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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI would like to thank my Chemistry Teacher Mrs.

Sunita Goyalin providing a helping hand in making my

project titled Determination of Caffeine In Tea

Samples.

Disclaimers. The errors idiocies and inconsistencies

remain my own.

AASHIM GARG

(Name and Signature of the student)

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CERTIFICATEIt is herey certify that! the original and genuine

research work is carried out to investigate aout the

suject matter and the related data collection and has

een completed solely and satisfactorily y this student

regarding the "roject titled Determination of Caffeine

In Tea Samples

SUNITA GOA!

(Su"#e$t Tea$her)

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CONTENTS#$ Introduction

%$ Theory

&$ 'ses of Caffeine

($ )ffects of Caffeine

*$ "rocedure

+$ ,servations

-$ esults

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INTRODUCTIONTea is the most commonly and widely used soft

everage in the household. It acts as a stimulant for

central nervous system and skeletal muscles. That is

why tea removes fatigue! tiredness and headache. It also

increases the capacity of thinking. It is also used for

lowering ody temperature. The principal constituent of

tea! which is responsile for all these properties! is the

alkaloid/caffeine. The amount of caffeine in tea leaves

varies from sample to sample.

,riginally it was thought that caffeine is responsile for

the taste and flavor of tea. 0ut pure caffeine has een

found to e a tasteless while sustance. Therefore! the

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taste and flavor of tea is due to some other sustance

present in it. There is a little dout that the popularity of

the 1anthenes everages depends on their stimulant

action! although most people are unaware of any

stimulation. The degree to which an individual is

stimulated y given amount of caffeine varies form

individual to individual.

2or e1ample! some people oast their aility to during

several cups of coffee in evening and yet sleep lie a

long! on the other hand there ae people who are so

sensitive to caffeine that even a single cup of coffee will

cause a response oarding on the to1ic.

The 1anthenes everages also create a medical prolem.

They are dietary of a stimulant of the C3S. ,ften the

physicians face the 4uestion whether to deny caffeine/

containing everages to patients or not. In fact children

are more susceptile than adults to e1citation y

1anthenes.

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2or this reason! tea and coffee should e e1cluded form

their diet. )ven cocoa is of doutful value. It has a high

tannin content may e as high as *5 mg per cup.

6fter all our main stress is on the presence of caffeine in

1anthenes everages and so in this project we will study

and oserve the 4uantity of caffeine varying in different

samples of tea leaves.

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THEORYThe most important methylated alkaloid that occurs

naturally is caffeine. Its molecular formula is

C78#53(5%. It I'"6C name is #!&!- trim ethyl

1anthenes and common name is #/methylated

thioromine.

"urely it is white! crystalline solid in the form of

needles. Its melting point is #%&5c. It is the main activeprinciple component of tea leaves. It is present in tea

leaves up to &9 and can e e1tracted y first oiling the

tea leaves with water which dissolves many glycoside

compounds in addition to caffeine. The clear solution is

then treated with lead acetate to precipitate the glycoside

compounds in the form of lead comple1. The clear

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filtrate is then e1tracted with e1tracts caffeine ecause it

is more solule in it then water.

USE OF CAFFEINE#$ In medicine! it is used to stimulate! central

nervous system and to increase flow of urine.

%$ 0ecause of its stimulating effects! caffeine has

een used to relieve fatigue. 0ut it is dangerous

and one may collapse if not consumes it under

certain limit.

&$ Caffeine is also used in analgesic talets! as it is

elieved to e a pain reliever. It is also eneficial

in migraines.

($ 8ealthcare providers sometimes give caffeine

intravenously :y I;$ for headache after epidural

anesthesia! 0reathing "rolems in neworns! and

to increase urine flow.

*$ In foods! caffeine is used as an ingredient in soft

drinks! energy drings! and other everages.

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EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE#$ It is psycho/stimulant.

%$ It improves physical and mental aility.

&$ Its effect in learning is doutful ut intellectual

performance may improve where it has een

used to reduce fatigue or oredom.

($

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PROCEDURE 2irst of all! *5 grams of tea leaves were taken as

sample and #*5 ml of water was added to it in a

eaker.

Then the eaker was heated up to e1treme oiling.

The solution was filtered and lead acetate was

added to the fitrate! leading to the formation of a

cruddy rown coloured precipitate

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3ow the filtrate so otained was heated until it

had ecome *5 ml.

Then the solution left was allowed to cool.

6fter that! %5 ml. of chloroform was added to it.

Soon after! two layers appeared in the separating

funnel.

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Similar procedure was performed with different

samples of tealeaves and 4uantity of caffeine wad

oserved in them.OBSERVATIONS%) Red !a"el Tea (&roo'e &ond)

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. ello !a"el Tea (!i*ton)

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+. Green !a"el Tea (!i*ton)

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RESULT,uantity of $affeine in Red la"el tea is -mg. /Sam*le of 0 gm.

,uantity of $affeine in yello la"el tea is 00 mg. /

Sam*le of 0 gm.

,uantity of $affeine in green la"el tea is 10 mg. /

sam*le of 0 gm.

=raphically plotting various tea samples in accordance

with the amount of caffeine present in them we present a

stunning find>

,rder of 4uantities of caffeine in different samples of

tealeaves.