwithintheAustralianswimmingculture.NarrativeethnographywillbeusedtopresentthelivedexperiencesofswimmersfromtheAustralianswimmingculturetothecoaches.Itwillalsobeutilisedasamethodofrecordingtheirresponsesandfeelings,withtheintentionthatthereaderwillbeabletovicariouslyshareintheirresponses.ResearchmethodsInpreviousresearchbyMcMahon,Penney&Dinan‐Thompson(in‐press),narrativeethnography(alsousedbyTedlock,1991;DouglasandCareless,2008)andautoethnographywerefoundtoprovideMcMahonandtwootherparticipantswiththeappropriatespacetorevealtheirlivedexperiencesintheeliteandamateursportingcultureofAustralianswimming.Thesestoriedaccountswillbeusedinthisresearchasatooltorecordtheresponsesofcoaches,investigatingthepotentialimpactthatthesestoriedaccountshaveonthecoaches.Narrativeethnographywillsubsequentlybeused,primarilyto:.foregroundthecoaches'voiceintheresearch;.achieveandmaintainhighlycollaborativerelationsthroughouttheresearchprocess;.enablethereadertotakeonandreadfromthepositionsandperspectivesofthecoaches,vicariouslysharingintheirthoughtsandfeelings;and.ensurethattheresearchprocesshaspurposeforthecoaches,withspecific


recognitionthattheremaybelearningpotentialcreatedfromthiswork.Inthewritingassociatedwiththisresearch,storiesfromthecoacheswillbeforegroundedastheprimarydata.Researchfindingsand/orcontributiontothefieldThefindingsofthisresearchwillbeimportanttoacademicsandprofessionalsinthefieldsofhealthandphysicaleducation,sportandeducation.Specificallythisresearchwillexaminethepotentialvalueofnarrativeethnographyasatoolinchallengingpedagogicalpractice.Itismyintentiontoseekinpromptingpractitioners(inthiscasesportscoaches)tochallenge'contemporaryandfuturepractices'.


158.CliveC.Pope

UniversityofWaikatoMerleauPontygoesdigitalattheV8's

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:ForthelastthreeyearsHamiltoncityhashostedaV8Supercarsevent.MuchofthepitchfromtheeventorganizersisaimedtoattractsizablecrowdstotheV8experience.Forthreedaystheinnercityislockeddownasnormalbusinessroutinessuccumbtoconcretebarriers,high‐octanefuel,temporarygrandstandsandscreechingrubber.Thecircuitiscossetedsoonlyticketholdersexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheevent.ThispresentationwillexplorethelivedexperienceoftheV8supercarsspectator.InparticularitwilldrawonMerleau‐Ponty'snotionofsensibilityandmorespecifically,howtheessenceofsuchanexperiencecanberepresented.Iaimtousedigitaltoolstoassimilatethelivedexperiencesofspectatorshipasavicariousfieldworkexercise,takingtheaudiencewithintheconcretepartitionsandintroducingthemtosomeofthesights,soundsandimpressionsexperiencedbytheseautodenizens.Crucialtosuchanexerciseistherecognitionandexplorationofhowthesensesshapeperception.Pink(2009)arguesthatsensoryethnographyhighlightsmultiplewaysofknowing,exploringandreflectingonnewpathwaystoknowledge.Thearrivalofdigitaltoolshasallowedethnographerstoexplorenewroutesintounderstandinghumanexperienceslikeattendingmajorsportingevents.Enjoytheride.


159.TanjaSchubertMcArthur

VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonThechallengesofethnographicresearchatTePapa

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Myresearchfocusesontheimpactofabiculturalframeworkontheemployeesandtheeverydayinteractionsbetweentangatawhenuaandtangatatiritiattheirworkplace.Iusedamixed‐methodsapproachofparticipantobservationandsemistructuredinterviewstoresearch'biculturalisminpractice'behindthescenesatTheMuseumofNewZealandTePapaTongarewa.DuringthecourseofoneyearI'livedwith'17differentteamsacrosstheorganisationandinterviewed60staffmembersabouttheirunderstandingofbiculturalism.AlthoughasacasualemployeeIwasnostrangertoTePapaIhadtoovercomegatekeepersandbuildtrustbeforeIcouldentereachteam.Doingethnographyinalargeorganisationhasitsownchallengesintermsofentrytothefield,observationalbarriersandlogistics.ThetopicofmyPhDresearchandtheethnicmake‐upofTePapastafflendthemselvestoKaupapaMaorimethodologies,howeverbeingaGermanimmigrantIwasseenasaPakehaandconsequentlysomeMaoristafffearedIwouldexploitthem.InthispaperIwillsharemypersonaljourneyofbecomingpartoftheMaoriactivitiesatTePapaandhowthisinvolvementchangedmypositioninginthefield.IwillreflectparticularlyonthemethodofparticipantobservationinanorganisationalsettinganddiscussthebenefitsandlimitsofthemethodasIexperienceditinmyfieldwork.


160.KellyFrancesDombroski

UniversityofWesternSydneyPoormothersarenotpoormothers:travellingmotheringpracticesandpossibilitiesforjustchange

SocialJusticeandTransformation:TheoreticalEthnographicVisionsAbstract:Becausepovertyisoftenconflatedwithbackwardness,motheringpracticesinundevelopedregionsoftehworldmaybeoverlookedinthinkingaboutpossibilitiesinparentingforglobalchange.Inthispaper,Iseektodisaggregatetheconflationofpovertywithbackwardnessthroughastudyofmotheringpracticestravellingbetweenmarginalisedmothersin'out‐of‐the‐way'northwestChinaandAustralasianmothers'parentingforapeacefulworld'.Iexaminethepracticeofinfanttoilethygieneknownas'eliminationcommunication',apointoffrictionwherenormativebeliefsabouthygieneawkwardlyengagethroughthelearningprocessandthepresenceoftheethnographer.IshowhowthisfrictionproducesaspaceofexperimentationinhygienepracticesformothersinAustralasia,experimentationthathasbroadermaterialpossibilitiesforsocialandenvironmentalchange.


161.LiteaMeoSewabu

SchoolofHealth&SS,MasseyUniversityTalanoaandtheroleofinsider/outsiderasacontributiontoEthnography.AFijiancasestudy"NaiTalanoamaiNarocivo,Nayau,Lau"(thesharingofconversationsfromNarocivo,Nayau,Lau)

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:The praxis of ethnography as an indigenous Fijian researcher who is bothinsider/outsiderofferssomevaluablelessonstotheresearchterrain.Thispapersuggeststhatthereisafinebalanceandnegotiationduringtheresearchprocessto ensure the research is culturally appropriate and ethically sound from anindigenous perspective. Examples encountered included gaining access toparticipants, the role of elders, the acquisition of communal discernment,communalrightsvsparticipantsrights,audioandvisualconsentandthenotionofreciprocityorhowmuchisenough?Thispaperalsohighlightstheadvantagesofbeinganinsider,understandingthewaysofbeing,keyrelationshipsorkinship,readingthesilenceandgesturesandmoreimportantlyusingparticipantobservationasatooltogeneratetalanoaorsharingaconversation.Itisclearthataninsiderwillalwayshavetohaveasenseofculturaldiscernmentwhichincludesrecognisingthatactionstakenarecriticaland remainwith the researcher for life. Therefore, itwas crucial in thewholeresearch process that the existing social structures, governance process andculturalprotocolswerehonouredandadheredto.Theresearcherconcludesbydiscussing steps taken in maintaining cultural integrity and balance as aninsider/outsider. Moreover, how adhering to these values and balance trulyoperationlisedthesenseofempowermentamongparticipants.


162. Kelly Frances Dombroski UniversityofWesternSydneyEmbodyingresearch:Maternalbodies,researchcrises,andknowledgeproductioninQinghai,China

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:MyethnographicfieldworkwithethnicminorityandmigrantmothersinQinghai,China,wasfraughtwithcrisisasIstruggledtounderstandthe'boundaries'ofmyresearchsite.Re‐envisioningethnographicresearchasamethodofembodied,relationalengagementwitha'site'or'space'whereamultiplicityoftrajectoriesconverge(toinvokeDoreenMassey)enabledmetorethinktheparametersofmyethnography‐orrather,toreimaginemyethnographyas'unbounded'yetcentredonmyownembodiedengagementwithparticulartrajectoriesofQinghai.Inthispaper,Idetailhowmyown'trajectory'asamaternalbodyinQinghaifacilitatedaparticularkindofengagementwiththesubjects,spacesandpracticeswhichbecamethefocusofmyresearch‐othermaternalsubjectsandbodies,andtheeconomicandphysicalspaceswithinwhichwemovedandlivedandmothered.Ifocusparticularlyonhowmyownpresenceasaphysicallinkbetweenimagined'Western'mothersand'Chinese'mothersshapedourinteractionsanddiscussionsaslocalwomenspoketowhattheysawasthedeficienciesinWesternmotheringpractices.Thispaperexplorestheembodiedaspectoftheethnographicresearchprocesstothinkabouthowknowledgeabout(m)othersinnorthwestChinaisco‐produced.


163.DagmarSimon

UniversityofAucklandDanceandsustainability:awinningduet?


Abstract:

EarlythisyearIbeganaPhDresearchprojectonhowdancemightcontributetocreatingstrongandsustainablecommunitiesinthecontextofawiderdiscussionondevelopingsustainablecities.Thisresearchbringstogethertheoriesofsustainability(Hertnon,2009;Bazley,Salmon&Shand,2009),urbandesign(Thrift,2008;Helbrecht,2008;Beasley,2010),culturalgeography(Nash,2000),performancetheory(Schechner,1988;Fischer‐Lichte,2008;Denzin,2003),community(Edge1994;Berlin,1997),philosophyandconceptsofembodiment(Merleau‐Ponty,2003;Best,1999;Martin,1983).Itaimsatvaluingviscerallyfelt,embodiedexperienceofAucklandersequallyasmuchasmentallyconstructingavisionforAucklandasa'dancecity'.Iintendtocapturethequalitiesthatdancebringstopeople'slivesandthequalitiesitbringstothecityanditscommunities,thereforethemethodologiesappliedtomyresearcharequalitative.DuetoAuckland'smulti‐culturalpopulationtheapplicationofethnographicresearchmethodologiesisvital.NormanDenzin'swritingonperformanceethnography(2003)isparticularlyinfluentialhereasIexplorewaystobringtogetherhumanstoriesofdifferentdancecommunitiesinrelationtotheculturalmilieuofAucklandcity.InthispresentationIwilldiscusstheroleethnographyplaysintheinterdisciplinaryresearchmethodologythatunderpinsthisstudy.TheinquirywillencompassthemappingofdanceactivitiesacrossAuckland,andfromtheseseveralcasestudieswillbechosen.Ienvisionmyresearchtoacttwofoldinthatitwillfirstlyinvestigatethesocio‐culturalfunctionsofdanceactivitiesinAucklandandsecondlyquestionwhatdancecommunitiesneedinsupportandnurturingtobehealthyandsustainableinthemselves.IwilladvocateforwaysofidentifyingandunleashingAuckland'sculturalandartisticpotential,whichinmypointofviewisunderratedandunderusedasameansofdevelopingAucklandasaliveable,vibrant,andsustainablecity.


164.BrianWattchow

MonashUniversityEcopoeticPractice:WritingtheWoundedLand.


Abstract:

InthispresentationIdiscusstheexperienceofpoeticwritingasaformofauto‐ethnographicpractice.Poeticwriting,morethanothertextualforms,offersconsiderablepotentialtorepresentthejourneytowards'empatheticinsidedness'(Relph,1976,PlaceandPlacelessness)betweenauthor,cultureandasenseofplace.IdrawexamplesfrommyrecentlypublishedcollectionofpoemstitledTheSongoftheWoundedRiver(GinninderraPress,2010),whichtracesanintergenerationalstoryofmigration,settlementandeventualabandonmentoftheWattchowfamilyfarmonthebanksoftheRiverMurray,inAustralia.Thepoemswerefirstdraftedonalongcanoejourneydowntherivertotheoldfarm,ajourneyofdiscoveryandreattachment.Inaneco‐poeticsofplacethewriterstrivestoreconciledifferencesbetweenpast,presentandfuture,andbetweentheirexperiencesofinnerandouterlandscapes(Lopez,1988,LandscapeandNarrative).InanechoofRomanticismtheeco‐poetwritestohealtheworld'swoundsthroughsingingtheland(Bate,2000,TheSongoftheEarth).Seeninthislightpoetryandempathyprovidethecounterbalancetoscienceandrationality.BothareneededtosustainthehumanrelationshipwiththeEarth.Wedamageplacesnotbecausewefailtounderstandthem,butbecauseweareyettofeelforthem,likekin.Thispresentationdrawstogetheranddiscussesthephysicalsearchforplace,theactofpoeticwriting,andtheculturalsignificanceofthiskindofwork.


165.JaniKatarinaTaituhaWilson

UniversityofAucklandEWhakararurarute"Maori"irotoite"HungaMatakitakiMaori"ProblematisingtheMaoriintheMaoriAudience


Abstract:

Iwillconveykanorautanga(diversity)withintheNgatiawathroughwaiata(song)andpepeha(thegeographicalconnectionbetweenapersonontheirland).ThisiswiththeaimofdemystifyingandproblematisingwhatiscommonlyknownastheethnographicMaori.Secondly‐andmoreimportantly‐Iwillshare"RopuWhanau",aresearchapproachthatexpandsonNgahuiaTeAwekotukuandLindaTuhiwaiSmith'sethicalresearchprotocolsthatrelyonrespectandsensitivity.UnlikeTeAwekotuku'sandSmith'sapproaches,RopuWhanauarereliantonanexistingrelationshipbetweenkairangahau(researcher)andhungarangahau(researchedaudience),anddependontheresearcherdrivingthewhakawhanaungatanga(establishmentofconnections),whakaututanga(reciprocity)andkaitiakitanga(protectionandguardianship).


166.DrRoslynKerr

UniversityofCanterburyTheribbonlostmemytitle:AnActorNetworkTheoryaccountofgymnasticsinNewZealand


Abstract:

ThisstudyreflectsonethnographicpracticeasinformedbyActorNetworkTheory(ANT)asamethodforexaminingsport.ThestudyexaminedthesportofgymnasticsinNewZealandthroughalenswhichviewedthesportassocio‐technical,differingfromtraditionalethnographicmethodsthroughtheattentionpaidtonon‐humans.ThestudyinvolvedapproximatelyfouryearsoffieldworkexaminingthefivetypesofelitegymnasticscompetedinNewZealand:women'sartisticgymnastics,men'sartisticgymnastics,rhythmicgymnastics,trampoliningandaerobics.Inboththetraininggymnasiumsandatcompetitions,equipment,apparatusandothernon‐humantechnologieswerefoundtobecrucialtotheproductionandcreationofthesport.ItissuggestedthatanANTperspectiveallowsfordiscussionaroundtheuseoftechnologiesinsportthatmovesawayfromtheviewoftechnologiesasartificialinvasionsintopureandnaturalbodies.Itisarguedthatextendingethnographytoincludenon‐humansasequalactorsinthecreationofsportallowstheconstituentnatureoftechnologiesinsporttoberecognised.


167.CamilleNakhid

AUTUniversityTheroleofcommunityadvisorygroupsinresearchwith'hardtoreach'communities


Abstract:

Ethnographicresearchemphasizesthesignificanceoftherelationshipandnatureofinvolvementbetweentheresearcherandparticipants.Whilethequalityofthisrelationshipandinvolvementimpactsconsiderablyonthevalidityofthedata,gainingaccesstothe'right'participantsprecedesboththesefactors.Researchwith'hardtoreach'communitiesmakessuchaccessdifficultandconsequentlytheeffortsoftheresearchertoprovidevaliddata.Theinclusionofacommunityadvisorygroupinthedevelopmentandconductofresearchwith'hardtoreach'groupsisasignificantmeanstoachievingresearchthatreflectstheethnographicrealitiesofthesecommunities.ThispaperdiscussesthedevelopmentandcontributionofsuchanadvisorygroupinresearchwithPasifikayouthingangsintheSouthAucklandarea.


168.GöranGerdin

CriticalStudiesinEducation,TheUniversityofAucklandVisualmethodologiesandmasculineperformancesinphysicaleducation


Abstract:

Thispaperwillreportoninitialfindingsfromadoctoralstudythatusesvideorecordingstoinvestigateboys'embodiedperformancesofmasculinitiesinschoolphysicaleducation.Manystudieshaveinvestigatedgirls'alienationandlackofparticipationinphysicaleducation(e.g.Hastie,1998;Ennis,1999;Azzarito,Solmon&Harrison,2006).However,fewstudieshavefocusedonboys'experiencesofphysicaleducation.Moreover,aspointedoutbyLundvall(2004),studiesinvestigatinggenderedexperiencesofphysicaleducation,aretypicallycomparativeandrarelylookatdifferenceswithingenders.Additionally,Azzarito(2010)hascalledfortheinclusionofresearchmethods,specificallyvisualmethodologies,which"enableyoungpeopleto"speak"meaningfullyabouttheirexperiencesandwaysofknowingaboutthebodyinphysicalactivitycontexts"(p.155).Mydoctoralresearch,designedinrelationtothisliterature,usesvideorecordingsofboysparticipatinginphysicaleducation,inbothfocusgroupandindividualinterviews,toexploretheparticipants'interpretationsofthemultiple,contradictoryandcompetingnatureofmasculinityperformances.Thevideodatais,thus,usedtopresenttheboys'perspectivesandallowsthemtoprovideaninterpretationofhowtheyexperiencedparticularsituations.IinterpretthedataviaFoucauldianpoststructuralismtohighlightthemultipleandcompetingdiscoursesofmasculinitiesthatboyshavetonegotiateinandthroughschoolphysicaleducation.


169.DuongKimAnh

SchoolofSocialSciences,TheUniversityofWaikatoTheState,GenderPolicy,andAntitraffickingPolitics:ThecaseofVietnam


Abstract:

Humantraffickinghasbecomeagloballyprominentissuewhichnotonlyadverselyaffectsindividualdevelopment,national,regionalandglobalsecurity,butalsocontravenesinternationalconventionsonhumanrightsandwomen'srights.Amongthedifferentactorsinvolved,womenandchildrenshoulderthegreatestdevastationofhumantraffickingandarethemostvulnerableinthetraffickingprocess.Preventinghumantraffickinghasbecomeastrongpoliticalcommitmenttomanycountries.Actionstocombathumantraffickingarevarious;however,statesworld‐widehavefailedtoaddresstheissueofhumantraffickingadequately.Legislationandpolicyinitiativesforpushingbackthecrimeremainpoorlydeveloped,evenindevelopedandindustrializedcountries.TraffickinginwomenandchildreninVietnamisreportedtobeontherisewithnewtypesemergingintheformsoffraudulentbrokeredmarriage,deceptivelabourrecruitmentpractices,illegalchildadoption,andchildsextourism.Significantly,casesoftraffickingforremovingorganshavebeenacknowledged.Inrecentyears,combatinghumantraffickinghasbecomeanimportantpoliticalcommitmentoftheVietnamesestate,asithasinmanyothercountries.TheVietnameseofficialresponsetohumantraffickingistheVietnameseNationalActionProgrammeagainstTraffickinginWomenandChildren,2004‐2010(theVNAP).ThispaperturnsaroundtheVNAPandaimsat(1)Addressing"push"and"pull"factorsthatcontributestohumantraffickinginVietnam;(2)IdeologicalfoundationsonwhichtheVNAPhasbeenformulatedandimplemented;(3)Thecollaborativemechanismbetweenstateandnon‐stateactorsinthedevelopmentandimplementationofnationalandregionalanti‐traffickingpolicies?


170.LisaMHayesandJanCRobertson

Dept.Sport&LeisureStudies,UniversityofWaikatoAUTOETHNOGRAPHYAREFLEXIVETOOLFOREVENT/FESTIVALMANAGERS


High‐qualityproductionistheeverydayexpectationofpeopleseekingleisureexperiencesthroughsportingeventsand/or(performance)festivals.Peopleparticipateineventsbecause"celebrationcanbeexperiencedindividually,butisrealisedmoreprofoundlyinsignificantsocialsettings"deLisle(2009,p.6).Howeveritisnotonlytheeventitselfthatcontributestotheexperience,itisacombinationoftheeventandtheancillaryservicestogetherthatprovidea'seamless'consumerexperience.Thereareamanystrategiesthatcanbeemployedtoevaluateanevent'ssuccessesand/oridentifyareasforenhancement,suchassurveyingparticipantsduringandpostevent.Thispaperexploresanadditionalstrategy,usingauto‐ethnographyasareflexivetool,toassessanevent'seffectivenessinmeetingconsumerexpectations.TwoeventmanagersattendedWOMAD,Taranaki2010,asparticipants,toexperiencetheeventandancillaryservicesprovided,toidentifytheimpactsancillaryserviceshadontheoverallWOMADexperience.Thispaperwilltaketheformofaconversationbetweenthetwoeventmanagerscritiquing'space',accommodation,parking,access,catering,children'sopportunities,facilities,signageandeventpersonnel.Anaudio‐visualdisplaywillaccompanythispresentationhighlightingsomeofthe'critical'factorsthatwe,asparticipants,identifiedinfluencedourperceptionsoftheevent'ssuccess.


171.TraceyMihinoaTangihaere(NgatiManiapoto,NgatiPorou)andDr.LindaTwiname

DepartmentofStrategyandHRM,WaikatoManagementSchoolSittingatthefront:GenderanddiversityimplicationsforManagement


MäoriwereconfirmedassovereigninAotearoaNewZealandin1835.TheirsovereigntyenabledMäoriandtheCrownofEnglandtoenterintotheTreatyofWaitangiof1840asafoundationagreementforprocessesofgovernance.SubsequentcolonialisationdecimatedordroveundercoverMäoriwaysoforganisingthatthreatenedthedominanceofsettlervalues.Asaconsequence,westernculturehasdominatedmostaspectsofAotearoaNewZealandsociety.Nevertheless,contemporarydeterminationtomaintainandreclaimMäoriidentityisvisibleinmanyorganisationalcontexts,themostexplicitofwhichisthemarae(buildingcomplex)encounter,anencounteroftenmisunderstood.Occasionallycriticalincidentscreatenewdebatesregardingprevailingculturalvaluesandrights.ThroughpartialethnographyweexploreanexamplefromtheAotearoaNewZealandDepartmentofCorrectionstoillustratesuchincidentsandopportunitiestoenhanceunderstanding.WediscusstheBullockcaseofperceivedgenderdiscriminationinanencounterofpublicservantswithmaraeprotocolandiwi(tribalgroup)values.ThissituationpittedMäoriculturalvaluesagainstwesternnotionsofgenderthatequatesequalitywithsameness.ThisoralpresentationprovidesinsightstoenhanceunderstandingandclarityofMäorigenderroles,anddeeperappreciationofdiversity.InaccordancewiththeTreatyofWaitangi,MäoripeoplemustregaincontroloverMäoriinterests.WefindthatemployershaveadutytoactivelyprotectMäoriinterestsespeciallywhentheyincludeMäoriprotocolsinworkplacepractices.WearguethatmanagersshouldprovideappropriateculturalknowledgeandcompetenciestoprepareemployeesforMaoriculturalsettingsinwhichMäoriauthorityisparamount. 1 Theviews,opinions,findingsandconclusionsorrecommendationsexpressedinthispublicationarestrictlythoseoftheauthor/s.TheydonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheMinistryofJustice.TheMinistryofJusticedisclaimsanyandallresponsibilityforanyinaccuracy,error,omission,oranyotherkindofinadequacy,deficiency,orflawin,orinrelationto,theinformation;andfullyexcludesanyandallliabilityofanykindtoanypersonorentitythatchoosestorelyupontheinformation.


172.R.HelenSmujhUniversityofWaikatoUsingabductionforbusinessresearchtheoryconstructionEmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Researchinformantsmakesenseoftheirsituations,byfilteringthroughexistingmentalmodels,drawingontheexplicitandimplicitmeanings,conceptions,procedures,rules,andnormsthatmakeuptheirculturalknowledge.Further,theytaketacitandlocalknowledge,fromtheirenvironmentandincorporatetheseintotheirstories.Abduction(orretro‐duction),isdescribedbythephilosopherPeirce(1957)asamethodoftheoryconstructionwherebytheunderlyingdynamicsorcontextthatinfluencedtheformationofbehavioursanddiscourseareincorporatedintothesense‐making.Theresultanttheoriesareplausibleandcredibleinterpretationspreparedbydrawingonthedatainthestudyandfromtheliterature,and,offeredbasedontheirabilitytoexplainthedataonhand.Thus,abductionlinkstheorytothepracticesinthefieldandtothedatagathered.Thispaperarguesthatabduction,althoughrarelyusedinbusinessresearch,hasavaluablecontributiontomakebecauseofitsstrengthsindealingwithincompleteregularitiesofthedata,understandingofenvironmentswithrichcultureandcontext,questioningandseekingtogetclosertothetruthbyexplicitlyacknowledgingsuchas:.whatisunsaidaswellaswhatissaid;.inputsbytheresearcher;and.alternativeinterpretations(thatshouldbeconsidered).Abductionasaformoftheoryconstructionhaspowerfulimplicationsforresearchersandtherecipientsoftheirresearchalike.Theemergenttheorymaybesubjectivebutittendstoresonate,particularlyincomplexsituationsofhumanendeavour.173.WithdrawnDr.LindaTwiname


174.SallyJoCunningham

ComputerScienceDept,UniversityofWaikatoVirtualethnographyofinformationbehavior

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Detailsofhowpeoplesearchfor,access,anduseinformationcanbedifficulttoobtain.Keystrokeandmouseclickrecordsfromweblogsandsystemtransactionlogsprovidevast, indeed intimidating,quantitiesofdataonwhatpeopledo tolocate information,butprovideonlymeagercluesas tomotivations,strategies,intentionsforlateruseoftheinformation,orevenindicationsoftheindividual'ssuccess/failureinfindingusefuldocuments.Conventionalqualitativemethodsfor exploring information behavior are problematic in that they are largelyretrospective(eg,interviewstoelicitanindividual's'usual'informationactivities)orthedatagatheringtechniqueinterfereswithnaturalbehavior(eg,laboratory‐basedthink‐aloudsearchsessions).Information behavior studies are increasingly moving online, analyzing thetracesof informationacquisitionanduseas reflected inonlinecommunitiesofpractice. The research methods are primarily ethnographic (translated to theWeb environment) andqualitative: participant observation of informationuse,content analysis, examination of work artifacts. The research focus is movingfrom studies of text‐based document seeking/use to how people locate andinteractwithmusic, images,andvideos,and frombroadstudiesof informationuse by the general populace to in‐depth studies of specific target groups. Thispresentationwillincludeexamplesof'virtualethnography'asappliedtostudiesofinformationseekinganduseofmusicandofvideoandphotosharing,wherethe insightsgained fromthestudies is to suggestenhancements tomultimediadigitallibraries.


175. Parag Moni Sarma DepartmentofCulturalStudies,TezpurUniversityEthnicityandAssertion:IdentityPoliticsinContemporaryAssam.


Abstract:

EthnicityisemergingasafocalconsiderationinthepoliticsofidentityincontemporaryAssam,astateoftheIndianunionintheNorthEastofIndia.OftenidentifiedasaflashpointinthesubversivepoliticsthatquestionthelogisticsoftheIndiannation,NorthEastIndiaisemergingasacartographicdomainthatpositsquestionsofinternalcolonialismandhegemony.Cartographicreorientationofterritorybasedonfactorsoflinguisticandethnicidentityisperceivedassomesortofanutopiandeliverancefromthestrangleholdofanuncompromisingnotionofthenation.Hence,theNorthEastofIndiaisdottedwitharmedinsurrectionforautonomousterritoriesortotalseverance,dependingonthepopulationandthespatialdomainoftheethnicgroupsinquestion.Yet,ethnicity,asunderstoodincontemporarytheoreticalambience,isnoveltoNorthEastIndiaandisbasicallyatakefromthecolonialconstructsofthe'tribal'.Themovementfromtribalismtoethnicityanditslinkageswithquestionsofsocial,culturalandpoliticalmarginalization,aswellaspoliticalassertionprovideinterestingscopeforacademicexploration.ThepresentpaperseekstounderstandandtracesuchassertivemovementsinAssamtoforcesofhistoricalneglectaswellasrhetoricofmarginalizationthatissurfeitincontemporaryassertiveidiomsofethnicgroups.


176.JudyMcKimm

UnitecInstituteofTechnologyBecomingadoctorinSamoa

Practiceandadvocacy:doingresearchonthegroundAbstract:This paper presents the findings from the preliminary stages of a longitudinalstudy of a cohort of medical students in Samoa aimed at exploring theexperiencesofbecomingaSamoantraineddoctorlivingandworkinginSamoa.Samoa is a politically stable, South Pacific island nation with a population of180,000,heavilydependentonoverseasaidandtourismtosupportitseconomyandhealthinfrastructure.Samoaisseenbymanywesternnationsasafertileandhighlyattractiveresearchareaforanthropologicalandbiomedicalresearch.Thisstudy therefore needed to take account of ethical and value basedconsiderations.In response to a national doctor shortage, a new medical school has beenestablished in collaboration with the Samoan government. In 2009, the firstcohort of seventeen Samoan medical students started a five year MBBSprogramme. This study is an action research, ethnographic study of this firstcohortof'becomingdoctors'.TheresearchersareworkingwithparticipantsandSamoanStudiesacademicstoidentifyissues,craftsolutionsandtesttheseoutindeveloping a culturally safe and competent medical curriculum that weaveswesternbiomedicinewithtraditionalculturaltraditionsandconceptsofhealingandpractice.Reflectingprinciplesof indigenousresearch,greatcarewastakentoworkwiththe Samoan people as co‐creators, to ensure the benefits and meaning of theresearch to Samoa. This presentation explores preliminary findings and issuesencountered.Itproposestheoreticalandmethodologicalapproachestothenextstagesofthestudy,aimingtoexploreandstimulatenewdirectionsandideas.


177. Margaret Nelson Agee, Nua Silipa, Philip Culbertson UniversityofAucklandExploring Pasifika 'Afakasi Identities as a Crosscultural PasifikaPalagiTeamEmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:

The'AfakasiProjecthasbeenacross‐cultural,qualitativeinvestigationintoPasifikapeople'sidentity‐relatedexperiencesofbeing'afakasi(half‐caste,orofmultiethnicculturalheritages).TheinvolvementofEuropeanresearchersinanalysingtheculturaldynamicsandperspectivesofethnicallydifferentparticipantshasbeenstronglycritiqued,andthesensitivityofcross‐culturalresearchisintensifiedwhenitisundertakenwithinhistoricalcontextsofcolonisation.ThiswasthecasewiththisprojectinthecontextofAotearoaNewZealand.Inthispresentation,membersoftheresearchteamwilldiscusstheirexperiencesoftheevolutionoftheproject,asanexampleofinnovative,participant‐driven,cross‐culturalresearch(Gibbs,2001)thatarosefromadiscussionamong'afakasiwomen,facilitatedbyapalagicolleague,abouttheiridentity‐relatedexperiences.TheoriginalgroupbecamearesearchteamofPasifikaandpalagico‐researchers,withtheinclusionofmalepalagiandSamoan'afakasicolleagues,andthesecondauthor,whoisSamoan,contributedasculturalconsultantandindependentdataanalyst.Alldecision‐makingwascollaborative,includingnegotiationoftheresearchagenda,method,andprocedure.Througheveryaspectoftheapproach,theteamtherebyattemptedtominimizethepotentialforcross‐culturalresearchtobecome"re‐colonizing"(Quanchi,2004,p.4).Justasaropeorafinematisstrengthenedbyitsdistinctive,multipleinterwovenstrands,soalsothecross‐culturalresearchteamundertakingthisprojecthasbeenstrengthenedbybothtrustandcreativetensionamongthemembers,aswellasbythedifferentculturaltraditions,knowledgeandexperiencestheywoveintotheresearchprocess.


178.KitrinaDouglasandDavidCarless

UniversityofBristolEmbodiedresponsestoolderwomenlives:Signalsandsigns

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:InwritingaboutthecreativeprocessElliotEisner(2008,p.5),remindsusthat"not only does knowledge come in different forms, the forms of its creationdiffer."Throughourpersonallivesaswellasthroughourresearch,wehaveexperiencedsomeofthewaysinwhichknowledgeandunderstandingcanbecreatedthroughvariedanddiversearts‐informedwritingpractices(seeSparkes&Douglas,2007;Carless&Sparkes,2008;Douglas&Carless,2008a,2008b;Carless&Douglas,inpress). Our tentative steps in this work have been underpinned by poetic,musicalandsongrepresentations.ThisperformancedrawstogetherdifferentcreativemodesasanactofreflectionregardingourethnographicresearchwitholderwomeninaruralareaintheUK.The purpose of sharing some reflections on the creative processes iswith thehopeof stimulatingdialoguewithotherarts‐informed,narrative,performative,and autoethnographic researchers regarding the ways in which these genresmayoffervaluableorevenuniquewaysofunderstandingthesocialworld.


179. Robin Clarke WaikatoUniversity"Avoiceforemergingeliteathletes"Anexplorationthroughautoethnography,ofmyexperienceasaneliteathleteandwaystoinvitethatperspectiveintomycounsellingpractice.

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:An exploration through auto‐ethnography ofmy experience as an elite athleteandwaystoinvitethatperspectiveintomycounsellingpractice.CurrentlyaMaster'sofcounsellingstudentatWaikatoUniversitybutpreviouslyaNewZealandrepresentativerower,Ifoundanincreasingneedtoacknowledgethis "voice from the past", this "third person" in the room and inmy practice.After all, the one who experienced those things would be with me in everycounselling situation I encounter. What could she teach me and in turn whatcouldweofferyoungandemergingsportspeople?Iwantedtolocateandexplorepossiblepointsof entry into conversationwith elite andemerging athletes.Byattendingtothisauto‐ethnographicallyitwasmyhopethatmypastexperiencewouldbemademoreaccessibleandtherebyrendereduseful.Myaimwas"totryandrelatethepersonaltothecultural"(Purdy,Potrac&Jones,2008,p321)AhopeIholdformycounsellingpracticeistoenableathletestoreclaimcontrolover their sporting practices and eliminate problem stories that undermineperformance(Denison&Winslade,2006).Coming from a narrative perspective, this remembering conversation, relatedauto‐ethnographically, brought detail that was generative in more than onedirection.


180. Shilinka Smith AucklandUniversityofTechnologyEthnography:ButNotAsWeKnowIt?

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveFormsAbstract:Ethnography is not a common research method within the discipline ofmanagement accounting or within its sub‐component; organisationalperformance.Indeedscholars,suchasAgar(2010)havesuggestedthatthestudyof organisations might be "too abbreviated ... [and] too constrained" to beethnography. Drawing from my early PhD research and my experience as along‐term public service practitioner, I begin this paper by questioning Agar'sunderstanding of ethnography. I startwith the premise that if themeaning ofwords and concepts are only determined by the context, then what is themeaningofethnographyinthestudyoforganisationalperformance?Myaimisto compare management accounting studies of the public service, which areconsideredtobeethnography,withethnographicstudiesfromacrossdisciplines.To do this, I have selected several ethnographic components which will becontrasted with public service performance management research alongsidemoretraditionalviewsofethnographicmethodology.Ifocusparticularlyontheview of the 'native' and discuss the possibilities and practicalities of usingethnographicmethodsastheprimarydatacollectionsource,whenoneisalreadyfamiliar(asa'native')withthecultureandprocesses,ifnotthespecifics,ofmanypublicserviceorganisations.


181. Cheesman Sue SchoolofEducation,UniversityofWaikatoInsider:OutsiderPerspectivesonworkingwithinanintegrateddanceworld.

PracticeandAdvocacy:DoingEthnographyontheGroundAbstract:Inteachingandfacilitatingdancehowdoesbeing"ablebodied"workingpredominantlyintheworldofindividualsthatare"differentlyabled"manifest?Whatdoesitmeantobeanoutsiderinthisprocess?Thispresentationseekstoidentifyandunpacksomeofthenegotiations,issues,challengesandjoysthisdifferenceengenders;throughrealtimediscussionanddanceimprovisationbetweenthepresenterandguestCatherineChappell,ArtisticDirectorofTouchCompassDanceCompanybasedinAuckland,NewZealand.Thesetwoindividualshaveworkedinthefieldofmixedabilitydanceformanyyearsandbothareasarticulateinthefieldofdanceimprovisationastheyareinconversation.


182.RuthDeSouza

CentreforAsianandMigrantHealthResearch,AUTUniversityChallenging systems of knowledge: Migrant maternities through apostcolonialfeministlensEmergingMethods Abstract Asscholarsareaskingnewquestions,pushingnewboundaries,anddiscoveringnewways of being, they are changing theway ethnography and ethnographicmethodologies answer such questions. This strand provides an arena for richdiscourseandthoughtsaboutsuchEmergingMethods.Researching migrant maternity in New Zealand provides a rich discursiveopportunity to explore three ways in which new populations are acquired:colonisation, migration and reproduction. Nursing as a profession has beencomplicitinthereproductionofinequalitiesandoppressionssuchaspatriarchyand racism. Foregrounding race and gender through postcolonial feministtheorising, creates a space for disrupting and interrogating intellectual andtheoretical gaps, legitimating subjugated knowledges and creating newpossibilitiesforprofessionalpractice.Thispresentationhasthreeaims;thefirstistodescribehowapostcolonialfeministmethodologywasusedinanempiricalstudy inNewZealand,where thediscoursesdrawnuponbywell child serviceproviderstorepresenttheirworkwithmigrantmothersandtheirimpactswereidentified.Secondly,thestrategiesforapplyingacriticalpostcolonialperspectiveto my own research practices to address postcolonial critiques that manyacademic research practices mirror colonial discourses and structures ofdomination is discussed. Finally, I will discuss how the deployment of such atheoretical lens offers nursing a mechanism for critiquing taken for grantedoppressive processes, disrupting power imbalances and broadening a socialjusticeagendatoincluderecognitionandparticipationineconomic,cultural,andpoliticalspheresformarginalisedgroups.


183GlenisMark&KerryChamberlain

MasseyUniversityTHEUNSPOKENTIKANGAOFINTERVIEWINGMĀORI

EmergingMethods:Traditional,Experimental,TransgressiveformsAbstract: Theaimofthispresentationistoexploretheunspokenpracticesthattakeplacebefore, during and after interviewing Māori research participants. Māoriculturalvaluesandbeliefsunderlietheseprocesses, includingwhanaungatangaduring recruitment, bringing koha to the interview and, after the interview,keeping in touch,whichcanbevital tomaintaining linkswithcommunities forinformingoutcomesandforpossiblefutureresearchcontact. Theseprocessesare mostly non‐verbal, and are generally assumed and expected rather thanovertly voiced. Therefore, a cultural familiarity with unspoken tikanga whenconductinginterviewswithMāoriisadvantageousfortheresearcher. However,itisinformativetoconsiderwhetherthestructureoftheinterviewcenteredonMāoriculturalvaluesissimilartoresearchingwithparticipantsofothercultures. Anexplorationofwhether thesecultural tikangaduring interviewsarespecificto Māori or whether they are more universal for interviewing participants ofotherindigenouscultureswillbediscussed.184WithdrawnRoseRichards


185KerryChamberlain,HelenMadden&DarrinHodgetts

HominginonmedicationsPracticeandAdvocacyAbstract: Medications are complex material and social objects occurring in a variety offorms–includingprescriptionandover‐the‐counterdrugs,alternativemedicines,naturalremedies,anddietarysupplements–whichpervadecontemporarylifeincomplexways. This paper discusses the range ofmethodswe employed in anethnographically‐drivenprojecttoexplorethedomesticlifeofmedications,andconsiderstheirvalueforparticipantengagement,dataelicitation,dataanalysis,and researcher‐participant relationships. A wide variety of households weresampled for the project. Methods involved household group discussions,mapping,photographinganddocumentingmedicationswithindomesticspaces,alongside specific projects with individual household members involvingphoto‐elicitation on the world of medications, diary‐elicitation on dailymedicationuse,anddiary‐elicitationontheworldofmedications.Mappingandlocation photographs provided information about the spatial distribution,control and use of medications within households. Producing medications inmaterial formpromoted informationabout theusesofmedications, their flowsthroughhouseholds,andnotionsofidentityandpracticesofcaring.Discussions,in association with mapping, photo‐ and diary‐elicitation provided elaboratedinformation on the meaning of medications and social practices surroundingtheir use. These methods provided both unique and overlapping informationthatenhancedanddeepenedthedatasetandfunctionedtopromoteavarietyofinsights and outcomes. Understanding the role ofmedications asmaterial andsocialobjectswithindomesticspacesprovidesabroadercontextualisedaccountofpeople’smeaningsandusesofmedications.


186DrMissyMorton,

UniversityofCanterbury(Re)Making the case for participant observation in educationalethnographyPracticeandAdvocacy

Abstract: This paper is grounded in my experiences as a qualitative researcher usingethnographicmethods,astheteacherofacourseinqualitativemethodologytopostgraduate students in education, as a supervisor of postgraduate theses ineducation, and using participant observation in developing an approach toassessment. I want to suggest that qualitative research in education in NewZealandhasseenanover‐relianceoninterview‐basedstudies.Drawingonthreemasters’ theses using participant observation I will illustrate some of thepossibilities and opportunities for better understanding the contexts in whichteachers and students negotiate meanings in education. I will also draw on atwo‐year research project looking at narrative assessment to show some howteaching participant observation can broaden teachers’ understandings ofclassrooms as siteswhere identities are negotiated and re‐negotiated througheverydayclassroompractices.


187AmandaPorter

UniversityofSydneyAboriginal Night Patrols and the politics of postcolonialselfrepresentationEmergingMethodsAbstract:Thispaperwill consider theworkofAboriginalNightPatrolsasanexampleofalternative policing practice in Australia. Night Patrols are local, grassrootsinitiatives that have developed in a number of Aboriginal communities acrossAustralia.Due to Night Patrols being locally‐based, there is considerablediversity inthedefiningcharacteristicsandcoreactivitiesundertakenbyNightPatrols. Night Patrols are also Indigenous initiatives, and have developed inorder to counter some of the problems endemic to the conventional criminaljustice system. As such, the study of Night Patrols raises a number of issuesregarding the potential applicability and usefulness of Western concepts,frameworks and methodologies traditionally used in the social sciences.Accordinglythispaperwillattempttoaddressthefollowingquestions:CanNightPatrolsbeseenmerelyasameansofcrimeprevention?HowshouldwegoaboutevaluatingNightPatrols?Usingwhatcriteriaandfromwhoseperspective?Andmoregenerally,howshouldwegoaboutresearchingandaccuratelypresentingtheworkundertakenbyNightPatrols?


188AwanuiTeHuia

VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonKia Mau Hei Tiki: Maori Culture as a Psychological Asset for NewZealanders'AcculturationExperiencesAbroadABSTRACT:The current research addresses the acculturation experiences of Māori andPākehā/NZEuropeansinJapan.Thestudyutilisedaqualitativeapproachwithatotalof16participants.Thematicanalysesof interviewsrevealedthreethemesatamacrolevelincludingTetūrangaāmanuhiri:tauiwi(foreigner)asaliveablesubjectposition,Ngāpaingaatuotāwāhi:releasefromnegativerepresentationsofMāori inNewZealand, andKiamau hei tiki: shared benefits throughMāorisymbolic representation between Māori and Pākehā/NZ Europeans. Findingsrevealed that the Māori actively utilised indigenous frameworks (such asmanuhiri/tauiwi –guest/foreigner) to successfully adapt to out‐groupmembersubject positions. Secondly, Māori were relieved from negative stereotypingexperienced within New Zealand overseas, enhancing positive migrationexperiences. Finally, Māori cultural activities (kapa haka ‐ Māori performancegroup)andsymbolsactedasaprotectivefactorforbothMāoriandPākehā/NZEuropeans abroad. ForMāori, culture provided support at the individual level(i.e through connection to family, spirituality etc). In comparison, Pākehā/NZEuropeans acknowledged that Māori cultural symbols contributed to theiridentity at a national level through creating positive distinctiveness betweenthemselves and others. Findings have implications for how understandingindigenouscognitive frameworksandsymbolsareappliedwithinacculturationexperiences, particularly in terms of building cross‐cultural understandingthroughrelationshipsratherthansocialcategories.


189PaniaLee

VictoriaUniversityofWellingtonIncreasinginterculturalunderstandingbetweenMāoriandPākehāwithinEducationEmergingMethodsAbstract: Māori culture is fundamental to New Zealand history, present‐day and futureNewZealandsocietythatisbuiltupontraditionalmouritangatawhenuasocietyand a Treaty of Waitangi partnership. While educational institutionsacknowledgeabiculturalrelationshipandaresponsibilitytofulfiltheprinciplesoftheTreaty,theextenttowhichthisisenactedoutsideMāoriculturaldomainsisquestionable.Biculturalrelationshipswithintertiaryeducationmaybegreatlyimproved if non‐Māori can learn to interpret different behaviours through theperspective of Māori work colleagues and students. One avenue to improvecultural knowledge is through an Intercultural Sensitizer (ICS) that helpsindividualsmakeisomorphic(same)attributionsofthehostculture.Theaimofthis study was to construct an ICS that may be used to assist in trainingnon‐MāoritobetterunderstandMāoriwithintertiaryeducation.InterviewsandfocusgroupswereconductedwithMāoriandPākehā (NewZealandEuropean)studentsandstaff(N=13)tocreatecriticalincidentsforaMāorispecificICS.Atotalof40criticalincidentsweredevelopedandreviewedbyabi‐culturalpanel(N=3)toevaluatetheculturalrelevanceofthevignettesandaligningattributionsthatresultedinafinalsetof25criticalincidents.Implicationsofthisprojectarediscussed.


190SilviaTorezani

EdithCowanUniversityWesternAustraliaEthnography across Disciplinary Borders: An exploration into newrelationshipsbetweentechnique,resources,emotionsandtheproductionofknowledgeEmergingMethodsAbstractAsanethnographicresearchertrained inarcheologyandsocialanthropology, Iwasawareofthedifferentapproachestothistechnique.ItwasonlyrecentlythatI noticed the increasing popularity of ethnography in other fields, such asmanagement, nursing, education and psychology. In my position as researchtraining coordinator for graduate students across disciplinary borders, fromcreative arts to Information Technology, I began sharing reflections withstudents using the ethnographic method, about the different ways in whichethnography is understood and practiced across disciplines. In this paper, Ireflect on the expectations and transformations of ethnography as a researchtechniquebycomparingtwostudiesthatIundertook.Thefirststudyrepresentsa more ‘traditional’ take on ethnography with the purpose of understandingcommunity formation through cultural performance. The second study is anethnography on the experiences of Higher Degree International Students astemporarymigrantswhich takes placemostlywithin the university social andphysical spaces and constraints and incorporates the perspectives of thedisciplineofeducation.Inthispaper,Ireflectonthetransformationsoftheusesofethnographyasamethodologicaltechnique,seekingtoanswertwoquestions.Firstly,howdothedifferentdisciplinarysettingsandconstrainsenabletheuseofethnographyoutsideof theanthropologytradition?Amongthechallengesoffieldwork is the emotional labor ethnographers go through, of becoming the‘stranger’,whichultimately leads tonewwaysof thinking,seeingandknowingthe world. This new setting requires a new understanding of boundaries(physical and symbolic) to performing research, hence producing newmethodologicalsubjectivities.Mysecondquestioniswhatkindofknowledgedothesesubjectivitiesproduce?


191KeriTopperwien,

TeWhareWānangaoWaikatoTheUniversityofWaikatoTheplaceandspaceforautoethnography:speakingofhome,identityanddeath ABSTRACT:Bringing thebodyhome’ is a commonphraseheardwhen someonedies awayfromhome.Debatesaboutthisissuehavehadanincreasedpresencewithinthemediarecently.Despitethiswhereandwhat ‘home’means inrelationtodeathanddyingforMāoriisanareathathasreceivedlimitedacademicattention.Thishesitancy is due perhaps to the sensitivity and sacredness surrounding deathandthebody.Examiningthediscoursesaboutdeathandpeople’sexperiencesofthis inrelationtothespaceofhomeisbynomeansstraightforward.Giventheparticularly sensitive nature of the research it requires careful negotiation ofethically complex and methodologically bumpy terrain. In this paper I willdiscusstheuseofautoethnographyasatooltodevelopacritical,selfreflexiveandinclusiveaccountofthediversityofexperienceswithdeathandthebody.


192.BinduRajendren

UniversityofOtago,DunedinEmpowermentthroughTheyyamRitualandPerformativePractices

AbstractThis paper takes an ethnographic approach and examines issues concerningrepresentation of the Theyyam ritual performance tradition practiced in theSouth Indian stateofKerala,within religious, social, performativeandpoliticalcontexts. Asan important ritualisticperformance ‘owned’by the lowestcasteof Keralan Hindu society, Theyyam, serves different purposes, has diversemeaningsandfulfilsspecificroles.Thispaperwilldiscusssomeofthemeaningsandpurposesthatpermitthisgrouptopresentthemselvesinadignifiedmannerthatcelebrateshumanachievements,anddemarcatesandbringstolighthumanresponsibilities.Theperformanceswillbeevaluatedtoassertthenotionthatthecaste is able to find their profound sense of religious and socialmeaning andjusticeintheactivityofTheyyam.The participation and recognition obtained through the rituals affirms andreaffirms theparticular valuesof the caste.Theyyam, consequently, authorisesthe caste to contribute and bring their economic, social, political and religiousavenues into focus which facilitates their integration into society. As an artformthatinculcatesacomplexarrayofunderstandings,beliefs,customs,valuesand traditions, I will posit that Theyyam provides social, economic, political,religiousandculturallegitimacytotheperformersandtheircasteasawhole.

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