CCNA 1 Module1

Objectives

Internet Connections

Physical – NIC card to connect to local net

Logical – Use a standard set of protocols (TCP/IP)

Applications – Web browsers, Html, FTP

PC Basics

Network Interface Card

NIC Card Resources

• Serial Connection to the network (not a serial port)

• IRQ (interrupt request)

• I/O address (Port addresses)

• Upper memory address range (640k-1M)

NIC – Modem InstallationModem – modulator / demodulator

• Used to provide connectivity to analog telephone lines

• Low speed interface using serial or USB ports

NIC – Network Interface Card

• Interface for a host to the network

• Available in different types depending on computer system and network

•PCMCIA (PC Card), ISA, PCI

•Desktop, notebook, server

•Ethernet, token ring, FDDI

Combination 56K Modem and 10/100Mbps NIC PC Card

56K External Modem – Front Panel Status Leds

PCMCIA 10/100 NIC Cards – Land based and Wireless

NIC Card designed for use in desktop system using PCI and connection to Ethernet 10/100 network

External NIC Card using USB type interface

High Speed and Dial-up Connectivity

•DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) and Cable modems provide the most common forms of high speed access

•Provide low cost connectivity without affecting regular phone or cable service.

TCP

Testing Connectivity

The Ping utility works by sending multiple IP packets to a specified destination, each packet containing a request for a response. Below are examples of ping commands that are commonly used for testing network connectivity.

Web Browsers

Plug-ins

PC/Network Troubleshooting

Problems can exist in hardware, software or network configuration as well as network cables and devices.

Binary Representation of DataASCII

6566676869707172

The binary codes shown above use a weighted system where each digit has a different positional weight (128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1).

A binary 0 might also mean off, low, disabled, 0V

A binary 1 might also mean on, high, enabled, +5V

Network Math

Base 10 Numbering System

Base 2 Numbering System

Converting Decimal to Binary

Converting Binary to Decimal

4-octet Dotted Decimal Notation

Hexadecimal

Boolean or Binary Logic

IP Addresses and Network Masks