7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 1/18

CARTILAGE

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 2/18

• Cartilage is a form of connective tissue

composed of cells called

CHONDROCTE! and a "ig"l#

speciali$ed e%tracellular matri%

• & '() of cartilage volume consists of t"e

e%tracellular matri% *"ic" is a functional

element of t"e tissue

• C"ondroc#tes are essential participants inproducing + maintaining t"e matri%

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 3/18

T#pes

• HALINE

 , C"aracteri$ed -# matri% containing t#pe II

collagen fi-ers. gl#cosaminogl#cans /GAGs0.

proteogl#cans + multiad"esive gl#coproteins

 , Distinguis"ed -# "omogenous amorp"ous

matri%

 , Appears glass# in living state , T"roug"out t"e cartilage matri% are spaces

are spaces called LAC1NAE

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 4/18

T#pes

• HALINE

 , *2in t"e lacunae are c"ondroc#tes

 , 3rovides a lo* friction surface. participates in

lu-rication in s#novial 4oints. and distri-utes

applied forces to t"e underl#ing -one

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 5/18

5 molecules in "#aline cartilage

matri%

• Collagen molecules

• 3roteogl#cans

• 6ultiad"esive gl#coproteins

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 6/18

Collagen 6olecules• 6a4or matri% protein

T#pe II collagen Constitues t"e -ul7 of fi-ril

T#pe I8collagen

9acilitates fi-ril interaction *2 matri%proteogl#can molecules

T#pe 8Icollagen

Regulates t"e fi-ril si$e

T#pe 8 collagen Organi$es collagen fi-rils into a 5:dimensional "a%agonal lattice

T#pe ;Icollagen

 Also found in matri%. mainl# at perip"er# ofc"ondroc#tes *"ere it "elps attac" t"esecells to matri% frame*or7

   I  n  v  o   l  v  e   d   i  n   f

  o  r  m  a   t   i  o  n

  o   f  m  a   t  r   i  x   f   i   b

  r   i   l  s

* II, VI, IX, X, XI : cartilage specific collagen

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 7/18

3roteogl#cans

• Contains gl#cosaminogl#cans

 , H#aluronan

 , C"ondrotin sulfate forms a proteogl#can

 , <eratin sulfate monomer 

• 6ost important monomer is aggrecan

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 8/18

6ultiad"esive Gl#coproteins

•  Also referred to as non:collagenous +

non:proteogl#can lin7ed gl#coproteins.

influence interaction -et*een

c"ondroc#tes + matri% molecules + value

as mar7ers of cartilage turnover and

degeneration

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 9/18

T#pes

• HALINE

 , H#aline cartilage matri% is "ig"l# "#drated to

provide diffusion of small meta-olites +

resilience

 , H=C= provides a model for t"e developing

s7eleton of fetus

 , A firml# attac"ed connective tissue. t"eperic"ondrium surrounds "#aline cartilage

 , H=C= of articular 4oint surfaces do not possess

a peric"ondrium

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 10/18

T#pes

• ELA!TIC

 , Distinguis"ed -# t"e presence of elastin in

cartilage matri%

 , 9ound in e%ternal ear. *alls of e%ternal

acoustic meatus. t"e auditor# /eustac"ian0

tu-e. + epiglottis of t"e lar#n%

 , 6atri% of elastic cartilage do not decalcif#upon aging

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 11/18

T#pes

• 9I>ROCARTILAGE

 , Consists of c"ondroc#tes + t"eir matri%

material in com-ination *2 dense connective

tissue

 , Com-ination of dense connective tissue +

"#aline cartilage

 , No surrounding peric"ondrium

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 12/18

T#pes

• 9I>ROCARTILAGE

 , T#picall# present in interverte-ral dis7s.

s#mp"#sis pu-is.articular dis7s of

sternoclavicular + temporomandi-ular 4oints.triangular fi-rocartilage of *rist. + anatomic

locations *"ere tendons attac"ed to -ones

 , 3resence of fi-rocartilage indicates resistanceto -ot" compression + s"earing forces

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 13/18

T#pes

• 9I>ROCARTILAGE

 , E%tracellualar matri% of fi-rocartilage is

c"aracteri$ed -# presence of -ot" t#pe I + II

collagen fi-rils

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 14/18

C"ondrogenesis + Cartilage Gro*t"

• 6ost cartilage arise from mesenc"#meduring c"ondrogenesis /cartilage

development0

• ? 7inds of gro*t"@ , Appositional , process t"at forms ne*

cartilage at surface of an e%isting cartilage

 , Interstitial , process t"at forms ne* cartilage*2in an e%isting cartilage mass

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 15/18

Repair of H#aline Cartilage

• H=C= "as limited a-ilit# for repair • "en H=C= calcifies. it is replaced -# -one

in t"e ff situations@

 , T"e portion of articular cartilage t"at is incontact *2 -one tissue in gro*ing adult -ones.

-ut not t"e surface portion is calcified

 , Calcification al*a#s occurs in cartilaget"at is

a-out to -e replaced -# -one during t"egro*t" period of individual

 , H=C= in adult calcifies in time as part of aging

process

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 16/18

H#aline Cartilage

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 17/18

Elastic Cartilage

7/21/2019 Cartilage tissues

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cartilage-tissues 18/18

9i-rocartilage