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By Thomas, Constantin and Johannes
Fascism
Weimarer Republic
Hitler and Nazi Germany
Mussolini and Italy
Index
Weimarer Republic
1919 - 1933
Nov . 9 1918 - Revolution in Germany: The Empire
collapses, the Kaiser abdicates, and a republic
is proclaimed
Feb. 6 1919 – The National Assembly
meets in Weimar ->Government of the
"Weimar Coalition" (SPD, DDP, Center) is formed
with Philipp Scheidemann as Chancellor
June 23 1919 - Versailles Treaty: The Treaty,
drafted by Britain, France, and the United States, is
imposed on the protesting German government
1918 - 1919
July 31 1919 - Weimar Constitution: The National Assembly, sitting in Weimar, adopts a constitution for the
Republic
June 6 1920 - The parties of the "Weimar Coalition" lose their Reichstag majority in
national elections
June 22 1922 - Foreign minister Walter Rathen
assassinated by right-wing anti-Semites. In reaction to
this outrage, Republican institutions are consolidated
for a time
1919 - 1923
Aug. 12 - Nov. 23 1923
A "Great Coalition" government (SPD,
DDP, Center, DVP) led by Gustav Stresemann
(DVP) ends the passive resistance and
the inflation
April 26 1925Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg is
elected as President of the Republic
June 13 1928 - A“ Great Coalition"
government (the first since 1923) is formed
under Hermann Müller (SPD)
Oct. 1929 -The Wall Street crash, symbolic
start of the Great Depression, finds the
German economy already in decline
1923 - 1929
March 27 1930 – Brüning cabinet: After the
collapse of the Great Coalition government, a minority
government of the center and right-wing parties is formed
under Heinrich Brüning (Center)
April 10 1932 Hindenburg is reelected
President by a small margin over Hitler
July 20 1932 – The Papen government takes
over the government of Prussia, Germany's largest
federal state, dismissing the Weimar Coalition
1930 - 1932
July 31 1932 - National elections, called by Papen to strengthen his position in the
Reichstag, result in doubled Nazi representation
Jan. 30 1933 - Nazi "seizure of power": Hitler becomes Chancellor with a
cabinet numerically dominated by conservatives
1932 - 1933
Hitler and Nazi Germany
Adolf Hitler was born April 20, 1889 at Braunau am Inn, Austria, a small village, bordering Germany, the third son and fourth child of six
Adolf left the school with 16 without any qualifications, he wanted to became a painter
University of Vienna rejected Hitler twice 1913 he moved from Austria to Munich (Germany) He fought in Word War 1 for Germany Sep 1, 1914-Oct 18, 1918 Hitler soldiered in France and Belgium as a
runner – he get awards in WW1 but never got a officer October 1918 Hitler was temporarily blinded by a gas attack Hitler had long admired Germany, and during the war he had become
a passionate German patriot, although he did not become a German citizen until 1932
Germany in turn perceived the treaty and especially the paragraph on the German guilt as a humiliation
Hitler was discharged from the army in March 1920 and with his former superiors' continued encouragement began participating full time in the party's activities.
From unknown to dictator of Germany
1921 - 1925Early 1921 - Hitler becomes an effective public speakerJuly 29 1921 - Hitler became Führer of the NDAPJan 1922 - Nazis begin to rise in influenceNov 23, 1923 - Beer Hall Putsch Apr 1924 - Hitler sentenced to five-years imprisonment 1925 - His autobiography “Mein Kampf” was published "Strategy of legality" - taking control of Weimar Jan 1928Jan 1930 Great Depression in GermanyIn the following elections 1930: Nazis win 18.3% of the
voteApr 1932 Hitler runs for presidency1932 July elections for Reichstag, Nazi's gain 37.4%
Jan 30, 1933 Hitler becomes ChancellorFeb 27, 1933 Reichstag fireMar 1, 1933 Reichstag elections of March 1933
– NSDAP 43.9%Jan 1, 1934 Hitler consolidates power,
suppresses oppositionJun 29, 1934 Night of the Long KnivesAug 2, 1934 Hindenburg dies, Hitler passes
law to be FührerThe complete power of Germany was in one
hand
1933 - 1934
Mar 1, 1935 Rearmament of Germany 1936 Olympics in Berlin Mar 1936 Reoccupying the Rhineland demilitarized zone Jul 1936 Intervention in the Spanish Civil War Oct 25, 1936 Axis created: Germany and Italy Nov 5, 1937 "Living space" for the German people Mar 12, 1938 Anschluss: Annexation of Austria The first step of Hitler to include all German-speaking lands and
terriotieries that Germany lost in WW1 in one empire Sep 1, 1938 Sudetenland (Czechoslovokia) Crisis 1939 Action T4: Killing crippled and retarded children 1939-1945 The Holocaust: Systematic killing of Jews Mar 15, 1939 Hitler invades Czechoslovokia Aug 23, 1939 Secret agreement to divide Poland with the USSR -
the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Das Dritte Reich – The Third Empire
Sep 1, 1939 Invasion of Poland and the start of World War TwoApril 1940 Invasion of Denmark and NorwayMay 1940 Invasion of Netherlands, Luxembourg and
Belgium and FranceSep 27, 1940 Tripartite Treaty: Germany, Japan and
ItalyOct 1940 Battle for air superiority in BritainJun 22, 1941 Invasion of the USSR - Operation
BarbarossaSep 1941 Holocaust: Final SolutionDec 11, 1941 Declares war against the USAOct 1942 Germany defested in North Africa
The Second World War
Oct 1, 1943 Hitler starts to suffer breakdownJun 1, 1944 Germany begins to collapseJuly 20 1944 Plot against Hitler –
StauffenbergApril 1945 – Soviets before BerlinApr 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicideMore than 60 million people died in World
War 220 Million soldiers40 Million civilians, 12 million in concentration
camps
Turning point: Battle of Stalingrad - Februar 1, 1943
Mussolini and Italy
1883 Benito Mussolii was born
1922 Mussolini becomes premier of
Italy
1923 The Fascist Voluntary Militia forms in Italy
under Mussolini
1883 - 1924
1924 Mussolini disallows all non-
fascist work unions
1928 Mussolini ends woman’s rights in Italy
1936 Mussolini describes alliance between Italy and
Germany as an “axis”
1924 - 1936
1940 Adolf Hitler & Benito Mussolini confer at Brenner
Pass in the Alps26 July 1943 Mussolini resigns and is arrested
1940 - 1945
Thank you for your attention!
