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Catalyst – September 5(6), 2010 HOMEWORK OUT PLEASE!. Based on the octet rule , how many electrons will the following atoms need to gain or lose to be stable ?? Write “gain” or “lose” and number of electrons. Na Cl Pb Xe Ca. Today’s Agenda. Catalyst Homework Review - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Catalyst – September 5(6), 2010HOMEWORK OUT PLEASE!
Based on the octet rule, how many electrons will the following atoms need to gain or lose to be stable?? Write “gain” or “lose” and number of electrons.
1. Na2. Cl3. Pb4. Xe5. Ca
Today’s Agenda
Catalyst Homework Review Writing Ionic Formulas! Naming Ionic Compounds! Practice! Exit Question
Homework: Bond/Formula Worksheet!
Study for Quiz 3.1!
Today’s Objectives
SWBAT show the formation of ionic bonds.
SWBAT write formulas for balanced ionic compounds.
SWBAT name ionic compounds.
Yesterday’s Exit Question
1. List 3 characteristics of ionic compounds.
2. Which has a higher FIRST ionization energy: sodium (Na) or francium (Fr)?
Higher 3rd IE – B or Ca?
F
Mg
Higher 1st IE – F or Mg?
Test Prep Review
Which general trend is demonstrated by the Group 17 elements as they are considered in order from top to bottom on the Periodic Table? (1) a decrease in atomic radius (2) a decrease in electronegativity (3) an increase in first ionization energy (4) an increase in nonmetallic behavior
Test Prep Review
An atom of aluminum in the ground state and an atom of gallium in the ground state have the same (1) mass (2) electronegativity (3) total number of protons (4) total number of valence electrons
Let’s think about this…
What does lithium do to become stable?
What does chlorine do to become stable?
How do they come together???
Let’s think about this…
What does beryllium do to become stable?
What does oxygen do to become stable?
How do they come together???
Let’s think about this…
What does beryllium do to become stable?
What does chlorine do to become stable?
How do they come together???
Alright…
That process takes a long time…scientists aren’t going to do it every single time
WE HAVE A SHORCUT TO FIND WHAT IONIC COMPOUND WILL FORM!
Get ready for it…
Kris Kross Method!
Ca3As2
Ca2+As3-
Key Point #1: To write ionic formulas, write down the stable ions and cross the oxidation numbers (charges) to make them subscripts
Na1+Cl1-
NaClLi1+O2- Li2O
Use the charges:
Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Charge 1
+2+
3+
4-
3-
2-
1-
0
The two ionic charges must
balance to ZERO!!!
Or use the ionic cheat sheet to find the charges.
Remember! The two ionic charges must balance to
ZERO!!!
Kris Kross Method!
Ca3As
2
Ca2+As3-
Which charge ALWAYS comes first?POSITIVE!!!
Which type of element ALWAYS comes first?METAL!!!
K F Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
K1+F1- Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
KF Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
KF Ba2+N3- Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga3+O2- Ca Cl K Si Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga2O3 Ca Cl K Si Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga2O3 Ca2+Cl1- K Si Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga2O3 CaCl2
K Si Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga2O3 CaCl2
K1+Si4- Co I
KF Ba3N2 Ga2O3 CaCl2
K4Si Co I
K F Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
You don’t know about transition metals! So.. the problem must tell you the
number of electrons. Cobalt (II) means that Cobalt gives
up 2 electrons
K F Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co2+I1-
K F Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si CoI2
Polyatomics
3-
1 Phosphate Ion
PO4
3-
2 Phosphate Ions
(PO4)2
Calcium Phosphate
Ca2+ PO43-
3-
Ca2
+Ca2
+
3-
Ca2
+
6+
6-
For POLYATOMICS it gets a bit more complex
Pb4+SO42- Pb2(SO4)4
NH4 1+PO43- (NH4)3 PO4
You have a little memorizing to do…
You have to memorize the formula and charges for these polyatomic ions for the test…
And life
Naming Ionic Compounds
Formula forIonic Compound
Name forIonic Compound
NaCl Sodium chlorideCaCl2 Calcium chloride
KBr Potassium bromide
MgF2 ???
NaBr ???
Naming Ionic Compounds
Key Point #2: To name ionic compounds,
•Write full name of first element (metal).
•Second element ends in -ide.
•Ignore subscripts!
Naming Ionic Compounds
Draw a mental line between the
ions.Na+ Cl-
Naming Ionic Compounds
Binary Ionic Compound – an ionic compound
composed of two elements
Naming Ionic Compounds
CaCl2
Naming Ionic Compounds
CaCl2
Calcium Chloride
Naming Ionic Compounds
Al2O3
Naming Ionic Compounds
Al2O3
Aluminum Oxide
Naming Ionic Compounds
ZnO
Naming Ionic Compounds
ZnO
Zinc (II) Oxide
Naming Ionic Compounds
BaCO3
Barium
Naming Ionic Compounds
If the first element is +2, where
should we find the second?(Remember, charges must
balance!)
Naming Ionic CompoundsBaCO3
Barium
Naming Ionic CompoundsBaCO3
Barium Carbonate
Naming Ionic CompoundsAlPO4
Naming Ionic CompoundsAlPO4
Aluminum
Naming Ionic CompoundsAlPO4
Aluminum Phosphate
Naming Ionic CompoundsH2SO4
Naming Ionic CompoundsFeSO4
Naming Ionic CompoundsFeSO4
What do we do about transition
metals??
Naming Ionic CompoundsFeSO4
Sulfate
Naming Ionic CompoundsFeSO4
Since Sulfate is -2, Fe must be
+2
Naming Ionic CompoundsFeSO4
Iron(II) Sulfate
Naming Ionic CompoundsFeSO4
Iron(II) Sulfate or
Ferrous Sulfate
Exit Question
Write the formulas and names for the compounds that will form from the following elements.
1. Ga Cl2. K S
3. Mg2+ (PO4)3-
Exit Question
1. What is the formula for ammonium sulfate?
2. Write the formulas formed from the following atoms/ions:A) K OB) Na BrC) Mg S