cc tl

* * **

--------------------------( >---------------------------1. m. 1 n. F/W N. L _____________________________________________________________ J

1 .

.

.

.

. .

20-30cm

3/4 . 45cm

. 1

67% 45cm 2 46% 4 19%

. 4 80% 60cm

(Miller 1990).

30m

.

.

cc (Fairway F /W)

20 000m3

. F/W

*

cc j 151

.

(Balogh 1992).

FV

.

(

1990),

.

. F/W

.

cc 1992

1993

.

1993

F/W .

30cm

. F/W

F/W .

cc

. F/W

. 18

, F/W 30cm F!W

.

. F/W

.

152

ll. F/W

1 . F/W|

(1)

(1994)

F/W

.

30cm

( 1992 , 1991. 1992) .

cc (990)

15cm 15cm 30cm

5cm

. 30cm

.

(2)

(1992) F/W .

.

. *.l:1.l[,

. 20-50mm/hr .

15-20mm .

pH

6.0-7.0 .

. 10'-20me/100g .

1. 5-2.5%

0.05-0.15% .

5-11me/100g , 6-

13me/100g , 7-15me/100g .

50-150ppm , 20-70ppm ,

cc j 153

0.5ppm 1.5ppm 0.5ppm 0.03ppm

.

2.

(1)

1%

. F/W

.

1. 2~ 1. 5% 0.8~ 1. 2%

.

(2)

(PZ05) 11~14%

.

100g 1O~30mg .

(3)

.

.

.

m.

1 .

(1)

F/W - 1) (Teeing Ground.

T/G) (Green) . 20 x 20m

. .

F/W 5m F/W

. F7

.

F/W .

154 (1994)

s

| I I

i I\l j .... i i l

1

-l

-l

l

-m i l ---

-

f/V

-1)

- T/G - F/W

. Wl1-3-2~ 11 T/G

2 .

.

(2)

2 60mm (spiral a uger) 30cm

2 30cm

. 30cm

40 x 40cm

.

.

.

.

(3)

5 (

) 30cm l .

cc 155

.

40 x 40cm lOcm

(hole cutter) 20~30cm

.

.

.

pH, .

Ca , Mg , K. Na

.

.

(4)

30cm Fl .

(Untermann 1978).

.

30cm 0 .

30cm

IBM PC/486 AutoCAD LANDCADD

. 30cm

LANDCADD QUAD 5cm . 5cm

5~10cm 10~15cm 15~20cm 20~25cm 25~30cm

AutoCAD AREA Borland

Quatro Pro .

2.

(1)

30cm

LANDCADD 5cm - 2>

. 0~5cm

985. 5m2 30cm 27 1. 0m3 .

30cm 3982. 7m2.

AutoCAD

156 (1 994)

OLE No _ 9 LEGEND (cm) ( m' ) (m') 0- 5 985. 5 271. 0

~ 5-1 1,975. 7 444 . 5

~ 10-15 2 ,497 .4 437. 0

SCALE 15-20 1,718. 3 214.8

- 20-25 1,355.0 10.6 ~ - 25-30 1,289. 0 32.2 30 3 ,982. 7 TOTAL (30) 9 ,820.8 1,501. 2

- 2) i 3 I (9)

1) . cc 187 F/W 153 411m2

30cm F/W 54. 208m2 F/W 35.3% .

F/ W 64.7% 99. 203m2 30cm .

5cm F/W 2.8% , 10cm 15.2%. 15cm 33.

6%. 20cm 45 .4%. 25cm 55.6%. 30cm 64.7% .

4 ( 92 . 4% ). 3 (90.8% ). 12 (85.8% ) 6(85.3% )

F/W

(2) F/ W

cc - 3 )

5(2 . 037m3) . 170.890m3) 6(1. 717m3) . 9(1. 624m3) 14( 1. 467m3)

. 18(l94m3 ) 3 (292m3) 8(299m3)

. F/W 30cm

18.077m3

cc 157

-1) F/W ( m 2)

F/W

0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30

6.845 2.118 21 332 379 340 427 619 4.727 2 7.978 6.360 213 1. 167 1. 801 1.363 951 865 1. 618 3 1. 393 1. 264 0 0 684 161 158 261 129 4 7.079 6.540 46 1. 443 2.132 1.407 887 625 539 5 16.503 9.257 0 739 2.583 1. 617 2.626 1. 692 7.246 6 11.144 9.505 743 2.658 2.683 1. 237 1. 098 1. 086 1. 639 7 5.710 3.098 236 535 840 512 479 496 2.612 8 10.562 2.231 1 57 695 343 432 703 8.331 9 13.804 9.821 986 1.976 2.497 1. 718 1.355 1. 289 3.983

10 6.987 3.228 44 279 521 760 764 860 3.759 11 6.207 4.485 67 540 933 1. 069 848 1. 028 1. 722 12 9.468 8.127 105 1. 935 3.749 966 745 627 1. 341 13 3.208 2.630 74 872 753 362 313 256 578 14 12.385 9.710 87 1. 935 2.781 2.165 1. 586 1.156 2.675 15 9.853 7.935 154 882 2.037 2.594 1. 482 786 1. 918 16 2.090 1.655 101 212 281 317 426 318 435 17 12.923 9.987 1.371 3.435 2.753 1.012 761 655 2.936 18 9.272 1. 252 0 23 66 146 243 774 8.020

153.411 99.203 4.249 19.020 28.168 18.089 15.581 14.096 54.208

2000 t ~~---_._--

100o i : o iIIIJ

% % % % g

% % % % a i~i

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

- 3) F/W

158

(3)

@

(1 994)

F/W

.

30-50mm

.

F/W

.

2> .

@

F/W 10

. 3 15 1. 16 , 17 . 4 , 5, 17

6 15

.

.

- 2>

(%) pH

(cm) O.lbar

15-11-1 60 5.9 26.2 60.6 27.4 12.0 1-11-2 38 5.7 19.2 75.2 13.8 11. 0 5-3-2 47 5.6 30.2 52.8 31. 2 16.0 3-1-2 47 5.1 30.0 60 4 24.6 15.0

16-4-3 18 5.6 23.6 65.4 23.6 11.0 17-9-1 24 5.4 33.8 51.4 32.6 16.0 7-4-2 38 6.0 19.9 70 2 19:8 10.0 4-8-3 24 5.1 43.4 48.6 35.4 16.0

6-12-4 23 5.8 22.7 65.6 18.4 16.0 15-4-2 17 5.3 25.1 63.2 19.8 17.0

5.6 27 .4 61 3 24.7 14.0

CC 159

@

2947ij 15-20mm

2% 6 50% 147

25mm .

.

@

pH5.1-6.0 pH 5.6 .

F/W pH6.0-7.0

.

@

.

19.2-43.4% 27.4%.

109.2%) 709.9%) 6(22.7%) 16(23.6%) . (

.

4(43.4%) 17(33.8%) 5 (30.

2%) .

@

- 3) .

- 3)

Org. C Exch. Cations(me/100g) Ava tP T-N CEC ppm

% Ca Mg K Na (Bray 1) %

15-11-1 0.32 5.53 2.42 0.21 0.20 8.9 11.6 0.035 1-11-2 0.14 2.63 0.92 0.27 0.14 5.3 9.0 0.022 5-3-2 0.52 8.15 3.54 0.25 0.27 14.0 11. 1 0.044 3-1-2 0.44 2.52 1. 03 0.14 0.04 5.4 11. 3 0.049

16-4-3 0.84 3.22 0.91 0.75 0.14 6.8 55.0 0.082 17-9-1 0.76 5.68 2.02 0.61 0.12 11. 2 45.8 0.060 7-4-2 0.34 4.37 1.40 0.31 0.36 5.8 11.5 0.022 4-8-3 0.46 3.59 3.00 0.15 0.07 14.1 2.7 0.023

6-12-4 0.25 5.45 2.50 0.11 0.16 7.9 9.5 0.020 15-4-2 0.71 4.24 1. 84 0.47 0.20 10.2 34.6 0.058

0.48 4.54 1. 96 0.33 0.17 9.0 20.2 0.042

160 (1994)

(Organic Carbon) 1. 5~2.5%

0.20~ 1. 18% .

.

.

(Total Nitrogen) 0.15~0.15% .

107ij 0.15%

0.05% 15 , 16 , 17 .

(Available Potassium) 50~200ppm.

16 , 17 , 15 .

(CEC) 10~20me/100g 5.3~14.1

, 10 . Ca , Mg , K. Na Mg

.

@

F/W (N) (P) (K)

(Ca) , (Mg) (Na) - 4> - 5>

. 2.50~4.50% .

3(1. 36%) , 4(1. 26%) 16(1. 15%) 1(1. 15%)

1% .

0.40~0.55% . 107ij

0.30% 4(0.20%) 15

- 4>

N P K Ca Mg Na

15-11-1 0.95 0.13 0.91 0.24 0.06 0.05 1-11-2 1.15 0.16 0.85 0.22 0.04 0.03 5-3-2 0.78 0.17 0.90 0.21 0.05 0.03 3-1-2 1. 36 0.14 1. 23 0.17 0.04 0.03

16-4-3 1.15 0.15 1. 08 0.18 0.05 0.03 17-9-1 0.77 0.16 0.85 0.20 0.05 0.02 7-4-2 0.85 0.14 0.95 0.21 0.05 0.04 4-8-3 1. 26 0.20 1. 34 0.18 0.05 0.04

6-12-4 0.91 0.16 0.86 0.22 0.05 0.03 15-4-2 1. 07 0.19 1. 25 0.19 0.05 0.05

1. 03 0.16 1. 02 0.20 0.05 0.04

CC j

- 5)

N P K Ca

15-11-1 0.67 0.17 0.44 0.13 1-11-2 0.98 0.18 0.59 0.13 5-3-2 0.62 0.19 0.52 0.10 3-1-2 1. 17 0.20 0.48 0.12

16-4-3 0.99 0.18 0.67 0.10 17-9--1 0.58 0.15 0.59 0.12 7-4-2 0.69 0.18 0.49 0.16 4-8-3 0.68 0.14 0.68 0.07

6-12-4 0.83 0.13 0.52 0.16 15-4-2 0.82 0.13 0.57 0.11

0.80 0.17 0.56 0.12

(0 .19%) , 5(0.17%) .

Mg

0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.02

0.03

161

Na

0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03

0.03

1.00~1.25ppm 4(1. 34%)

15(1. 25%) , 3(1. 23%) 16(1 .08%) .

.

.

.

.

.

.

N.

1 . l

162 (1994)

. 30cm F/W

,

.

30cm -

4> .

.

F/W .

.

.

1 2 1. 795 , 645 , 000 1. 943 , 315 , 000 2 [

I 1 ( 1994).

2 ,

@ : F/W

.

F/W

.

@ :

.

@ : .

.

.

A'

- 4) I (: 1. 2)

A'

cc 163

@~~:

.

.

@ :

.

@ .

.

@

.

@

.

@ :

.

@ .

.

.

.

3. I

(1)

F/W 99.203m2

14. 159m3 . .

(1. 4). (6%)

(10%) 22. 113m3 .

(//) (99. 203m2). (30cm).

(10%) 32. 737m3 .

(99. 203m2) (10%) 109. 122m2 .

(99. 203m2)

(5%) 4. 960m2 . ( 3m)

6) .

(1994)164

- 6)

S

(m)

S

S

(m)

4 4 4 2 4 6 1 6 6

5 5 8 4 7 6 2 m 6

m n m 8

5

m

372

353 442 145

405 175 550 354

m n m M

m mm

AaI

nO

1i

A*

b GU

A

Fb

gu

6 4

4 m 6 4 6 9

6 5 3 9 5 2 3 O O

-- 1l4

14

nu n/ 1l4

n/i

u

370 350 101 277 563 492 288 365 550

1i

Aa U Qu

81 104 347 6.152

-7)

: 1. 000

S

/

2.196

2.473 300

1. 387 809

26.927 1.801

565

563 2.173 3.259 2.982

8.304 373.383

4.713 39

28.714 112.144

1. 109 42.320

3.213 31.035

1. 058 8.112

13.754 34.432

3.195 647 971

1. 780 5.456

59.144 30.554

8.428 262.758

3.249 618

1. 294 65

28.244 66.589 32.612

1. 735 8.259 3.220

13.625 9.360 5.621 1. 086 1. 618

394.262 259.710 416.191

72.348

16.732 638.338

7.962 657

28.714 115.912

365 30.740

109.717 62.752 34.570 9.317

11.332 27.945 43.792

9.379 3.906 5.848

399.023 265.166 475.335 103.011

m

oW Mnm

nm

wqm

M m m K nm

w

m

w&

m

m2

300 18.456

1 1 1

23.113 10

23.113 23.133 23.113 32.737

347 104

4.960 4.960

81 23~113

23.113 23.113

109.122 109.122 109.122

@

109

45.543 764.078 1. 590.892 2.400.513

cc l 165

(2)

F/W - 7)

24 .

(638 338 000) (399 023 000) (475 335 000)

(265 166 000) .

363 810 000

15% . 30cm

4

5 .

500 F/W

.

(992) I ~ , .

(988) , Zoysia-82 sprigging ." [j

~ 2(1), pp , 31-40 ,

(1991) I ~ .

(990) I~ .

(990) I ~.

(994) I cc ~.

(991) I ~.

. (985) I/!- 7 ~ : ;J..

(988) I ':1.,. /!,- 7 -^ T -tf 1 /' . 7' .:. /' f/ ~ : J..

(979) I 0) f"1 /'~ : .

(990) I /!- 7~ , : .

Alexander , M(977) , lntroduction to Soil Microbiology , New York: John Wiley.

Balogh , James C. and W.J. Walker eds(1992) , Golf Course Managemnt &

Construction: Environmental lssues. Boca Raton: Lewis Pub.

Beard , J.B.(982) , Turf Management for Golf Courses , Burgess Pub.

Biran , I. et al (981), "Water consumption and growth rate of 11 turfgrasses as

affected by mowing height , irrigation frequency, and soil moisture" , Agron.

J. 73 , pp.85-90.

166 (1994)

Boul, S.W .. F.D. Hole and McCracken(1973). Soil Genesis and Classification.

IowaState U. Press.

Carrow. R.N. and G. Wiecko(1989). "Soil compaction and wear stresses on

turfgrasses: Future research directions" in I. H. Takatoh ed. Proc. 6th Int.

Turfgrass Res. Conf. Tokyo. July 31-Aug. 5. 1989. Japanese Soc. of

Turfgrass.

Harris. Richard W. (1992). Arboricu1ture: Integrated Management of Landscape

Trees .. Shrubs. and Vines. Englewod: Simon & Schuster.

Miller. Rayrnond T. and R.L. Donahue(990). Soils: An Introduction to Soils

and Plan t Growth. 6th ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Mooney. Harold A .. W.E. Winner and E.J. Pell. eds. (199 1). Response of

Plants to Mu1tiple Stresses. San Diego: Academic Press.

Turgeon. A.J. (985). Turfgrass Management. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Untermann. Richard K. (978). Principles and Practices of Grading. Drainage

and Road Alignment: An Ecological Approach. Reston: Reston Pub.

CC . . F/W . .