C15 Henslin9e

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A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e

Chapter 15:Chapter 15:

PoliticsPolitics

Chapter 15: PoliticsCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 2

““Power relationsPower relations wherever they existwherever they exist.”.”

What is Politics?What is Politics?


MicropoliticsMicropolitics

Exercise of Power in Everyday LifeExercise of Power in Everyday Life

MacropoliticsMacropolitics

Exercise of Power Over a Large GroupExercise of Power Over a Large Group

Micro and Macro PoliticsMicro and Macro Politics


Authority is Legitimate PowerAuthority is Legitimate Power Illegitimate Power is CoercionIllegitimate Power is Coercion

Authority and Legitimate ViolenceAuthority and Legitimate Violence Governments Have Exclusive Rights to ViolenceGovernments Have Exclusive Rights to Violence

The Collapse of AuthorityThe Collapse of Authority RevolutionRevolution

Power, Authority, and Violence



Traditional AuthorityTraditional Authority Authority Based on TraditionAuthority Based on Tradition

Rational-Legal AuthorityRational-Legal Authority Authority Based on Written RulesAuthority Based on Written Rules

Charismatic AuthorityCharismatic Authority Authority Freely and Graciously GivenAuthority Freely and Graciously Given

Threat Posed by Charismatic LeadersThreat Posed by Charismatic Leaders




Authority as an Ideal TypeAuthority as an Ideal Type

Traditional, Rational-Legal, CharismaticTraditional, Rational-Legal, Charismatic

Not Ideal or Desirable NecessarilyNot Ideal or Desirable Necessarily

Transfer of AuthorityTransfer of Authority

Orderly from One Leader to AnotherOrderly from One Leader to Another




MonarchiesMonarchies

DemocraciesDemocracies DirectDirect

RepresentativeRepresentative

Universal CitizenshipUniversal Citizenship

Dictatorships and OligarchiesDictatorships and Oligarchies TotalitarianismTotalitarianism

Types of GovernmentsTypes of Governments


Political Parties and ElectionsPolitical Parties and Elections

Democrats, Republicans, Democrats, Republicans,

and Third Partiesand Third Parties

Primaries and ElectionsPrimaries and Elections

Centrism and ExtremesCentrism and Extremes

U.S. Political SystemU.S. Political System



Elections are Not Winner-Take-AllElections are Not Winner-Take-All

Based on System of Proportional Based on System of Proportional

RepresentationRepresentation

Encourages Non-Centrist PartiesEncourages Non-Centrist Parties

Coalition GovernmentsCoalition Governments

Democratic Systems in Europe

Democratic Systems in Europe


Non-Hispanic Whites Most Likely to VoteNon-Hispanic Whites Most Likely to Vote

African-Americans Next Most LikelyAfrican-Americans Next Most Likely

Latinos Least Likely to VoteLatinos Least Likely to Vote

Voting PatternsVoting Patterns


Social IntegrationSocial Integration

Alienation and ApathyAlienation and Apathy

Gender and Racial-Ethnic Gap in VotingGender and Racial-Ethnic Gap in Voting

Voting PatternsVoting Patterns



Special Interest Groups are People Who Special Interest Groups are People Who

Think Alike on a Particular Issue and Think Alike on a Particular Issue and

Mobilize for Political ActionMobilize for Political Action

Lobbyists are People Paid to Influence Lobbyists are People Paid to Influence

LegislationLegislation

Lobbyists and Special Interests

Lobbyists and Special Interests


Elections are ExpensiveElections are Expensive

Senate Campaign about $5,000,000Senate Campaign about $5,000,000

House Campaign about $1,000,000House Campaign about $1,000,000

PACs Contribute and are OwedPACs Contribute and are Owed

Criticisms of Lobbyists and PACsCriticisms of Lobbyists and PACs

PACs in U.S. ElectionsPACs in U.S. Elections


Functionalist Perspective: PluralismFunctionalist Perspective: Pluralism

Diffusion of Power Among ManyDiffusion of Power Among Many

Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances

Who Rules the U.S.?Who Rules the U.S.?


Conflict Perspective: The Power EliteConflict Perspective: The Power Elite

Top Business, Political, and Military Top Business, Political, and Military

LeadersLeaders

Ruling ClassRuling Class

Not a Secret Group, Just Similar Not a Secret Group, Just Similar

Backgrounds and OrientationsBackgrounds and Orientations

Who Rules the U.S.?Who Rules the U.S.?



Is War Universal?Is War Universal?

Human Aggression and Killing, YesHuman Aggression and Killing, Yes

War, NoWar, No

How Common is War?How Common is War?

Humans Long for Peace but Glorify WarHumans Long for Peace but Glorify War

War is Very Common and FrequentWar is Very Common and Frequent

War and TerrorismWar and Terrorism


Why do Nations go to War?Why do Nations go to War?

RevengeRevenge

PowerPower

PrestigePrestige

UnityUnity


PositionsPositions

EthnicityEthnicity

BeliefsBeliefs


Cost of WarCost of War

Toll in LivesToll in Lives

Toll in DollarsToll in Dollars



Increased Emotional DistanceIncreased Emotional Distance

Emphasis on Following OrdersEmphasis on Following Orders

Inability to Resist PressuresInability to Resist Pressures

Diminished Sense of ResponsibilityDiminished Sense of Responsibility

DehumanizationDehumanization


Blaming the VictimBlaming the Victim

Struggle Between Good and EvilStruggle Between Good and Evil

Success and Failure of Success and Failure of




TerrorismTerrorism

““The use of violence to create fear in The use of violence to create fear in

an effort to bring about political an effort to bring about political

objectives.”objectives.”

Suicide TerrorismSuicide Terrorism



Selling War TechnologySelling War Technology

Making AlignmentsMaking Alignments

Protecting InterestsProtecting Interests

Child SoldiersChild Soldiers

Sowing the SeedsSowing the Seeds


Major TrendsMajor Trends

Obstacles to UnityObstacles to Unity

Domination by the EliteDomination by the Elite

New World Order?New World Order?

A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e

Chapter 15:Chapter 15:

PoliticsPolitics

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C15 Henslin9e