By: Ben Robinson. To improve student’s reading comprehension using four comprehension strategies: predicting, questioning, clarifying, and summarizing;

By: Ben Robinson

What is Reciprocal Reading?

RECIPROCAL READING GOALS

To improve student’s reading comprehension using four comprehension strategies: predicting, questioning, clarifying, and summarizing;

To scaffold the four strategies by modeling, guiding,

and applying the strategies while reading; To guide students to become metacognitive and

reflective in their strategy use; To help students monitor their reading

comprehension using the four strategies;

RECIPROCAL READING GOALS

To use the social nature of learning to improve and scaffold

reading comprehension; To strengthen instruction in a variety of classroom settings –

whole-class sessions, guided reading groups, and literature circles; and

To be part of the broader framework of comprehension

strategies that comprises previewing, self-questioning, making connections; visualizing, knowing how words work, monitoring, summarizing, and evaluating.

(McLaughlin & Allen, 2002; Pearson, Roehler, Dole, & Duffy, 1992)

WHAT THE RESEARCH SAYS

“Lubliner (2001) points out that reciprocal teaching is an effective teaching technique that can improve on the kind of reading comprehension that is necessary not only for improved test scores but also for an information age. A growing need exists for students to learn sophisticated reading skills that they can employ in the workforce and in a world that is bursting with print materials and data. Students should be prepared to comprehend and evaluate a wide variety of complicated texts from books to electronic sources, and reciprocal teaching strategies can help them achieve that goal.”

~ excerpt from Lori D. Ockus (2003)

Discuss with someone next to you how this quote relates to 21st Century Literacy.

Strategy Activity

Predict Predictor predicts with evidence: My prediction is… My evidence is…Other students agree or disagree and Give evidence.

Read Students read the section silently or in unison.

Question Questioner poses questions for the group to discuss: My on-the-surface question is… My under-the-surface question is…Other students answer questions.

Clarify Clarifier asks for or gives clarification: I need to have __________ clarified. Do you need anything clarified?Talk about parts that were confusing and discuss unknown words.

Summarize Summarizer summarizes: Here’s what I think is the most important My summary is…Other students add to summary.

The objective is: To have students work in collaborative small groups using the following processes:

What are we developing by using the 4 strategies?

Popcorn.

WHAT ARE WE DEVELOPING BY USING THE 4 STRATEGIES?

PREDICTION

Requires readers to infer by using prior knowledge combined with the information given in the text.

Keeps readers actively involved in the story.

As readers predict they also constantly evaluate

Develop hypotheses then either reject or confirm hypotheses


READING


CLARIFYING

Finding word meaning in context.

Distinguishing between fact and opinion

Interpret figurative language

Enhancing vocabulary

Improve general knowledge and understanding


QUESTIONING

Develop and understanding of 3 leveled questioning

A sense of understanding must be present before children can form questions.

Recalling facts and details

Drawing conclusions and making inferences

Identifying the authors purpose Understanding

sequence


SUMMARIZING

Finding the main idea

Retell

Evaluating predictions

Consolidating new understandings and vocabulary

Recalling facts and details

LET’S HAVE A GO!

MANGEMENT OF RECIPROCAL READING Tools – Reciprocal Reading Guide Card, Dictionary, Atlas, Vocabulary Recording

Sheet, Instructional Text.

Training - With the teacher as part of the group modeling each stage. 3 or 4 sessions

of modeling before the group can be independent.

Monitoring – Use PMI for group feedback, Check vocabulary sheets are being

added to. Every now and then, join in.

Rotating – Don’t have your groups reciprocal reading every day. Once or twice a

week is enough for each group

Planning – In your planning set some group goals. E.g. By the end of this lesson you

will have understanding of new vocabulary to do with dance.

Location - In class during guided reading, outside, reading areas, library.

EMAIL FOR PRESENTATION OR IDEAS. [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

By: Ben Robinson. To improve student’s reading comprehension using four comprehension strategies: predicting, questioning, clarifying, and summarizing;